SOLAR SYSTEM VIRTUAL REALITY

NORHARYANA BINTI HASSAN

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

(INFORMATIC MEDIA) WITH HONOURS

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN,

TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

2019

i

DECLARATION

I here by declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations and

citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been

previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal

Abidin or other institutions.

Name : Norharyana Binti Hassan

Date : ……..…………………….

ii

COMFIRMATION

This is to comfirm that Solar System Virtual Reality application was prepared and

submitted by Norharyana Binti Hassan (Matric Number : BTDL17047071) and has

been found satisfactory in terms of scope, quality, and presentation as partial fulfillment

of the requirement for the Bachelor of Information Technology (Informatics Media)

with honors in University Sultan Zainal Abidin. The research conducted and writing of

this report was under my supervisor.

Signature : …………………………...

Supervisor : Dr. Ismahafezi Bin Ismail

Date : ……………………………

iii

DEDICATION

Firstly and foremost praised to Allah, for giving me the opportunity to complete my

final year project, Solar System Virtual Reality application using android smartphone

for give me the strength and ability to finish this report. I also would like to express my

gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Ismahafezi Bin Ismail for valuable advice, guidance,

and ideas given through the development of research until the end of my final year

project. In addition, thanks to my friend and family that give courage and motivation

during my research. Finally, special thanks to all lecturers that giving a guideline for

my research during my presentation on Solar System Virtual Reality application’s

project.

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ABSTRACT

The Virtual Reality (VR) is the latest technology that encompasses various sectors such

as education, entertainment, military and good industry sales. Virtual reality is a

technology that allows users to interact with the environment that is simulated by the

computer. VR presents objects in 3D. This research is conducted to develop mobile

applications that operate using the android platform. The objective of this study is to

produce current VR applications that focus on solar system learning for student year 4.

This app not only focus on entertainment but the combination of entertainment and

education. Therefore, this mobile application is developed using multimedia elements

to deliver information about solar systems. The results of this application development

are expected to attract users to know more about the solar system.

v

ABSTRAK

Realiti Maya (VR) adalah teknologi terkini yang merangkumi pelbagai sektor seperti

pendidikan, hiburan, jualan ketenteraan dan industri yang baik. Realiti maya adalah

teknologi yang membolehkan pengguna berinteraksi dengan persekitaran yang

disimulasikan oleh komputer. VR membentangkan objek dalam 3D. Penyelidikan ini

dijalankan untuk membangunkan aplikasi mudah alih yang beroperasi menggunakan

platform android. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan aplikasi VR semasa

yang memberi tumpuan kepada pembelajaran sistem solar untuk tahun pelajar 4.

Aplikasi ini bukan sahaja memberi tumpuan kepada hiburan tetapi gabungan hiburan

dan pendidikan. Oleh itu, aplikasi mudah alih ini dibangunkan menggunakan elemen

multimedia untuk menyampaikan maklumat mengenai sistem solar. Hasil dari

perkembangan aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat menarik pengguna untuk mengetahui

lebih banyak tentang sistem solar.

vi

CONTENTS

DECLARATION i

CONFIRMATION ii

DEDICATION iii

ABSTRACT iv

ABSTRAK v

CONTENTS vi

LIST OF FIGURES vii

LIST OF TABLES ix

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Project Background 1

1.2 Problem Statement 2

1.3 Objectives 2

1.4 Scope 2

1.4.1 User Scope 2

1.4.2 Admin Scope 3

1.5 Expected Result 3

1.6 Limitation 3

1.7 Milestone and Activities 4

1.8 Summary of Chapter 4

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5

2.1 Introduction 5

2.2 VR Platform 6

2.3 Existing Application 7

2.3.1 The Planet VR 7

vii

2.3.2 VR Solar System 8

2.3.3 Solar System Scope 9

2.3.4 Solar System 3D. 10

2.3.5 Science Year 4 Teks Book 11

2.4 Overall Analysis 12

2.5 Summary of chapter 13

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 14

3.1 Introduction 14

3.2 ADDIE Model 14

3.2.1 Analysis Phase 15

3.2.2 Design Phase 16

3.2.3 Development Phases 19

3.2.4 Implementation 20

3.2.5 Evaluate Process 20

3.3 Framework 21

3.4 Hardware and Software Requirements 21

3.5 Method 25

3.6 Summary of Chapter 25

REFERENCE 26

viii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1 View interface The Planet VR 7

