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Social Monitoring Report Final Independent Monitoring Report January 2017

VIE: Mong Duong 1 Thermal Power Project

Prepared by the Development and Research & Consultancy Centre for Vietnam Electricity

Thermal Power Project Management Unit 1 and the Asian Development Bank.

This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not

necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be

preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any

designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the

Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status

of any territory or area.

DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH & CONSULTANCY CENTER

No. 1 Lieu Giai Str. Ba Dinh Dist. Ha Noi City, Vietnam

Phone No: (04)62730414 Fax: (04) 62730448

Email: [email protected]

------------------------------------------

FINAL REPORTON RESULTS OF EXTERNAL MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF

RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN AND LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION

PORGRAMIMPLEMENTATION

PROJECT

MONG DUONG 1 THERMAL POWER PLAN

MONG DUONG POWER CENTRE – QUANG NINH PROVINCE

HA NOI, 2016

2

Ha Noi,20 March 2016

Subject:Final report submitted by DRCC

For Independent monitoring and evaluation of RAP implementation and LRP

Mong Duong 1 Thermal Power Plant Project, QuangNinh Province.

TO: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB) IN HA NOI

THE THERMAL POWER PROJECTS MANAGEMENT BOARD1.

The Development Research and Consultancy Centre (DRCC) would like to submit the

final report on Independent monitoring and evaluation of RAP and LRP implementation for

theMong Duong 1 Thermal Power Plant Project, QuangNinh Province.

Your consideration and opinions would be highly appreciated.

Yours truly,

DIRECTOR

Nguyen Hong Quang

3

TABLES OF CONTENTS

TABLES OF CONTENTS ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................. 4

SUMMARY......................................................................................................................... 5

PART I................................................................................................................................. 6

INTRODUCTION, OBJECTIVES, INDEPENDENT MONITORING METHODS ........ 6

PART II ............................................................................................................................... 9

EVALUATION OF COMPENSATION, ASSISTANCE AND RESETTELMENT

AFTER SITE CLEARANCE .............................................................................................. 9

PART III ............................................................................................................................ 16

ASSESSMENT OF LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PROGRAM ................................ 16

PART IV............................................................................................................................ 39

CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS VÀ LESSONS LEARNED........................ 39

APPENDIX ....................................................................................................................... 41

4

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB

AH

AP

Asian Development Bank

Affected household

Affected person

PMU Project Management Unit

DRCC Development Research and Consultancy

Centre

DCARB District Compensation Assistance Resettlement

Board

TOR Terms of Reference

RP

LRP

Resettlement Plan

Livelihood Restoration Program

PC People’s Committee

CLFD

CSR

DMS

GoV

FWSS

CWDC

EVN

TPP

SPS

Centre of Land Fund Development

Compensation, Assistance and Resettlement

Detailed Measurement Survey

Government of Vietnam

Freshwater supply system

Cooling water discharge channel

Electricity of Vietnam

Thermal power plant

Safeguard Policy Statement

5

SUMMARY

This final report is preparedfor independent monitoring results of the implementation of

compensation and land acquisition and livelihood restoration program of affected households by

Mong Duong 1 Thermal Power Plant, located in Mong Duong Ward, Cam Hai and Cong Hoa

Communes, Cam Pha City, QuangNinh Province. The final report (12th monitoring) aims to

describethe overall progress of the project; results of compensation and site clearance

implementation in main plant area; auxiliary components and freshwater supply system;

evaluation oflivelihood restoration program after site clearance; review ofthe resolution for

pending issues as described in the 11thmonitoring and evaluation report (if any) and new ones

arising during this monitoring and evaluation; and recommendations and lessons learned.

The report is dividedinto 4 parts:

o Part I: Overview: Introduction, Objectives, Monitoring and Evaluation Methods

o Part II:General Evaluation of Resettlement Plan regarding land

acquisition,compensation, and resettlement for the entire project after site clearance.

Pending and arising issues related to site clearance and compliance with RP of main

plant components and auxiliary components, and freshwater supply system.

o Part III: Evaluation of livelihood restoration program for entire project including main

plant area, auxiliary components, and freshwater supply system.

o Part IV: Conclusion, recommendations and lessons learned

6

PART I

INTRODUCTION, OBJECTIVES, INDEPENDENT MONITORING METHODS

I.1. INTRODUCTION

Mong Duong 1 Thermal Power Project (hereinafter referred to as the Project), which

was approved by the Government of Vietnam (GoV) and commenced since 2008, islocated in

Mong Duong Ward, Cam PhaCity, QuangNinh Province. The Project used Official Development

Assistance (ODA) financed by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) witha total amount ofUSD

930,710,000 USD, approved on September 21, 2007, including two loans for the construction of

(i) Mong Duong 1 (MD1) thermal power plant using 1000 megawatt (MW) circulating fluidized

bed boilers (CFB); and (ii) Shared infrastructure components for Mong Duong 1 plant and Mong

Duong 2 plant in the same complex invested by an USA private company. Components include

the main plant, freshwater supply system (FWSS), Cooling Water Discharge Channel (CWDC),

ash pond, and a fence between the boundaries of MD1 and MD2.

The loan for Tranche1, which was signed on 9 October 2007 with the amount of USD

27,860,000, ensures satisfactory completion of the following components: (i) Levelling the

layout for constructing the power plant, intake and discharge canals; (ii) Technical consultancy

services for phase 1; (iii) Electricity supply system for construction sites; (iv) PMU and

consultancy offices; and (v) Internal roads ofMongDuong thermal power plant complex

connecting with the National Highway 18.

The USD 902,850,000 loan for Tranche2 was signed on 9 November 2010 for the

following components: (i), Engineering, procurement, and construction contract (EPC) for MD1

thermal power plant; (ii) Technical consultancy services for phase 2; (iii) FWSS; (iv) CWDC); (v)

Ash pond and (vi) Fence surrounding MD1 thermal power plant.

To date, the construction ofMong Duong 1 thermal power plant has beencompleted and

came into operation, and officially synchronized to the national power system by the end of

2015; thereby, contributing a significant amount of power to the national grid. MD1 TPP also

has the largest capacity in Vietnam compared to other thermal power plant systemsof the

country. MD 1 TPP is invested by theElectricity of Vietnam (EVN) and assigned to Power

Generation Corporation 3 (GENCO 3)todirectlymanage and operate the plant.

At the present time, the compensation, assistance, and resettlement for main plant area,

cooling water channel, cooling water discharge channel, ash pond, freshwater supply system

and auxiliary components have been completed incompliance with the policy framework of the

7

Project. Livelihood restoration program for severely affected households has been conducted

and achieved certain results.

I.2. OBJECTIVES OF THE TWELFTH MONITORING

The overall objectives of the 12th monitoring are to:

Review outstandingissues as mentioned in the 11thmonitoring and resolved issues. The

follow-up direction and plan to resolve these pending issues are also provided.

Verify, monitor and evaluate whether the compensation, assistance, and

resettlementimplementation for components that have been and being carried outare

compliedwith the RP policies of the Project.

Verify whether the RP with proposed mitigation measures ensures the fairness and

providesassistances for APs in order to improve, or at least restore,their living standardsto the

pre-project level.

Evaluate the effectiveness, impacts, and sustainability of the resettlement and LRP for

entire Project. Provide recommendations forthe resettlement implementation of thenext

components of the Project (if any) and lessons learned.

8

I.3. MONITORING METHODOLOGY

The External Monitoring Agency (EMA) used the following methods: review of secondary

documentation (desk study), sociological survey method, and field visit (interviews, observation,

and consultation with local officials and affected household…)

The EMA has conducted desk study, observed, met, and interviewed the stakeholders

and AHs to review the compensation payment activities, LRP for severelyAHs, queries and

complaints of AHs, and monitor the RP implementation of households affected by main plant,

auxiliary components, and freshwater supply system (including water pipeline and freshwater

reservoir…).

Key informants include:

TPMB1at the Main Office located at the Management House of Mong Duong Power

Centre.

Mong Duong Ward People’s Committee (Ward PC), Cam Hai Commune People’s

Committee (CPC), Cong Hoa Commune People’s Committee;

Cam Pha CityCompensation, Assistance, and Resettlement Board (CCARB) atCam Pha

City PC’s office;

Sociologicalsurveyand interview withseverely AHs and someslightly affected

households, with focus on those with outstanding issues and complaints.

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PART II

EVALUATION OF COMPENSATION, ASSISTANCE AND RESETTELMENT

ACTIVITIES

II.1. SUMMARY OF THE NUMBER OF AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS AND LAND

ACQUISITION IMPACTS

Land acquisition ofMong Duong TPP is divided into 2 phases: (i) Phase 1: Site

clearance for main plant area and auxiliary components,(ii)Phase 2: Site clearancefor

freshwater component (FWC) including water pipeline and reservoir area. Summary ofthe

number of AHs by components is presented in Table 1 below.

