solid rocket propellant research linda kelly john marshall hs-northside isd faculty mentor - eric...
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Solid Rocket Propellant Research
Linda KellyJohn Marshall HS-Northside ISD
Faculty Mentor- Eric Petersen, Ph.D.
Mechanical Engineering Dept.Texas A&M University
Solid Propellant ResearchApplications
Rocket Fuel
Offshore Drilling
Deploy Air Bags
Solid Propellant ResearchRocket Power = Combustion Rx
• NH4ClO4 = oxidizer
• Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene hydrocabon chain = binder and fuel
• Isophorone Diisocyanate = curing agent
• additives
Solid Propellant ResearchSummary of methods
The substances are mixed under vacuum to remove gaseous contaminants.
Solid Propellant ResearchSummary of methods
The mixed substances are extruded under vacuum into Teflon tubing, cured, and cut into 1-inch pieces.
Solid Propellant ResearchTesting
Samples are mounted in the high-pressure strand burner
Solid Propellant ResearchTesting
Ignition and data collection are done remotely
Propellant Testing
Video Stills from a Propellant Test
AnalysisAnalysis
Determining Burning Rate
t r = tX
X
Burning Rate
MotivationMotivation
Tailor Burning Rate to Application Objective
• Develop Baseline Propellant of AP and Binder• Utilize Additives to Modify Combustion
10 100 2000.3
1
1.2
1
Bur
ning
Rat
e (c
m/s
)
Pressure (atm)
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4
10 100 2000.3
1
1.2
1
Bur
ning
Rat
e (c
m/s
)
Pressure (atm)
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4
r = aPn
Baseline
10 100 2000.3
1
1.2
1
Bur
ning
Rat
e (c
m/s
)
Pressure (atm)
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4
10 100 2000.3
1
1.2
1
Bur
ning
Rat
e (c
m/s
)
Pressure (atm)
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4
r = aPn
Baseline
Solid Propellant ResearchOverview of procedure
AP crystals
+HC fuel… made
intopropellantsamples
ignited
data collected
& analyzed Where
do I fit?
Solid Propellant ResearchBackground data
Variety of crystal sizes in AP
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
2
4
6
8
10
Pe
rce
nt
Diameter, Microns
0 100 200 300 400 500 6000
2
4
6
8
10
Pe
rce
nt
Diameter, Microns
Solid Propellant ResearchBackground data
Different types of
burning achieved
with various sizes
of particles
Solid Rocket PropellantMy project
• Attain crystal images with microscopy and digital photography
• Enhance images with Photoshop
• Size crystals with IQMaterials software
• Analyze data with Excel
• Standardize the procedure for the size distribution in a sample of NH4ClO4 started by Matthew Janish
Solid Propellant ResearchMy project--the beginning
Solid Propellant ResearchBurning questions
• How is AP synthesized?
• What is the crystalline structure—it’s not cubic, monoclinic, orthorhombic… that other crystals are?
• How does this supply of AP compare with previous data?
Solid Propellant ResearchClassroom activity
Task: determine the mathematical attributes and size distribution of a sample of rocket propellant
Given samples, students determine mass, volume, density, surface area, perimeter, size distribution
Use appropriate units, show sample calculations, graph distribution of particles
TEKS: Chemistry 1,2,3 Physics 1,2,3ACD
Solid Propellant ResearchSpecial Thanks
• Dr. Eric Petersen
• Kevin Kreitz
• Tom Sammet
• Tyler Allen• Nicole, Will, Jonas, Nolan, Madeleine, Sean
• NSF
• A&M partners
Solid Propellant ResearchResources
• Graph of burn rate and diameters from Jeppson, M.B., Beckstead M.W., Jing, Q., “A Kinetic model for the Premixed Combustion of a Fine AP/HTPB Composite Propellant,” 36th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 1998, AIAA Paper 98-0447.
• Images and information from Kevin Kreitz presentation, May 27, 2009
• Images from Microsoft Office clipart• Image of crystals by Matthew Janish; Ammonium
Perchlorate Particle Sizing, August, 2007
That’s rocket science.