Figure 2.2 View interface VR Solar System 8

Figure 2.3 View interface Solar System Scope 9

Figure 2.4 View interface Solar System 3D 10

Figure 2.4 5 Science Year 4 Teks Book 11

Figure 3.1 Addie Model 15

Figure 3.2 Prototype Page Main Menu 17

Figure 3.3 Prototype Page Play 17

Figure 3.4 Prototype Page Credit 18

Figure 3.5 Prototype Page Help 18

Figure 3.6 Framework 21

ix

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1 Gantt Chart 4

Table 2.1 Comparison Existing Product 12

Table 3.1 Comparison Existing Product 16

Table 3.2 List of Hardware requirement 23

Table 3.3 List of software requirement 24

1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND

Virtual reality is a technology that allows users to interact with the environment

that is simulated by the computer. By looking at the screen in front of them, users can

interact with the 3D world. Virtual reality are the combination of video and audio ,it

give experiences that make users feel the real world sensation. Virtual reality usefulness

in many fields and as a result of the attention given to it by the media. This trend is

expected to continue in the future with the advancement of technology in areas like

computer graphics, computer vision, controls, image processing, and other technology-

affiliated components. The project to be developed is an application to learn about solar

systems, named "SOLAR SYSTEM VR". The concept of virtual reality used is

expected to help students in studying solar systems in 3 dimensions, as if they were

context of real space situation. These applications employ interaction as a means of

communicating information to the general public in new and exciting ways.

2

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

In my literature review about existing products, many virtual reality applications

developed is not focused on solar systems for student year 4. So, about this problem, I

take an alternative to developing applications that for learning solar systems for student

year 4. Secondly, the existing learning only uses book, this causes student easily bored.

So, with this app, it can attract them to learn about solar systems. Lastly is there has

been a move away from the traditional experience to technology experience.

1.3 OBJECTIVE

There are the objectives in this project to be achieved to make this project

successfully complete:

i. To study and identify current VR application and solar system.

ii. To design interface and to develop Travel the Solar system application.

iii. To test the application is functional and beneficial to the user

1.4 SCOPE

The scopes for this project are identified to make the application development

process easier. The scope is divided into two which are user scope and admin scope.

1.4.1 User Scope

i. Student year 4

ii. Science teacher year 4

3

1.4.2 Admin Scope

i. Able to update this application.

1.5 EXPECTED RESULT

The expected result for this application are :

i. This app is expected to be implemented in mobile-based and users can

explore this virtual reality app using the VR Headset.

ii. Hope this app can give the user experience feel like being in the real space.

1.6 LIMITATION

The limitations in conducting this application are:

i. Limit on mobile base only

ii. Need VR Headset to play this application.

iii. Only android user can access this application.

4

1.7 MILESTONE AND ACTIVITIES (GANTT CHART)

The guideline of the SOLAR SYSTEM VR application is important to make the

process of this project will smooth and follow the procedure.

Table 1.1 Gantt Chart

1.8 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER

The chapter covers the overall description of the application such identifies the

problem statement, objective, scope, expected result and project management plan.

Moreover, this application is designed to help the user get information about solar

systems.

5

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this chapter is to present selected literature review, which is very

important for the research. This chapter explains of the literature review carried out on

the application that will be used as references in developing this application. The

existing application will also be discussed in this session. Literature review aims to

review the critical points of the current knowledge on a particular topic. Therefore, the

purpose of the literature review is to find, read and analyses the literature or any works

or studies related to this system. It is important to well understand about all information

to be considered and related before developing this application. Some research has been

studied to understand to implement in the Solar System Virtual Reality application.

6

2.2 VR PLATFORM

In virtual reality, the platform used in the production of an application depends

on the selection made before the builder. In this application I use VR Headset as

the main platform. VR Headset is a virtual reality (VR) platform developed for is a

head-mounted device that provides virtual reality for the wearer. Virtual reality

(VR) headsets are widely used with video games but they are also used in other

applications, including simulators and trainers. Users can either build their own

viewer from simple, low-cost components using specifications published by

Google, or purchase a pre-manufactured one. To use the platform, users run the VR

Headset compatible applications on their phone, place the phone into the back of

the viewer, and view content through the lenses.