Table1: Summary of affected and relocated households by components

No. ComponentTotalAHs

TotalAPs

Totalrelocatedhousehol

ds

Totalseverely

AHs

Total AHsreceived

compensation,assistance

Note

I Main plant area 53 261 15 24 53

1.1 Main plant 21 111 5 13 211.2 River diversion 2 9 0 0 21.3 Cooling water channel 1 4 0 0 11.4 Discharge channel 16 53 6 8 161.5 Ash pond 13 93 4 6 13II Auxiliary components 101 101

2.1 Management house and staffhousearea

19 67 3 9 19

2.2 35kV Electricity Line 24 72 0 0 242.3 110kVTransmission Line 4 15 0 0 42.4 Spoil disposal site 15 36 0 0 152.5 Discharge channel (end part) 19 52 1 3 192.6 Additional discharge channel

(acquire more land)11 42 0 0 11

2.7 Additional discharge channel (flood) 4 14 0 0 42.8 Containment dyke for ash pond 4 16 0 0 42.9 Connection to the National Highway

181 1 0 0 1

VIII Freshwater Component (FWC) 195 731 37 117 195Total 349 1297 56 153 349

Phase 1: Acquisition of land of 154 AHs was carried out for construction of the main plant

area and auxiliary components. Out of which, 53 households are affected at the main plant area

including 15 relocated households; and 101 households affected by the auxiliary components,

including four (04) relocated households. Site clearance for phase 1 started in 2008 and completed

by the end of 2013.

10

Phase 2: Land acquisition of 195 households for the implementation of the FWC. Out of

which, a total of 65 AHs are affected by the pipeline component and 130 are affected by the

freshwater reservoir in the Residential Quarter 10 of Mong Duong Ward, including 37 relocated

households.Regarding land acquisitionof phase 2, DMS wascarried out in 2010 and finished by

the end of 2014.

The land acquisition process for both phases has complied with the procedures and

legal framework of the Project. During project preparation, the Social and Environment

Safeguards documents (RP and EIA) have been fully and properly prepared. During land

acquisition process, activities including DMS, compensation plan preparation,submission of

compensation plansfor appraisal and approval, and compensation/assistance payment,have

been seriously and properly carried out under the policy framework of GoV, QuangNinhPPC,

and ADB.

Table 2: Summary of compensation, assistance, and resettlement costs

No Component TotalAHs

Planedarea

Affected landarea by

Decision ofland

acquisition(ha)

Total costsofcompensation,assistance for

HHs/organizations(VND)

Note

I Main plant area 53 277.01 269.40 91,349,972,800

IIAuxiliarycomponents

101 70.25 70.25 17,783,007,900

VIII FWC 195 187.19 187.19 105,483,244,300

Total 349 534.45 526.84 263,496,220,342.00

Total land area planned for the construction of Mong Duong TPP was 534.45 ha. The

total land area of HHs/organizations acquiredin accordance withland acquisition decisions of

QuangNinhPPC for both phases was 526.84ha. In which: Land area acquired for main plant

area, auxiliary components, and freshwater reservoir system were 269.40 ha, 70.25 ha, and

187.19 ha, respectively.

Total amount for compensation/assistance payment was VND 263,496,220,342.Out of

which, the compensation and assistance cost for the main plant area wasVND 91,349,972,800;

forauxiliary components were VND 17,783,007,900 VND; and for FWC wasVND

105,483,244,300.

11

The compensation and assistance have been fully paid for 349 affected households of

both phases. To date, there is no additional query and complaint; the AHs have settled down

and their incomes have been improved compared to the pre-project level.

II.2. LAND ACQUISITION AND COMPLIANCE WITH RESETTLEMENT PLAN

II.2.1. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, PUBLIC CONSULTATION, DMS AND

COMPENSATION PLAN PREPARATION

o Information disclosure:

Information disclosure for Mong Duong 1 TPP was conducted in accordance with

procedures. During RP updating process, TPMB1 hascoordinated with Cam PhaCCARB – now

called Centre of Land Fund Development (CLFD) of Cam Pha City and local authorities in order

to disseminate project information to people in the project area. Key information of the Project as

well as resettlement plan have been disseminated to all affected households through the

distribution of the Project Information Booklets (PIBs) and public posting at the commune/ward

offices and public places.

CLFD of Cam Pha City have copied and stamped the compensation dossiers and then

distributed to the AHs for reference and keeping. The CLFD has also organized public meetings,

posted notices, and compensation rates and policies at the project wards/communes as well as at

the residential groups; together with Poyry to disseminate information and hold public

consultations regarding compensation, resettlement, and livelihood restoration activities.

Basically, information disclosure to local people was conducted in compliance with procedures

and RP; most of interviewed AHs were aware of theproject information and their entitlements.

o Public consultation:

Key topics at the public meetings and consultations included project planning, legal

documents as rationale for land acquisition implementation, funding, compensation and

assistance policies, project implementationschedule, entitlements and responsibilities of

theAHs, and grievances redress mechanism. PCs of Mong Duong Ward, Cong Hoa Commune,

Cam Hai Commune, and Cam Pha CCARB as well as the Project Owner and consulting

agencies have directly disseminated, attended meetings, and received people’s opinions and

feedback.

o Participation of AHs:

AHs have participated in information disclosure meetingsand public consultations. 100%

of AHs sent their representatives to participate in DMS process and sign DMS records, and

compensation/assistance payment vouchers.

o Detailed measurement survey (DMS):

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DMS process: DMS was conducted by a working group comprisingrepresentative of

CARB of Cam PhaCity, representatives of some departments, agencies, and organizations,

chairmen of Ward/Commune PCs, leaders of residential groups, representative of the Project

Owner, and affected households. The DMS working group was responsible for determining the

exactamount of each type of lost assets, preparingDMS records signed by participants and

affected households,and preparing compensation plans.

o Accuracy of DMS:

The DMS process was conducted equitably and publicly. The records were signed

sufficiently by the participants and posted publicly. In case of queries regarding the affected

assets, the DMS working group would directly meet the households to verify, determine, and

confirm the amount of losses.

Types of impacts were various, including residential land, garden land, agricultural land,

forestry land, and land for aquaculture, trees and crops, houses and structures, and particularly,

56 householdshave to relocate (including the main plant area, auxiliary components, and FWC).

o Price establishment and compensation payment

Approval for compensation and assistance plans for the Project has been implemented

based on legal documents of GoV, social safeguard policies of ADB, and decisions issued by

QuangNinhPPCannually and applied at the time of DMS, price application, and compensation

paymentfor affected organizations/households to ensure full replacement cost so that they are

not disadvantaged and worse off.

II.2.2.LAND ACQUISITION AND COMPLIANCE WITH RP OF MAINT PLANT AND

AUXILIARY COMPONENTS

Compensation of the first phase for acquisition of 269.4 ha of land for the construction of

main plant area and 70.25 ha for auxiliary components (staff area, cooling water supply channel,

cooling water discharge channel, ash pond, the ending part of discharge channel, spoil disposal

site, 110kV transmission line, etc.) has been completed since 2013; to date, there is no pending

issue.

Compensation and assistance have been implemented based on legal documents of

GoV, ADB policies and approval decisions issued by QuangNinhPPC and Cam PhaCity PC and

in compliance with the approved RP. To date, compensation payment has been completed. A

total of154 AHs/organizations (including 53 AHs in the main plant area and 101

AHs/organizations of auxiliary components) received compensation and assistance. Relocated

households have built new houses and settled down, severely AHs as well as relocated AHs have

13

restored their livelihoods. Most of the households have better incomes and living standards than

the pre-project level.

II.2.3. LAND ACQUISITION AND COMPLIANCE WITH RP OF FRESHWATER COMPONENT

FWC construction has been signed by the TPMB1 with Song Da No. 11 Joint Stock

Company (JSC) on 11 October 2012 with construction duration of 18 months. To date, the system

has been completed andsupplied water for Mong Duong Power Centre since 27 April 2014. Land

acquisition and RP implementation for FWC construction (including the pipeline system and

freshwater reservoir located in Mong Duong Ward and Cong Hoa Commune) has been completed

since 2014. Allof 195HHs/organizations (one organization is Cam PhaForestry Ltd Company)

affected by construction of FWC have received compensation, 37 relocated households affected by

reservoir have built new houses and settled down. Livelihood restoration activities have been

commenced and achieved good outcomes.

The majority of the AHs have expressed their satisfaction and support towards the Project. As

of now, there is no complaint or grievance except for some expectations of the APs which have

been being considered by the Project Owner.

