SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulant Materials Optically Clear OP1000, OC10-1, OG10-1 and OL10-1

Silicone & Optical Bandpass Filter Replacement & Outdoor RGB Display

SOLEPOXY CLEAR ENCAPSULANT MATERIALS

1. Overview: Summary of the product and target applications 2. Product Background: How it fits into our complete product offering 3. Markets Served 4. Key Features and Benefits 5. Process and Handling Conditions 6. Technical Data Sheet and Safety Data Sheet 7. Ordering Information

PRODUCT LAUNCH OUTLINE

SolEpoxy Optically Clear Encapsulants OP1000, OC10-1, OG10-1, OL10-1

2

OP7001 / OP7200 Clear Opto for Data Transmission

SolEpoxy Optoelectronics Product Portfolio We offer “White Reflective” and “Optically Clear” Materials

NBXXXX-XX Level 1 LED non-MAP leadframe

OP, C, G-Series Coming Soon

OP1000 Pellets Outdoor Sign RGBs on SMT LED

OG10-1 Fine Powder Fine Powder for Phosphor Blending

OL-Series

White Reflective Mold Compounds

Clear Opto Epoxy Mold Compounds

Modular Capabilities Independent of Technologies

Clear Opto Hybrid Liquid Compounds

Colors: Red, Blue, Green Incredible color stability by adding

colors to clear compounds

F is for Filter OC10-1F820

Light blocking and/or light filtering ie. @ 820nm as above

Ready for Diffusant or Phosphor

Phosphor Blending into Clear Opto Liquid is possible OL88-8

Outdoor RGB SMT Liquid Encap

3

OC10-1 Cast Pellets Mid-Power LED, Outdoor RGB

OL10-1 Mid-Power LED SMT Liquid Encap

Markets Served: Power vs. Wavelength Target applications of SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants

Pow

er

Wavelength

0.01W

10W

100W

1W

Visible

0.1W

Water / Air Disinfection / Purification

Data Transmission / Industrial Fiber 680nm Biometric Sensors & Optical Measurement 705nm

Fiber Optics Wavelengths Three main wavelengths: 850, 1300 & 1550 nm Multimode fiber: 850 and 1300 nm Singlemode fiber: 1310 and 1550 nm.

1000W

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1600 2000 4000 14000 UVC UVB UVA Near IR Infrared

10000

RGB SMT LED 450-460nm Up to 5W

White LED 450-460nm Up to 100W

UV Curing

Tanning

Medical Phototherapy

Automotive Optical Sensors Proximity / Gesture Sensors

ie. Rain Sensor, Sunload Sensor, Anti-Glare Mirror, Hand Detected Entry

705 – 1050nm

SolEpoxy Optoelectronics Target Applications : UVA (>350nm) LED applications where these perform well in the UVA range Mid-power LED SMD where these is a cheaper alternative to silicone & Mid-Power LED that mix phosphor on the fly for color binning RGB SMT LED applications that require UV resist Data Transmission/Industrial Fiber IR wavelength range where we have unique light-filtering technology that competes against expensive IR glass.

Infrared Temperature Non-contact thermometers

1600 -2000nm & 4000 – 14000nm

Distributed Feedback Laser 760nm – 2400nm 1.5mW-2.0mW standard output 5mW -20mW high power output

Analytical Instruments

Counterfeit Detection

4

Ambient Light Sensors 400 -700nm

Lumen Requirement for Various Applications A look at the devices each application demands

Lum

en R

equi

rem

ent

Target Applications

10

800

1000

25000

500

RGB display <0.1 watts/~100°C

SMD Mid Power (TV Backlighting/General Lighting)

<0.1-0.5W/~125°C

5

50

Industrial Baylights: Infrastructure Lighting 2000 – 25,000 Lumens

RGB Billboard display Through-hole RGB devices with higher lumen and higher reliability requirements. Outdoor also have UV resist requirement.

Projectors: Office projectors ~2000lm Outdoor projectors up to 10,000 Lumens

Critical Mass: Large Screen LCD Backlighting (BLU) An entire industry and infrastructure was built from 2010 to support LCD backlighting. Overcapacity led to a 75% cost decrease in mid-power devices which made them viable (in larger numbers) for general lighting. Link to article

Xenon/HID Headlights 1000-2,500 Lumens

General Lighting (450 – 2000 Lumen requirement) There are many ways to achieve required lumens. Many mid-Power LED could be used, or fewer high-power LEDs. Tradeoffs are cost vs. space vs. performance

LCD Backlighting The smaller the device (ie. Smartphone), the fewer the total lumens needed. The higher the lumens per Watt (lm/W), the fewer number of SMD LED’s needed.

