sofia tele talk june cold chemistry in space and laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 cold chemistry in...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Cold Chemistry inSpace and Laboratory
Stephan SchlemmerUniversität zu Köln
H2 Formation, OPR and Chemical Clocks
H3+ / H2D+ Isotopic Fractionation, H3
+/H2D+, OPR
H2D+ + H2 THz Spectroscopy in Lab and Space
June 18, 2015SOFIA Tele Talk
![Page 2: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
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Life cycle of Stars
H2D+
http://herschel.jpl.nasa.gov
![Page 3: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
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0 20 40 60 801
10
100
1000
10000
n-H2
E
nhan
cem
ent F
acto
r
Temperature / K
p-H2
Isotopic Fractionation
S(T) = kf/kb = exp(231.8 K / T)
H3+
HDH2D+
H2
Lab3*10-4
10 K~ 106
Space[HD]/[H2] 3*10-5
T 10 K [H2D+]/[H3
+] ~ 105
Lab3*10-4
10 K ~ 106
![Page 4: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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Experimental Method:
Electrodynamical Trapping
Dieter Gerlich Oskar AsvanySandra Brünken
![Page 5: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
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22-Pole Low Temperature Ion Trap
primary ions detector
rf IIrf I
sapphire22-pole
cold head 10 K
shield 50 K
![Page 6: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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22-Pole Low Temperature Ion Trap
primary ions detector
rf IIrf I
sapphire22-pole
cold head 10 K
shield 50 KOskar Asvany
![Page 7: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7Trapping time / ms
Ions
per
Filli
ng
Example: H2+ + H2 H3
+ + H
k(T)Rate Coefficient
![Page 8: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
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H3+
H2D+
H5+
H4D+
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
[n-H2] = 1.4x1014 cm-3, [HD]/[H2] = 3*10-4, T = 10 K
0.002
Gerlich, Herbst and Roueff, Planetary and Space Science 50, 1291 (2002)
![Page 9: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
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H3+
H2D+
H5+
H4D+
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
[p-H2] = 1x1014 cm-3, [HD]/[H2] = 3*10-4, T = 10 K
0.15
Gerlich, Herbst and Roueff, Planetary and Space Science 50, 1291 (2002)
![Page 10: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
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Log
([H2D
+ ]/[H
3+ ])
Temperature / K
Experimental Results & Modelling
0 10 20 30 40 50
0.1
0.01
3
J=1/J=0 H2
Hugo et al., J.Chem.Phys. 2009, 130, 164302
Gerlich et al. 2002
o/p H2
![Page 11: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
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Isotopic Fractionation
H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
and the H2 / H2D+ OPR
o/p-H2D+ + o/p-H2 o/p-H2D+ + o/p-H2
![Page 12: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
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H3+
00
11
22
10
0 K
100 K
X
p-H3+ o-H3
+
Lowest energy levels of H3
+
E
![Page 13: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
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H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
00
11
22
10
101
000
111
110
0 K
100 K
X
p-H3+ o-H3
+ p-H2D+ o-H2D+
![Page 14: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
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H3+ + HD H2D+ + H2
00
11
22
10
101
110
0 K
100 K
X
p-H3+ o-H3
+ p-H2D+ o-H2D+
o-H2
000
111
p-H2
![Page 15: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
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Role of Nuclear Spin?
Conservation laws: E, J, P, I, …
![Page 16: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
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p-H2D+ o-H2D+
p-H2
o-H2
o-H2
p-H2
Para – Ortho Conversion
E/K
no scrambling
0
100
200
300
400
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p-H2D+ o-H2D+
p-H2
o-H2
o-H2
p-H2
Para – Ortho Conversion
E/K
scrambling
X single Quantum StateGoverns
Deuterium Chemistry? 0
100
200
300
400
![Page 18: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
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Cold Chemistry inSpace and Laboratory
Stephan SchlemmerUniversität zu Köln
H2 Formation, OPR and Chemical Clocks
H3+ / H2D+ Isotopic Fractionation, H3
+/H2D+, OPR
H2D+ + H2 THz Spectroscopy in Lab and Space
June 18, 2015SOFIA Tele Talk
![Page 19: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
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H3+ + HD H2D+ +H2
00
11
10
101
000
111
110
0 K
100 K
X
p‐H3+ o‐H3
+ p‐H2D+ o‐H2D+
H2D+ Detection in Space
372 GHz
![Page 20: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
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H3+ + HD H2D+ +H2
00
11
10
101
000
111
110
0 K
100 K
X
p‐H3+ o‐H3
+ p‐H2D+ o‐H2D+
Reaction
h
Light Induced Reactions probing H2D+
![Page 21: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
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Results
H2D+
Δ = 62 MHz (!)O. Asvany et al., PRL 100, 233004 (2008)
![Page 22: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
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Results
H2D+
Δ = 62 MHz (!)O. Asvany et al., PRL 100, 233004 (2008)
SOFIA
GREAT Receiver
![Page 23: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
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Protostellar Cloud Core I16293A
101
000
111
110
p‐H2D+
o‐H2D+
86 K
0 K
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Para-H2D+ found in Space
![Page 25: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
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Astrochemical Modelling
T
o/p
Physics
Chemistry
Collaboration: Jorma Harju, Olli Sipilä, Paola Caselli
![Page 26: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
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H2D+ observations give an age of at least one million years for a cloud core forming Sun-like stars
S. Brünken et al. Naturedoi:10.1038/nature13924
![Page 27: SOFIA Tele Talk June Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory · 2016. 3. 26. · 1 Cold Chemistry in Space and Laboratory Stephan Schlemmer Universität zu Köln H 2 Formation, OPR](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081403/60a0c946063dca04ad1ffc40/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
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Cold Chemistry inSpace and Laboratory
Stephan SchlemmerUniversität zu Köln
H2 Formation, OPR and Chemical Clocks
H3+ / H2D+ Isotopic Fractionation, H3
+/H2D+, OPR
H2D+ + H2 THz Spectroscopy in Lab and Space
June 18, 2015SOFIA Tele Talk