II.2.4. ASSISTANCES

Different assistancesas per ADB’s policy framework, including relocation assistance for

relocated households, life stability supports, job changing supports, and allowances

forvulnerablehouseholds, etc. have been adequately provided by Cam Pha CCARB in

coordination with TPMB1as per RP for households/organizations affected by components of

both phases.

II.2.5. LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION

Livelihood Restoration Program (LRP) prepared by Poyry and approved by ADB for

severelyAHs and relocated HHs of both phases have been adequately implemented.

Livelihood restoration activities, including agriculture and forestry extension programs,

vocational training, and veterinary specialist training, etc., have been carried out for the

households affected in the main plant area and auxiliary components. Theorganizers of these

programs have worked with local authorities of Mong Duong Ward, Cam Hai Commune and Cong

Hoa Commune regarding veterinary training and additional members for livelihood restoration

board.The implementation of these programs have achieved certain results. Although veterinary

training has been provided for land lost HHs, they did not want to participate. According to

provisions of PPC, job changing supports in cash equivalent to two (02) times of the rates of

affected agricultural land have been provided in an adequate manner. However, loan access

program had difficulties due to a lack of funding sources(there is no agency providing loans in

14

relation to mortgaged properties). As reported by TPMB1, LRP was not effective and suitable for

the local area, which is an Industry Park, where local people mainly rely onbusinesses and mining

enterprises.

Training courses, including guidance on cultivation, livestock husbandry, cooking,

motorcycle and car repairing, etc. for HHs affected by FWC, have been organized by theProject

Owner in coordination d with Mong Duong CPC. The affected households have been invitedto

participate in the LRP training courses and register for vocational training. The implementation of

these programs have achieved certain results. (Details will be presented in the Evaluation of LRP

for both phases).

II.2.6. GRIEVANCE RESOLUTION

During the implementation process of site clearance, many meetings and consultations

have been conducted for households affected by components of both phases (main plant,

auxiliary components, and FWC). These meetings and consultations have been held by Cam

Pha CCARB, project implementation consultant, TPMB1, and Commune/Ward PCs. The

meetings focused on explainingAPs’ questions regarding compensation rates,

compensation/assistance policies, and project information dissemination. During the monitoring,

some AHs who had queries as above have been considered and solved by Cam Pha CCARB in

cooperation with TPMB1 and Mong Duong Ward PC. Until the 10th monitoring (November

2013), most of the queries and complaints have been solved. At the monitoring time (January

2016), there is no complaint and query; all of the interviewed households have expressed their

total supports to the Project.

II.2.7. INTERAL MONITORING

Through desk study, the EMArecognized that:

(i) With regard to TPMB1, at their office of the main plant in Cua Ong Ward, Cam

PhaCity, the document was stored sufficiently; Cam Pha CCARB supplied

information frequently and adequately for the PMB.

(ii) Reporting regime from the stakeholders to TPMB1 was in a frequent and timely

manner.

(iii) Legal documents issued by City and Province PCs and grievances of

households in the project area are stored adequately.

II.2.8. RESETTLEMENT

All of relocated HHs in main plant area and freshwater reservoir area located in Quarter

10, Mong Duong Ward haveresettled by themselves according to their wishes through meetings

with CCARB and there is registration application of these households (which were sent to

15

households by Project Owner and Mong Duong Ward PC). Therefore, a resettlement site is not

needed as all of the relocated households have opted to self-relocation.

Self-relocatedhouseholds have been assisted as follows: each relocated household, on

top of their compensation for land, house, and assets attached to land, is provided with cash

assistance of VND90 million (following the Decree No.69/2009/ND-CP issued by GoV and

Decision No.499/2010/QD-UBND issued by PPC) for self-relocation. However, there are

differences in each area, and location of the land plot based on land price issued by PPC (for

example, Mong Duong Ward: VND 90 million, Communes: VND 75 million).

All of the resettlement assistance were paid in cash for AHs. To date, relocated HHs

have built their new houses, settled down and had better income. Most of the relocated HHs are

satisfied and support the Project.

16

PART III

ASSESSMENT OF LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PROGRAM

III.1. ASSESSMENT OF LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PROGRAM IN MAIN PLANT

AREA (Phase 1)

III.1.1. SURVEY METHODOLOGY

III.1.1.1. Identification of affected household

The total 53 affected households and organizations of this component included 40

affected households and 13 public and private organizations. Out of which, 15 households have

to relocate, most of whom are residents of Mong Duong Ward. However, a resettlement site is

not required as all of these households opted to self-relocation.

During the site visit, the EMAhas worked with TPMB1, cadastral officials, Mong Duong

Ward authority, in cooperation with village and residential group leaders in the affected area to

make a check list of AHs in main plant area. This check list has been served as the basis for the

survey of HHs living the affected area and vicinity.At the survey time, there were only 33 HHs

living in Mong Duong Ward while the others have moved to other places.

III.1.1.2.Survey Methodology

The survey were conducted using sociological survey method with sample size of33/40

AHs (accounting for 82.5%), equivalent to 33 HHs living in this area.

III.1.2. DEMOGRAPHIC AND OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE AFFECTED

PERSONS

o The number of persons and household size:

The survey of livelihood and income restoration of phase1 was conducted at Mong

Duong Ward with 33 households whoselands, houses, and structures were affected by land

acquisition for the construction of TPP 1.

There were total of 135 persons with average household size of 4.09 persons. In

particular, HHs with 3 persons accounted for39.4% while HHs with 4 and 5 persons were 30.3%

and 18.2%, respectively. The percentages of HHs with 6 persons and HHs with 7 persons each

were equivalent to 6.1%

Table 3: Persons and household size

The number of persons The number of household Proportion % Average

3 13 39.44.09

4 10 30.3

17

The number of persons The number of household Proportion % Average

5 6 18.2

6 2 6.1

7 2 6.1

Total 33 100.0

o The population structure by age, ethnic minority and gender

The age structure of the APs from the survey is presented in Table 4. The household

members in working age that are classified by age that have the ability to converse

occupations.

Results of data processing showed that group in working age have highest percentage;

out of which, the members in the 18-30 age group accounted for 28.9% while those in the 31-60

age group made up 42.2%. In particular, the rate of male/female is quite balance. In addition,

Kinh people make up the majority of the population with 129 persons of 31 HHs (95.6%). There

are 2 ethnic minority HHs (including 1 Dao HH and 1 TayHH) composed of6 persons

(accounting for 4.4%).

Table4. Age structure by gender and ethnic minority

Age

Gender Ethnic Minority

Male Female Total

Kinh

people

Tay, Dao

people Total

0-5 years old4 5 9 9 0 9

44.4% 55.6% 100.0% 0.0%

6-10 years old4 4 8 8 0 8

50.0% 50.0% 100.0% 0.0%

11-14 years old8 2 10 10 0 10

80.0% 20.0% 100.0% 0.0%

15-17 years old3 2 5 5 0 5

60.0% 40.0% 100.0% 0.0%

18-30 years old21 18 39 36 3 39

53.8% 46.2% 92.3% 7.7%

31-60 years old30 27 57 56 1 57

52.6% 47.4% 98.2% 1.8%

Over 60 years old3 4 7 5 2 7

42.9% 57.1% 71.4% 28.6%

Total73 62 135 129 6 135

54.1% 45.9% 100.0% 95.6% 4.4% 100.0%

18

o Level of education and occupational structure

For income and livelihood restoration program, occupational structure of AH members is

very important, whichshows the job shifting trend of peoplein the project area. Occupation of

APs have been influenced by their level of education and training, which in turn shall decide

their occupations/working areas.

o Educational attainmentof affected household members

The results show that members finished secondary school and high school make up the

majority with 31% and 33 %, respectively, these people are mostly spouses of the household

heads; followed by members who completed primary school with the percentage of 15% while

there are a few people who have college and university education, accounting for 11%. They

are mainly APs from the younger generation of these households.

o Occupation before and after the Project

Land acquisition directly affected the production activities and occupations of the APs.

Prior to land acquisition, 12.6% of the HHs had been engaged in agriculture, which is reduced

to 7.4%. These AHs are mainly engaged in farming on the land area outside the project area.

