Social security

Introduction• A man has to face a number of risks right from his birth, such as., - employment injury - industrial disease - disablement - ill health - sickness - maternity or childbirth - old age - burial - widowhood - orphanhood

• During these contingencies, it becomes difficult for the person concerned either to work or to obtain work,,

• The employee who is unable to work, they’ll ultimately expect some sort of help from the employer or government.

• The basic Aims & objectives of social security is “ THE CAUSES OF INSECURITY MUST BE REMOVED”

Definition

• International Labour Office defined “ social security is the security that society furnishes, through appropriate organisation against certain risks to which its members are exposed”.

• Professor Hasan defined “ social security may be provided through three main forms, namely

1. social insurance 2. social assistance 3. public service

Social insurance

• Is used in cases of those contingencies the incidence of which is predictable namely

- old age - death - sickness - maternity - work injury

• For this, the contributions are made by the insured persons and sometimes by their employers and the government also.

• The befits are paid as a matter of right on the fulfillment of certain prescribed conditions according to a fixed scale.

• The benefits are generally related to the contributions and are based on assumed average is provided by the group insured.

Social insurance

• May be discussed under the following heads - the workmen's compensation act 1923 - maternity benefits acts - sickness insurance act - ESI act 1948 - EPF act 1952 - old age pension act - unemployment insurance act - industrial dispute act 1953 ( for lay off and

retrenchment)

social assistance

• Is provided by the government on the basis of actual existence of need.

• No previous contributions have to be paid.• The existence of need is the only condition

irrespective of the causes or circumstances of need.

• Ex. (Marriage assistance, educational loan, maternity assistance, family medical assistance)