social interaction. 5 types of social interaction 1. exchange: –receiving in return for an action...
TRANSCRIPT
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Social Interaction
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5 types of social interaction1. Exchange:
–Receiving in return for an action
–Reciprocity – (owe someone)–Exchange theory
• People are motivated by self-interest
• When cost of interaction outweighs benefit – end relationship
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5 types of social interaction
2.Competition–Multiple people try to attain a
goal only one can–Can be positive or negative
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5 types of social interactionConflict
–Deliberate attempt to control the will/actions of another
–4 sources: Georg Simmel• Wars• Groups• Legal disputes• ideology
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What is the difference between competition and conflict?
Think of an example of conflict that has existed in:
- family- school- U.S.- world
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5 types of social interaction4. Cooperation
–Working together to achieve a goal that will benefit many
5. Accommodation–Balance between cooperation
and conflict
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Forms of AccommodationCompromiseTruceMediationArbitration
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“Cooperation and accommodation is good;
competition and conflict are bad.”
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Types of Social Interaction
Exchange Competition
ConflictCooperation
Accommodations
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Formal Organizations
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Formal Organization = large, complex secondary group
What is a bureaucracy?Bureaucracy – ranked group
structure…operates according to specific rules and procedures
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“Everyone who has ever dealt with a bureaucracy seems to have complaints about them. Why is that?”
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If everyone has complaints about bureaucracies, why do they exist?–Most efficient way for large
numbers of people to achieve specific goals
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Weber’s Model
Division of laborRanking of authorityEmployment based on
formal qualificationsRules/regulationsPromotion
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Division of labor
Work is divided among specialists–Various positions
–Specific duties
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Ranking of authority
Clear cut lines of responsibility
Each individual reports to supervisor at a higher level
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Employment based on formal qualifications
Specific qualifications are given for each job
Individuals hired on basis of tests, education and/or experience
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Rules/regulations
Objective rules, regulations, and routine procedures–Exact responsibilities &
authority of each person on the staff
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Promotion
Clear-cut linesRemain with the organization
= job security & seniority
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List as many bureaucracies as you can think of that exist in American society.
What problems exist in some of these organizations?
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Arguments against bureaucracies
Self-Continuance..goals of individuals lost
Red TapeOligarchyParkinson’s Law
–Work expands to fill time available for completion
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Rationalization
When every aspect of human behavior becomes subject to measurement