smia_reciprocal_frame_structure_2015 - · pdf file11-12-2014 · structural...

SMiA Structural Morphology in Architecture

Structural Morphology in Architecture

RECIPROCAL FRAME STRUCTURES



OBJETIVE

Understand the concept of reciprocal structure

Study the morphology

Explore the formation of structural systems with a groupings modules reciprocal



TOPICS

1. Definition: reciprocal frame structure

2. Examples in nature

3. Background

4. Morphology

5. Reciprocal modules

6. Groupings of reciprocal modules

7. Details – connections

8. Membranes - reciprocal frame covers

9. Recent Research



1. DEFINITION:

Reciprocal frame structure



1.Definition: reciprocal frame structure

• A reciprocal frame is a class of self-supporting

structure made of three or more beams and

which requires no center support to create roofs,

bridges or similar structures. Wikipedia • The reciprocal frame is a three-dimensional

grillage structure mainly used as a roof structure,

consisting of mutually supporting sloping

beams placed in a closed circuit. Olga

Popovic Larsen, Reciprocal Frame

Architecture.

• The reciprocal frame is a three-dimensional

assembly structure made up of three or more

sloping rods in a closed circuit, namely an

Reciprocal frame unit. The inner end of each rod

rests on and is supported by its adjacent rod.

Signified by the word “reciprocal,” which

expresses mutual action or relationship, such

closed circuit is obtained as the last rod is placed

over the first one in a mutually-supporting

manner. At the outer end, the rods are given

an external support by a wall, ring beams, or

column. Peng Song. Chi-Wing Fu. Nanyang

Technological University, Singapore.



2. EXAMPLES IN NATURE


RECIPROCAL FRAME STRUCTURES En la naturaleza

encontramos ejemplos

de estructuras de trama

recíprocas ... podemos

ver los elementos

apoyados el uno del otro

... en acción mutua o de

la relación

2.Examplesin nature

In nature we find examples

of reciprocal frame

structures… we can see

the elements supported on

each other… in mutual

action or relationship

birds nest


RECIPROCAL FRAME STRUCTURES fruit of the pine tree.

2.Examplesin nature The Reciprocal Frame is a simple,

efficient, rational and naturally occurring structure.



3. BACKGROUND



• Man has also used these

structures to temporary

shelters… different cultures used

the reciprocal structures to

evolve your home.

3. Background

• El hombre también ha utilizado

estas estructuras para refugios

temporales ... diferentes culturas

utilizan las estructuras

recíprocas para evolucionar su

casa.



• Structures such as the neolithic

pit dwelling, Indian tepee or the

Hogan dwellings have some

similarities to the RF concept.

Use the principle of mutually

supporting beams

3. Background

• Estructuras tales como la

vivienda fosa neolítica, tipi indio

o las viviendas Hogan tienen

algunas similitudes con el

concepto de RF. Utilice el

principio de vigas de apoyo

mutuo

• .

Indian tepee. Hogan dwelling



• The reciprocal structures, also

known as "Roof Mandala" have

been used since the twelfth

century in the Chinese and

Japanese architecture

• The geometric forms of these

temples in plan are reminiscent

of the mandalas used in Buddhist

meditation as symbols of

divinities and representation of

the universe

3. Background

• Las estructuras recíprocas,

también conocidas como “Tejado

Mandala” se han utilizado desde

el siglo XII en la arquitectura

China y Japonesa,

• Las formas geométricas de

estos templos en el plan son

una reminiscencia de los

mandalas se utilizan en la

meditación budista como

símbolos de divinidades y

representacion del universo

Mandala geometric: is a spiritual and ritual symbol in Hinduism and

Buddhism, representing the Universe.



Leonardo Da Vinci establishes the first

geometric and structural studies of

reciprocity in the year 1500

Da Vinci described in the codex

Madrid, building reciprocal bridge

beams 3. Background

Leonardo Da Vinci - reciprocal bridge 1500

Leonardo Da Vinci establece los

primeros estudios geométricos y

estructurales de la reciprocidad en el

año mil quinientos

Da Vinci describe en el códice , la

construcción de un puente reciproco

con vigas de madera



3. Background

Floors constructed with short timbers - 1890



En el siglo XX en Barcelona, el

arquitecto José María Jujol

Diseñar los techos de la Casa Negre,

San Juan Despí, Barcelona (1915) y la

Casa Bofarul, Pallararesos, Tarragona

(1913-1918),

3. Background

In the twentieth century in Barcelona,

the architect Jose Maria Jujol

Design the roofs at Casa Negre, San

Juan Despi, Barcelona (1915) and

Casa Bofarul, Pallararesos, Tarragona

(1913–18),

Casa Negre, Sant Joan Despi, Barcelona 1915 - Architect Jose Maria Jujol



3. Background

Casa Negre, Sant Joan Despi, Barcelona 1915 - Architect Jose Maria Jujol



3. Background

Casa Bofarull, Pallaresos, Tarragona 1918 - Architect Jose Maria Jujol


RECIPROCAL FRAME STRUCTURES More recently you are structures were

used by architects Kazuhiro Ishii

One of his first RF projects, was the

‘Spinning’ house, the only RF structure

in Japan that has been designed in

steel.

All other examples in Japan have been

built in timber

The steel RF structure, made of

Vierendeel trusses, and is the only

part of the building that can be seen

from a distance

3. Background

Más recientemente está estructuras

fueron utilizadas por los arquitectos

Kazuhiro Ishii

Uno de sus primeros proyectos de RF,

era la casa 'Spinning', la estructura de

RF sólo en Japón que ha sido

diseñado en acero.