7

2.3 EXISTING APPLICATION

The existing application has been similar for Solar Systems VR apps in terms of

functions, problem-solving, types of information and other. Such an example of that

app is The Planet VR, VR Solar System, Solar System Scope, Solar System 3D and

Science Year 4 Teks Book.

2.3.1 The Planet VR

Based on figure 2.1 is show the screenshot of The Planet VR. This application

lets user to travel the planets and explore moon and the surface in virtual reality.

User can choose any site and then once user reach the planet surface. User can

explore the planet by tilting their head left and right to change the direction of

viewpoint. Looking up and down will change your altitude and in the settings you

can enable a head up display to help you navigate further. This application is focus

to entertainment. User only can see the object, this application do not have any

audio or written information.

Figure 2.1: Screenshot of The Planet VR

8

2.3.2 VR Solar System

Based on figure 2.2 is show the screenshot of the VR Solar System. This

application is a journey through the space in Virtual Reality and only guide with

audio. User will possibility to see the planet and learn from them like never before.

User will get new experience live and learn as an astronaut, the experience of

traveling in the solar system. The application takes us through the planets. This

application do not have any written information. This application is focus to

education.

Figure 2.2: Screenshot of the VR Solar System

9

2.3.3 Solar System Scope

Based on figure 2.3 is show the screenshot Solar System Scope. This application is

a fun way of exploring, discovering and playing with the Solar System and Outer Space.

It’s contains many views and space simulations, but most of all - it brings user closer to

the furthest reaches of our world. This application also lets user experience lots of

fantastic space sceneries. User can see a model of Solar System, Night sky and Outer

Space in real time, with accurate positions of objects and lots of interesting facts. This

application focus in education. Solar System Scope is well suited for all audiences and

ages.

Figure 2.3: Screenshot Solar System Scope.

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2.3.4 Solar System 3D.

Based on figure 2.3 is show the screenshot of Solar System 3D. This application

can explore our Solar System and get the information about our planets. This app also

contains information providing Orbital period, Average orbital speed, Mean anomaly,

Inclination, Longitude of ascending node, Argument of perihelion, and much more

about stars, planets, and satellites in our Solar System. User can get all the details and

information about stars, planets, and satellites. User also can zoom the planet .This

application focus in education. Solar System 3D is well suited for all audiences and

ages.

Figure 2.4 Screenshot of Solar System 3D

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2.3.5 Science Year 4 Teks Book.

Figure 2.5 Science Year 4 Teks Book. In chapter 9, topic Solar System.

Learning Solar System using books only in 2D image, so it is less interacting.

User can get all the details and information about stars, planets, and satellites.

By using this book it’s do not have any animation element.

Figure 2.5 Science Year 4 Teks Book

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2.4 OVERALL ANALYSIS

This table about comparison existing product. The comparison with year publisher,

advantage, and disadvantage. So, the weakness of the existing product can be identified

went make the comparison. The comparison shown in Table 2.1.

Title Year

Publisher

Advantages Disadvantages

The Planet VR 2017 Attractive

layout

not interesting

Less attractive

layout

Do not have sound

effect

do not have

information

VR Solar System 2018 Attractive

layout

not interesting

Less attractive

layout

Do not have sound

effect

do not have

information

Solar System Scope 2018 Have sound

effect

Environment

design very

nice

Complex

information

13

Solar System 3D. 2019 Attractive

layout

No sound effect

Do not have

detailed information

Teks Book Science

Year 4

2014 Environment

design very

nice

Have detailed

information in

teks

Less attractive

layout

Only use 2D model

Table 2.1 : Comparison Existing Product

2.5 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER

This chapter discusses the information about the study on the VR Platform to

find the best software and technique that use to develop this application and study

about existing product VR. This study is more to focus on development and guide

to the successful project, to come out with the new application will benefit all user.

Next chapter will discuss the methodology to develop the application.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODLOGOLY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

In this chapter is about process of developing project from the beginning until the

end of this project. The flow of the project will discuss briefly to give more

understanding of design and develop of this application. There are many methods that

can be used for developing this project. The methodology that can be decide in this

project is ADDIE. In this methodology is based on phases for each development process.

