smr technology development in russia and capacity building … documents/tm 2 - 5 october...

© Rosatom Tech

“Rosatom Technical Academy”

(Rosatom Tech)

SMR Technology Development in Russia and Capacity Building

Supports for Embarking Countries

IAEA Technical Meeting on Technology Assessment of Small Modular Reactors for Near Term Deployment

2 – 5 October 2017 Tunis, Tunisia

Vladimir Artisiuk

Contents

1. Nuclear technology in Russia

in a nut-shell

2. New generation

of Russian SMRs

3. HRD issues (NNP personnel)

© Rosatom Tech 2

Nuclear Technology in Russia in a Nut-shell

© Rosatom Tech 3

Beloyarsk Rostov

Novovoronezh

Kursk

Kalinin Smolensk

Leningrad

Kola

Balakovo

Russian Nuclear Power in a Nut Shell

© Rosatom Tech 4

Number of Power

Units: 35

Total Installed

Capacity: 28.3

GW

Reactor Types

Bilibino

~ 18,6 % of total electricity generation

http://www.rosenergoatom.ru/stations_projects/russian_nuclear/

- EGP-6 Unit - BN Unit

- VVER-1000 Unit

- VVER-440 Unit - RBMK Unit

- VVER-1200 Unit

SMRs

4 x12 MWt

Startup-

2- 1974

2- 1976

Nuclear Reactors for Submarines (predecessors of commercial PWR –reactors)

USS Nautilus - 1955 K-3 "Leninskiy Komsomol“ - 1958

≈ 250 nuclear submarines (450 reactors)

S2W (Submarine

Thermal Reactor

Mark II / STR MK

II)

Fuel – Zr + uranium 235U≈93%

Power output ≈ 10 MW

Core Lifetime ≈ 900 hours

Fuel – uranium 235U≈21%

Power output ≈ 2 x 70 MW

Core Lifetime: 1440 hours

≈ 210 nuclear submarines (220 reactors)

© Rosatom Tech 5 E. Seeger, Underway on Nuclear Power: 50th Anniversary of U.S.S. Nautilus

(Faircount Publication, 2004)

Nuclear propulsions. Icebreakers

© Rosatom Tech 6

Ship Name Startup Shut down Reactor Type Power (MWt)

Lenin 1959 1989 OK-150 replaced OK-900 90

Arktika 1975 2008 ОК-900A 171

Sibir 1977 1992 ОК-900A 171

Rossiya 1985 2013 ОК-900A 171

Sevmorput 1988 - KLT-40 135

Taymyr 1989 - KLT-40M 171

Vaygach 1990 - KLT-40M 171

Sovetskiy Soyuz 1990 2010 OK-900A 171

Yamal 1993 - OK-900A 171

50 Let Pobedy 2007 - OK-900A 171

http://www.okbm.nnov.ru/reactors

WWER Technology – History of Implementation

AES-2006 (WWER- 1200, 60 years lifetime, 90% capacity factor)

WWER-TOI (WWER-1300, Typical Optimized Informative- advanced project)

AES-91 (WWER- 1000)

AES-92 (WWER- 1000)

WEST: PWR

Russia : WWER (VVER)

Water Cooled Water Moderated Energy Reactor © Rosatom Tech 7

Challenge of Growing Training Demands. Russian Case: VVER-NPP Overseas

© Rosatom Tech 8

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

20172018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028

Russia 35000 Iran 1236

Czech&Slov 952 Bulgaria 917

Hungary 869 Cuba 707

China 454 Finland 360

Belarus 264 India 182

Germany 143

Bangladesh 1424

Egypt 2030

Turkey 1917

Iran 1631

Finland 450

Hungary 42*

* instructors only

Experience Plans

2016: Main Achievements

© Rosatom Tech 9

The first world reactor of the Generation III+

(Unit 1 of the Novovoronezh II NPP)

connected to the grid

BN-800 (Sodium Fast Reactor, Unit#4 Beloyarsk

NPP) started operating at 100% power

JSC TVEL and Vattenfall Nuclear Fuel AB (Sweden)

signed a contract for the supply of TVS-K fuel

assemblies for the Ringhals NPP

Irradiation test of the REMIX fuel started at Balakovo

NPP (VVER-1000) REMIX is the non-separated mixture of U and Pu from LWR SNF

reprocessing, with the addition of enriched uranium

New Generation of Russian SMRs

© Rosatom Tech 10

SMRs in Russian Federation 1/2

© Rosatom Tech 11

Title Designer Type Capacity MW(el)

