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    Practical application of the SNIA Shared Storage Model

    An excellent example of this practical application of the model is provided by the IT staff ofCarlson Companies. Carlson

    Companies is one of the largest privately held companies in the United States, with more than 180,000 employees in more than

    140 countries. Its IT division, Carlson Shared Services, acts as a service provider to its internal clients and consequently must

    support a spectrum of user applications and services.

    In formulating a global IT strategy for networking and storage, the Carlson storage architects began with their current

    applications and the supporting server/storage infrastructure. Originally, Carlson's business applications were supported on a

    combination ofdirect-attached storage arrays and internal storage. As shown in Figure 7, database applications ran on servers

    attached to large storage arrays, and other applications ran on servers with internal storage.

    Overlaid on the SNIA Shared Storage Model, Carlson Companies' original storage configuration clearly demarcates which

    applications access data via records, which via files, and which via device-level block aggregation or host-supported block

    aggregation. The first step in determining which applications might be better served by shared storage and which shared storage

    technologies are most appropriate for specific upper-layer applications is to diagram the upper-layer applications and their

    storage access methods.

    By using the Shared Storage Model, the storage architects clarified the relationship between application requirements and storageresources and also revealed the administrative overhead incurred by dedicated storage units. The system required four large

    storage frames and six additional arrays to support Carlson's data center applications. Each storage unit required separate

    administration as well as maintenance contracts from the supplying vendor. Because storage consolidation is one of the key

    benefits of SANs, the Shared Storage Model offered a framework for modifying the components in the block subsystem to

    reduce the number of storage devices while still serving Carlson's business applications.

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    Figure 7

    As shown in Figure 8, analysis of Carlson's former storage deployment led to a proposed shared storage configuration that

    leveraged both SAN and NAS technologies to streamline storage administration and enable more efficient use of storage

    capacity. This design replaces the four large directattached storage frames with a single SAN-attached storage array supporting

    more than 10 terabytes of data. In this example, Oracle and other Carlson custom applications now share a single, highly

    available storage resource that is more easily administered and offers more economical maintenance support compared with the

    four direct-attached storage frames it replaced. Shared directories and other internal applications have moved from direct-

    attached, dedicated storage to large NAS filers. In this instance, NAS was chosen for its cross-platform support and for its ability

    to serve remote NAS access for Carlson clients. Infrastructure applications that have no compelling reason to reside on either

    NAS or SAN remain on internal storage, as shown on the right side of the diagram.

    Figure 8

    Remote storage access is also a significant factor for organizations with geographically dispersed sites. In Carlson Companies'

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    global IT strategy, safeguarding corporate data generated at remote locations is essential for business continuance. Relying on

    each remote office to back up its own data locally offers no guarantee that backups are successfully completed or that data can be

    restored in the event of failure. Consequently, Carlson decided to streamline backup operations by bringing remote backup

    operations into its central data center. As shown in Figure 9, the Shared Storage Model is used to define four separate remote

    office backup scenarios. Remote offices with no local file servers have valuable corporate data on internal drives of laptops and

    desk workstations. Typically (and unfortunately) for most enterprise networks, this data is rarely backed up, resulting in loss of

    productivity if a laptop or desktop disk drive fails. For these sites, Carlson uses software that enables block change backup,

    meaning that only the data that has changed since the last backup is sent to the data center backup facility. This arrangement

    reduces the amount of data that must be sent across the wide area network and accomplishes the goal of securing dispersed

    corporate data assets. Similarly, remote sites with a local file server can be backed up using block changes, again reducing the

    amount of traffic generated over the WAN.

    Figure 9

    In the remaining two scenarios, a remote office may have a local NAS or SAN installed. For NAS, Carlson is leveraging vendor-

    supplied file backup utilities to replicate data from the remote site to the data center NAS equipment. At the data center, theNAS-based data can then be centrally archived to tape. For remote SAN installations, Carlson is using IP storage technology to

    transfer locally generated Fibre Channel SAN data to the corporate SAN. In Carlson's case, the data center SAN is built with an

    IP SAN core, thereby facilitating IP-based block backup between remote and central SANs.

    For Carlson Companies, the SNIA Shared Storage Model offers a coherent framework for analyzing current and future storage

    requirements for both the data center and its dispersed remote locations. For storage architects, the Shared Storage Model is a

    tool for defining application and storage relationships while enabling drill-down to more detailed storage-specific issues. For

    CIOs and IT executives, the model provides a basis for understanding the composition of their storage deployments and seeing

    how proposed acquisitions contribute to broader strategic IT goals. Additional information on the SNIA Shared Storage Model is

    available in Appendix E as well as the SNIA Web site at www.snia.org.

    Designing Storage Area Networks: A Practical Reference for Implementing Fibre Channel and IP SANs, 2nd Edition was writtenby Tom Clark and published by Addison Wesley Professional. Did you find this book helpful? Purchase it directly from the

    publisher.

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