social reconciliation or social implosion 20 oct 2011
TRANSCRIPT
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National ReconciliationTransitional Justice
Rights and Accountabilityin Sri Lanka
Lionel Bopage
20 October 2011
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
1. Transitional justice• Women• Reconcilaition
2. Process of reconciliation
3. The United Nations role
4. Situation in Sri Lanka• Human Rights• Accountability
5. Conclusion
Outline
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Transitional JusticeSchools of thought
• Legalist- international law is central
• Realist- leave choice with the state in the interests of democracy and stability
• Strategic legalist- trials not mandatory- social objectives beyond individual punishment
• Political realist- formalised justice destabilising, undemocratic and impediment to peace- only a bargaining chip to barter for a better settlement
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Transitional Justice
State obligations under international law
• establish the fate of victims
• identify perpetrators
• provide compensation to victims
• take affirmative measures to prevent non-repetition, and
• prosecute and punish those found guilty
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Transitional Justice
Women• Violence continues despite transition• Opportunity for empowerment• But a moment of retrenchment
Reconciliation• transitional justice:
- promotes reconciliation and psychological healing- Fosters respect for human rights and the rule of law and- helps establish conditions for a peaceful and democratically
governed country
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Process of reconciliation
Negative peace• Absence of tension
Positive peace• Presence of justice
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Process of reconciliation
Confession and Apology
Commitment and Absolution
The ultimate goal of reconciliation is attainment of durable peace, with respect for the human rights of everyone in that society. The interactive keys for success of reconciliation through the commission process are the willingness of all parties to speak the truth, the willingness of the survivors to forgive and the willingness of the commission members to balance reconciliation with justice.
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
The United Nations
Resolution 61/17.2 of the UN General Assemblyresolved that:reconciliation processes are particularly necessary and urgent in countries and regions of the world, which have suffered, or are suffering, situations of conflict that have affected and divided societies in their various internal, national and international facets.
It also affirmed that:dialogue among opponents from positions of respect and tolerance is an essential element of peace and reconciliation … [and] that truth and justice are indispensable elements for the attainment of reconciliation and lasting peace.
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Situation in Sri Lanka
1. War crimes
2. Delivery of Justice, equity and fairness
3. Violence and the LLRC
4. Human rights
5. Accountability
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Situation in Sri Lanka
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National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka
Conclusion
1. Lowest ebb of relationships
2. Absolution, reconciliation and amnesty
3. A united Sri Lanka
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Thank you!
National Reconciliation, Transitional Justice, Rights and Accountability in Sri Lanka