solar thermal and photovoltaic - servizio di...
TRANSCRIPT
Every day the sun radiates an enormous amount of energy. The sun radiates more energy in one second than people have used since the beginning of time.
But its intensity is law and it depends on wheater conditions
The main scientific and technological challenge is the storage of solar energy flow.
Table of contents* • Solar energy
• Solar Thermal and Concentrating Solar Power
• Photovoltaic
• Types of generators
• Types of cells
• Cell and energy production data (World, Europe, Italy)
• “Conto Energia” and “Scambio sul Posto” systems.
* NOT ATTENDING STUDENTS are asked to take the exam with a good preparation of each of the topics listed above.
A) Solar Thermal
Solar thermal energy (STE) is a technology for harnessing solar energy for thermal energy (heat). A solar thermal collector is a solar collector designed to collect heat by absorbing sunlight. The term is applied to solar hot water panels, but may also be used to denote more complex installations such as solar parabolic, solar trough and solar towers or simpler installations such as solar air heat.
A1) Concentrating Solar Power
Concentrating solar
power (CSP) is a form of energy production
technology that concentrates large
amounts of solar energy onto a small
area. Here, the energy density is much higher
than that available from just beam
sunshine and the efficiencies of its
conversion to useful energy (ie electricity or steam) is much higher.
B) Photovoltaic From light to electricity
Photovoltaic (PV) systems convert sunlight directly into electricity, and are potentially one of the most useful of the renewable energy technologies
Groups of solar cells can be packaged into modules, panels and arrays to provide useful output voltages and
currents to provide a specific power output.
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1) Stand-alone PV system In Oix, La Garrotxa in rural Spain. This system consists of a 900-watt PV array with inverter and batteries. More than 60 rural homes in this mountainous area have been electrified with PV.
TYPES OF GENERATOR/PLANTS
2) Grid-connected photovoltaic power systems
are power systems energised by photovoltaic panels which are connected to the utility grid
small size
medium size
electric power plants
TYPES OF GENERATOR/PLANTS
PV power for off-shore navigational aids eliminates trips to and from shore to
refill generators with fossil fuels.
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Incentive system for PV Conto Energia
The feed-in tariff scheme was first endorsed by Italy in 2005, then updated with a new
Decree in 2007.
FITs typically include three key provisions:
• guaranteed grid access
• long-term contracts for the electricity produced
• purchase prices based on the cost of generation
Under a feed-in tariff, eligible pv generators are paid a cost-based price for the renewable electricity they produce.
SCAMBIO SUL POSTO