The unemployment rate has increased from 0.7% to 3.0% after the Project. Similarly, the

proportion of people who stay at home as housewives has increased by3%. Due to impacts on

agriculture, people shifted to business and serviceswith the significant boost from 3.7% at the

pre-project time to 10.4% after the project. Some household members chose a new path for

their occupations; however, due to lack of professional skills, many people have come to the

free labour market (increased by3% after the project)

Table5. Occupation of household members before and after the Project

Occupation

Household member

Post-project Pre-project

Under the working age 17 12.6% 17 12.6%

Cultivation 2 1.5% 17 12.6%

Cultivation and livestock husbandry 1 0.7% 1 0.7%

Handicraft 7 5.2% 7 5.2%

Business and services 14 10.4% 5 3.7%

Housewife 12 8.9% 8 5.9%

Pupil, student 25 18.6% 32 23.7%

Free labour 18 13.3% 14 10.4%

Worker 11 8.1% 19 14.1%

Civil servant 4 3.0% 4 3.0%

19

Occupation

Household member


Soldier, police 2 1.5% 0 0%

Repairer 1 0.7% 0 0%

Retired 10 7.4% 2 1.5%

Loss of working capacity 1 0.7% 0 0%

Driver 5 3.7% 5 3.7%

Unemployed 4 3.0% 1 0.7%

Others 1 0.7% 3 2.2%

Total 135 100% 135 100%

o Qualifications and working area

The survey result shows that one half of people are unskilled labors who have not

received vocational training. Their incomes mainly come from household economy and free

labour. The number of members who have intermediate level/technical workersaccounts for one

third of total number (28.1%), these people mainly work at state enterprises (coal enterprises

and forest plantation) located in Cam Pha City. The proportions of people have intermediateand

advanced levels make up 3.7% and 5.9%, respectively, mainly working for state and private

companies.

Table6.Qualification and working area of APs

Current working

areaNumber Percentage Qualification Number Percentage

Under working age 17 12.6% Under working age 17 12.6%

State enterprise 7 5.2% Not received vocational training 67 49.6%

State agency 8 5.9% Elementary level 5 3.7%

Private enterprise 11 8.1% Intermediate/Technical worker 38 28.1%

Cooperative 2 1.5% Advanced level 8 5.9%

Household 83 61.5%

Others 7 5.2%

Total 135 100.0% Total 135 100.0%

o Woman-headed household and poor household

At the assessment time, the survey result showed that there are 8 woman-headed

households, in which 2 of them are single women raising children belonging to Kinh

group. Ofthe total of 33 HHs, there are no poor households.

o Handing over land/houses/assets time

20

When being asked about the time of handing over site for the Project, more than 50% of

the respondents did not remember the exact time, 36.4% said that they handed over in

2009 and 12.1% said that the handing over time was 2008.

Table7.Pre-project and current houses

Type

Pre-project Current

Percent

age(%)

Area

(m2)

Constructi

on year

Perce

ntage

Area

(m2)

Construction

year

Thatched and bamboo cottage

Temporary house

Wooden house

Grade-IV house with steel roof

Grade-IV house with tiled roof

One-storey house with flat roof

Two-storey house and above

3.0

9.1

0

27.3

51.5

6.1

3.0

57.8 1996-200521.2

24.2

24.2

30.3

94.7 2008-2012

Compared to the pre-project time, the current houses of AHs are regarded as better.

Prior to land acquisition, 51.5% of HHs had Grade-IV houses with tiled roof while the HHs who

had 1-2 storey houses with flat roof accounted for more than 10%, which is also equivalent to

the number of HHs owned thatched cottages and temporary houses. Currently, as the project

has been completed, several HHs used their compensation money to build new houses, more

than 50% of HHs have 1-2 storey houses with flat roof while thatched and temporary houses

had no longer existed. At pre-project time, HHs built their houses in 1996-2005 with the average

area of57.8 m2 whilst houses were built in 2008-2012 with average area of 94.7m2 after the

project implementation.

III.1.3.COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT

o Information disclosure

Prior to project implementation, the project information has been disseminated to 100%

of the AHs through the following forms:

Table8: Forms of information disclosure

Forms Percentage

Distributingleaflets about the Project information 3.0%

Distributing PIBs regarding project information, policies, and entitlements 0.0%

Broadcasting information through loudspeakers in commune, village/hamlet 18.2%

21

Forms PercentageDoor-to-door disseminating about project information and policies by the projectofficials/local authorities 33.3%

Local authorities/Project holding meetings with people in order to disclose information 100%

Local authorities/Project conducting consultations to receive opinions of AHs 60.6%

TPMB1coordinated with CLFD of Cam Pha City and Mong Duong Ward PC held

meetings with local people for information and policies disclosure. AHs have received

information through various forms of disclosure.75.8% of the respondents assessed that the

information disclosure was quite adequate, 21.2% said that the dissemination was very

adequate, while only 3% said that such activity was not sufficient. The project information

dissemination activities have helped the AHs easily understand the project impacts and their

entitlements.

o Detailed measurementsurvey(DMS) andcompensation plan preparation

When being asked about DMS, 100% of the respondents confirmed that they

haveparticipated in DMS activities with CCARB and signed the DMS records. These AHs also

confirmed that they have referred to the compensation plan before receiving the compensation

money and the plan has correctly showed the amount of affected assets and compensation

rates.The compensation planshave been posted publicly at Mong Duong Ward PC Office.

Regarding grievance procedures related to compensation, assistance, and resettlement, 54.5%

of respondentswere aware of this procedure while the rest, 45.5%, did not know. Out of which,

four (04) AHs had queries and complaints related to the followings: two (02) HHs lodged

complaints to Mong Duong Ward PC regarding low compensation rates, 1 HH was concerned

about the flood control plan for discharge channel area which required additional land

acquisition, and anotherhad query related to deduction of agricultural land use tax when

receiving compensation. After CCARB received the complaints, they have advocated and

explained to the aggrieved AHs to resolve the issues in a satisfactory manner to the AHs. To

date, there is no outstanding complaint.

o Magnitude of impacts on occupations, livelihoods, and income sources of AHs

Table 9. Type and magnitude of impacts on occupations and livelihoods

TypeMagnitude of impacts

TotalSevere Insignificant

Relocated13 0 13

39.4% 0.0% 39.4%

Relocating and losing 10% or more than 10%of productive landholdings

2 0 2

6.1% 0.0% 6.1%

Impacts on residential land/structures 8 2 10

22

TypeMagnitude of impacts

TotalSevere Insignificant

(relocation is not required) 24.2% 6.1% 30.3%

Losing 10% or more of their productivelandholdings

4 1 5

12.1% 3.0% 15.2%

Losing less than 10% of their productivelandholdings

0 2 2

0.0% 6.1% 6.1%

Impacts on residential land/structure(relocation is not required) and losing 10% ormore of their productive landholdings.

0 1 1

0.0% 3.0% 3.0%

Total27 6 33

81.8% 18.2% 100.0%

The survey result shows that out of the total 33 households, 27 are severely affected.

Out of which, 15 households have to relocate, including two relocated households who lost 10%

or more of their productive landholdings. The severely affected households had to find new jobs

as well as livelihood sources, accounting for 81.8%. 15 households have to relocate, making up

45.5%; eight AHs whose residential land/structures are affected but do not have to relocate,

representing 24.2%; the number of AHs losing more than 10% of productive landholdings

occupies 12.1% while two (02) AHs, or 6.1%, have to relocate and at the same time lose more

than 10% of their productive landholdings. The slightly affected households who are able to

maintain their current jobs and income sources accounted for 18.2%.

Table10. Types and magnitude of impacts on incomes

Type

Magnitude of impacts

TotalLost 50-100%of income

level

Lost 10-50%of income

level

Lost <10%of income

level

Relocated13 0 0 13

39.4% 0.0% 0.0% 39.4%

Relocating and losing 10% or morethan 10% of productive landholdings

2 0 0 2

6.1% 0.0% 0.0% 6.1%

Impacts on residential land/structures(relocation is not required)

7 3 0 10

21.2% 9.1% 0.0% 30.3%

Losing 10% or more of their productivelandholdings

4 1 0 5

12.1% 3.0% 0.0% 15.2%

Losing less than 10% of theirproductive landholdings

0 0 2 2

0.0% 0.0% 6.1% 6.1%

Impacts on residential land/structure(relocation is not required) and losing10% or more of their productivelandholdings.

0 1 0 1

0.0% 3.0% 0.0% 3.0%

Total 26 5 2 33

23

Type

Magnitude of impacts

TotalLost 50-100%of income

level

Lost 10-50%of income

level

Lost <10%of income

level78.8% 15.2% 6.1% 100.0%

Of the total 33 surveyed households, 78.8% said that they have lost 50% to100% income; most

of whom are severely affected households who have to relocate and at the same time lose

more than 10% of their agricultural landholdings. Those losing from 10% to 50% of their income

levels accounted for 15.2%, most of whom are AHs affected on residential land/structures but

do not have to relocate (9.1%). The remaining 6.1% are slightly AHs who lost less than 10% of

productive landholdings as well as less than 10% of their income levels. Compensation and

assistance for affected households

According to data provided by the TPPMB1 and from the previous monitoring batches

for 40 AHs in the main plant area, the total acquired area is 1,196,995.80 (m2) equivalent to the

amount of VND 67,181,575,600D. In which the compensation cost for lands is VND

15,448,934,800.