Lifetime (years)

FC (months)

Construction time

Status

SMR at the operational stage

Bilibino NPP UralTEP EGR 48 40 15 4 Daily regime of maneuvering in the

range of 5-100%

SMR at the construction stage Academic-

Lomonosov FNPP (КLT-40S)

JSC Africantov

VVER 70 40 36 Commissioning (start –up 2019)

SMR projects with electrical capacity 100KW-1MW (e)

TVS GT IPPE LBFR 0.05/1/10 30 360 Construction 4-6 Concept

Vitiaz NIKIET VVER 1 30 84 Project-3

Construction - 3 High project elaboration

SVBR-MGR IPPE LBFR 1/1.5 360 PT definition of terms- 1 year

Concept

SMR projects with electrical capacity 1-20 MW (e)

Akkord IPPE VVCR 3/15/30 60 240 Project-3

Construction - 2 Concept

Angstrem GIDROPRES

S LBFR 6 30 72

Project-3 Construction - 2

Draft

Shelf NIKIET VVER 6 30 84

Project-3

Construction - 2

Engineering development

Uniterm NIKIET VVER 6.6 60 180 Project-3

Construction - 2 Technical proposal

SMRs in Russian Federation 2/2

© Rosatom Tech 12

Title Designer Type Capacity MW(el)

Lifetime (years)

FC (months)

Construction time

Status


PNAEM-8 JSC Africantov 8 180 Project 3.5 Concept

ABV-6E JSC Africantov VVER 9 144 Project-2

Construction 4.5

Technical proposal

Iceberg JSC Africantov 16 30 180 Project-3.5 Technical proposal

SVIR-10/SVIR-50 GIDROPRESS LBFR 10/50 60 60 Project-2

Construction 4.5

Concept

Ruta-70 IPPE PT Heat

production 60 Construction 3

Technical and operational documentation in IPPE


WWCR-М/ВРК-100

NIKIET VVECR 20/45/100 80 30 Project-3

Construction 3 Technical proposal

SVBR-10 GIDROPRESS LBFR 24 60 204 Project-3


RITM-200 JSC Africantov FPU 50 60 120 Project-2

Construction 4.5

Manufacturing

NIKA NIKIET VVER 100 60 36 Project-3


SVBR-100 GIDROPRESS LBFR 100 60 96 Engineering development finished

* S - Static, F - Floating, Sm- Submerged, Т- Transportable

SMR Fast Reactors with HLMC – SVBR-100

© Rosatom Tech 13

Pb-Bi rig

(1951)

Reactor

prototype

27/VT

(1958)

Experimental

NPS

(1963) Experimental

NPS K-64

(1971)

Series “Alpha”

class

NPS

(1977-1981)

SVBR-100

https://www.iaea.org/NuclearPower/SMR/

• The SVBR-100 is a multipurpose small modular fast reactor

lead–bismuth (LBE) cooled, 100 MWel.

• SVBR-100 is the Russia's first innovative project in NPP

development conducted in the format of public-private

partnership – Rosatom opens the doors for international

investors in the SVBR-100 reactor project

http://www.rosatom.ru/journalist/smi-about-industry/rosatom-dopuskaet-prikhod-zarubezhnykh-investorov-v-

proekt-reaktora-svbr-100/?sphrase_id=62773

Evolution of Lead-Bismuth Fast Reactor Technology

SMR Fast Reactors with HLMC – SVBR-100

© Rosatom Tech 14

Engineering design of the integral 100 MW

lead-bismuth

fast reactor with inherent safety and high

proliferation resistance features (SVBR-

100) has been completed.

