SnowtimeFun, r r OrientoroDEFENSE MAPPING AGENCY AEROSPACE CENTER

Vol. XlX, No.3 February 4,1977

Afler days and days of snow what else is more appropriale than

B'^lii'lzff[",:Jl"1i:,1$"'."J:";,"J.'$'"""?,',Hffin,':"L:* Capacity Crowd Attendslunch hour outside Building 25 as they built a "visilor control"

iillHll3l,ln"il,'ff"lTl',fi,',";:il1,:::"""I::'i,5lil'-7,ili1'13 National Prayer Breakfastyou do for frostbile?" Gresham and Mary "Keep talking to slaywarm" Abernalhy.

Three From Center ToPresent Papers At National

More than 300 persons attendedthe National Prayer Breakfastheld at the Aerospace Centerdining hall January 27.

The well organized event in-cluded a sit down breakfast andhalf hour special program. Specialint.roductory remarks wer(!prosonlod by Contcr l)lrcctttr, (lttl.

Jefferson Barracks VeteransHospital offered a prayer for ournational leaders and Bob Perlmanof DMAAC presented thebenediction.

DMAAC Deputy Director, Col.Robert Burns, served as master ofceremonies.

Kansas Gity Fleld Office Responsibilities

Reassigned to Aerospace GenterVice Admiral Shannon D.

Cramer, Jr., USN, Director of theDefense Mapping Agency, hasannounced the transfer of controlof the Agency's Kansas City FieldOffice from the DMA TopographicCenter, to the DMA AerospaceCenter. The transfer function is notanticipated to have any adversepersonnel impact since the changeis designed to primarily providecloser operational control overfield functions supporting theAerospace Center.

Previously DMA, which providesmapping, charting and geodesysupport to the U.S. Armed Forcesand the U.S. Merchant Marines,had been engaged in a study on thepossibility of closing one or more ofits four field offices. During thecourse of that study, increasedwork assignment to the AerospaceCenter resulted in the decision tokeep the field offices and totransfer control of one of them tothe St. Louis Center.

Choice of the Kansas City Office

for transfer to the AerospaceCenter under Colonel James H. St.Clair, USAF, was made on thebasis of its technical equipmentcapabilities and proximity to theCenter which has approximately3,300 personnel. The Kansas CityOffice has about 200 personnel.

The Topographic Center, underColonel William R. Cordova, USA,will continue to direct the activitiesof the other DMA Field Offices inLouisville, KY; San Antonio, TX;and Providence, RL

Gene Knlght conductc theDMAAC chorel orouo ln onr ol

ASP/ACSM Convention

According to the advanceprogram of the t977 NationalASP/ACSM Convention, threemembers of the Aerospace Centerwork force have been selected topresent papers.

Dr. Gerald Elphingstone willpresent a paper on, "IntegratedPhotogrammetric InstrumentNetwork"; Francis Mirkay'spaper will be titled, "Automationof Cartographic Com-pilation/Revision and ColorSeparation at DMAAC"; andLadorn Creighton is scheduled topresent a paper on, "An Approachfor Estimating the Vertical Ac-curacy of Digital Terrain Data inMatrix Form."

The convention is scheduled forthe week of February 27 throughMarch 5 at the Washington Hilton

in Washington, D.C.Other DMA personnel scheduled

to present papers are: GilbertWilliams, Marvin Marchant andSandra Todd of DMATC on thesubject of Map Production SystemModel-An Application; BruceOpitz of DMAHC on DistributiveProcessing Applied to Car-tographic Systems; John BrayDMATC on Problems inEstablishing the Difference inHeight Between Tide GaugesAlong the South American PacificCoast; James Hammack ofDMAHC on a subject yet to beannounced; Bob King of DMATCon Map Accuracy Evaluation byPhotogrammetry; and JamesWalker of DMATC on Trans-formation of Doppler GeodetidPoint Position to the Local Datum.

presented by Center Director, Col.James H. St. Clair. The invocationwas presented by Reverend FloydMorris of DMAAC. Scripturereadings were done by MauriceYahl also of the Center.