Todos los otros ejemplos en Japón se

han construido en madera

La estructura de acero RF, hecho de

armazones Vierendeel, y es la única

parte del edificio que se puede ver

desde una distancia

Kazuhiro Ishii.

Spinning house 1985



Another example of a RF design by Ishii is

the Sukiya Yu house where the RF

structure.

The building in which the RF structure is

used is an entertaining space, seven metres

in

span, named Yu-an. The horizontally

overlapping timber RF beams support the

wooden

dome.

To make sure that all the geometry was

right the

contractors first built 1:5 models of the

interlocking joints. When they were sure that

the

geometry was correct they scaled up the

notched timber interlocking beams and

constructed

the roof.

3. Background

Otro ejemplo de un diseño de RF por

Ishii es la casa Sukiya Yu donde la

estructura de RF.

El edificio en el que la estructura de

RF se utiliza es un espacio de

entretenimiento, de siete metros de

lapso, llamado Yu-un. Las vigas de

madera RF horizontalmente

superpuestos apoyan la madera

cúpula.

Para asegurarse de que toda la

geometría estaba en lo cierto al

contratistas primera construyeron 1: 5

modelos de las juntas entrelazadas.

Cuando estuvieron seguros de que el

geometría era correcta escalaron

hasta la madera con muescas vigas

entrelazadas y construidos

el techo.

Kazuhiro Ishii. - Sukiya Yu House - 1990



3. Background

Kazuhiro Ishii. - The Seiwa Bunraku Theater- 1990



4. MORPHOLOGY

ENTERNDER EL

CONCEPTO DE

ESTRUCTURA

RECIPORCA

ESTUDIAR LA

MORFOLOGIA

EXPLORAR LA

CONFORMACION DE

SISEMAS

ESTRUCTURAS A

PARTIR DE A

AGRUPACION DE

MODULOS RECIPROOS



4. Morphology

Geometric composition - polygon based



4. Morphology

Geometric composition - reciprocal vertex



4. Morphology

Geometric composition - elevation angle



4. Morphology

Geometric composition - inside face of module



4. Morphology

Geometric composition - bar or panel



4. Morphology

Geometric composition

reciprocal vertex

inside face of module

polygon based

bar or panel

elevation angle



4. Morphology

Geometric composition - direction rotation of the vertex

Positive direction Negative direction



5. RECIPROCAL MODULES



Modules configuration

Regular modules. Regular polygon base and bars of same length

Regular polygon base

and bars of different

length

Irregular polygon base

and bars of same length

Irregular polygon base and

bars of different length



4. Morphology



RECIPROCAL FRAME STRUCTURES ENTERNDER EL

CONCEPTO DE

ESTRUCTURA

RECIPORCA

ESTUDIAR LA

MORFOLOGIA

EXPLORAR LA

CONFORMACION DE

SISEMAS

ESTRUCTURAS A

PARTIR DE A

AGRUPACION DE

MODULOS RECIPROOS

4. Morphology


6. GROUPINGS OF RECIPROCAL MODULES





6. Groupings of reciprocal modules - Regular modules



ENTERNDER EL

CONCEPTO DE

ESTRUCTURA

RECIPORCA

ESTUDIAR LA

MORFOLOGIA

EXPLORAR LA

CONFORMACION DE

SISEMAS

ESTRUCTURAS A

PARTIR DE A

AGRUPACION DE

MODULOS RECIPROOS





The roof of the Sheldonian Theatre



6. Groupings of reciprocal modules - Regular modules - Arches



6. Groupings of reciprocal modules



6. Groupings of reciprocal modules - Regular modules - Panels



6. Groupings of reciprocal modules - Irregular modules



6. Groupings of reciprocal modules – Irregular modules

ETH Zurich, 2009




Gramazio & Kohler, Architecture and Digital Fabrication



6. Groupings of reciprocal modules – spatial modules

Reciprocal frames on platonic polyhedrons. Eike Schling




Reciprocal frames on platonic polyhedrons.




Reciprocal frames on platonic polyhedrons. Kenneth Snelson

Tetrahedron




Octahedron


truncated-tetrahedron cuboctahedron




Reciprocal frames on platonic polyhedrons.




Reciprocity: spatial structures on the edge Coordinators Alberto Pugnale and Dario Parigi




Spatial Aggregations 2, ETH Zurich, 2012


RECIPROCAL FRAME STRUCTURES ENTERNDER EL

CONCEPTO DE

ESTRUCTURA

RECIPORCA

ESTUDIAR LA

MORFOLOGIA

EXPLORAR LA

CONFORMACION DE

SISEMAS

ESTRUCTURAS A

PARTIR DE A

AGRUPACION DE

MODULOS RECIPROOS


Spatial Aggregations 2, ETH Zurich, 2012



7. DETAILS - CONNECTIONS



7. Details - connections



8. MEMBRANES - RECIPROCAL FRAME COVERS




KREOD / Chun Qing Li of Pavilion Architecture 2013



9. RECENT RESEARCH



finalmente

El próximo miércoles,

vamos a montar el

Pabellón de la torcedura

si quieren venir y

participar, estaremos

desde las 11:00 cerca de

la terraza del bar de la

ETSAV

y se puede ver los

conceptos aprendidos

sobre marco recíproco

en el Pabellón

The next

Wednesday,

12/11/2014

we will assemble

the Twist Pavilion.

11:00 near

the ETSAV

terrace of bar

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!

Finally

The next Wednesday, we

will assemble the Twist

Pavillion

if they want to come and

participate, we will be

from 11:00 near the

ETSAV terrace of bar

and you can see the

concepts learned about

reciprocal frame in the

Pavillion

smia_reciprocal_frame_structure_2015 - · pdf file11-12-2014 · structural...

Documents