Sociology & Other Social Sciences

• Different social sciences deals with the different aspects of social life of man.

• Accordingly History, Anthropology, Psychology, Economics & Political Science, these social sciences are interrelated.

• It is essentials for the student of sociology to know in what respect his subject differs from other social sciences and what ways it is related to them.

• Some social thinkers says that sociology is the basic and sole social science and others are its divisions.

• It is essential for us to know the interrelations between sociology and history, economics, anthropology, political science, psychology.

• Anthropology

• The word anthropology derived from two Greeks words, ‘Anthropos’-meaning man and logs mean study.

“Thus anthropology is the study of man”.

“The science of man and his works and behavior”

. In number of universities anthropology and sociology are administratively organized into one department.

Difference between Sociology & Anthropology

• Sociology

1. Sociology is the study of modern civilized and complex societies.

2. Sociologist study the institutions marriage, family or processes such as change, social mobility.

3. Sociologist studies small as well as large societies.

4. Sociology makes use of observation, interview, social survey, questionnaires and other method of techniques in its investigations.

• Anthropology

1. Anthropology concerns with un civilized or primitive and non literate societies.

2. Anthropologist study human primitive cultures.

3. Anthropologist usually concentrate on small societies.

4. Anthropologist directly go and live in the communities they study. They make use of direct observations and interviews.

Sociology & History

History is the reconstruction of man’s past. It is study of the experience of man kind. It is a record of the human past.

Historian are interested in what happened at a particular time in the past.

Historian are only concentrate only on the past.

History:History is a study of past, which people have already lived. Data for historian come in the form of records form museums, libraries and personal collection of people.

• Sociology• Sociology as science of society on the other hand is

interested in the present. It studies various stages of human life.

• Sociology has thus to depend upon the history for its materials. e.g.

• If he wants to study of marriage and family he must study their historical development also. Similarly he wants to know the impact of Islamic culture on the Hindu culture

Difference between sociology & History

• Sociology

1. Sociology is interested in the study of present with all their complexity.

2. Sociology is relatively young social science. It has very short history of its own.

3. Sociology is an analytical science.

4. Sociology is generalizing science.

• History

1. History deals with the past events of man. It is silent regarding the present

2. History is an age-old social science. It has a long story of 2000 years or even more.

3. History is descriptive science.

4. History is an individualizing science.

• Political Science• Political science deals with political activities of man.

• Political science has its own topics such as origin, evolution and functions of state, the forms of Government, types of constitutions, administration law, legislation, elections, voting, political movements.

• Political science is concerned with state. There are some common topics of interest for both sociologist and political scientists. Such as war, mass movements, government control, public opinion, propaganda, leadership, elections, voting.

• Further many social problems are also deep political problems (clashes of Muslims and Christians, Hindus and Muslims, Asian and Europeans.

Difference between Sociology & Political Science

• Sociology1. Sociology is a science of

society.2. Sociology studies all kind of

societies organized as well as un organized.

3. Sociology has a wider scope.4. Sociology studies man as

fundamentally a social animal.5. The approach of sociology is

sociological. It follows its own methods in addition to the scientific methods in its investigations.

6. Finally sociology is quite young. It is not even two centuries old.

• Political Science1. political science is a science of

state and government.2. Political science studies only the

politically organized societies.3. Political science has narrower

field.4. Political science studies man as

a political animal.5. Political science is a special

social science because it concentrates only on the human relationships which are political in character.

6. Political science is an older science comparatively. It has centuries of history.

• Difference between Sociology & Psychology• Psychology Psychology is the study of individual behavior and mental

processes- what occurs in the mind.

• Sociology

1. Sociology studies society and social groups.

2. Sociology analysis social processes.

3. Sociology studies society form sociological point of view.

• Psychology

1. Psychology studies behavior of individual in society. Its focus of interest is individual and not the society as such.

2. Psychology concerned with behavior of individuals.

3. Psychology studies the individual’s behavior form the view point of psychological factors involved.

• EconomicsEconomics deals with the economic activities of man.

“economics studies the aspects of production, distribution and exchange and consumption in society”.

It studies the structure and function of economic organization like banks, factories, market, business, firms, corporations, transport.

Difference between two social sciences

• Sociology

1. Sociology studies all kind of social relationships

2. Sociology is general social science.

3. Sociology is a science of recent emergence.

• Economics

1. Economics deals with only those social relationships which are economic in character.

2. Economics is a special science.

3. Economics has attained an advanced degree of maturity.

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