Special recordings from SenatorCharles Percy and RepresentativeMarjorie Holt on the meaning ofNational Prayer Breakfast wereplayed and musical selections bythe DMAAC choir, under thedirection of Gene Knight, included,"If My People Will Pray" and"Precious Lord Take My Hand."

Chaplain Roger Braaten of the

In his opening remarks ColonelSt. Clair said, "Freedom of peopleto worship as they choose is part ofthe very essence of this country'sstrength and we are gathered heretoday to reaffirm that pillar in thenational foundation. The prayers ofindividuals, like you, representingall faiths, collectively uttered,have borne this nation throughsome of its most perilous times.

"Let us today, each in his or herown way, pledge our support of theprincipals which make this, '.one Nation, under God, indivisible,with liberty and justice for all.' "

DMAAC choral group in one oftwo renderings during theNational Prayer Breakfast.The non-seclarian serviceswere arranged by a commitleechaired by Deputy Director,Col. Roberl Burns, and in-cluding Floyd Morris, MauriceYahl and Bob Perlman.

Metric Manual

AvailableMcDonnell Douglas has an-

nounced the sale of a new MetricManual, prepared and published toinstruct its personnel in convertingto the metric-based InternationalSystem of Units.

The 41-page manual provides ina compact format complete in-formation to enable an individualto apply the new measurementsystem in any job or profession.

It describes the units andprefixes on the InternationalSystem of Units, derived units to bewed for aerospace products, stylepractices, rules for conversion androunding, and drawing practices.

Cost of the manual is $5 apiecefor a minimum order of five copies.Quantity discount is available afterfive copies. Copies or informationcan be obtained by contacting M.A.McCormick, CorporateEngineering and Research, Mc-Donnell Douglas, P.O. Box 516, St.Louis, MO 63166.

A parl of the more than 300 DMAAC personnel who atlended lheNationaf Prayer Breakfast held January 27 in lhe 2nd SlreetDining Hall. Volunleer waiters and wailresses served the sildown breakfast in a quick and orderly fashion.

Nine Complete DegreeIn On-bose Progrom

Nine Center employees haverecently completed theirrequirements for a BA degree inon-base courses offered by TarkioCollege.

The nine are: James Dolan,ACNNA; David Fahey, SDRT;Frank Finklang, ADDP; M.Charlene Gill, PPGD; Charles Lee,GDCCD; John Mays, ADFCC;Calvin Morgan, ACCDA; KennethSwehla, SDCOB; and Phyllis Watt,GDDABJ.

This diversified class started out

a year ago as a group of in-dividuals, who for a variety ofreasons had their college educationinterrupted, but always wishedthey had completed. The seniormember of the class startedcollege in 1943.

All soon learned that one canadjust one's personal routine toinclude two evenings a week to theclassroom and get used to alwayscarrying a book to study, if youreally want an education.

The courses were provided at theCenter's South Annex.

Welfare Council Elects

1977 Officers

The DMAAC Civilian Welfare Council met on January 18, 1977 ancl

elected Thomas P. Berra (GDGW) as Chairman and Nancy J. Seemiller(FE) as Recorder for 1977.

The complete roster of Council members and alternates is:

Area I(D, AA, CO, PA,PR,PP, SOS, OC)To be elected

Area 2(POS, CM, SOC)

Judith'M. Fizer, CMDD 4906

Alt. Edmund J. Kaczmarski,CMDP 4956

Area 3(LO andFE - 2ndSt.)