Every phases of this methodology will be explained.

3.2 ADDIE

In this project, the most suitable methodology that can be used to develop mobile

VR application is ADDIE. The ADDIE model is the generic process traditionally used

by instructional designers and training developers. Addie is an acronym for the five

stages of a development process that stand from Analysis, Design, Development,

Implementation and Evaluation as illustrated in the Figure 3.1. The ADDIE model relies

on each stage being done in the given order but with a focus on reflection and interation.

15

The model gives a streamlined, focused approach that provides feedback for continuous

improvement.

Figure 3.1 : ADDIE MODEL

3.2.1 ANALYSIS PHASE

In the analysis phase, the designer identifies the learning problem, the goals and

objectives, the user’s needs, existing knowledge, and any other relevant characteristics.

Analysis also considers the learning environment, any constraints, the delivery options,

and the timeline for the project. The analysis is also carried out by doing market survey

on existing product. So, the weakness of the existing product can be identified. The

comparison of existing product as show in Table 3.1.

Title Year

Publisher

Advantages Disadvantages

The Planet VR 2017 Attractive

layout

not interesting

Less attractive

layout

Do not have sound

16

effect

do not have

information

VR Solar System 2018 Attractive

layout

not interesting

Less attractive

layout

Do not have sound

effect

do not have

information

Solar System Scope 2018 Have sound

effect

Environment

design very

nice

Complex

information

Solar System 3D. 2019 Attractive

layout

No sound effect

Do not have

detailed information

Teks Book Science

Year 4

2014 Environment

design very

nice

Have detailed

information in

teks

Less attractive

layout

Only use 2D model

Table 3.1 : Comparison Existing Product

3.2.2 DESIGN PHASE

In the design phase deals with learning objectives, assessment instruments,

exercises, content, subject matter analysis, and lesson planning and media selection.

The design phase should be systematic specifying learning objectives. In these phases,

storyboard and prototype making. Storyboarding is also a part of multimedia design

17

process. The storyboard can show the look and feel of the application that will be

developed. Some of the storyboards can be seen in Figure 3.2 until Figure 3.5.

Figure 3.2 show the Prototype of the main menu. On this interface, there are 4

buttons. Play button, help button, credit buttons and exit buttons. If the user clicks on

the play button. Users will enter the play interface and the user can see the space in 360

view. When the user clicks on the buttons help, the user will enter the help interface.

Next, if the user clicks on the button credit, the user will enter the interface credit.

Finally, when the user clicks on exit buttons, the user will exit the application.

Figure 3.2 : Prototype Page Main Menu

Figure 3.3 show the prototype of the page play. On this interface, the user can see

the planet in 360 view. On this interface the user needs to gaze on the planet to find out

the information about the planet. In this interface there are also have 2 buttons, the home

button and exit buttons. If the user clicks on the home button, the user will return to the

main menu interface and if the user clicks on the exit button, the user will exit from the

application.

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Figure 3.3 : Prototype Page Play

Figure 3.4 shows the prototype of the credit interface, in this interface the user can

find out about the developer's information. In this interface there are also 2 buttons, a

home button and a exit button. If the user clicks on the home button, the user will return

to the main menu interface and if the user clicks the exit button, the user will exit from

the application.

Figure 3.4 : Prototype Page Credit

Gaze the planet to learn more

Gaze the planet to learn more

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Figure 3.5 shows the prototype of the help interface, in this interface the user can

find out about the function of the buttons. In this interface there are also 2 buttons, a

home button and a exit button. If the user clicks on the home button, the user will return

to the interface main menu and if the user clicks the exit button, the user will exit from

the application.

Figure 3.5 : Prototype Page Help

3.2.3 DEVELOPMENT PHASES

The development phase is where the developers create and assemble the content

assets that were created in the design phase. Multimedia applications should be used

based on the designs established through the design phase. The development of this

design refers to the process of software development using a variety of existing

applications such as programming applications, authoring, video, animation and so on.

At this phase, have three stages include pre-production, production and post production.

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3.2.4 IMPLEMENTION

During the implementation phase, a procedure for training the facilitators and the

learners is developed. The facilitators’ training should cover the course curriculum,

learning outcomes, method of delivery, and testing procedures. Preparation of the

learners include training them on new tools (software or hardware), student registration.

