social learning theory occupational therapy in community-based practice settings p.69-70
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Social Learning TheoryOccupational Therapy In Community-Based Practice Settings p.69-70
Rotter An individual’s expectations of the
consequences of a particular action determine whether that behavior was performed.
Bandura Self-efficacy: the individual’s
perception that he or she will be able to successfully perform a specific behavior
Expectancy The value an individual places on a
particular outcome Three types:
1. Efficacy expectations2. Outcome expectations3. Environmental expectations
Efficacy expectations
• An individual believes in his or her ability to perform a given behavior
• Successful accomplishment or a behavior enhances one’s expectation future endeavors
Outcome expectations
• The individual’s belief that a given will lead to specific outcomes
• High level of self-efficacy + internal locus of control → attempt to execute particular behavior
Environmental expectations
• How events are related to each other and what one may expect from any environment
Behavior change Direct: reinforcement Indirect: social modeling Self-management: individual monitor & self-
reward
Limitation Limited number of reliable and valid
instruments Lack of delineation of appropriate source of
modeling Insufficient description of the nature of
change
The development of a theory-based intervention to promote appropriate disclosure of a diagnosis of dementiaRobbie Foy, Jillian J Francis, Marie Johnston, Martin Eccles, Jan Lecouturier, Claire Bamford and Jeremy GrimshawBMC Health Services Research 2007, 7:207
Purpose: Develop an intervention to promote appropriate
disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia based on theoretical and empirical work
Methods: Conducted a questionnaire survey of older peoples'
mental health teams based on Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Social
Cognitive Theory (SCT)
Questionnaire survey Finding out what the patient already knows or
suspects about their diagnosis Using the actual words dementia or Alzheimer's
disease when talking to the patient Exploring what the diagnosis means to the
patient
Behavior change techniques
Modeling Graded task Action planning
Promoting a healthy diet and physical activity in adults with intellectual disabilities living in community residences: Design and evaluation of a cluster-randomized intervention
Liselotte Schäfer Elinder, Helena Bergström, Jan Hagberg, Ulla Wihlman and Maria HagströmerBMC Public Health 2010, 10:761
Purpose: the design and evaluation of a health
intervention aiming to improve diet and physical activity in this target group
Methods: The intervention is based on social cognitive
theory and takes 12-15 months to complete
1. Ten health education sessions for residents in their homes
2. the appointment of a health ambassador among the staff in each residence and formation of a network
3. a study circle for staff in each residence
Final results from the intervention study are expected in 2013.
Comparing Incarcerated and Community-DwellingOlder Men’s HealthSusan J. Loeb, Darrell Steffensmeier and Frank LawrenceWestern Journal of Nursing Research Volume 30 Number 2 March 2008
Purpose to compare incarcerated and community-dwelling older
men’s self-efficacy for health management, health-promotion behaviors and health status
Self-efficacy Perceived barriers(personal & situational) Anticipated benefits Health-promotion behaviors Health status
Methods 51 older male inmates(age 57) v.s. 33 community-
dwelling older men(age 72) Older Men’s Health Program and Screening Inventory
(OMHPSI; Loeb, 2003) Health promotion activities of older adults measure
(HPAOAM; Padula, 1997) Self-efficacy for health management
Results Inmates reported significantly less participation
in health-promotion behaviors (p < .01) and attended fewer programs (p < .05)
Self-rated health & Self-efficacy for health management: no significant difference
Conclusion Incarcerated men lacked of availability or
awareness of programs to build self-care skills and perceptions