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/16/08/ntr2016.pdf

The IP-portfolio of "AKME-

engineering" reached about 120 of

patent applications in 2016.

http://www.akmeengineering.com/419.html

Fast Lead Cooled Reactor – BREST-OD-300

© Rosatom Tech 15

• BREST-OD-300 is a lead-cooled inherently safet

reactor for the NPP Pilot & Demonstration

Energy Complex with an on-site fuel cycle.

• The project of BREST-OD-300 incorporates the

best technological solutions of the studied fast

reactor concepts.

Main critical components and equipment (including

fuel assemblies with MNUP fuel) have been

successfully tested for BREST reactor. http://www.rosatom.ru/en/press-centre/industry-in-media/siberian-chemical-combine-

has-successfully-completed-tests-and-post-irradiation-examination-of-its-

e/?sphrase_id=62744

http://www.rosatom.ru/journalist/news/atomenergomash-provel-gidroispytaniya-

kamery-parogeneratora-dlya-reaktornoy-ustanovki-brest-od-300/?sphrase_id=62745

https://www.riatomsk.ru/article/20170114/rosatom-brest-300-project-in-

scp-is-optimized-but-not-frozen/

Achievements for Domestic Consumption: Marine Reactor Plants

© Rosatom Tech 16

Four generations of marine reactor plants

OK-150 OK-900

(OK-900A) KLT-40

(KLT-40M, KLT-40S) RITM-200

Loop-type design Reactor plant with modular design of steam-

generating unit

Reactor plant with integral design of steam-generating

unit

http://www.okbm.nnov.ru/images/pdf/ritm-200_extended_ru_web.pdf

Floating Nuclear Power Plants: Solution for Coastal Areas Power Supply

© Rosatom Tech 17

is designed to supply

electricity, thermal

power, and desalinated

water to coastal or

isolated territories,

offshore installations,

islands, and

archipelagoes.

Akademik Lomonosov

(KLT-40S)

Optimized Floating Power Unit

(RITM-200M)

Capacity (e) 77 MW (2 x 38.5) 100 MW (2 x 50)

Capacity (th) 300 MW 350 MW

Thermal power with electric power reduced to 58%

146 Gcal/h 170 Gcal/h

Length 140 m 112 m

Beam 30 m 25 m

Draft 5.6 m 4.5 m

Displacement 21,000 t 12,000 t

Fuel Campaign 3-5 years 10 years

Lifecycle 40 years (up to 50 years)

40 years (up to 60 years)

Mobility Towed Towed or self-propelled

FLOATING NUCLEAR

POWER PLANT WITH

RITM-200M / KLT-40S

POWER REACTORS

FLOATING

NUCLEAR POWER

PLANT

KEY OPTIMIZATION

FIELDS

SNF storage unit

removed due to

extended fuel cycle

(10 years)

Living areas optimized

Positioning system

(dynamic or berth-

connected positioning)

General optimization

The First Crew of the Floating NPP Started Professional Training at St. Petersburg Branch of RosatomTech

© Rosatom Tech 18

On September 1, 2015 in the St. Petersburg branch of ROSATOM- CICE&T started training courses for 17 crewmembers of first Russian Floating NPP. Practical training involves full-scale simulator , which allows simulating all possible operation modes, including emergency. More information: http://rosatom-cicet.ru/?p=1784

In-Land NPP with RITM-200

© Rosatom Tech 19

Onshore RITM-200 – based NPP solution

TECHNOLOGY RITM-200

Number of modules 2 with the possibility of further

extension

Thermal capacity > 350 MW(t)

Electric capacity > 100 MW(e)