This is also the phase where the project manager ensures that the books, hands on

equipment, tools, CD-ROMs and software are in place, and that the learning application

or Web site is functional.

3.2.4.1 Test run

This is when the developer test runs the project by herself. This is to

ensure that the project can be used and is running accordingly.

3.2.4.2 User Test Run

Before presenting the final product, a demo version is given to alpha

and beta testers to ensure that the project is meeting their criteria.

Criticisms and constructive feedback are taken into account to be

implemented later on.

3.2.5 EVALUATE PROCESS

The evaluation phase is which the project is being subjected to meticulous final

testing regarding the what, how, why, when of the things that were accomplished of the

entire project. This phase can be broken down into two parts: Formative and Summative.

The initial evaluation actually happens during the development stage. The Formative

phase happens while students are conducting the study, while the Summative portion

occurs at the end of the program. The main goal of the evaluation stage is to determine

21

if the goals have been met, and to establish what will be required moving forward in

order to further the efficiency and success rate of the project.

3.3 FRAMEWORK

Based on the figure 3.7 show the project conducted based on the framework and

flow of process in order to achieve the aim of the project which to analysis Solar System

Virtual Reality using VR Headset can be accomplished successfully. The framework

show user has to apply VR Headset when using this application. When the user uses

VR Headset, VR Headset connect with the application. To develop this application,

needed Autodesk Maya 3D and unity. After finish develops this application, the

application gives VR view to VR Headset and VR Headset give immersive view to a

user.

Figure 3.7 : Framework

3.4 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

Software and hardware are important in the making this project as it is needed for

the application development. Table 3.2 illustrate the hardware and table 3.3 illustrate

the software are used to develop this application.

Travel Solar System(VR)Application

Travel Solar System(VR)

Application

APPLY GOOGLE

CARDBOARD

IMMERSIVE

CONNECT

VR VIEWUSER

22

HARDWARE USE FIGURE

Laptop To create the sketches for the

characters, background and

create scripts or documents

related to application. Also

used for on the go coding and

3D modelling.

External Hard

Disk

To backup all project data

VR Headset Used for test runs and overall

final product.

Headphones Used for development and

test runs of the projects as

well as used for the finished

project to amplify immersion.

23

Mobile Phone To run and test the

application.

Mouse Mouse is used during coding

and 3D modelling process.

Table 3.2 : List of Hardware requirement

24

SOFTWARE USE FIGURE

Unity Used to create the Virtual

Reality app and overall project

and animate 3D characters

Maya 2018 Used to create 3D character

models

Adobe Illustrator To design interface, posters and

logo application.

Adobe Photoshop Used to create sketches of

background, characters and

posters.

Adobe After

Effects

To edit or fine tune SFX if

required

Table 3.3 : List of software requirement

25

3.5 METHOD

The point of gaze is recorded and used in real time as an input in the user computer

interaction. Researchers in this field develop more efficient and novel human computer

interfaces to support users with and without disabilities. Person's point of gaze can be

used in a variety of ways to control user interfaces, alone or in combination with other

input modalities, such as a mouse, keyboard, sensors, or other devices. Other gaze

interaction research focuses on the more general use of real-time eye tracking data in

HCI to improve user–computer interaction and explore novel user interfaces.

3.6 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER

This chapter discussed the methodology used is to complete this project. The

selection of good methodology is very important to make sure the development of

application can be done within the exact time given. The ADDIE methodology is used

because every phase during the application development follows the project

methodology that is mentioned in this chapter. It also explains the required hardware

and software that are used in this project that guides to the success of this project.

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REFERENCES

M.Phil. ( 2012 ) An introduction to virtual reality techniques and its

applications. International Journal of Computing Algorithm, 59-62.

Richard Culatta (2019) Instructional Design Model. Retrieved from

https://www.instructionaldesign.org/models/addie/

Kurt, S. (August 29, 2017) "ADDIE Model: Instructional Design,"

in Educational Technology. Retrieved from

https://educationaltechnology.net/the-addie-model-instructional-design/

D. Herlangga (Mar 7, 2016) Virtual Reality dan Perkembangannya. Retrieved

from https://www.codepolitan.com/virtual-reality-dan-perkembangannya