society as amplifier of deviance labels and more
TRANSCRIPT
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Society as Amplifier of Deviance
Labels and More
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Halo Effect
• a cognitive bias in which one trait influences expectations and evaluations of others in one's judgment of a person or object.
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Cooley and Mead
• C. H. Cooley (1864-1929)• G.H. Mead (1863–1931) • Humans interact via meaningful symbols• Self emerges in interaction
• Provides the ideas that (1) how people react to you creates “reality,” (2) we play roles
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What is a “role”
• Coherent set of behavioral expectations
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Social Status
• A social status is a position in society• Social status is the prestige or honor
associated with a position/role/identity
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History of Societal Reaction I
• Tannenbaum "Dramatization Of Evil“ 1930s– “As a maladjustment that arises out of conflict between a group and
the community at large. The issue involved is not whether an individual is maladjusted to society, but the fact that his adjustment to a special group makes him maladjusted to the large society because the group he fits into is at war with society” (Tannenbaum 1938:8).
• Act as evil Actor as evil Other behaviors of actor evil
https://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/tannenbaum.htm
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History of Societal Reaction II
• E Lemert (1912-1996)• Deviance = Reaction + Label• 1dev (original act)reactionaccept label2dev (act part)
https://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/tannenbaum.htm
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History of Societal Reaction III
• Becker, Erikson, Kitsuse (1960s)
https://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/tannenbaum.htm
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Becker
Reaction/Response No Reaction
Rule AbidingFalsely accused.
Stereotypes. Rebellious critique.
“Normal” conformity
Rule Breaking “Pure” Deviance “Secret” Deviance
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Natural History of LabelingBehavior
Notice
Reaction
Label act
Label actor
Status Master Status
RoleInstitutions
Secondary Deviance
mundane
Something I did
Something he did
Something he does
He’s different
He’ll do it again
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Selection
• One behavior comes to define the entire person
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Labels
• Easy to apply• Hard to lose
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Labels
• Can block opportunity and yield more deviance
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Labels
• Can play into techniques of neutralization and cause more deviance
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Labels
• Can generate subcultures and lead to more deviance
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Labels
• Can lead to differential association and more deviance
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Labels
• Can block access to legitimate means for achieving legitimate goals