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Software Defined
StorageSDx New Idea or NOT
Horst L TruestedtTrueFocus, Inc
25 August 2016
Agenda
History
S/38 Architecture
Single-level Store
Summary
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History
Early 1970, IBM decided to develop a new
system from the ground up.
– System was called FS (Future Systems).
– Made all existing computer installations
obsolete.
– Four systems defined:
Rochester system (System/38): – Was the entry-level.
– Replaced System/3; System/32; and System/34.
– Designed with n-way processors and 128-bit addressing.
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History
Telex and Anti-Trust Lawsuits
FS scrapped - became System/370
Only System/38 completed and shipped
System/38 legacy (same architecture)
– AS/400 (supported System/36 applications)
– iSeries replaced AS/400
– System i replaced iSeries
– IBM Power Systems replaced System i
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IBM Rochester, MN
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Started in 1956 with 576K sqft; today there are 3.1M sqft
Employment peaked at 8,000+; today about 2,500.
System/38
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System/38 Features
Announced 1978; shipped in 1980.
Designed for 128-bit addressing - System/38 used only
48 bits (applications only need to recompile).
Built-in security; each object or library has user-by-user
control.
Languages supported included: RPG III, COBOL,
BASIC, and PL/I.
Layered machine structure.
Used 64-bit object pointers.
Single-Level Storage.
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System/38 Levels
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User Applications
Languages,
Data base,
Utilities
Control
Program
Facility (CPF)
High-level Architecture Interface
Vertical Microcode (VMC)
Horizontal Microcode (HMC)
Hardware Machine
Protected
level
Allowed
Changes
System/38 Addressing
Architecture supports a flat, single-level
64-bit virtual address space (this was
increased to 65-bits in the Power
System Series).
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Microcode
Extension
Segment
Identification
Group
ID
Page
Number
Byte
Offset
16 24 8 7 9
Although the hardware only supports 48-bit physical
address, when an object is created, the full 64-bit address
is stored in a special header for each object.
System/38 Pointers
There are four types of pointers:
– System pointers - address objects;
– Space pointers - address specific byte locations
within the space portion of an object;
– Data pointers - address a specific byte within a
space and also contain attribute information
describing the type of element (e.g., character or
decimal); and,
– Instruction pointers - control execution flow.
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Single-Level Storage
From users point-of-view All Data is
considered to be in memory.
Only the Hardware knows where the
data is physically located:
– It could be in memory;
– It could be on disk or another I/O device;
– It could be in the network.
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Relational Database
Management System
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System/38 has the distinction of being the first commercially available IBM
Midrange computer to have a RDBMS integrated into the operating system.
Data on Disk
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Storage Manager
System/38
• Data striped for high
throughput.
• Required read/write data
to multiple disks
• Used 520 byte sectors
• RAID-0 not coined yet
Disk
Storage
Interface
. . .
Data in Network
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System/38
SAN/WAN
Data Center Data Center Data Center Data Center
• Architected view (not
implemented until later)
• Distributed data not well
supported in network
infrastructure
Data Virtualization
The architecture allowed Data objects to
be scattered; i.e., portions of the Data
could be anywhere.
Consider part of the Data was in :
– Minneapolis (short delay)
– Rome (~10 sec delay)
Todays networks allow for this kind of
distribution, but not pre-1990s.
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Data Virtualization
System/38 distributed file services– In 1986, System/38 announced support for
Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM).
– Enabled System/38 programs to create, manage,
and access record-oriented files on remote
System/36, System/38, and IBM mainframe
systems running CICS.
– Also allowed programs on remote System/36 and
System/38 computers to create, manage, and
access files of a System/38.
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Summary
System/38 was the FS architecture.
Data transparency was key for the
Storage Manager.
The Machine Interface architecture
isolated the Application Software and
most of the operating system from
hardware dependencies.
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Summary
The System/38's advanced Operating System
lived on with the AS/400.
Virtualization allowed programs originally
written for the System/34 and System/36 be
easily moved to the AS/400.
Same programs continue to work on the
iSeries, System i, the IBM Power Systems.
All due to Software Defined x!
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