sme presentation final
TRANSCRIPT
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Prepared by: Reflection
Women entrepreneurs in SME:engaged in Manufacturing
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CONNECTING GIRLS, INSPIRING FUTURES
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Executive SummerySMEs are recognized as engine of economic
growth and employment generation for
sustainable industrialization in both developed
and developing countries of the world.In
Bangladesh, a large number of women work inthe informal sector, but the real value of their
participation and contribution is not recognized in
the society. However, it is heartening to note that
despite many barriers, a new womensentrepreneur class in the Small and Medium
sector has developed in the country taking on the
challenge to work in a male dominated,
competitive and complex economic and business2
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Chapter 1
1.1 Introduction:Entrepreneurship has been regarded as one of the important
determinants of
industrial growth both in the developed and in the under-developed
countries.Despite its importance for the economy, the emergence of women
entrepreneurship is a new phenomenon all over the world. In
Bangladesh women
constitute slightly less than half the population but there are not
enough
employment opportunities for them. In spite of fewer opportunities,
many women
have succeeded in business.
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Continued
1.2 Objectiveof the project; To identify the present status of women entrepreneurs in different
sectors and the role of women entrepreneurs in the national
economy,
To determine the women entrepreneurs profile, their successindicators
To examine how womensbusiness associations can strengthen
womensposition in business and international trade promotions;
To indicate areas in need of further research with understanding
of economic contributions by female enterprise owners ;
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Continued 1.3 Limitations of the project:
Data collection through interview was a time consuming matter.
The respondents sometimes were found non-cooperative with
the interviewers.
Present study covered women entrepreneurs engaged in SME
only. Gathering information from some of the women entrepreneurs
was sometimes very difficult and extremely time-consuming.
Further, it was also found that women entrepreneurs have a
tendency to disclose lower income and higher expenses.
The study was conducted among women entrepreneurs of veryfew districts. So this may not reflect the total picture of
Bangladesh relating to women entrepreneurs.
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Chapter 2
2.1 Methodology: The study adopted the followingmethodologies:
i. Primary Research
ii. Secondary Research
The total sample size was 20 women entrepreneurs who wereinterviewed for the survey.
2.2 Techniques of Data Collection: To collect data fromthe field,
appropriate questionnaires / checklist were provided. The
questionnaire
covered elements required for the survey. For qualitative research,
techniques such as interviews, and key informant interviews were
used.
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Continued Objective wise details:
Sl
No.Objectives Activities Tools used
1. To identify the presentstatus of women
entrepreneurs in different
SME sectors
Questionnaire
Survey
StructuredQuestionnaire
2. To determine the womenentrepreneurs profile,
their success indicators
with reference to a
particular sector
Questionnaire
Survey
StructuredQuestionnaire
3. To examine and assess thesocio cultural/
educational and legal
barriers to women's entry
into enterprise, as well as
performance and growth
in entrepreneurship
QuestionnaireSurvey
StructuredQuestionnaire
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Chapter 3
3.1 Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs):As per thesurvey of ICG and MIDUS, there are approximately 6 million
SMEs and 31 million people are employed in SMEs. Among
these 6 million-
40% is wholesale & retail
22% is in production & sale of agricultural goods
15% is in services
14% is in manufacturing
3.2 Definition of SME: SME means Small and MediumEnterprises. There is no common acceptable definition of SME
that has been applied worldwide. Bangladesh Bank defined
SMEs in line with the Industrial policy 2010 as follows:
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Continued
Value (replacement cost)of fixed assets excluding
land & buildingNo. of employees
Small Industry
EnterpriseManufacturing BDT 50 lac to1 crore 25 to 99Service BDT 5 lac to 1 crore 10 to 25Trading BDT 5 lac to 1 crore 10 to 25
Medium
Industry
EnterpriseManufacturing BDT 10 crore to 30 crore 100 to 250Service BDT 1 crore to 15 crore 50 to 100Trading BDT 1 crore to 15 crore 50 to 100
Micro IndustryEnterprise Manufacturing BDT 5 lac to 50 lac 10 to 24 or lessService Less than BDT 5 lac Less than 10
Trading Less than BDT 5 lac Less than 10
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Continued
3.3 Barriers to the Promotion of the SME Sector
in Bangladesh: Lack of capital support
Absence of policy for transfer of modern technology
Unavailability of appropriate infrastructure facilities
Lack of marketing opportunities
Inadequate policy reforms
Lack of exposure to international markets
Law and order situation
Illegal imports and non-tariff barriers
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Chapter 4
4.1 Women Entrepreneurship in Bangladesh:Womenentrepreneurs constitute less than 10% of the total business
entrepreneurs in
Bangladesh whereas women in advanced market economies own
more than 25% of
all businesses. Although the Constitution of Bangladeshguarantees all citizens
equal rights, in reality, the society is highly stratified and services
are rendered on
the basis of class, gender location, etc., which often results in
disparities. 70% of
the women entrepreneurs are micro and rural based. They are not
given proper
opportunity for expansion. As a result, they are unable to expandtheir operations
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Continued
4.2 Women Entrepreneurs of Bangladesh: The types ofenterprises operated by women may be placed under followingcategories:
Household or family trade (Cottage Enterprise or Industry),
Small Enterprise or Industry
Medium Enterprise or Industry
An important element of Women SMEs is that the technologies orprocesses used are
Often relatively simple. These types of business include
food processing,
tailoring,
hot gram (chanachur) production, grocery stores,
poultry farm,
cow rearing,
sweetmeat shop,
restaurants etc.12
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Continued
4.3 Why SME is most desirable to womenentrepreneurs?
Main reasons for women undertaking SME are-
Small business enterprises are characterized by informal work
organization, flexible working hours and ease of combining gainful
employment with domestic responsibilities. Activities involved insmall business sector will give women flexibility to spend more
time for their family.