Total11: Types of acquired land and compensation amount

Type of land Number of HHs Amount (VND

Residential land 17 1,740,165,000

Garden land 16 3,395,473,900

Agricultural land 11 1,023,264,100

Forestry land 12 2,156,303,100

Aquacultural land 9 2,559,341,500

Others 11 4,574,387,200

Total 76 15,448,934,800

Total compensation amount for affected houses, structures, and other assets of AHs is

VND 50,463,640,800.

Table 12: Types of assets and compensation amount

Assets Number of AHs Amount (VND)

Structure 39 41,840,742,468

House 25 1,790,078,232

Other assets 39 6,832,820,100

Total 103 50,463,640,800

Total assistance amount for 15 relocated HHs is VND 1,270,000,000 including life

stability supports, rental allowances, relocation allowances, and other supports.

Table 13: Type of assistances

Assistance Number of AHs Amount (VND)

24

Assistance Number of AHs Amount (VND)

Life stability 15 52,950,000

Rental allowance 15 98,800,000

Relocation allowance 15 45,750,000

Assistance for beneficiary HHs of social policies 0 0

Bonus for timely handing over site 0 0

Others 15 1,072,500,000

Total 60 1,270,000,000

After receiving compensation, 39.4% of the surveyedHHs decided to invest but the

others (60.6%) did not. In which, 27.3% of the HHs invested in business establishment and

business expansion; 9.1% depositedtheir savings in bank, and 3.0% invested in other sectors.

Among these households, business investment broughtthe highest average profits while those

who deposited their compensation at the bank as savings expected to get monthly interest that

enough for them ensure their lives. The remaining AHs did not invest but used the

compensation to build and repair houses, pay debts, spend on daily expenses, buy essential

furniture, and especially, several HHs use the compensation money to spend on their children’s

education.

Table 14. Investment and using the compensation amount of affected households

Purpose

The average

investment

amount/month

(VND)

Percentage of

respondents

(%)

The average

profit/month

(VND)

Transferring money to relatives or lending

money to fiends0 0 0

Bank savings 14,485,000 9.1 1,267,000

Opening/expanding business 320,000,000 27.3 9,500,000

Other investment sectors 4,500,000 3.0 0

Paying debt 90,424,000 42.4

Spending on daily needs (food, clothes,

building and repairing house...)

8,700,000 12.1

o Resettlement and livelihood restoration

Among 33 surveyed AHs, 15 relocated households have received compensation and

moved to new places. Out of which, 13 households have relocated within the area of Mong

Duong Ward whereas two (02) AHs relocated out of the ward. Among these 15 households,

four (04) built houses on their land plots outside the affected area and eight (08) AHs bought

new land to build houses, and three (03) households have been given land by their relatives.

25

Among the surveyed AHs, 53.3% have received advices and assistances in relocation

and information regarding LRP activities. Out of which, 75% of the respondents have received

advices and supports from the ward/city authorities while 25% from

relatives/neighborhoods/friends.

For HHs that their lands have been acquired, they have received assistances in order to

restore income and create favorable conditions for them to settle down, develop production and

improve living standards after the project. 87.2% of the respondents said that they have not been

provided with assistances while 3.9% assessed that the assistance programs were not effective,

especially the seedling supply program. 8.3% of the respondents assessed that the vocational

training program and employment program of project or credit andloan supports were relatively

effective; only 0.6% of them said that these program werevery useful as they have received

information and placement of available jobs. There are 2/33 respondents got help from friends for

vocational training, job seeking, and income restoration.

Table 15. Overall evaluation of livelihood restoration assistances

Type of impact

Overall evaluation of assistances

TotalVery

usefulUseful

Not

useful

Not

receiving

assistance

Resettlement 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% 40.0% 43.3%

Partial impacts on lands/structures 0.6% 0.0% 3.3% 29.4% 33.3%

Losing more than 10% of agricultural

landholdings0.0% 5.0% 0.6% 11.1% 16.7%

Losing less than 10% of agricultural

landholdings0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 6.7%

Total 0.6% 8.3% 3.9% 87.2% 100.0%

After compensation payment, in order to ensure income and living conditions, many HHs

have found jobs/income sourceswithin 1-3 months (60.6%) and 4-6 months (18.18%); while

percentage of HHs whotookone year or more was 9.09%, and 3.03% of the respondents are

still looking for a replacement job/income.

After handing over the land, due to lack of skills, many HHs have to work as seasonal

labour or do simple works that require good health. Many people assessed that due to difficult

economy in general, it was hard to find a job. Difficulties in employment lead to unstable

income, expense and education for their children. Recommendations are often directed to

training and resolving employment issues for their children.

26

III.1.4. COMPARISON BEFORE AND AFTER LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT

The analytical results show that the number of HHs doing agriculture have no

significant change during pre-project and post-project because they still have land area for

agriculture, forest, aquaculture and fishing. However, their average incomes changed

substantially. For HHs growing rice and vegetables, their current income level equals 3% to pre-

project income. Similarly, income level of HHs doing aquaculture and fishing equals 14% to pre-

project one and income of HHs doing livestock husbandry is reduced by more than30%. In

contrast, income from forestry has increased slightly (by 30%). The number of HHs who shifted to

businessand services is boosted from 6 to 8 HHs with the income raising from VND 10 million to

140 million. Similarly, the income from other sources isalso increased by 5 times. The AHs

haveshifted to investment and diversified their livelihoods in order to obtain better incomes.

Many households said that their income are enough for living expenses (69.6%). In

contrast, 15.2% of respondents have income level higher than the expense level. 15.2 %

respondents have difficulty in cover living costs, thus, have tocut downtheir spending and borrow

money.

Table 16: Comparison of income before and after land acquisition and resettlement

Income sources

Pre-project (2007 and

earlier)Present (from 2012 to 2013)

Number

of HHs

Average household

income/year (VND)

Number

of HHs

Average household

income/year (VND)

1.Growing rice, vegetable 11 14,545,454.55 11 454,545.45

2.Planting flowers, ornamental trees 3 13,333,333.33 4 13,750,000.00

3.Livestock husbandry (chicken, pig,

cow, buffalo…)14 14,928,571.43 12 9,166,666.67

4.Aquacuture and fishing 6 29,166,666.67 3 4,000,000.00

5.Forestry 7 9,714,285.71 6 14,500,000.00

6.Business, trading and service 6 10,333,333.33 8 140,000,000.00

7.Salary/ benefits 15 23,400,000.00 14 45,714,285.71

When being asked about the living standards of the households before and after the project,

42.4% of the respondents said that the living standards were better, 33.3% assessed that it was

the same, while 18.2% thought that their living standards were worse. The remaining 6.1% said

that it was hard to evaluate.Regarding theirevaluation and comparison of availability and

reliability of utilities, public services, and market that HHs access toat present, 45.5% said that it

27

was better, 39% assessed that such services were the same, 13.3% considered it washard to

evaluate while 2.3% answered that it was worse.

In general, HHs in project area said that their current living conditions werebetter than

the pre-project level (45.5%), 30.3% assessedthat their living standards were the same while

24.2% of them evaluated it was worse. Explaining for better living standards, the surveyed AHs

said that they have used their compensation and assistance to invest in business and thereby

increasing their income. On the contrary, HHs assessed that their living conditions were worse

because they did not have enough money to start a business, were unable to find jobs, and lost

productive land for farming. In addition, environmental pollution, unemployment, and increase in

social evils are most concerned by the interviewed AHs. When being asked about their

satisfaction towards their current jobs and living conditions, 70% of the respondents said that

they weresatisfied while 30% of them assessed otherwise.

III.1.5. LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION MODELS/PROGRAMS

Models of LRP: TPMB1has organized LRP for AHs in main plant area such as:

organizing Agricultural and forestry extension programs by invitingagricultural and economic

specialists to provide training in cultivation and livestock husbandry techniques as well

astraining materialsfor 40 participants. In addition, veterinary training course for 2

representatives of Aps were also conducted. However, there was no AP registered for this

course as most of the Aps havechanged to business by using compensation for opening shops

and small businesses to serve residents and workers in the project area. Some APs are

workers responsible to planting and taking care of industrial crops for Cam Duong Forestry

Company. Some APs also bought trucks for transporting materials and suppliers for residents in

the area.LRP for AHs in main plant area have been implemented and achieved certain results.

However, most of severely AHs did not have access to or were not interested in the LRP

activities. However, most of them have actively changedtheir production model, services and

business to be suitable to their current conditions. In general, their living standardsare better

after land acquisition. Relocated HHs have settled down and Improved their living conditions.

III.2. ASSESSMENT OF LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PROGRAM FOR

FRESHWATER COMPONENT (phase 2).