Nancy J. Seemiller, FE 4445

Alt. Robert L. Foster, FEPC, ,1072

Area 4al4b (AD)John M. Rau, ADFC-3, 8213

Alt. Patricia A. Ketzner, ADPA,8327

Alt. Jimmy W. BoYd, ACMBA, 4131

Frank W. Sutera, ACMDA, 4066

Alt. Sharon L. Soliz, ACIBA, 4514

Area 6(PO, LO andFE - 8900, DFSC, DIS)Joan S. Langevin, LOSIA, 8170

Anne L. Konecnik, POX, 4621

Area 7al7b (SD)Paulette F. Martin, SDRA, 4181

Alt. Rudy M. Aguilar, SDDAD,r()83

Warren J. Bless, SDDAC 4083

Area I (PD)Dorothie F. Lewis, PDF, 8177

Alt. !lrnesl M. Schuttfcr, I)l)4,

It has been almost too cold totype and according to theweatherman there doesn't seem tobe any relief in sight. (Now watchthe weather get warm when thispaper comes out). The snow hasbeen on the ground for so long I'msurprised some enterprising soulhasn't started a kitty for the oneguessing the time when all thesnow is gone.

--o-Speaking of the snow . . . had you

noticed how the talk had centeredaround going to Florida untilMiami had its first snowfall in 100

years? . . . and how the "seasoned"St. Louis drivers act like they'reready to take on the North Pole?"skid into" might be a betterphrase and how SergeantWayman up in AA is trying to snowme with a story about bowling 713?

--o-Our congratulations to those who

organized and assisted with theNational Prayer Breakfast heldrecently at the Center. From startto finish the event was good as wasevident from the comments ofsome of the 300 peoPle who at-tended. While we're handing outtips of the Black hat, a big tip goesto the people who have beenworking on the Center snowremoval crews. They've done anexcellent job keeping things clear.

d]b. . .

GAS!

Williams New S&T Director

Ugh!Smell

That

P iecesFrom the Black Book:

Reduction ln Senior-Level

Positions ln DoD Announced

More than 3,000 senior-levelmilitary and civilian positions inthe Department of Defense (DOD)are scheduled for reduction bY theend of fiscal year 1978.

According to a DoD an-nouncement, the senior-levelreductions will include positionsoccupied by colonels and NavYcaptains (0-6) and above, andcivilian grades of GS-13 throughGS-18. This is DoD's continuingeffort to achieve as lean a toPmanagement structure as possible.

The new authorizations for theend of fiscal year 19?B are 1,141 forgeneral and flag officers, and11,626 for colonels. These latestreductions are in addition to othersubstantial reductions in seniormilitary grades since the U.S.withdrawal from Vietnam in 1973.

Air Force reductions through

fiscal year 19?8 will be 13 generalofficer positions and 202 colonels'The number of civilian cuts has notbeen broken out bY sPecificmilitary departments at this time.

DoD will reduce the number ofcivilians in grades GS-13 throughGS-18 by 2,601 by the end of fiscalyear 19?8, including a reduction of50 in the number of suPergradepositions (GS-16 and above). Thenew levels for end of fiscal Year19?B in positions actuallY filledwill be 55,000 in the grades ofGS-13 through 15, and 1,122 in thegrades GS-16 through 18.

The method of accomPlishing thecivilian reduction will be deter-mined by individual dePartmentsand defense agencies. Wherepossible, reductions will be ac-complished through normal at-trition.

Nntrrrnl rrnn cnn kllll lt itt

Lloyd D. Sanborn, ADDEB, 8252

Alt. Wallace C. Bland, ADDS-3,4241

Area 5al5bl5c (AC)Norbert J. Kellner, ACNCC, 't424Alt. William R. Gillespie, ACCCA,

4866

Ronald D. Porter, ACMBA, 4131

4{J24

Area9a/9b/9c (GD)Thomas P. Berra, GDGW, 40BB

Katherine Jungewaelter, GDDAB,4689

Iris M. Soscia, GDDDA, 4646Alt. Neil Van Dermeulen, GDCCB,

4161

Natural gas can kill! lt isodorless in its natural state.The gas companies add a dis-agreeable smell as a means ofalerting people in case any gasshould escape.

