SNC2D1 – Chemistry Date: Name:

Types of Chemical Reactions

Most chemical reactions can be grouped into 5 main types:

i. Synthesis Reactionsii. Decomposition Reactionsiii. Single Displacement Reactions iv. Double Displacement Reactionsv. Combustion Reactions

Knowledge of these types of reactions is useful because:o we can better understand experimental observations of

the behaviour of substances in chemical changeso we can predict the products of unknown reactions

PRIOR KNOWLEDGE:1. What are diatomic molecules?

A molecule consisting of only two atoms of either the same or different elements

2. List them:Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2

1. SYNTHESIS REACTIONSo combination of smatter atoms and/or molecules to make

larger molecules

Example:

2. DECOMPOSITION REACTIONSo splitting of a large molecule into elements or smaller

moleculeso often requires heat, light, or electricity

Example:Electrolysis of water – the decomposition of a compound by an eclectic current

Word equation:

Water Hydrogen + OxygenSkeletal equation:

H2O H2 + O2

Balanced equation:

2H2O 2H2 + O2

Practice:Nitrogen triiodide Nitrogen

+ IodineNI3 N2 + I2

2NI3 N2 + 3I2

Ammonium nitrate Nitrous oxide+ Water

NH4(NO3) N2O + H2O

NH4(NO3) N2O + 2H2O

Practice:Hydrogen chloride + Ammonia

Ammonium chlorideHCl + NH3 NH4Cl

Iron + Oxygen Iron (III) oxide

Fe + O2 Fe2O3

4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3

A + B ABusually

elementscompound

Word equation:

Hydrogen + Oxygen WaterSkeletal equation:

H2 + O2 H2OBalanced equation:

2H2 + O2 2H2O

AB A + Bcompound

usually elements

3. SINGLE DISPLACEMENT REACTIONSo Chemical changes that involve an element and a

compound as reactantso One element displaces or replaces another element

from a compoundo Usually metals displace metals; non-metals will

displace non-metals

Practice:

Example:

X + AB A + XB

Practice:

5. COMBUSTION REACTIONSo Reactions involving the burning of a hydrocarbon with oxygeno Products are a l w a y s carbon dioxide and water

Bromine + Calcium iodide

Iodine + Calcium bromide

Br2 + CaI2 I2 + CaBr2

4. DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTIONSo Reaction which elements in different compounds displace

each other or exchange placeso A precipitate, a gas, or a molecular compound is usually

formedo Remember, metals can only switch with metals, and

non-metals can only switch with non-metals!

A B + X Y AY + XB

Example:

Example:

Practice:

Methane

+ Oxygen

Carbon dioxide + Water

CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

Sodium Silver Sodium Silver chloride

+nitrate

nitrate

+

chlorideNaCl + AgNO3 Na(NO3) + AgCl

Iron (III) Sodium Iron (III) Sodium chloride

+hydroxide

hydroxide

+

chlorideFeCl3 + NaOH Fe(OH)3 + NaCl

FeCl3 + 3NaOH Fe(OH)3 + 3NaClWord equati

Magnesium +Silver nitrate

Silver +Magnesiu

m nitrateSkele

tal equati

Mg + AgNO3 Ag + Mg(NO3)2

Balanced equati

Mg + 2 AgNO3 2Ag + Mg(NO3)2

Word equati

Lead (II)nitrate

+ Potassium iodide

Lead (II)iodide

+ Potassium nitrate

Skeletal

equati

Pb(NO3)2 + KI PbI2 + KNO3

Balancedequatio

Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI PbI2 + 2KNO3

CXHY + O2 CO2 + H2OHydrocarbon

Oxygen

Carbondioxide

water

Word equation:

Butane + Oxygen Carbon dioxide

+ waterSkeletal equation:

C4H10 + O2 CO2 + H2OBalanced equation:

2 C4H10 + 13 O2 8 CO2 + 10 H2O

SNC2D1 Date: Name:

Reaction Types Worksheet I

Instructions:i. Balance the skeletal equationsii. Classify each of the following reactions (i.e. synthesis, decomposition,

single displacement, double displacement, or combustion)

1. 2 H2O 2 H2 + O2 (Decomposition)

2. 2 CO + O2 2 CO2 (Synthesis)

3. 2 KBr + Cl2 2 KCl + Br2 (Single Displacement)

4. 2 H2O2 2 H2O + O2 (Decomposition)

5. Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + 2 H2O (D. D.)

6. CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O (Combustion)

7. Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 (S. D.) (balanced)

8. 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O (Synthesis)

9. 2 HgO 2 Hg + O2 (Decomposition)

10. AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3 (D. D.) (balanced)

SNC2D1 Date: Name:

Reaction Types Worksheet II

Instructions:i. Write the skeletal equationii. Balance the chemical equationsiii. Classify each of the following reactions

1. iron + oxygen iron (III) oxideFe + O2 Fe2O3

4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3 Synthesis

2. aluminum oxide aluminum + oxygenAl2O3 Al + O2

2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2 Decomposition

3. carbon tetrafluoride + bromine carbon tetrabromide + fluorine

CF4 + Br2 CBr4 + F2

CF4 + 2Br2 CBr4 + 2F2 Single displacement

4. nitrogen + hydrogen nitrogen trihydrideN2 + H2 NH3

N2 + 3H2 2NH3 Synthesis

5. mercury iodide + oxygen mercury oxide + iodideHgI + O2 HgO + I22HgI + O2 2HgO + I2 Single displacement

6. copper + silver nitrate copper (II) nitrate + silverCu + Ag(NO3) Cu(NO3)2 + AgCu + 2Ag(NO3) Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag Single displacement

7. sodium + oxygen sodium oxideNa + O2 Na2O4Na + O2 2Na2O Synthesis

8. barium chloride + magnesium sulfate barium sulfate + magnesium chlorideBaCl2 + Mg(SO4) Ba(SO4) + MgCl2 (balanced)

Double displacement

9. sodium + chlorine sodium chlorideNa + Cl2 NaCl2Na + Cl2 2NaCl Synthesis

10. iron + sulfur iron (III) sulfideFe + S Fe2S3

2Fe + 3S Fe2S3 Synthesis

11. iron (II) chloride + magnesium magnesium chloride + iron

FeCl2 + Mg MgCl2 + Fe (balanced)Single Displacement

12. heptane (C7H16) + oxygen carbon dioxide + waterC7H16 + O2 CO2 + H2OC7H16 + 11O2 7CO2 + 8H2O Combustion

Reaction Types REVIEW SHEET Name: Date:

PART A Instructions:i. Balance the skeletal equationii. State the type of chemical reaction

1. 2 Cu + O2 2CuO (synthesis)

2. 2 H2O O2 + 2 H2 (decomposition)

3. 2 Fe + 3 H2O Fe2O3 + 3 H2 (single displacement)

4. 3 H2S + 2 AsCl3 As2S3 + 6 HCl (double displacement)

5. CaCO3 CO2 + CaO (balanced) (decomposition)

6. H2S + 2 KOH K2S + 2 H2O (double displacement)

7. S8 + 8 Fe 8 FeS (synthesis)

8. 3 H2SO4 + 2 Al Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2 (single displacement)

9. H3PO4 + 3 (NH4)OH (NH4)3PO4 + 3 H2O (D.D.)

10. 3 O2 + 2 Al Al2O3 (synthesis)

11. 3 H2SO4 + 2 Al(OH)3 Al2(SO4)3 + 6 H2O (double displacement)

12. Cl2 + 2 KBr 2 KCl + Br2 (single displacement)

13. OMIT

14. 2 H2O2 O2 + 2 H2O (decomposition)

15. 2 Na + Cl2 2 NaCl (synthesis)

16. Zn + Pb(NO3)2 Zn(NO3)2 + Pb (balanced)

(single

displacement)

17. 2 NaI + Pb(NO3)2 2 NaNO3 + PbI2 (double displacement)

18. P4 + 5 O2 2 P2O5 (synthesis)

19. NH4NO3 2 H2O + N2O (decomposition)

20. CaI2 + 2 AgNO3 Ca(NO3)2 + 2 AgI (double displacement)

PART B Instructions:i. Write the skeletal equationii. Balance the equationiii. State the type of chemical reaction

1. Copper (II) oxide + hydrogen copper + waterCuO + H2 Cu + H2O (balanced)

Single Displacement

2. Lead (II) nitrate + potassium iodide lead (II) iodide + potassium nitrate

Pb(NO3)2 + KI PbI2 + KNO3

Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI PbI2 + 2KNO3 Double Displacement

3. Calcium + water calcium hydroxide + hydrogen gasCa + H2O Ca(OH)2 +H2

Ca + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 +H2 single displacement

4. Lead (II) sulphide + oxygen lead + sulphur dioxidePbS + O2 Pb + SO2 (balanced)

Single displacement