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8/4/2019 Social Work Slide

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Jason Acosta, Joseph Vera, Lynnette Ortiz

May 3, 2011

CHILD WELFARE


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1. History of Child Welfare

2. Major contributors

3. Statistics

4. Theories

5. Current Trends and Issues

6. Roles

OVERVIEW


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Throughout the history of the United States, the child welfare system hasevolved according to changing beliefs and attitudes about what role

government should play in the protection and care of abused and neglected

children.

As public awareness about child abuse and the damage it caused grew, theimportance of child protection received greater attention by government

officials.

CHILD WELFARE HISTORY


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Expanding role of the federal government

the federal governments role in the modern child

welfare system has increased as federal fundingaugmentations are accompanied by new rules and

requirements emphasizing greater accountability on thepart of states in achieving positive child outcomes.

HISTORY-EXPANDING ROLE OF

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT


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The Social Security Act of 1935 authorized the first federal grantsfor child welfare services

Though relatively small, these first federal grants served asan impetus for states to establish child welfare agencies and todevelop local programs to deliver child welfare services. Federal

funding for child welfare services increased, and states wererequired to match federal grants with state funds.

The bill was written by the President's Committee on EconomicSecurity, chaired by Frances Perkins.

HISTORY- SOCIAL SECURITY ACT

OF 1935


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Feminist

First woman to be appointed to aCabinet post (Secretary of Labor)

held post through bothFDR terms

Contributed greatly to the writing ofthe New Deal legislation

MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS-FRANCIS

PERKINS


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developed the first public child welfare programs in central Louisiana to offerchild protection services to neglected children, services to unmarried mothers,

foster home services for children, and adoption

Especially active in recruiting black adoptive homes, Gandelman made thefirst black adoption placement in the agencys history in 1972

JOSEPHINE WEIL GANDELMAN


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Placement settings


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Age of children and youth in care:

STATISTICS: NEW YORK

< 1 year 4% 12-15 years 19%

1-5 years 28% 16-18 years 19%

6-11 years 22% 19 years 7%

In Out-of-Home care

White 41%

Black or African American 49%

American Indian/Alaska Native 0.4%

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Island 0%

Asian 0.7%

Other 9%

Hispanic/Latino 21%

Race:

Last updated: 3/17/11


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TRENDS


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The original Social Security Act also created the Aid to Dependent Children(ADC) program, in order to help states provide financial assistance to needydependent children. (In 1962, this program was renamed Aid to Families with

Dependent Children, or AFDC. AFDC was in turn replaced by the TemporaryAssistance to Needy Families, or TANF, block grant program in 1996.)

Temporary Assistance is temporary help for needy men, women and children.If you are unable to work, can't find a job, or your job does not pay enough,TA may be able to help you pay for your expenses.

60 month limit (5 years)

TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE TO

NEEDY FAMILIES


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Reunification is a primary goal in child welfare

Permanency

BIIH: Bridges to Health

provide expanded and enhanced services to at least 3,300 foster children

with disabilities, including children in OCFS custody. These children typically haveserious emotional problems or developmental disabilities or are medically fragile. Theprogram also will serve their families, including birth parents, foster parents, pre-adoptive parents, and siblings.

REUNIFICATION


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Attachment theory

childs relationship with a primary caregiver during infancy is critically important to later

development and serves as a prototype for the childs relationships throughout the lifespan

(Howe, 1995)

usefulness in understanding the psychological ramifications of child abuse and neglect

THEORIES


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no single comprehensive child welfare program at the federal level

Aid to Dependent Children-Foster Care

The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA)

The Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980

REFORMS


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In 1986, out of concern that adolescents who aged-out of the foster caresystem were not equipped to live on their own, Congress authorized theIndependent Living Program. The new program, which was authorized under

the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act, provided funding forstates to help older foster youth make the transition from foster care toindependence.

TRANSITIONAL LIVING


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Every state has a public agency that is charged with the delivery of services inresponse to reports of child abuse and neglect

prevention and early intervention

required to ensure a childs safety when the child is abused orneglected or when a caregiver is unable or unwilling to protect his or her child

receive and assess allegations of abuse and neglect, assess childrenssafety and risk of future harm, evaluate a familys capacity to participate inservices provided, and plan and coordinate interventions and services for

families

ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKER


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School social workers

Case workers for child protective services

Foster care social workers

Administrative social workers

Juvenile justice systems

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES

IN CHILD WELFARE FIELD


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http://advancesinsocialwork.iupui.edu/index.php/advancesinsocialwork/article/viewFile/174/167

http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/socwork/nrcfcpp/info_services/state/New%20York.pdf

http://www.illinoischildwelfare.org/archives/volume3/icw3-8.pdf

http://www.ocwtp.net/PDFs/Assmt%20III%20Trends%20in%20Child%20Welfare.pdf

http://ocfs.state.ny.us/bridgestohealth/

http://www.ocfs.state.ny.us/ten_for_2010/OCFS_ChildWelfareFinance_Final.pdf

http://www.ncsl.org/IssuesResearch/HumanServices/tabid/123/Default.aspx

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2006). The AFCARS Report: Final Estimate

for FY 1998 Through FY 2002 (12). Retrieved January 7, 2010, fromwww.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/stats_research/afcars/tar/report12.htm

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2009). The AFCARS Report: PreliminaryFY 2008 Estimates as of October 2009 (16). Retrieved January 7, 2010 fromwww.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/stats_research/afcars/tar/report16.htm

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