Since many women of Bangladesh are less educated than their
male counterparts and need to look after their households, they
have a good chance to get a job in small business and continuethere.
Moreover it is well established that women entrepreneurs are
better re-payer of credit. All these facts support the arguments that
women should get priority over men under any entrepreneurship
development programs related to small business.13
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Continued
4.4 Case Studies:1.Abida Sultana:
Abida Sultana ownsAbida's Designand Pithar
Adda, two separate businesses.Her
businesses are mainly onlinebusiness.
Abida's Design is a completewedding
solution. Pithar Adda delivers pithafor
various occation. The organizationthat
helped Abida start her business is
Shawpnochura Mohila O ShishuUnnoyon
Sangstha. Abida's starting capitalwas 500014
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Continued2. Sharmin Hossain:Sharmin Hossain started her business at
2007but it really took off in 2010. Her
company's
name is Fresh And Safe Agro Ltd. Herproducts are
seasonal vegetables, fruits, meat, fish,
eggs, milk andedible oil. FASAL uses cucumber leaf as
pesticideand
try to maintain an international standardin
manufacturing and marketing byfollowing
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) andGood
Agricultural Practices (GAP). FASAL hasits own 3
acre land in Manikganjand a warehousein Gabtoli.
FASAL has outlets in Banani, DarusSalam Huma un
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Continued
3. Fatema Begum:Fatema Begum is an entrepreneur
who
started her business in 1996 with
helpfrom Mohila Unnoyon Somitee.
She
operates her business from
Korotia,
Tangail. She operates a boutiqueshop
that has Sharees, Salwar Kamiz,
Bed
Cover etc. Her capital is now over
250000 tk. Her business is in16
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Continued
4. Shahnaz Khan:Kay Kraft was established by theentrepreneurial wife and
husband team of
Khalid Mahmood and Shahnaz
Khan. While
still a University student, Shahnaz
Khan first
introduced Kay Kraft to the clientele
through
a home-show back in May 1993. Kay
Kraft has outlets in Sobhanbagh,
Bailey Road,
Malibagh, Shimanto Square,
Dhanmondi, Banani,Mir ur Aziz Su er Market Uttara
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Continued
5. Nilufa Yeasmeen:
Nilufa Yeasmeen started her
business with
help from Tantihara Mohila Kalyan
Somitee.She has her own showroom in
Kalihati,
Tangail. Her products are Tangail
Sharee,
Salwar Kamiz, Orna and differenttypes of Bags
made from Jute.Her starting capital
was
20000 tk. and now it's over 300000
tk.18
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Continued
6. Nur Akhter Banu Ritu:Nur akhter banu Ritu had training
from
BSCIC and jute mills. Theorganization has
different branches in Rangpur,Narsingdi
and Bogra. She started at theyear 1998
with 5000 tk. as capital. Her
products areMainly Toys and Bags. She has
been
exporting her products since2010. Her
Business is sole proprietorshipinvolving
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Continued7. Jahanara:Jahanara Cottage Industries JCI
was
established in 1954 with the visionto help
the poor handicraft
artisans from remoteparts of Bangladesh. It's aims wereto help
artisans to establish themselves inthe
society economically and to
enhance theirdignity in the society. Jahanara
Cottage
Industries is an proud member ofWorld Fair
Trade Organization. Jahanara, theactual20
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Continued
8. Arpita Ghosh:
Arpita Ghosh started her businessin 2011
with no formal training. Her starting
capital was 8000 tk. and now it's
over
100000 tk. She has her own
showroom at
Mirpur 2 namedAngkita Fashion &
Jewelry.
Her products are Salwar Kamiz,Shareeand
Jewelry. Her business is also a
sole
proprietorship. She wants to open
more21
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Continued
9. Salma Islam:
Salma Islam started her business
in 1990
with 500 tk. as capital. Now her
capital is
around 300000 tk. She is amongsttop 10
women entrepreneurs of Jatiya
Mohila
Sangstha. Her products are
Sharee, Fotua,Panjabi, Salwar Kamiz, Bed &
cushion Cover
and Nakshi Kantha. Her own
cloting line is
called Salma Handicrafts. Salma22
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Continued
10. Asma Begum:Asma Begum started herbusiness in 2008
with 1000 tk. worth 1 Kg. beads
and now
her capital is 700000 tk. Shedidn't have
any formal training. Her products
are
mainly showpieces and handbags
made
from beads. She works with Jatiya
Mohila
Sangstha. Her business is a sole
proprietorship. She also owns asatellite
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Continued
11. Tahmina:Tahmina started her business in
2011 with
500 tk. as capital and now it's
25000 tk.