SMD Low Power (Keypad backlight)

<0.1W/~80°C

SMD High Power (Baylights & Automotive Lighting)

0.5-20W watts/~150°C

Very

Low

-end

LED

Lam

p po

ttin

g

100

10000

1

Require Silicones

Focus: UV Resist Applications

Epoxy Insulating Coating Powders • Durable Dielectric Molding Compounds • Optoelectronic Compounds solepoxy.com

Interference Bandpass Filter

6

… a proven but expensive process that can run up to hundreds of dollars per piece.

An interference filter or dichroic filter is an optical filter that reflects one or more spectral bands and transmits others, with near zero absorption for all wavelengths.

… a proven, cost-effective and flexible alternative that uses filter technology.

Use Epoxy with Filter Technology

Approx. 1-2g

epoxy per part

Polished Optical Glass Filter

No option available for small parts

Optical Interference Bandpass Filters Where are the applications?

Anti-Glare, Self-Dimming Mirrors

Human Machine Interface

7

Automotive Rain Sensors

Automotive Sunload Sensor

Biometric Sensors

Consumer Gesture Control

Automotive Night Vision Sensor

Driver recognition, Lane Departure Warning

Epoxy Insulating Coating Powders • Durable Dielectric Molding Compounds • Optoelectronic Compounds solepoxy.com

Phosphor: From Cool to Warm White

8

Cool White

Neutral White

Warm White

Phosphor Blue Light

+

Warm White

Remote Phosphor vs Direct Phosphor Two approaches to achieve the same effect – warm white light!

Phosphor Applied at Die Level

LED Lamp Retrofits Both remote phosphor and phosphor applied at the die level lamps produce warm, white light. Remote phosphor lamps can use high-powered, les expensive die, but require more phosphor. Die-level applied phosphor lamps use less total phosphor, but use lower power and are less efficient.

Remote Phosphor Lamps

9

Epoxy Insulating Coating Powders • Durable Dielectric Molding Compounds • Optoelectronic Compounds solepoxy.com

SolEpoxy Optically Clear Encapsulants History

10

Cast Pellet Version of OP1000 Heat stable for 1000’s of hours @ 105°C

Cost Effective version of OP1000

MG97

Shelf Stable for 6 months @ 10°C

SolEpoxy OC10-1

Silicone Replacement Hybrid Chemistry Yields outstanding Clarity & Durability Heat stable for >7500 hours @ 125°C

Lower moisture absorption Higher MSL Performance

OP1000

MG18

Pioneered Clear Epoxy Compound in 1980’s

Silicone Replacement Liquid Liquid for high production flexibility

Heat stable for > 3000 hours @ 100°C

Shelf Stable for 6 months @ -20°C

SolEpoxy OL10-1

Fine Grind Powder version of OP1000 Heat stable for 1000’s of hours @ 105°C

Add your own Phosphor technology

Shelf Stable for 6 months @ 10°C

SolEpoxy OG10-1

Clear LED Encapsulant- Transmittance after Heat Aging Results for 1mm disk at 440nm wavelength

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

OP1000 OP7000 OP1000A MG18

Elapsed Time (hours)

Tran

smis

sion

%

SolEpoxy™ OP1000 is very heat-stable @440nm, even after 7,500 hours @125⁰C

Data is similar for 460nm wavelength transmission

BEFORE

AFTER 7,500 hours @ 125⁰C

Typical Epoxy

OC10-1: Silicone Replacement Hybrid Clear Pellet

12

SolEpoxy OC10-1 Product Features & Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED Cost Effective alternative to even OP1000 with a draft angle High (>90%) transmission from 270nm – 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000’s of hours at temperatures of 105°C Shelf-Life stability is >18mos @ 5°C

Target Applications:

Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105°C Sensor applications, including:

Leadless MAP devices IR sensors with unique light-filtering technology UV sensors operating at >350nm

Other Potential Applications:

UV LED applications that require high transmittance >350nm Outdoor RGB SMT LED applications that require UV Resist

Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications

Product Features & Benefits: Cheaper alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED High (>90%) transmission from 270nm – 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000’s of hours at temperatures of 105°C Shelf-Life stability is >18mos @ 5°C

Target Applications: Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105°C Allows customers to add their own phosphor to be able to do their own color binning.