Gas leakage may occurfrom faulty lines inside or out-side the home, or from gasmains. Such leakage cancause asphyxiation or an ex-plosion or both.

lf you ever smell gas-evenif it isn't in your ownhome-take these precau-tions:

1. Call your gas company.2. lf the odor r's very strong

and you are indoors open thewindows and doors to venti-late. Go outside. Call from aneighbor's house.

3. Do not turn any electricalswltches on or off .

4. Do not light matches,smoke cigarettes or createany source of combustion.

Vice Admiral Shannon D. Cramer, Jr., Direclor of lhe DefenseMapping Agency, congralulales Owen W. "Obie" Williams on hisappointment as Deputy Direclor for Syslems and Techniques.Williams served as Assislant Depuly Direclor, Plans,Requirements, and Technology until the new directorate wasestablished recently at the headquarlers. He has been wilh DMAsince September 1972.

Hu man Relations-the Basic 10l. Speak to people. There's nothing as nice as a cheerful word of

greeting.2. Smile at people. It takes 72 muscles to lrown and only 14 to

smile.3. Catl people by name. The sweetest music to anyone's ears is the

sound of his own name.4. Be lriendly and hetpful. If you would have friends, be friendly.5. Be cordial. Speak and act as il everything you did were a gen-

uine pleasure.6. Be genuinely interested in people. You can learn to like every-

body if you try.7. Be generous with praise*cautious with criticism.8. Be considerate with the feelings of others. It will be appreci-

ated.

Be thoughtlul of the opinions of others. There are three sides toany controversy*yours, the other fellow's, and the right one.

Be alert to give service. What counts most in life is what we dofor others.

Calendar of Events

FEBRUARY EVENT

8 FBA Lunch & Meeting

8 BAG Meeting

10 DMAAC Women's Club

17 FEW Meeting

18 Bloodmobile

18 AFA Dinner Meeting

5MAR

MARCH

5' Assn. of Litho Clubs

Contact M arge Wisneski/ 41 42,

21 HOLIDAY - Washington's Birthday

24 AGU Meetins Dining Hall C. Beierlel42O3

27- ASP/ACSMConvention Washington-HiltonHotel

WHERE INFO

Carpenters Hall D. Blackl4142

Voyager J. Jones/4540Restau rant

Sunset 44 Mrs. G. Strebeck/892.8908

Dining Hall E. Sinnwell/4783

2nd&Arsenal D. James/8364South Annex

Rodeway lnn S. Popp/8409

Washington. D.C.

Salad Bowl L. Held/4846

to have your March events listed.

The OR IENTOR is an of f icial news'paper, published bi-weekly on Fri-day by and for the personnel of theDefense Mapping Agency AerosPaceCenter, at St. Louis, Missouri. Opin-ions expressed herein do not neces-

sarily represent those of the DOD.

Col. James H. St. ClairD irector

David L. BlackChief , Public Aff airs Otf ice

EditorPage 2 ORIEN TOR February 4,1977

l0

Foun Look Elack Clven Magnetic Storms

3cI Yeans Study UndenvayROBERT J. ZIMMER'S, PDT,

Federal service began rvith themilitary in October 1945. He servedwith the 20th Inf Regiment, 6th Inf.Div in the Paeific and wasdischarged in May 1946.

He returned to Federal servicewhen he joined ACIC in JulY 1947.

His first assignment was as a

cartographic draftsman and later

Printing and DistributionDepartment where he is PresentlYassigned to the TechnicalDevelopment Office.

JAMES H. SCATES, LOTD, AISO

reached the 30 Year mark inDecember. He worked at the St.L,ouis Ordnance DePot Prior to hisinduction in the ArmY Air CorPs in1943. He served for three Years

niversary date is New Year's DaY.He entered the ArmY Air CorPs inApril 1943 and was commissionedthru the aviation cadet Program inFebruary 1944. He served in theEuropean Theater of OPerationsreceiving his discharge inNovember 1945 as a CaPtain.

