social groups, language, and religion chapter 4, section 2
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Social Groups, Language, and Religion
Chapter 4, Section 2
![Page 2: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How Society is Organized
• Every culture has a social structure– A way or organizing people into smaller
groups
• Each smaller group has particular tasks– Work together to get food– Protect the community– Raise children
• Social structure helps people work together to meet the basic needs of individuals, families, and communities
![Page 3: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Kinds of Families
• Different cultures have different definitions for “family”
• Nuclear family a mother, father, and their children– Common pattern in industrial nations such
as the USA, Great Britain, and Germany– Adults work outside of the home– Usually have money to buy what they need– Depend on the work of machines
![Page 4: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Kinds of Families
• Extended family several generations– Parents and their children, with
grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and other relatives who live close by
– Older people are very respected– Pass on traditions
• As rural people move to cities, nuclear families are becoming more common.
![Page 5: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Nuclear Family
Extended Family
![Page 6: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Kinds of Families
• Cultures also differ when deciding who is in charge of families– Patriarchal families men make most family
decisions– African and Native American cultures
matriarchal• Women have more authority than patriarchies
• Today, men and women have started to share family power and responsibility
![Page 7: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Matriarchal Family
Patriarchal Family
![Page 8: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Social Classes
• Social classes rank people in a culture
• A person’s status may come from such things as wealth, land, ancestors, or education
• Today, people can improve their status– Get a good education–Make more money–Marry someone of a higher class
![Page 9: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Language
• All cultures have language• Every culture is based on language
lets people communicate everything they need to share in their culture– A culture’s language reflects the things
that its people think are important
![Page 10: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Language• “snow” – English vs. Inuits of North
America– English = several adjectives for the
white stuff that falls in some places in winter
– Inuits = where they live, snow covers the ground for a good part of the year, making snow n important part of their environment than it is to people of other cultures; created words to meet their needs
![Page 11: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Language
• In some countries, people speak different languages– Culturally different in some ways from
other people in their country–May celebrate different festivals, wear
different clothes, or have different customs
![Page 12: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ways of Believing
• Values and Religion• Religion helps people understand the world– Can provide comfort and hope for people
facing difficult times– Helps answer questions about the meaning
and purpose of life– Helps define values that people believe are
important
• Religion guides people in values, standards of accepted behavior.
![Page 13: Social Groups, Language, and Religion Chapter 4, Section 2](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032414/56649ef45503460f94c06dad/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ways of Believing• Religious beliefs vary.– Christianity and Judaism = one god– Other religions worship more than one
god
• All religions have prayers and rituals• Every religion celebrates important
places and times.