OG10-1: Silicone Replacement Liquid Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications

13

SolEpoxy OG10-1

Product Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED High (>90%) transmission from 270nm – 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000’s of hours at temperatures of 105°C Shelf-Life stability is >6mos @ -20°C (compared to -40°C) Allows you to do your own color-binning using own phosphor Very high adhesion to various plastics (grim-death comparison ) Outstanding toughness and moisture resistance

Target Applications:

Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105°C Applications that are still low volume and require high flexibility Sensor applications, including:

Leadless MAP devices IR sensors with unique light-filtering technology UV sensors operating at >350nm

Other Potential Applications:

UV LED applications that require high transmittance >350nm Mid-Power LED applications that require phosphor mixing

OL10-1: Silicone Replacement Liquid

14

SolEpoxy OL10-1

Key Features, Benefits and Target Applications

Product Benefits: Cost Effective alternative to silicone for encapsulant of Mid Power LED High (>90%) transmission from 270nm – 14,000nm Non-yellowing after 1000’s of hours at temperatures of 105°C Shelf-Life stability is >18mos @ 5°C Allows you to do your own color-binning using own phosphor Very high adhesion to various plastics (grim-death comparison ) Outstanding toughness and moisture resistance

Target Applications:

Mid-Power LED SMD that have a junction temperature (Tj) < 105°C Applications that do not yet use an auto-feed transfer mold equipment

Other Potential Applications:

UV LED applications that require high transmittance >350nm Outdoor RGB SMT LED applications that require UV Resist Mid-Power LED applications that require phosphor mixing

OC10-1: Silicone Replacement Cast Compound Key Features and Benefits

15

SolEpoxy OC10-1

Encapsulation Alternatives for Mid-Power LED SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants vs Alternatives

16

Essentially, silicone is over-engineered for many of the applications that use it.

Property SolEpoxy OC10-1

Hybrid Cast Clear Pellets

Alternatives

OL10-1 Hybrid Liquid CMC

OP1000 Hybrid CMC

Dimethyl Silicone

Phenyl Silicone

Transmission (Initial) ■■■■ >90% @ 270nm

■■■■ >90% @ 270nm

■■■■ >90% @ 270nm

■■□□ >90% @ 320nm

■■□□ >90% @ 320nm

Heat Resistance ■■■□ Tj < 125°C

■■□□ Tj < 105°C

■■■□ Tj < 125°C

■■■■ Tj < 170°C

■■■■ Tj < 150°C

UV Resistance ■■■□ ■■■□ ■■■□ ■■■■ ■■■□

Adhesion ■■■■ Epoxy/PPA/PCT/Ag

■■■■ Epoxy/PPA/PCT/Ag

■■■■ Epoxy/PPA/PCT/Ag

■□□□ OK to Silicone/PPA

■□□□ OK to Silicone/PPA

Gas Permeability (Sulphur) ■■■■ ■■■■ ■■■■ □□□□ ■■□□ Rigidity (E Modulus) ■■■■ ■■■■ ■■■■ ■□□□ ■■□□

Refractive Index (Efficiency) ■■■□ 1.51

■■■□ 1.51

■■■□ 1.51

□□□□ 1.41

■■■■ 1.58

Production Flexibility ■□□□ Transfer Mold

■■■□ Dispense

■□□□ Transfer Mold

■■■■ Dispense/Compress

■■■■ Dispense/Compress

Production Efficiency ■■■■ ■■□□ ■■■■ ■■■□ ■■■□

Shelf Life ■■■■ 18 months @ 5°C

■□□□ 6 months@ -20°C

■■■■ 18 months @ 5°C

■■■■ 6 months @ 5°C

■■■■ 6 months @ 5°C

Material Cost ■■■□ ■■■□ ■■■□ ■□□□ □□□□

□□□□ Worst ■□□□ Poor ■■□□ Fair ■■■□ Good ■■■■ Best

Silicone is non-yellowing but mechanical properties are poor The 3+ Known Problems with Silicones

1. Soft & Sticky Pressure on silicone can break wires. Dust on silicone will stick and reduce

light output

2. Delamination De-lamination at PPA/PCT interface with Silicone – creates “dark spots” –

reduces reflectivity & light output

3. Porosity Water and chemicals can

penetrate and corrode silver to black – reducing

reflectivity

4. Cost Water and chemicals can

penetrate and corrode silver to black – reducing

reflectivity

5. Rigidity Water and chemicals can

penetrate and corrode silver to black – reducing

reflectivity

SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants Refractive Index and Reflow Resistance

18

1

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

DimethylSilicone Phenyl

Silicone SolEpoxyClear

Refractive Index @ 400nm

High Refractive Index Higher RI translates to higher light output, and thus

higher efficiency

Designed for SMT Reflow Stable optical and mechanical properties even after

3x IR reflow at 260°C

Transmittance of 1mm after 3x 260C Reflow

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000Tr

ansm

ittan

ce (%

) Wavelength (nm)

In-situ testing reveals that with thicknesses <0.1mm that SolEpoxy Clear

Encapsulants have a transmittance similar to quartz glass

Clear Encaps

<0.1 mm thick

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

350 450 550 650 750 850 950 1050

OC10-1 - 1mm - 0hrs

OC10-1 - 1mm - 3000hrs

Optically Clear Encapsulants Initially & after Aging Transmittance after Aging @ 100°C, 3000 hours, 1 mm thick

% T

rans

mis

sion

Wavelength, nm 19

Transmission @ 460nm Initial: 90.39%

After 3,000 hours @ 100°C: 87.95% (Δ = 2.7%) ** In very thin sections (ie. 6um thick spin coating quantum dots on a wafer) OC10-1 had very high transmission (similar to quartz) even at 250 nm wavelength!