Average fuel enrichment < 20%

Fuel campaign 5-7 years

Operating life 60 years

Capacity factor 98%

Construction period 3 - 4 years

Engineering

consulting in NPP

management and

maintenance

Key NPP design features

SMALL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

WITH RITM-200

Fuel supply

throughout the

whole lifecycle Comprehensive

spent nuclear fuel

and radioactive

waste management

solution

Human resources

training and

development

Long-term service

and maintenance

and spare-parts

supply

2016 Achievements Nuclear Icebreakers

© Rosatom Tech 20

ZIO-Podolsk has completed assembling the integrated

reactor vessel of the second of two 175 MWt reactors for

the Arktika icebreaker.

http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Russia-completes-second-

reactor-vessel-for-Arktika-09051601.html

Construction icebreaker “Arktika” is underway.

• Anticipated commissioning date: 2018

• Reactor type: RITM-200 (175 MWt) http://www.okbm.nnov.ru/russian/universalicebreaker

http://www.interfax.com/newsinf.asp?pg=2&id=722756

http://www.rosatom.ru/journalist/smi-about-industry/na-ledokol-arktika-ustanovlen-atomnyy-

reaktor/?sphrase_id=66461

Reactor plant has been installed on the

Arktika icebreaker

HRD issues NNP personnel training in general (the case of VVER) Experience with Floating NPP Support the emerging countries

© Rosatom Tech 21

1-5 yrs

engineer/specialist NPP

5-5,5 yrs

BS NPP

4 yrs

BS NPP MS

4 yrs 2 yrs

E&T Path for the Position of Control–Room Operator (in Russia)

University Education On-the-job-training

The specific of Russia is that, compared to western

education system, there is a university specialty “Nuclear

Power Plants and Facilities”

University Specialization

«Nuclear Power Plants and

Facilities»

Fields of professional competences:

• Management • NPP structure & design • Commissioning & maintenance 4 yrs - Bachelor degree 2 yrs - Master degree

5.5 yrs – Specialist

2.Training of NPP operating personnel

E&T Path for the Position of Control–Room Operator (in Russia)

8 22

VVER NPP Staffing

© Rosatom Tech 23

Job distribution

(Russian NPP)

Essentials of HRD in Emerging Nuclear Countries

© Rosatom Tech 25

Personnel for Nuclear Programme

Nuclear Energy Program

Implementing Organization (NEPIO)

– 50 persons

Regulatory body (RB) – 70 persons

Operating organization (OO) –

150 persons

Total: 270 persons/country –

training in Russia

NPP Staffing options (VVER)

(person/MW)

(operating personnel, mid-level and

top managers):

up to 200 persons per 1 unit

up to 300 persons per 2 unit

Training in

Russia

Training in TC of

recipient country

–

up to 900 persons

(0.37)

Key personnel

(0.49)

(0.7)

(1.1)

The Main Stages of Creating Training and Material Base for Training Center

© Rosatom Tech 26

96 months The beginning of the Training

Centre construction

60 months Completion of

the Training Centre

56 months The beginning of

full-scope simulator

development

55 months The beginning of training in the Training

Centre

15 months Commissioning

6 month First criticality

Reactor start-up

The beginning of NPP construction

Commissioning of technical training (with the exception of

full-scope simulator)

20 months Put full-scope simulator into

operation

NPP staff recruitment, manning and admission to

self-guided work

Development of specifications for

CBS. The beginning of EMA creation

-8 0 -1 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2

SMR Deployment Roadmap

© Rosatom Tech 27

The integrated development schedule of SMR based on the referential RU

Operation

SMR Project with R&D implementation Including works supporting fuel

composition

Production and complete supply of

pilot SMR components

Design assignment

for SMR

SMR Project with R&D implementation

Design documentation development

Construction

Operation

6 years

3 years

Design assignment

for SMR

Design documentation development

Production and complete supply of pilot

SMR components

Construction 7 years

10 years

The integrated development schedule of SMR based on the innovative project

Personnel for Floating NPP (KLT-40)

© Rosatom Tech 28

Staff: 195 (including on-shore)

