SEMINAR ONSOFTWARE DEFINED

RADIO

BYPRIYARAM MISHRA

0711016074ENTCSEC-B

7th semester3rd september 2010.

What is radio?

• Any device that intentionally transmits or receives signals in the radio frequency

• Examples:– AM & FM Radios– TV– Cell phones ( Handsets)– Pagers, satellite, radar– Cellular base stations

SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO

• Software-Defined Radio (SDR) refers to the technology wherein software modules running on a generic hardware platform consisting of DSPs and general purpose microprocessors are used to implement radio functions such as generation of transmitted signal (modulation) at transmitter and tuning/detection of received radio signal (demodulation) at receiver.

• A radio that includes a microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) does not necessarily qualify as a software radio.

• A radio that defines in software its modulation, error correction, and encryption processes, exhibits some control over the RF hardware, and can be reprogrammed is clearly a software radio.

Why we need SDR?

• Commercial wireless network standards are continuously evolving from 2G,3G & 4G.– Users have to buy new handset whenever a new standards

is deployed.

• The air interface and link-layer protocols differ across various geographies

• Hardware replaced by software.Hence cost effective.

ARCHITECTURE OF DIGITAL RADIO

• The digital radio system consists of three main functional blocks– RF section– IF section– Baseband section• RF section is essentially analog hardware

• IF and BB are digital

DDCADC

RF Front-End

DUCDACTx

Rx

BasebandProcessing

BasebandIFRF

RF section IF section Baseband section

Receiver

Transmitter

RF section IF section Baseband section

Programmable

DOWNLOAD MECHANISMS

• Static download

• Pseudo static download

• Dynamic software download

IMPLEMENTATION

• Operations can be implemented in ASIC, FPGA, and DSP [1].

Hardware Vs Software

• ASICs – application specific IC

• Little flexibility• only for specific

purposes

• FPGA and DSP-Digital Signal Processors and Field Programmable Gate Array

• Function can change according to the program

Key features of SDR technology

• Reconfigurability – – Allows different standards by selecting the

appropriate software module to run

• Ubiquitous Connectivity-– Enables implementation of air interface standards

as software modules.

• Interoperability-– Facilitates implementation of open architecture

radio systems.– Can use third party applications on their handsets.

SDR-RELATED TECHNOLOGIES

• ADAPTIVE RADIO

• COGNITIVE RADIO

• INTELLIGENT RADIO

SDR- A SILENT REVOLUTION

• Instrumental in the development of 4g and subsequent technologies.

• Network operators, including Vodafone Spain, Hong Kong CSL and others are deploying SDR for future upgradeability.

• Enhancing communications in military and commercial communication systems.

SDR IN FUTURE

• Major contribution of sdr technology in future is the spectrum refarming.

• Sdr will be key to development of 5G,6G…………

• Software-defined radio is set to pave the way for the next generation of military communications equipment.

PROBLEMS

• High power consumptions

• Higher processing power requirement

• Higher initial costs

• Not suitable for all kinds of radio equipment. eg:pagers

SDR Platforms• Pentek 32-Channel Software Radio System

Figure courtesy of Pentek Inc. (http://www.pentek.com)

SDR Platforms• Entegra SDR Module

VANU SOFTWARE RADIO

• is the first commercially available solution where a single reusable hardware platform can support multiple wireless services and standards entirely in software

CONCLUSION

• The technology can be used to implement wireless network infrastructure equipment– wireless handsets,wireless modems etc

• Factors that need to be considered– higher power consumption, increased complexity of

software and possibly higher initial cost of equipment

• A promising technology that facilitates development of – multi-band, multi-service, multi-standard, multi-feature

consumer handsets and future-proof network infrastructure equipment.

REFERENCES

1. Software-Defined Radio: Facets of a Developing Technology, IEEE Personal Communications, Walter H. W. Tuttlebee

2. Software-Defined Radio, White Paper,Wipro Technologies.

3. W. Tuttlebee, Software Defined Radio Enabling Technologies, John Wiley & Sons, 2002

4. K. Pietikäinen, ”Software defined radio”, Communications Laboratory, 2005, [online], Available: www.comlab.hut.fi/opetus/333/2004_2005_slides/Software_Defined_Radio.pdf

5. Tektronix, “Software Defined Radio Testing”, 2007, Available: www.sdrforum.org/pages/sandiego_07_workshop/SDR%20Forum%20Presentation.pdf

THANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS???