so how do we tell what plants to eat or animals will eat .... 9... · latin or greek is used to...
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Ch. 9 Classification notes.notebook
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Classification!Sorting It All Out... Ch. 9‐1
So how do we tell what plants to eat or animals will eat you? We classify them so we can easily identify different organisms!
Strawber
ry!
Yum
! Deadly Nightshade berries...just like their name states, you can die from eating just a handful of these! Stay away!!!
Classification putting things in orderly groups based on similar characteristics
Why classify? * it helps scientists make
order and sense of the many types of living things in the world!
What are the levels of classification?
~ Check out the diagram to the right!
~The top is the broadest category...
*Life!!
~ The bottom is the most specific...
*species!!
~ we usually begin our
classification with "kingdom"
This is a cladogram - it shows one way to put the classifications in order and relate species together.
Notice that each characteristic is shared by the animals to the right of it.
C. Linnaeus in the 1700's came up with a way to put things in order.~ came up with the modern way of classifying living things called
taxonomy
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As we go through the classification system, the closer you get to the species name, the more specific you get.
For example:
Scientific Names
This leopard is classified under these names. It's official scientific name is Panthera pardus
No other organism on the planet has this genus and species name. This helps to identify organisms without confusion.
Latin or Greek is used to name organisms.~ the words used contain info about the organism~ "Panthera" means roughly "all the beasts" in
Greek~ "Pardus" is the name given by ancient people to
the leopard, and also means tawny or brown.
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How do we determine what an organism is if we don't know what it is?
Dichotomous Keys
use a dichotomous key!! * ID aid that uses sequential pairs of descriptive
statements* only 2 alternative responses for each statement* choose the statement that ID's your org. or move
on to the next set of statements!
EX:
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6 Kingdoms!9-2
These are the largest and most general groups!
1.) Animalia2.) Plantae3.) Protista4.) Fungi5.) Archaebacteria6.) Eubacteria
How are organism placed into their kingdoms?
Cell type, complex or simple Their ability to make food The number of cells in their body
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Animal Kingdom - the largest of all kingdoms!
~ over 1 million known species.
Members of the animal kingdom are found in the most diverse environments in the world.
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Without plants, life on Earth would not exist! Plants feed almost all the heterotrophs (organisms that eat other organisms) on Earth. Wow!
Plant Kingdom - second largest kingdom
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Archaebacteria Kingdom
Archaebacteria are found in extreme environments such as hot boiling water and thermal vents under conditions with no oxygen or highly acid environments.
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Most eubacteria are helpful. Some produce vitamins and foods like yogurt. However, these eubacteria, Streptococci pictured above, can give you strep throat!
Eubacteria Kingdom
** Eubacteria are classified in their own kingdom because their chemical makeup is different.
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Fungi are organisms that
biologists once confused with
plants, however, unlike plants,
fungi cannot make their own
food. Most obtain their food
from parts of plants that are
decaying in the soil.
Fungi Kingdom
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Kingdom Protista
Protists include all microscopic organisms that are not bacteria, not animals, not plants and not fungi.
Most protists are unicellular. You may be wondering why those protists are not classified in the Archaebacteria or Eubacteria kingdoms. It is because, unlike bacteria, protists are complex cells.