She works with both BSCIC andJatiya
Mohila Sangstha. Her products are
showpieces made from dry flowers
and
handbags. Tahmina has a Masters
degree
from JnU. Her business is a
partnership.
Her future plan is to sell herroducts at
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Continued
12. Jasmine:Jasmine is an womenentrepreneur who
works with SMEFand has a trade
license.
She started her business in 2005with
10000 tk. as capital. Her present
capital
is over 1000000 tk. She has her
own
boutique house named Alisha
Boutique
House at Mohammadpur. Her
products
are Salwar Kamiz, Sharee, Kid's25
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Continued
13. Selina Akhter:
Selina Akhter started her businessat 16
November 2011. She works with
Mohila
Somitee. She operates her
business from
Goalondo, Rajbari. Her capital is
200000
tk. She produces agricultural
products likeDaler Bori, Jober Chatu, Dheki
Chata Atop
Chal, Mustard Oil, Muri, Ghee,
Brown Sugar,
Naru, Pickles etc. Selinas26
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Continued
14. Bilkis Ara Beli, SalinaRahman:
Bilkis Ara Beli and Selina Rahman
are
partners. They are involved with
the
organization Choyshati Mohila
Kalyan
Somitee. Their products are
Cushion Cover,Tissue Box, Wall Pocket, Churi
Box, Rice Cooker
Coveretc. They run their business
from
Basail, Tangail. They want to27
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Continued
15. Asma Ahmed:Asma Ahmed is an entrepreneur
who makes
jewelry, showpieces, vases etc.
She had help
from Shuptokola Academy. Sheoperates her
business from her home in
Farmgate and
doesn't have any employees. Her 3
daughters help her making the
products.
Her starting capital was 50000 tk.
and now
it's 100000 tk. Her business is asole
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Continued16.Salina Akhter:
The organization that helped Salinaset her
business is Golabari Nari Kallan
Somitee,
Madaripur. She is also the President.
She has
her showroom in Madaripur. She
mainly
produces Salwar Kamiz, Sharee,
Nakshi Kantha,Utility bamboo & cane baskets etc.
Her starting
capital was 20000 tk. and now it's
around
800000 tk. Salina mainly employs29
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Continued
18. Tahsina Shaheen:
Tahsina started her own fashion
house
Sadakalo in 2002 at Shimanto
Square. Sadakalo
is probably the first fashion house toproduce
couple's costumes and matching
costumes for
mother-daughter and father-son.
AlsoSadakalowas the first fashion house
to bring
out mugs with Bangla alphabet. It
has outlets
in Banani, Gulshan, Wari,30
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Continued
20. Shahana Begum:
Shahana Begum is a partner and
an
entrepreneur of Blazer BD. She
and her
brother started the business. Shehad
training on Embroidering and Block
from
Roorke University of India under
Usha Board,Agra in 1992. She wants to export
and
expand her business to whole
world. Their
products include- Adam's Fashion,31
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Chapter 5
5.1 Contribution of manufacturing in nationaleconomy:
Production of large and medium scale manufacturing industries,
particularly knitwear, ready-made garments, cotton textile,
pharmaceuticals, wood products, iron and steel, ceramic, cement,
plastic products etc. showed substantial growth in the first sevenmonths of FY 2006-07.
Small and cottage industries showed a substantial growth during
July-December, 2006 over the same period of the previous year.
Contribution to GDP of large and medium scale at constant prices in
2009-10 was 5.98 and in 2010-11 was 10.41.
Contribution to GDP of small scale at constant prices in 2009-10
was 7.77 and in 2010-11 was 7.34.
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Continued
5.2 Enterprise Analysis: Enterprise analysis based on theinterviews-
Business Constraints:
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Continued
Social Constraints:
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Continued
5.3 Conclusion: Women have the qualities andtemperament to become successful entrepreneurs and shouldbe encouraged to start their own business to help them become
economically independent. Women are very determined and
good strategists. They can cope better than men psychologically
with the pressure of running a business (Khan, May 21, 1994).
Women entrepreneurs are making their contribution to thenational economy and it is they who will play their role in making
Bangladesh a strong and prosperous nation.
5.4 Recommendations:
Various custom duties on export should be reduced for women
entrepreneurs.
Development programs should focus on empowering women in
such a way that they may easily undertake business activities.
A credit Program should be undertaken in the development
budget to give collateral free loan.
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Continued
development providing the necessary information on the career
prospects of women.
Training on Business Development should be provided to
women in order to attract them towards entrepreneurship.
Women Entrepreneurs of Bangladesh should be assisted to
organize SME trade fairs in the SAARC region.
Participation in international trade fairs and single country fairs
would enhance the business of the Bangladeshi women.
Manufacture of quality products for international market should
be given priority in order to highlight the image of Bangladesh
through its products.
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Thank You All. Any queries?