He graduated from St. LouisUniversity with a BS in GeoPhYsicsin June 1949 and joined DMAAC onAugust 3rd. He was assigned to thePhotogrammetry Division untilJuly 1958 when he was reassignedto the Missile Support Division. Heserved in various positions and wasAssistant Chief when he wasnamed Chief , CartograPhYDepartment in August 1973.

In the reorganization he becameChief, Geopositional DePartment.

WALTER J. PURSCHKE,ACDN, reached the 30 Year markon January 11. Although he workedat the Post Office as a temPorarYclerk, his Federal career actuallYbegan with the Office of HousingExpediter, Rent Control Office asan administrative aide.

He came to DMAAC in APril 1950

and was assigned as a suPPlY clerkin the CartograPhY Division. Thefollowing JanuarY he wasreassigned to the position of cartodraftsman. The Position wasconverted to negative engraver'his present assignment.

The Air Force GeophysicsLaboratory is building a seven-station network to study the impactof magnetic storms on militarysystems.

"These storms, caused by solarparticles reaching the Earth'smagnetic field, can percist for daYsat a time," explained Dr. JohnMcClay of the laboratory's sPacephysics division. "Because suchstorms can disruPt com-munications and radar, as well asaffect ballistic missile and satel-lite trajectories, we are using thismagnetometer network to learnmore about them and hoPefullY toreduce their impact."

Five stations are in operation:Newport, Wash.; Rapid City, S.D.;Camp Douglas, WI; MountClemens, MI; and Sudbury, MA,along a line of 55 degrees Northcorrected geomagnetic latitude.

Additional sites are being con-structed in Lompoc, CA, andTampa, FL, along a line of 40

degrees North corrected latitude.

Ak"nil 4 4tlkr,to?

Dial 8255

John Wilkes Booth, him-self an actor, was able topredict which playsLincoln would attend. Thefatal performance was OurAmerican Cousin, acomedy of which Lincolnwas very fond. StephenVincent Benet describedwhat happenod on that

In military jargon, alcoholhas gone by various namesdown through the years, suchas grog during the AmericanRevolution, punch during theCivil War, French 75 duringWorld War.I, Jungle Juiceduring World War II (orProp Blast if Air Force), andmost recently, Mig 2l in Viet-nam.

Of all the Nation's wars, ilwas during the days of theIndian-Fighting Army thatalcohol had its most dele-terious effects. Often awayfrom civilization for yearsand living under the mostprimitive conditions, militarymen drahk to escape from theirproblems. In 1881, PresidentRutherford Hayes banned thesale of hard liquor on Armyposts throughout the Nation,believing that such an orderwould reduce drunkeness andgreatly improve the phYsicaland mental condition of theNation's fighting men.

The liquor ration in theNavy continued for a numberof years after it was abolishedin the Army, but in July1862-right in the middle ofthe Civil War-came ageneral order stating that"The spirit ration in theNavy of the United States

shall forever ceasc." A popu-lar ditty ol' lltc (itttc cx1'tt cssccl

llrc leelirrgs ol stttttc: "liot'olll gl(lg lllllsl slt)l) lllltl tttttrrrilitr rlrrrn-/()rr tlrc lirrl tlav

Zimmer Scates

promoted to a cartograPhicdraftsman supervisor in theCartographic Branch on 12thStreet. In 1954 all carto draftsmanpositions were converted tonegative engraver and he becamea negative engraver foreman in theCartography Division.

As a result of reorganizations, hewas reassigned to thePhotogrammetry Division in 1957,

the Missile Support Division in1964, and back to the CartograPhYDivision in 1969. Several monthslater he was promoted to alithographic specialist in the

By Philip R. Smith, Jr.

ln addition to the beauti-ful Lincoln Memorial,there is another memorialto Abraham Lincoln inWashington, D.C.- Ford'sTheater.

