sniper alley: military urbanism of the besieged...

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SNIPER ALLEY: MILITARY URBANISM OF THE BESIEGED SARAJEVO Mirjana Ristic, The University of Melbourne, [email protected] Sarajevo Survival Map 1992-1996 Source: FAMA, 1996

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Page 1: SNIPER ALLEY: MILITARY URBANISM OF THE BESIEGED …architectureofwar.artun.ee/wp-content/uploads/...Sniping violence in Sarajevo 1992-1996, Source: Author 2011 0 km 2.5 The main east-west

SNIPER ALLEY: MILITARY URBANISM OF THE BESIEGED SARAJEVOMirjana Ristic, The University of Melbourne, [email protected]

Sarajevo Survival Map 1992-1996Source: FAMA, 1996

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Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1996Source: CIA Factbook

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0 5km

SARAJEVOMiljacka River

Trebevic mountainIgman mountain

Ozren mountain

Location and Geography of SarajevoSource: wikimapia.org, modified by the Author, 2011

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█ Islamic buildings█ Orthodox buildings█ Catholic buildings█ Jewish buildings

Map of the Ottoman Sarajevo, Source: Author 2011

Panorama of the Ottoman Sarajevo, Source: Bublin 1999

0 250metres

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█ Islamic buildings█ Orthodox buildings█ Catholic buildings█ Jewish buildings█ Bosnian public buildings

0 500metresMap of the Austro-Hungarian Sarajevo, Source: Author 2011

Austro-Hungarian Sarajevo Source: Bublin 1999

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0 2.5km

█ Islamic buildings█ Orthodox buildings█ Catholic buildings█ Jewish buildings█ Bosnian of Yugoslavian

public buildings

Map of Sarajevo from 1945 to today, Source: Author 2011

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Socialist Sarajevo city centre, Source: Author 2008

Socialist Sarajevo residential suburbs, Source: Bublin 1999

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WOG opening ceremony, Sarajevo, 1984, Source: Bublin 1999

WOG poster, Sarajevo 1984, Source: Author 2010

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Destruction of Sarajevo, 1992-1996, Source: Straus 2006

Graffiti nearby Sarajevo International Airport, 1992-1996, Source: http://blansh.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/welcome-to-sarajevo.jpg

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● 1

● 2

● 3

● 4● 5

Map of the siege of Sarajevo, Source: Google map modified by the Author according to Rujanac 2003

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OTAT

M

Grbavica

Zlatište Hill

Spiky Rock

Nedžarići

Žuč Hill

Sarajevo Airport

ST

0 2.5km

Siege line Snipers positions and reach

Snipers’ positions and reach, Source: Author 2011

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Snipers' positions, Source: Author 2008

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0 2.5km

Areas visible to snipers

Siege line

Exposure of Sarajevo cityscape to snipers, Source: Author 2011

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Snipers' view of Socialist (up) and Austro-Hungarian Towns, Source: Author 2008

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0 2.5km

Siege line

Sniper Alley

Areas visible to snipers

Sniper Alley, Source: Author 2011

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Graffiti at the western end of Sniper Alley,Source: http://that-unsound.blogspot.com/2008_06_01_archive.html

“Watch out sniper” signs at corners of Sniper Alley,Source: http://that-unsound.blogspot.com/2008_06_01_archive.html

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0 2.5km

█ The main east-west traffic artery█ East-west boulevards█ North-south transverse streets

Pre-war Sarajevo street network, Source: Author 2011

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█ The main east-west traffic artery█ East-west boulevards█ North-south transverse streets

Siege line

Distribution & Intensity of Fear

Sniping violence in Sarajevo 1992-1996, Source: Author 2011 0 2.5km

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█ The main east-west traffic artery█ East-west boulevards█ North-south transverse streets

Siege line

The effect of sniping on urban connections in Sarajevo 1992-1996, Source: Author 2011 0 2.5km

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Distribution & Intensity of Fear

Siege line

Sniper Alley

Disconnected urban zones

Disconnection of Sarajevo as a result of sniping, 1992-1996, Source: Author 2011 0 2.5km

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THANK YOU!

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(left) A poster on a façade in the city centre promoting the Olympic Games in Sarajevo 1984, Source: Author 2010(right) Opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, Sarajevo, 1984 (Source: Bublin 1999: 110)

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(rleft) Graffiti on a façade nearby the International Airport during the siege of Sarajevo 1992-1996, Source: http://blansh.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/welcome-to-sarajevo.jpg(left) Destruction of Socialist-period Sarajevo, Source: Straus 2006