III.2.1. SURVEY METHODOLOGY

III.2.1.1. Identification of affected households

Of the total 192 households affected by the FWC, 127 are affected by the reservoir

whereas 65 households are affected by the pipeline. Among 127 households and organization

(Cam Pha Forest Plantation) affected by the reservoir in Quarter 10 of Mong Duong Ward, 37

28

have to relocate. All of these households are insignificantly affected by the water pipeline in

Mong Duong Ward and Cong Hoa Commune as none of them lost more than 10% of their

productive landholdings or had to relocate. Regarding 37 relocated households of the reservoir

subcomponent, a resettlement site is not needed as all of them opted to self-relocation in the

area of Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward.

During the site visit, the EMA have worked with TPMB1, cadastral officials, the authorities

of Mong Duong Ward and Cong Hoa Commune, in cooperation with and village and residential

group leaders in the affected area to make a check list of AHs. This list has been served as the

basis for the survey of HHs with the focus on the severely AHs and relocated households. At

the survey time, there were 28 out of 37 relocated HHs living in Quarter 10 ofMong Duong Ward

while nine (09) AHs have moved to other places (including 7 AHs moved to Dam Ha District and

2 AHs to Tien Yen District).

III.1.1.2. Survey Methodology

The survey was conducted usingsociological survey method with sample size of100% of

the relocated AHs (37 HHs). However, 9HHs have displaced to other places so the selected

samples were all of the relocated AHs living in Mong Duong Ward (28 HHs, or76%).

III.1.2. DEMOGRAPHIC AND OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE OF AFFECTED

HOUSEHOLDS

o The number of persons and household size

The livelihood restoration survey for the second phase was conducted at Quarter 10,

Mong Duong Ward of28 HHs losing houses, lands, and structures due to land acquisition for the

construction of FWC.

28 AHs were made up of 116 persons with average household size of 4.14 persons. In

which, 2 HHs had smallest scale with 2 persons/HH (7.1%), 9HHs with 4 persons/HH accounting

for 32.1%. Finally, the HHs with 5 persons, 6 persons and 7 personsaccounted for 21.5% (6

HHs), 10.7% (3 HHs), and 3.6% (1 HH), respectively.

Table17: Persons and Household size

Number of persons Number of HHs Percentage (%) Average

2 2 7,1

4.14

3 7 25,0

4 9 32,1

5 6 21,5

6 3 10,7

7 1 3,6

29

Number of persons Number of HHs Percentage (%) Average

Total: 116 28 100.0

o The population structure by age, ethnic minority and gender

Age structure of APs in survey sample is presented in Table 18. The results of data

processing showed that household members were classified in age groups. In which, the

majority of the APs are in the working age (15-60 years old), representing 64.6%. The

difference in proportions of males and females was not significant,at52.6% and 47.4%,

respectively. There was no person belonging to the mainstream Kinh group, butTay and Dao

ethnic minority groups. 24 out of 28 surveyed households were Dao people made up of 98

persons (84.5%) and 4 TayEM households with 18 persons (15.5%).

Table18. Age structure by ethnic minority and gender

AgeGender Ethnic minority

Male Female Total Tay People Dao People Total

0-5 years old5 3 8 0 8 8

62,5% 37,5% 0% 100%

6-10 years old6 4 10 3 7 10

60,0% 40,0% 30,0% 70,0%

11-14 years old8 7 15 3 12 15

53,3% 46,7% 20,0% 80,0%

15-17 years old3 7 10 2 8 10

30,0% 70,0% 20,0% 80,0%

18-30 years old16 14 30 3 27 30

53.3% 46.7% 10,0% 90,0%

31-60 years old18 17 35 5 30 35

51,4% 48,6% 14,3% 85,7%

Over 60 years old5 3 8 2 6 8

62,5% 37,5% 25,0% 75,0%

Total61 55 116 18 98 116

52,6% 47,4% 100.0% 15,5% 84,5% 100.0%

o Education of AH members

The affected households living in the reservoir area mostly belong to the ethnic minority

groups; therefore, their educational attainment was limited. The survey results showed that the

majority of the APs, or 45%, had secondary education, followed by high school education with

26%, and primary school education with 25%. The number of APs who had college and

university education accounted for the small proportion, at 4%. The number of people without

schooling represented 1%; most of them were the elderly and students dropped out of schools.

30

o Occupational structure before and after the project

Land acquisition has directly affected the production activities and occupations of the

APs. At pre-project time, 50% of the APs have been dependent on agricultural production such

as cultivation and livestock husbandry. After land acquisition, the proportion of people engaged

in farming and livestock husbandry has reduced to 33.6%. On the other hand, the number of

APs shifted to business and services have increased significantly from 2.6% to 6.9% as well as

the number of workers have raised from 3.5% to 8.6%. Similarly, the proportion of

seasonallabours hasalso boosted from 2.6% to 10.3 % while unemployment rate has also

increased from 1.7% to 3.5%. Overall, the statistical indicators showed that this is inevitable

after land acquisition and resettlement. Due to significant decrease in agricultural land area, the

number of people engaged inagricultural activities have reduced substantially. Moreover, there

were other reasons as people had cash compensation to open small businesses or worked at

the forestry plantation, some chose to work as seasonal labours… However, this was positive

sign for EM AHs as they were only used to cultivation and livestock husbandry. Their current

jobs and activities have shown a transformation and more opportunities for the APscompared to

the pre-project time

Table19. Occupations of the APs before and after the project

Occupation

Members of AHs


Under working age 12 10,3% 16 13,8%

Cultivation and livestock husbandry 39 33,6% 58 50,0%

Business and services 8 6,9% 3 2,6%

Housewife 5 4,3% 4 3,5%

Pupil, student 16 13,8% 18 15,5%

Free/seasonallabour 12 10,3% 3 2,6%

Worker 10 8,6% 4 3,5%

Repairer 2 1,7% 2 1,7%

Retired 2 1,7% 2 1,7%

Loss of working capacity 3 2,6% 3 2,6%

Driver 3 2,6% 1 0,9%

Unemployed 4 3,5% 2 1,7%

Total 116 100% 116 100%

o Qualifications and working area

The survey results showed that 50% of HH members did not have skills as they have

not undergone any vocational training, their working area were mainly household economy and

31

seasonal labour. 15.5 % of them had elementary level while the percentage of members had

intermediate level/technical workers was 8.6%. Most of these APs have participated in the LRP

vocational training organized by the Project; some of them have worked as workers at the state

and private enterprises (coal mining, forest plantation)in Cam Pha City after taking part in the

training course. The percentage of APs with high professional skills was low, at only 1.7%.

Table20.Qualifications and working area of APs

Current working area Quantity Percentage Qualifications Quantity Percentage

Under working age &

students28 24,1%

Under working age &

students28 24,1%

State enterprise 8 6,9%Not receiving vocational

training58 50,0%

State agency 0 0,0% Elementary level 18 15,5%

Privtae company 9 7,8%Intermediate/Technical

worker10 8,6%

Cooperative 0 0,0% Advanced level 2 1,7%

Household 67 57,8%

Others 4 3,5%

Total 116 100.0% Total 116 100.0%

o Woman-headed household and poor household

At the monitoring time, the results showed that there were 4 woman-headed HHs but no

single women raising children. of the total28 surveyed HHs, there were no poor

households. These HHs are all ethnic minority HHs belonging toTay and Dao

groups(Dao EM people accounted for the majority).

o Land/House/Asset handing over time

When being asked about the time of site handing over, 80% of the respondents said that

it was between 2012 and 2013 while 20% of them did not remember the exact time.

Table21.Types of Houses before and after the Project

Type

Pre-project Post-project

Percentag

e (%)

Averag

e area

(m2)

Constructionyea

r

Percentag

e (%)

Averag

e area

(m2)

Constructio

n year

Thatched

cottage

Temporar

y house

Wooden

6..8

3.7

10.2

21.3

50.0 1995-2006

8.2

80.0 2012-2014

32

house

Grade-IV

house

with steel

roof

Grade-IV

house

with tiled

roof

One-

storey

house

with flat

roof

Two-

storey

house

56.0

2.0

0

3.8

49.5

38.5

Compared to the pre-project time, the current houses of affected householdswere built

better and more stably. Prior to the Project, HHs located in reservoir area mostly lived in Grade-

IV houses with tiled (56%) and steel roof (21.3%). On the other hand, there were afew HHs

living in flat-roofed house (2%), and the number of temporary housesaccounted for 33.7%. The

proportions of thatched cottage and wooden house were 8.8% and 10.2%, respectively.

At present when the Project has been completed, most of HHs used their compensation to build

better houses. The survey data showed that 38.5% of theAHs have built two-story or more

storeys houses, 49.5% of theAHs have built one-storey house with flat roof while only 8.2% and

3.8% of the HHs lived in Grade-IV houses with steel and tiled roof, respectively. Thatched

cottages and temporary houses are no longer existed. Prior to the project, most of the AHs built

their housesbetween 1995 and 2006 with the average area of 50m2. After the project, their

houses were built in 2012-2014 with average area of80m2., which coincided with the site

handing over, compensation and assistance payment, and resettlement time.