It was there that Lincolnwas assassinated, butmnra lmnnr{anlltr Il rrroc

during WWII with the Air CorPsand the Engineers. He wasworking at the St. Louis Ad-ministration Center as a vehicleoperator when he was recalled toservice during the Korean War.

Upon completion of hisassignment he entered on dutY atDMAAC in 1952 and was assignedto Roads and Grounds, as a

laborer. He was transferred toMaterials Destruction Branchwhere he is presently assigned asMaterial Destruction EquiPmentOperator.

JOHN G. BATHE'S, GD, AN.

LilOOLil'$

wBathe Pursch ke

fl*l.o- llltotnnriql

more importantly it wasthe place where, duringthe tumultuous years ofhis presidency, he qasable to relax from his tre'mendous duties during theCivil War.

Lincoln's love of thetheater stemmed from hissense of the dramatic, asevidenced by his ability asa mimic, and by his flairfor story telling. The artist-biographer Frank B.Carpenter, after witnes-sing Lincoln read Shake-speare, said, "l was notsure but that he had madea mistake in the choice ofa profession."

President Lincoln at-tended a number oftheatrical performances atFord's Theater during theyears 1862 to 1865, andmore than 50 at variousother Washingtontheaters.

A great many theatricalpeople visited Lincoln atthe White House. Not onlywere they welcome, theYwere able to present theirviews about the war with-out fear of punishment.The.great actor EdwinForrest, a Southern sYm'pathizer, once PlaYedBu lwer-Lytt on's Ri che I i e u,

a play about the greatFrench statesman of thatname. When the timecame for him to speak theline, "Take away thesword; states may besaved without it," he de'liberately altered the text,and glaring up at thePresident said, "Takeaway the sword; statesmust be saved without it."During the winter of 1864,following this incident,Forrest returned to Ford'sTheater and Lincoln at-

tended three or four moreof his performances.

It is ironic that Lincolnwas an avid fan of thebrother of the man whoassassinated him. Onceafter a production of theMerchant of Venice slar-ring Edwin Booth, brotherof John Wilkes Booth,Lincoln said, "lt was agood performance but I

had a thousand timesrather read it at home if itwere not for Booih's play-ing."

wr rqr r rqyPEr rsu vr r r

tragic night:

"Went to the theater intheir f lagdraped box.

The play was a goodplay, he liked the play,

Laughed at the jokes,laughed at thef unnyman

With the long, weepingwhiskers. The timepassed.

The shot rang out. Thecrazy murderer

Leaped from the box,mouthed out his Latinphrase,

Brandished his foolishpistol and was gone."

The rest is history.Lincoln belonged to theages. Booth was trackedto a barn and killed. Al-though very successful,John T. Ford, the owner ofFord's Theater had toclose its doors; no onewould attend aperformance there.

ln 1967, however, thestage lights went on againin the restored Ford'sTheater, and to date thou-sands of people havevisited the Lincoln boxand museum there, and at-tended plays in the theaterLincoln loved.

spirits drop,/On the first daY

of Septernber."A couple of decades later,

on Feb. 3, 1899, CeneralOrder 508 forbade the sale ofall malt or alcholicbeverages on ships or shorestations. Wines and beerswere still allowed, however,in the officers' mess untilSecretary of Navy JosePhusDaniels, a staunch teetotaler,extended the ban to them as

well, with a general orderforbidding the sale of anY

alcoholic beverage to anyoneon any Navy propertywhether afloat or on drY landafter July I, 1914.

This prompted one NavYpoet to write:"Josephus Daniels is a goose,

If he thinks he can induceUs to drink his d- graPe

In the Armored CruiserSquadron. "

The order went into eflecl,however, and the NavY be-

came as dry as the ArmY, atleast as regarded alcoholicbeverages.