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

375 475 575 675 775 875 975

OL10-1 Initially & after Aging Transmittance after Aging @ 105°C, 2000 hours, 1 mm thick

% T

rans

mis

sion

Wavelength, nm 20

Transmission >90% @ 450nm No degradation above 450 nm

Less than 1% transmittance loss after 2000 hours @ 105˚C

OL10-1 1mm thick 0hrs

OL10-1 1mm thick 2000 hrs

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

375 475 575 675 775 875 975

OL10-1 Initially & after Aging (Normalized) Transmittance after Aging @ 105°C, 2000 hours, 1 mm thick

% T

rans

mis

sion

Wavelength, nm 21

Normalized for 100% Transmission No degradation above 450 nm

Less than 1% transmittance loss after 2000 hours @ 105˚C

OL10-1 1mm thick 0hrs

OL10-1 1mm thick 2000 hrs

Refractive Index Comparison Comparison of SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants

Samples prepared 10/2014, test data 11/2014 by J. A. Woollam Co. on a M-2000 Model: DI Samples: 1 mm thickness Opto MC PB for 4 hr @ 150°C Opto Liquid PB for 2 hr @ 150°C

OP1000 OC10-1 OG10-1 OL10-1

SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants Transmission Data before and after heat exposure

23

Transmission data at T=0

OC10-1 OL1000

OC10-1 has good transmission initially… …and after 500 hours @ 125°C

OC10-1 OL1000

Transmission data at T= 500 hours

4hr PB

2hr PB130.0132.0

134.0

136.0

138.0

140.0

142.0

144.0

146.0

148.0

150.0

OL10-1 OC10-1 OP1000

Glass Transition Temperature (Tg), °C With 2hr & 4hr Postbake @ 150°C

4hr PB

2hr PB0.00%

0.10%

0.20%

0.30%

0.40%

0.50%

0.60%

OL10-1 OC10-1 OP1000

Moisture Absorption, % After 1 hour boil @ 100°C

With 2hr & 4hr Postbake @ 150°C

SolEpoxy Clear Encaps better MSL Performance Designed with lower moisture absorption & higher Tg

Low Moisture Absorption Means less pop-corning and better MSL

performance

High Tg High glass transition temperatures of

SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants

24

CuAg

NiPdAu

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

50.00

OP1000 OG10-1 OC10-1

Adhesion to various plating surfaces

SolEpoxy Clear Encaps Adhesion Data Designed for Copper, Silver and Preplated Leadframes

High Adhesion Proven on Cu, Ag and NiPdAu leadframes

25

Adhe

sion

, kgf

75

80

85

90

95

100

350 550 750 950

Tota

l Tra

nsm

ittan

ce (%

)

Wavelength (nm)

NB2917-25 - 1mm

OP1000 - 1mmOC10-1 OP1000

SolEpoxy Clear Encapsulants Summary of Properties Cured Properties* *After 4 hrs @ 150°C

OP1000 OC10-1 OG10-1 OL10-1

Sunshine Gel Time @ 125°C, min N/A N/A N/A 24

Viscosity Initial, Cps After 7 hrs @ 25°C

2800 3800

Transmittance @ 460nm Initial, %

-

-

-

91.85%

Refractive Index @ 460nm 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52

Mold Shrinkage, % TBD TBD TBD 1.07%

Glass Transition Temperature, °C 139 139 139 152

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, ppm/°C Alpha 1 Alpha 2

80

161

80

161

80

161

67

171

Die Shear Adhesion, lbs (kg) Glass Epoxy, FR4 Copper, Cu

TBD () TBD ()

TBD () TBD ()

TBD () TBD ()

TBD () TBD ()

Water Absorption after 4hs@150°C, % Boiling Water, 1 hour

0.48%

0.44%

0.48%

0.25%

Flexural Properties after 4hrs @150°C Flexural Strength, MPa (psi) Flexural Modulus, GPa (Mpsi) Flexural Toughness, MPa (psi)

110 MPa (16,830 psi)

N/A N/A

110 MPa (16,830 psi)

N/A N/A

110 MPa (16,830 psi)

N/A N/A

122 MPa (17,695 psi) 2.8 GPa (0.41 Mpsi)

2.51 MPa (363,000 psi)

26

Light Filtering Version for IR Devices Transmission Data, 1mm, molded 2 hrs @ 150C

50

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Tran

smitt

ance

, %

Wavelength, nm

Cuts out all visible light. Transmission below 800nm < 1%

Transmission @ 950nm > 85%

820