III.1.3. COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT

o Information disclosure

Prior to the project implementation, the project information has been disclosed to 100%

of the AHsvia the following forms: meetings, consultation, loudspeakers, leaflets, and notices

posted at public places, etc.

33

TPMB1 hascoordinated with CLDF of Cam Pha City and PCs of Mong Duong Ward,

Cong Hoa and Cam Hai communes to hold meetings with the APs to disseminate the project

information and policies. 85% of the surveyed evaluated that the information disclosure was

quite adequate, 13% assessed as very sufficient whileonly 2% said that the information

dissemination activities were inadequate. The project information disclosure activities have

helped people easily understandthe project impacts and their entitlements.

o Detailed measurement survey (DMS) and compensation plan preparation

As forDMS process, 100% of the respondents said that theyparticipated in DMS with the

CCARB and signed the DMS records. These HHs also confirmed that they have referred to the

compensation plan before receiving the money and the plan showed the exact amount

ofaffected assets and compensation rates. Also, such plan was posted publicly at

Commune/Ward PCs.Basically, DMS was conducted in accordance with the procedures and in

an accurate manner. However, due to looseland management mechanism of Vietnam in

general and of local authorities in particular, it took a lot of time for CCARB to identifyland

ownership records and legal basisfor compensation rate application in order to prevent

disadvantages for AHs.Additional DMS for some households have been conducted to ensure

the accuracy in preparation of compensation plan and compensation/assistance payment.

o Magnitude of impacts on occupations and livelihood sources of affected households

According to the survey results, in total of 28% interviewed HHs that affected severely

and resettled, there were 17HHs affected more than 10% of their agricultural

landholdings.Severely affected households who had to find new jobs and livelihood sources

accounted for 60.7% while 11 HHs who had to relocate but lost less than 10% of their

agricultural landholdings (39.3%) still cultivate on their remaining land area and maintain their

income from agriculture.

o Compensation and using compensation amount

According to the summarized data of TPMB1 andfrom the previous monitoring batches

for 195 households affected by the FWC total area of land acquisition is 526.84m2, which is

equivalent to the compensation/assistance amount of VND 263,496,220,342. After receiving

compensation, 36.2% of AHs decided to invest while 63.8% did not. In which, 18.5% have

invested to open or expand their business; 12.5% have deposited their savingsat the banks and

5.2% of them invested in other sectors. The small businesses have brought back big average

profits for those invested. On the other hand, the APs with savings expected to have monthly

interests to ensure their lifeand withdraw money when needed.63.8% of the AHs did not invest

but spent most of their compensation on building new houses while the others used

34

compensation to pay debts, cover daily expenses, buy furniture and utilities, and pay tuition

fees.

o Resettlement and livelihood restoration

Of the total 37 self-resettled HHs of the FWC, 9 HHs have moved to new areas outside

the Cam Pha City, including HHs of Ly Van Phuc, Ly Van Thang, Ly Van Binh, Ly Van Thien,

Phun A Hai, Phun A Phuc, Ho Van Ducwho are Dao people and have moved to Dam Ha

District, QuangNinh Province. The remaining 2 HHs whohave resettled in Tien Yen District are

Dang Xuan Ba (Dao people) and Nguyen Van Bay (Taypeople).

28 interviewed HHs are living in a close vicinity(about 2km from their former residences)

in Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward. All the households used their compensation/assistance to

buy land and new house. None of them had land plot outside the affected area or been given

land by their relatives. Basically, the new houses of these AHs are considered as better and

more stable than before.

83.2% of the respondents said that they received advice and help regarding

resettlement and LRP information. Out of which, 85% received advices and assistances from

local authorities while 15% from their friends/neighbors.

For HHs that their land has been acquired, they have received assistances in order to

restore income and create favorable conditions for them to settle down, develop production and

improve living standards after the project. 78% of the respondents said that they haveparticipated

in these programs while 28% did not. Out of which, 8.5% assessed that the assistance programs

were not effective, especially the cooking trainingprogram. 78.5% of the respondents assessed

that the vocational training program and employment program of project or credit andloan

supports were relatively effective; whereas 13% of them said that these program were very useful

as they have received information and placement of available jobs and helps from friends and

relatives.

After compensation for site clearance, in order to ensure their income and living

standards, some members from these HHs have found new jobs/income sourceswithin 1-3

months (70.3%). The percentages of members who have found new jobswithin 4-6 months and

one year were 21.7% and 8.0%, respectively.

In general, the difficulties of these HHs after land acquisition and resettlement are due

to their lack of trained skills; therefore, it is hard for them to find new jobs. As they worked as

seasonal labors with unstable wages, it was difficult to maintain their incomes and to spend on

their living costs and children’s study. However, the interviewed AHs assessed that they

overcame all of these initial difficulties as they were active in changing their jobs and adapting

35

to the new conditions together with assistances from the local authorities. In addition, the

TPMB1 has provided advisory as well as training and support programs including vocational

training and job placement. Therefore, at the monitoring and evaluation time, the APs have

stable jobs and better incomes compared to the pre-project time.

III.1.4. COMPARISION BEFORE AND AFTER LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT

The survey data showed that there was no significant change in the number of HHs

engaged inagricultural activities (cultivation/livestock husbandry) before and after the project as

the APs still have enough remaining land for farming, forestry, livestock husbandry, and

aquaculture. However, the number of householdmembers not involved in agricultural production

activities reduced substantially. For HHs growing rice and rain-fed crops, their current

incomelevelis equal to 75% of the pre-project level while income from livestock husbandry also

fell by 20%. It is worth noting that the number of HHs conversing to business and servicehave

increased from 2 to 8HHs with average income raised by 29%. Average income from salary and

allowances (from those who work at private/state company and production facilities…) increased

to 69.5%. The households affected by the project has conversed the investment model and

diversified their livelihoods to obtain better incomes.

Table 22: Comparison before and after land acquisition and resettlement

Income sources

Pre-project (2011 and

earlier)Present (2012-2015)

Number

of HHs

Average

income/year

(VND)

Number

of HHs

Average

income/year (VND)

1.Growing rice and crops 28 12,525,650 24 9,450,634

2.Planting flowers, ornamental

plants0 0 0 0

3.Livestock husbandry (pig,

chicken, cow, buffalo,…)28 15,658,423 26 12,147,312

4.Aquaculture and fishing 6 5,142,690 2 4,634,798

5.Forestry 18 7,314,237 15 6,213,980

6.Trading, business, services 2 12,192,354 8 42,678,950

7.Salary/Allowances 4 25,500,000 11 36,450,500

The survey and interview showed a positive outcome with 45.6% of the respondents

assessed that the living standards were better than before while 35.4% assessed as the same

and only 15% thought that it was worse. The remaining 4% said that it was difficult to assess.

Evaluating and comparing of the availability and the reliability of utilities, and accessibility to

36

public services and market of the AHs, 68.5% said that such services were better, 23.5%

assessed the same while 8% considered it was hard to evaluate. None of these AHs assessed

that it was worse. In general, HHs in the project area said that their current living conditions

are better than before (62.6%), 31.2% of them believed that it is the same while 6.2% evaluated it

was worse. The reason for better conditions is they received the compensation/assistance then

invest in business and build bigger house and resettlement site is in the center leads to

convenient in traffic and public services…...In contrast, those who said it is worse as they used up

compensation to build house and buy furniture while the area of production land was reduced and

they have no job. When asked about satisfactory level of current job and living standards, more

than 80% said that they are satisfied, below 20% of respondents is not happy with their current

jobs and living standards.

In general, HHs in project area said that their current living conditions were better than the pre-

project level (62.6%), 31.2% assessed that their living standards were the same while 6.2% of

them evaluated it was worse. Explaining for better living standards, the surveyed AHs said that

they have used their compensation and assistance to invest in business and thereby increasing

their income. Their houses were also improved. The relocation area is also the center in the

area; therefore, it is convenient for transportation and accessibility to public services. On the

contrary, HHs assessed that their living conditions were worse because they did not have

enough money to start a business as they have used up their compensation for building houses

and purchasing furniture. In addition, due to decrease in productive landholdings and inability to

find new jobs, they found their living conditions worse.When being asked about their satisfaction

towards their current jobs and living conditions, more than 80% of the respondents said that

they were satisfied while less than 20% of them assessed otherwise.