In the foreign wars of the20th Century, liquor maY

have had more exotic namesbut the effects have alwaYsbeen the same. Although thecasualties from alcohol maY

not have been as numerous as

those from combat, reportsfrom Veterans Administrationhospitals and other suchfacilities point out that therehas been a much higher Per-centage of recoveries fromshell fragments than fromalcoholism.

utner Ntemorlar

February 4,1977 ORIENTOR Page 3

RetiremenbRetirements effected in

December f or which no in-formation was furnished theOrientor, include:

JOHN MENOS', PD, retirementwas effected on December 20. Hehad 31 1/2 years total Federalservice with over 23 years atDMAAC. He was assigned as aproduction controller at time ofretirement.

SUSAN E. BENZ, SDDLA,retired at the end of the year with28 years, 4 months total Federalservice. A cartographic clerk, shehas been at DMAAC over 21 years.

PAUL R. HABEL, ADPF,retired with 33 years, 4 monthstotal Federal service, with all but11 years at DMAAC. He was anaeronautical informationspecialist.

EDWIN R. FLEET, PDB, A

lithographic pressman spent hisentire Federal career at DMAAC.He retired on reaching the 30 yearmark.

LUELLA O. PITCHER, AD,retired with 33 1/2 years totalFederal service. She was aneditorial assistant at theWashington office the past 11

years.HOWARD C. LANDHOLT'S.

PDB, disability retirement waseffected on November 12 with 29

years, 7 months total Federalservice.

He served in the Infantry duringWW II in South France and Ger-many.

He worked at the Post Office andVeterans Administration prior tocoming to DMAAC in September1950 as a pressman. He wasassigned as Assistant Pressman(M&C) at time of retirement. Hestated his retirement plans areindefinite.

Earthquake Italian Air Force Officers New Approach To DrugsItt tltc pitst, ruost tliscrrssrorrs

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Birds, Bees & Other MvthsAs a switch this February 14th, give your lady-love a

bird feeder on St. Valentine's Day-but be careful whatkind of customers it athacts. One of the fables or foiblesassociated with this lover's day is that the young lady'sdestiny is determined by the first bird that she sees on St.Valentine's Day.

I{ she sees a blackbird, she will marry a man of theclergy; a redbreast or bunting, a sailor; a goldfinch oryellowbird, a man o{ wealth. I{ the first bird is a sparrow,she is assured of love in a cottage; a bluebird, poverty; a

crossbill, a quarrelsome husband; a wryneck, she willnever marry; a flock of doves, good luck in marriage inevery way.

The whole idea stems from an ancient custom in thefolklore of many peoples that on Feb. 14 birds choosetheir mates for the coming year.

What's In A NameThe name Valentine is associated with several matyrs of

the Christian church who lived in various parts of theworld. The two most prominent were Italians: a priest inRome and a bisfrop in Umbria, both of whom lived in thethird century A.D.

Some say that the holiday with its romantic connota-tions dates back to an early Roman event. In old RomeFeb. 15 was the festival of Juno Februata, and it is saidthat the Church substituted St. Valentine for the heathengoddess.

English CardsValentine cards appeared in England early in the

Christian era dnd survived the so-called Dark Ages.Heart-shaped epistles o{ greetings were in common use bythe beginning of the 14th century.

The present custom of exchanging Valentines is morefirmly rooted in the English practice o{ the early 1800s.By that time nearly everyone was learning to read andrvrite through free schooling, and with the passage of thePenny Postage Act in England, the price of mailingValentines was affordable bv all.

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Custom Comes to U.S.In 1875, German immigrant Louis Prang had designed

Valentines in the United States that were consideredworks of art. Although Prang refined the printing ofValentines, Esther Howland of Holyoke, Mass., was thefirst noted maker of Valentines in America. Her ornate,handmade cards ofter.r sold for as much as $35 eachduring the 1850s and 1860s.

