What are the social psychology concepts being applied by the people in this picture?Guy 1:

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Girl 1:

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Girl 2:

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Quiz 8 Study Guide: Social PsychologyPart A: Multiple Choice and Short Answer

1. The Red Cross called Crystal and asked if she would participate in a blood drive, but Crystal said no. The Red Cross then called her neighbor Laura to ask if she would be willing to be put on their mailing list. She agreed to this, and when the Red Cross asked her to participate in a blood drive one month later, she agreed to participate. Which persuasion technique did the Red Cross use with Laura?

A. door-in-the-face technique B. low ball effectC. foot-in-the-door technique D. groupthink

2. When you fall prey to the fundamental attribution error, you overestimate the influence of ______________ and underestimate the influence of _______________ when describing someone else’s behavior. A. disposition; situation B. situation; personality C. genetics; mental health D. age; weight

Guy 1: “I see her all the

time at school; I think

I like her!”

Girl 2: “Everyone

else is laughing

loudly, so I’ll

Girl 1: “She isn’t talking a lot today; she must be shy.”

3. A(n) ________ includes feelings—often based on our beliefs— that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events. A. Cognitive dissonance theory B. Attribution theory C. Self-serving bias D. Attitude

4. Who studied obedience using a “teacher”/”learner” experience with electric shock? A. Asch B. Milgram C. Genovese D. Harlow

BONUS: List factors that discouraged obedience in this study:

5. Coach Ravens has been giving pep talks to a struggling player on his team in order to boost the player’s self-confidence, even though the coach isn’t sure the player will ever get better. However, he finds himself telling other people that that player has really begun improving and is an asset to the team. What concept of social psychology has Coach Ravens epitomized? A. situational attribution B. dispositional attribution C. egoism D. cognitive dissonance theory

6. What is conformity? Provide an example.

7. This type of occurrence strengthens preexisting ideas or prejudices that the group shares. A. Groupthink B. Group polarization C. Discrimination D. Scapegoat theory

8. A strong sense of social identity is most likely to promote which of the following? A. Aggression B. Groupthink C. Ingroup bias D. Outgroup empathy

9. What is the just-world phenomenon?

10. _______________ is a negative attitude; ______________ is a negative behavior. A. Prejudice; discrimination B. Prejudice; stereotype C. Discrimination; stereotype D. Scapegoat theory; stereotype

Part B: Social Influence

___1.Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain A. Social Loafingapproval or avoid disapproval

___2. Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept B. Groupthinkothers’ opinions about reality

___3. Stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in C. Normative Socialthe presence of others Influence

___4. The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort D. Group Polarizationwhen pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable

___5. The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring E. Deindividuationin group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

___6. The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations F. Informationalthrough discussion within the group Social Influence

___7. The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for G. Social Facilitationharmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

8. Rob created two advertisements for the new umbrella he is supposed to be marketing. On the first ad, he includes information about the umbrella’s durability and low cost. On the second ad, he shows a picture of a girl splashing in the rain puddles while her parents sip coffee and watch her, sheltered beneath the umbrella. Rob used the _______ persuasion route in the first ad and the ________ persuasion route in the second ad.

A. Informational; normative B. Normative; informationalC. Central; peripheral D. Peripheral; central

9. What is the best way to reduce prejudice and animosity among members of a group?A. Encourage cooperative action

B. Ensure steady contact with one another C. Exaggerate the similarities within each individual group D. Use propaganda to discourage prejudice

Part C: Social Relations- Aggression and Attraction

1. What is the psychological definition of aggression?

2. Which of the following is not a factor influencing aggression? A. Acquiring social scripts B. Learning aggression is rewarding C. Observing models of aggression D. Having low testosterone

3. Explain the frustration-aggression principle.

4. Which statement about aggression is NOT true? A. Many aggressive criminals have diminished activity in their amygdalas. B. Playing violent video games is a good way of acceptably releasing aggressive behavior. C. Having parental models of aggression is a socio-cultural influence on aggression. D. Some people act aggressively when they think they’re drunk, even when they’re not.

5. A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas is: A. Social trap B. Prejudice C. Conflict D. Aggression

6. A group of friends are concerned about air pollution; they meet and talk about how much pollution is caused by the emissions from cars and furnaces. They all agree that something needs to be done to save the environment. They then drive off to their homes in their SUVs and crank up the heat in their houses. This best represents which of the following terms? A. Social trap B. Enemy Perception C. Conflict D. Aggression

7. In attraction, what is the mere exposure effect?

8. Which is NOT one of the three main factors in aiding attraction? A. Proximity B. Love at first sight C. Physical attraction D. Similarity

9. What are the two types of romantic love? Which type is longer lasting?

10. What is the relationship between self-disclosure and romantic love?

Part D: Social Relations- Helping

1. Discuss the case of Kitty Genovese.

2. What is the difference between altruism and egoism?

3. What is the bystander effect?

4. What is the difference between social-responsibility norm and the reciprocity norm?

5. The social-responsibility norm and the reciprocity norm are subcategories to what theory? A. Attribution Theory B. Cognitive Dissonance Theory C. Social Exchange Theory D. Just-world Theory

6. Matt just ate five cookies at a sample table in the grocery store. Even though the cookies were expensive, he felt obligated to buy a whole package of them. He is illustrating which theory of helping? A. Social Exchange Theory B. Social-Responsibility Norm C. Reciprocity Norm D. Equity

7. Describe Zimbardo’s Prison Experiment