III.1.5. LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PROGRAM/MODEL

“Implementation of site clearance and resettlement has been completed and achieved good

results. LRP implementation has been finished. In 2014, TPMB1 hascoordinated with local

authorities, consulting agencies, and contractorsto carry out LRP for AHs of the FWC, which have

achieved good results. The training courses such as motorbike repairing, agricultural/forestry

extension, cooking, small credit/loan access support… have been supported and participated by

local people.” (Mr.Nguyen Cong Chi – Representative of TPMB1)

LRP models and activities: TPMB1 implemented LRP for AHs of the FWC.Specifically,in

2004, TPMB1 held training coursesincluding agricultural extension (cultivation and livestock

husbandry), elementary vocational training incooking and motorbike repairing for officials of

communes/wards. In addition, they alsocarried out small credit/loan access support program

37

(Company will pay interest). However, as the loan size of the Social Policy Bank is small, none of

the AHs has accessed to this program.

According to Training Contract No.105/HDDT-2014/ADN1 on 7 July 2014 between

TPMB1U and Cam PhaVocational Training Centre, vocational training courses have been

organized for APs of the FWC in Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward starting from July/2014,

including:

(i) Training courses for cultivation-livestock husbandry techniques had 80 participants

(ii) Elementary course for cooking techniques with 11 participants

(iii) Elementary course for motorbike repairing services with 10 participants

These training courses were organized for two (02) months with the total cost of VND

143,770,000 includingsalaries of the trainers, costs for training materials, tools and equipment

for practice, and classrooms, and lunch allowances for trainers and participants.

LRP for AHs of the FWC have been implemented and achieved certain results.

According to evaluation of TPMB1 representative- andMr. Nguyen Van Nuc, Secretary of Party

Cells of Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward, vocational training courses have partly helped young

members of AHs finding suitable jobs such as: for motorbike repairing services, most of the

participants haveopened or worked at motorbike repairing shops in the area; for training

courses in cultivation and livestock husbandry techniques, majority of the participants

haveworked for Cam Pha forestry plantation while those who learned cooking have worked at

restaurants and hotels in Cam Pha city and the vicinity.

In general, for livelihood restoration of AHs of the FWC, basically all of the HHs,

especially severelyand relocated AHs have built new houses and settled down. The interview

results showed that after land acquisition, the area of productive landholdings has been

reduced. However, prior to land acquisition, incomes from agricultural and forestry production

were not high; therefore, the living standards were difficult. When receiving compensation, the

AHs had capital to invest in business, and a part of the compensation was used to build and

repair houses. The remaining was used to invest in livestock husbandry and businesses (some

AHs also bought trucks to transport goods). Some HHs deposited residual compensation to the

bank for interest. In addition, there are few interviewed HHs have concerns that, although

their current lives are better than before with improved houses and better living standards, they

are still worried about their unstable and unsafe future since the AH members had to work as

hired labours and did not participate in production activities as the productive landholdings were

reduced. Generally, the LRP of the Project has been implemented and achieved certain

results. However, most of the severelyAHs said that they participated in some models while the

38

others did not have access to or are not interested in LRP that has been implemented as they

have taken initiative in changingproduction and business models to be suitable to the current

conditions. Thus, their living standards have been improved after land acquisition. Relocated

HHs lived in this area have built new houses and settled down.

“Most of severelyand relocated AHs built new houses and settled down in Quarter 10, Mong

Duong Ward, 2km from the place they used to live (reservoir area), except for about 10HHs

who have already moved to other places. In general, HHs have a better life after resettlement.

However, the area of productive land was reduced, so HHs have conversed to business,

services, trading, or working at the companies, … In 2014, the Project organized vocational

training courses in Mong Duong Ward for young members of AHs. After finishing the course,

some of them work at motorbike repairing shopswhile the others work at Cam Pha forestry

plantation and other enterprises which help them have better income after the training”.

(Mr.Nguyen Van Nuc – Secretary of Party Cells in Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward).

39

PART IV

CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS VÀ LESSONS LEARNED

(i)During final M&E, site clearance-phase 1 for main plant area and auxiliary

components have been completed and achieved good results. LRP has also been

implemented. However, there are many AHs did not participate in this program due to different

reasons. In addition, some phases in theland acquisition and resettlement processare not fully

complied with the RP regulations (these issues were presented in 10th M&E report)

(ii)Site clearance – phase 2 (RP for freshwater component including pipeline and

reservoir) has also beencompleted in 2014 and achieved good results. However, in the process of

implementation, there were some shortcomings in DMS, which were presented in previous

monitoring, some HHs did not receive compensation as they were not satisfied with the

compensation payment (price was applied incorrectly, identificationof land ownership records has

not been carried out…). These shortcomings were checked and reviewed promptly by TPMB1

and Cam Pha City CLDF in order to supplement and pay compensation for HHs, address totally

these shortcomings so AHs were not disadvantaged.

(iii) TPMB1 and consulting agency should strengthen supervision during

construction/operation/environment processes of components to ensure that DMS and

compensation are implemented for any adverse impacts on local people in accordance with the

project policies.

(iv) Cam Pha City CARB is directly responsible for implementing site clearance and

compensation payment; therefore,close coordination with stakeholders is needed,

particularlyproviding documents and data related to site clearance and resettlement for

TPMB1in a regular and timely manner, better coordinating with consultingagencies and

stakeholders to help them fulfill their duties.

(v) Stakeholders should pay attention to sustainable livelihood restoration program for

AHs, especially vulnerable and poor groups. They also need long-term strategies to help these

AHs have a better living standards after resettlement. Livelihood strategies of each

severely/relocated AH are needed to identifyproject impacts on HHs and members of HHs.

(vi) Develop specific and suitable LRP for each district;

(vii) Design livelihood models or intervention activities for severelyAHs by type of

occupations that they are working and their expectations to suit each area and farming

practices of people;

40

(viii) A better coordination is needed among the authorities at different levels,

projectstakeholders, and HHs in LRP implementation in order to facilitate the livelihood

restoration of severely affected households in a prompt and effective manner.

41

APPENDIX

Appendix 1: List of interviewees

No. Full name Address Note

1 Nguyen Cong Chi TPMB1

In charge of the site

clearance for Mong

Duong Thermal Power

1 project.

2 Vu Tuan HungOfficial of Finance and Planning

Department of TPMB1

4 Pham Van Chien Vice president of Mong Duong Ward PC

5 Tran DucChuyen Cadastral official of Mong Duong Ward

6 Dinh Van Luc Vice president of Cong Hoa Commune PC

7 Bui Thi Suu President of Cong Hoa Commune PC

8 Pham Van Tan Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

9 Vu ThiLanh Cam Y Quarter, Mong Duong Ward

10 Vu Thi Chap Group 148, Quarter 9, Mong Duong Ward

11 Pham Van Quy Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

12 Le Anh Dung Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

13 Doan Van Xuong Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

14 Hoang Van Kim Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

15 Nguyen DinhVinh Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

16 Pham QuangHoan Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

17 Nguyen Trung Lap Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

18 Tran DuyThien Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

19 Pham Van Thuy Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

20 Ngo Ngoc Thuy Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

21 Nguyen Thi Ban Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

22 Doan Van Son Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

23 Doan Van Phuong Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

24 Doan Van Quy Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

25 Nguyen Thi Ha Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

26 Khong Van Quyet Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

27 Dang QuangTrung Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

28 LuuDucCuong Group 148, Quarter 8, Mong Duong Ward

42

No. Full name Address Note

29 Truong Van Tro Village 4, Cam Hai Commune

30 Bui DinhKhe Village 3, Cam Hai Commune

31 Ha Thi Tieu Village 5, Cam Hai Commune

32 Nguyen Van NucSecretary of Party cells in Quarter 10,

Mong Duong Ward

33 Nguyen Thi Dang Chief of Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward,

34 Ly Van Phuc Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

35 Ly Van Tu Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

36 Ly Van Hai Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

37 Dang A Ung Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

37 Luu Van Co Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

39 Loan Van Quang Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

40 Ngoc Van Bay Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

41 Ly Thi Hai Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

42 Ly Van Minh Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

43 Dang Xuan Minh Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

44 Ngoc Van Trieu Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

45 Hoang Xuan Doan Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

46 Trieu QuyBinh Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

47 Luong Van Yen Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

48 Dang A Sut Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

49 Ban Van Nam Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

50 Ho Quang Sang Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

51 Ho Van Thanh Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

_____________

43

Appendix 2: Some images of the field trip

Mong Duong Thermal Power Center completed,

contributed electric into National power grid

Thermal power plant 1 &2

Interview AH- Mr.Nuc- Secretary of Party cells in

Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

Interview HH in reservoir area, Quarter 10,

Mong Duong Ward

44

Kindergarten was built in resettlement site,

reservoir area, Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

A spacious house of the resettled

household was built in reservoir area,

Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

Cooling water discharge cannel, Mong Duong

Thermal Plant

A spacious house of the resettled household

was built in Quarter 10, Mong Duong Ward

Interview affected household Freshwater reservoir, supply water for

Thermal Power Plant

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