In the 1890s the penny postcard craze swept America.Although the postcards were crude, the price was right,and they drove Prang and other publishers of the moreexpensive cards out of business.

Today, Americans young and old send Valentines toexpress their affection to loved ones, whethersweethearts, family or friends. Whatever the origin o{ thecustom, it seems to be a wholesome idea, forpsychologists point out that nearly everyone thrives onknowing that he or she is loved.

Predictions t tr_.r l n - -l-,-

AGU Meet Topic Vlsrt Aerospace Uenter oI clrug abuse centered only onthe drugs themselves: theircomposition, their physio-logical and psychological ef-fects, their control, their avail-ability. Knowing such things isnecessary for an intelligentunderstanding of drug abuse;however, the task of drugabuse prevention calls forunderstanding that goesbeyond information aboutdrugs to information abouthuman behavior in the familyor group where drug abuse is aproblem.

Currently, the basic ap-proach to drug abuse preven-tion in the Armed Forces hasbroadened to include effortsfor understanding the mem-bers involved, their feelings,their needs, their goals, andtheir reasons for taking drugs.

A recent article published bythe Office of Drug Abuse Pre-vention and National Instituteon Drug Abuse discusses thischange:

". Drug abuse preven-tion depends on many things,but it seems to be that primari-ly it depends on helping peoplework things out without turn-ing to artificial experiences orsupports. People can helppeople best i[ they learn howto relate effectively, interactcompassionately and honestly,and draw strength from the re-lationships they build with

towards drug abuse preventionis not much of a step at all,and it is everything. It is thehand that reaches out to touchanother."

The sense of belonging, ofcare for and from otherpeople, which is evidently sovital to all human beings, isperhaps best conveyedthrough the idea of family.

The term "family," how-ever, is not just the traditionalmother-father-children clus-ter; "family" means a processthat happens when people aredrawn together and interactbecause of common needs orinterests. In the military com-munity or "family," one com-monly hears that the Services"take care of their own." Inthis group, there is the po-tential foi help, respect, andoutlets for frustration. Themilitary Services have set Upprograms to help their mem-bers deal with drug abuse andto try to work things out usinghuman factors counselors,chaplains, and other Service-members, rather than usingmore drugs.

Openness and genuine inter-action between and amongpeople is what the "family"process is all about. It is thekind of behavior that can helppeople find alternatives tohandling problems withoutthe use of drugs.

Dr. Brian Mitchell, AssociateProfessor of Geophysics, St. LouisUniversity, will address the An-nual Business Meeting of theAmerican Geophysical Union atthe DMAAC Dining Hall onFebruary 24. His topic will be"Recent Developments in Earth-quake Predictions."

The meeting will be held from6:30 to B:00 p.m. It will be precededby a social hour from 4:30 to 5:30and dinner from 5:30 to 6:30.

Election of officers for twopositions will be held. Candidatesfor president-elect are: InezDimitrijevich and Ken Whitfield.

Candidates for secretary are:Charles Beierle and WilliamBoyer.

Louis Greco will assume thepresidency at this meeting.

See posters for tickets andfurther information.

CTS illamesTop Airman

Technical Sergeant Larry Valesof the Cartographic TechnicalSquadron in California has beenselected as his units non-commissioned officer of thequarter, according to the CTScommander.

Also selected for first term in-dividual of the quarter honors wasSergeant Lenor Underwood.

The honors were for the finalquarter of 1976.

Recent visitors to lhe Aerospace Cenler were four officers of lhelialian Air Force. The group, whlch included Ll. Col. IVlarioPerrone, Capts. Emanuele Boschi, Luigi Berlocchi, and PelronioMalagoli, received exlensive training in the many phases ofleature analysis. Upon completion of their lraining they returnedlo ltaly lo develop their own feature analysis program lo beheadquarlered in Florence. The inslructor was James Tapella,ACIBA.

Sauings Bonds Help the Nation

Page 4 OR IENTOR February 4,1977