Staff on board: 70

Number of shifts: 3

Operating Shift: 1 FNPP supervisor

2 Unit Supervisor

2 Reactor operators

2 Turbine Operators

To organize Floating NPP personnel training the following was developed: • Operating personnel instructions; • Typical programme of training for Floating NPP personnel for a specific position; • Training materials (more than 200 TMs have been developed including thousands of

pages in total); • Lesson plans; • Interactive and 3D models for complex nuclear power facility systems; • Control questions on each topic and test questions for the final certification on each

course • A complete set of documents is uploaded on a server with open access for trainees

Emergency Preparedness and Response of FNPP Ongoing Training

© Rosatom Tech 29

To practice work in the crew, each employee in training under the leadership of the unit heads performs

• procedure for the use of FNPP primary fire-extinguishing equipment

• actions for the use of personal protective equipment for the skin and respiratory system

• procedure of using water-fighting equipment • organization and procedure for conducting a radiation safety

audit • organization and procedure for decontamination works.

Roadmap of SMR Implementation and HRD Issues (concept for SVBR)

© Rosatom Tech 30

Training material development: NPP

Systems & Equipment

Training material

Development:

General courses

Fuel

load

Full scope

simulator start-up

Commissioning

personnel

Training start-up Reactor hall shift supervisor (14) Turbine hall shift supervisor (14) Senior reactor operator (14) Senior turbine operator (14)

Development of AS

Task Order and

Scope of Work

development for

Analytical

Simulator (AS)

AS start-up

Training with the

use of AS

Training start-up Plant Shift Supervisor (14) Unit Shift Supervisor (14)

Workforce

analysis &

Staffing Plan

development

Personnel training

schedule &

Information

System

development

Training implementation

Developing Basis for University Programmes (The IMUSE project in 2016-2017)

© Rosatom Tech 31

Topics:

• Fundamentals of Nuclear Reactor Physics

• Nuclear Chain Fission Reaction

Fundamentals

• The Principle of Nuclear Reactor Operation

• Classification of Nuclear Reactors

• The Principal Types of Neutron-Nuclear

Interaction, Essential for Fission Chain

Reaction

• Effective Neutron Multiplication Factor in an

Infinite Medium

• Effective Neutron Multiplication Factor in a

Finite Size Reactor

• Neutron-Physical Processes Running on in a

Reactor during its Operation

• Brief Analysis of Nuclear Accidents

• Physical Principles of Safety Assurance

• Modular Lead-Bismuth Fast Reactors SVBR-

100 in Nuclear Power Industry

“Introduction to Nuclear Power, Physics and Small Modular Reactor

Technology”

(by G.I. Toshinskiy)

The Rosatom Tech Activity on SMR Technology. 2011-2017

© Rosatom Tech 32

The Technical Workshop on the topic “The Development of Curricula for Training of Foreign

Specialists in Small-Power Nuclear Plants in Russia” 7.06.2011

2011

2013

The Training Seminar “Introduction to the Liquid Metal Fast SMR

Technology” 29.09.-04.10.2013

Training Course “The Assessment of Advanced Pressurized Water Reactors

Utilization in New-comer Countries” 09-13.11.2015

2015

2016 SV on floating NPP and fast reactor SMR technology.

Training on floating NPP and fast reactor SMR technology 28.11-

16.12.2016

SV on SMR’s and floating 16 – 27 October, 2017

Training Course on HTGR/SMR Project Management

Russian Federation, 30 October - 03 November 2017/

Training Course on HTGR/SMR Project Management,

Russian Federation, 16 – 27 October, 2017

Training Course on R&D on design, manufacture and

qualification activities for HTGR, Russian Federation, 06

November – 01 December, 2017

2017

The First Crew of the Floating NPP Started Professional Training in St.

Petersburg Branch of ROSATOM- CICE&T. 01.09.2015-15.03.2016

smr technology development in russia and capacity building … documents/tm 2 - 5 october...

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