smj 3513 © dr. mkaj 1 lecture 3 design process & design methods
TRANSCRIPT
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Lecture 3Lecture 3 Design Process & Design Process & Design MethodsDesign Methods
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Design Process vs. Design MethodsDesign Process vs. Design Methods
Design Methods – the techniques employed during design proces
Design Process – a series of processes involving identification of needs, planning, setting up specifications, conceptualization and product development
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Recognition of Need
Problem Definition
Concept Generation
Detail Design
Manufacture
Market
Design ProcessDesign Process
Concept Evaluation Decision matrix, ranking & weighting techniques
Brainstorming, synectics, analogy, morphological charts, functional analysis
Literature search, investigation, interviews, observation, questionnaires, testing, data/information collection, demand/wish/constraints, product design specification (PDS)
Value Engineering, Design for X’s, Failure Mode & Effect Analysis (FMEA), CAD/CAE
Design Design MethodsMethods
Quality Engineering, Design of Experiment, Product Testing
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Stage 1: Stage 1: Recognition of NeedRecognition of Need
Most needs are ill-defined Very vague – unclear!
Too broad – no boundary, too general, lack specific
Designers must be certain No assumption – “ I think this is the way to do it...”, “I think
the user will like it…”
Need facts and figures
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Stage 2 – Stage 2 – Problem DefinitionProblem Definition
Also called Clarification of Task – to clearly define the ill-defined need/problem
Common methods: Literature search Investigation, interviews, observation, questionnaires, testing,
data/information collection Demand/wish/constraints Product Design Specification (PDS)
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Example – Example – Problem DefinitionProblem Definition
Problem StatementYou have been given a task to design a battery-operated car jack for domestic market. The product must not exceed RM 300/unit. It should be easy to use, lightweight and portable.
Battery operated
Domestic market
Easy to use
Lightweight
Portable
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Problem Definition: Problem Definition: Car JackCar Jack
Battery operated – Cigarette lighter? Direct to car battery? Amperage? Voltage? Car battery capacity?…..
Domestic market – user? Class of car? Type of car? Age group? Income group? Gender? Tonnage? Mounting point? Existing Design? Competitors? …
Easy to use – operation time? Height? Size? Storage? Weight?
Lightweight – How light? Existing Design?
Portable – Storage? Case? Target car storage capacity? Location of storage?
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Wrapping up Problem Wrapping up Problem Definition StageDefinition Stage
After exhaustive effort of defining the problem, you must have a better idea about your design boundary. Then you should sit down and prepare the REQUIREMENTS of your design:
Design Objectives, Wish lists, Constraints Product Design Specification (PDS) – Prof. Stuart Pugh
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Stage 3 – Concept GenerationStage 3 – Concept Generation
This is the most difficult and critical stage in design
Need to employ CREATIVITY and INNOVATIVENESS
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STOP HERE!STOP HERE! Let’s have fun! Let’s have fun!
Mini Project (30%)You need to design a ‘device’ that can prevent a raw chicken egg from breaking when it is thrown from the first floor of C23. This ‘device’ must:
Use recycle material and must not exceed 500 g (including the egg) Be original and ‘home grown’- no ‘ready-made’ device Be purely mechanical
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ExpectationExpectation
Due in 2 weeks from today Progress and developmental work - problem
definition, concept generation, evaluation criteria.
Demonstrate some level of critical thinking - ability to relate to the basic concepts of engineering
Originality Functionality
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DeliverablesDeliverables
Prototype Developmental sketches Simple report Short Oral Presentation
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Grading CriteriaGrading Criteria
is the design creative? is the design well engineered? The employment of
basic engineering analysis and concept does the design adhere to the specifications and meet
all the constraints? quality of the design report – is it well-written, well-
structured, and contain all necessary information? quality of the oral presentations participation in the weekly meetings
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Idea Generation TechniquesIdea Generation Techniques
Use Brainstorming Analogical Thinking – relate to events or situations or
objects surrounding you
Selamat Mencuba!Selamat Mencuba!