solid waste management presentation by henry kazula

Scattering of Solid Wastes-

Plastic bags in town and cities:

26th JUNE 2015 @ UNIVERSITY OF ARUSHA,TANZANIA

Mr. Henry Kazula MSc. student, Environmental Science & Engineering at NM-AIST

Founder and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Jielimishe Kwanza! Social Enterprise,

Managing director of “Enviro-Forum” project

Who is responsible? What is the way forward?

July 4, 2015 www.jielimishekwanza.blogspot.com 2

Photo: Arusha municipal dumpsite at Murriet 12Km South of the City.(February 2014)

Outlines:

July 4, 2015 www.jielimishekwanza.wordpress..com

3

SECTION 1: 1.  Solid Waste Management (SWM) in Tanzania-

General understanding 2.  Challenges to SWM-Plastic bags 3.  Government Initiative to SWM-Plastic bags 4.  Opportunities to SWM-Plastic bags 5.  Way forward and recommendations to SWM SECTION 2: Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice-SWM

1.1 Solid Waste Management (SWM) in Tanzania-General understanding

July 4, 2015 www.jielimishekwanza.blogspot.com

4

¨  Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is associated with the control of waste generation, its storage, collection, segregation & processing &transformation, transfer and transport, and disposal in a manner that is in accordance with the best principles of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetics, public attitude and o t he r env i ronmen ta l con s ide ra t i on s . (Ramachandra. T.V., et.al., 2014)

Figure 1.0 Functional Elements of Solid Waste Management System

Waste generation

Waste handling, separation, storage and processing at the source

Collection

Disposal

Transfer and transport Segregation & processing &

transformation of solid waste

Figure 2.0 Functional Elements of Solid Waste Management System


6

Source:wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in

1.1 Solid Waste Management (SWM) in Tanzania-

General understanding


7

NATIONAL POLICY: ¨  ''solid waste management'' means an essential service that

is provided to protect the environment and public health, promote hygiene, recover materials, avoid waste, reduce waste quantities, decrease emission and residuals and prevent the spread of diseases (EMA,2004 Act No. 20, 2004, Tanzania).

¨  Solid waste management (collection, transportation and disposal) is one of the key duties of all urban authorities in Tanzania. (Ntakamulenga, 2012).

¨  This is a legal obligation in accordance with the Local Government Act 1982 section 55 (g) and the Environmental Management Act of 2004.

Shopping…

July 4, 2015

8

www.jielimishekwanza.wordpress.com

(Frederic J. Brown/AFP/Getty Images)

Managing Plastic bags:


9

¨  Managing plastic bags means knowing how to use and store them properly so that they can be reused many times, and knowing how they can be recycled when their useful life has come to an end. (Casanova,2012).

¨  The 3Rs — Reduce, Reuse and Recycle — of Solid Waste Management (SWM) also apply to plastic bags.

1.2 Challenges to SWM-Plastic bags

July 4, 2015

10

¨  Recycling: Plastic bags rarely recycled!

Why? -More cost is incurred on recycling than making a new plastic bag… -Easily to use and durable (disposable) -Accessible for low price (TZS 100-500) in the market -Sometimes freely offered ¨  The storage and disposing place/site of waste at the source of

generation, especially at the household level in salvaged drums/tins, paper bags, plastic paper bags, jute bags, sacks, or even just being thrown on the bear ground. Making it difficult for its collection, and hence its accumulation in household vicinity


1.3 Government Initiative to SWM-Plastic bags

July 4, 2015

11

¨  In late 2011 Tanzania imposed a blanket ban on plastic bags between 30 and 65 microns thick in a bid to protect the environment. The East African Newspaper: Saturday, September 29th, 2012 at 17:57 by ADAM IHUCHA Special Correspondent.


??????

July 4, 2015

12


Shopping bags in the market! Effective Environmental

Management policy?

© www.jielimishekwanza.blogspot.com (4th May 2014)

A total ban on plastic bags will only gloss over the lack of an

effective Environmental Management policy.

1.3 Government Initiative to SWM-Plastic bags


13

Another Initiatives: ¨  Industry owners and investors are encouraged to

promote the production of alternative bags in place of plastic bags, such as paper manufactured bags.

¨  The government has engaged the private sector, Non Governmental Organizations and community Based Organizations to be involved in solid waste management (SWM) services.

¨  Private sector and investors are encouraged to establish solid waste recycling systems in order to minimize the amount of the non-degradable waste materials.

1.4 Opportunities to SWM-Plastic bags


14

¨  Waste from plastic bags are huge: Appropriate recycling plan to make valuable materials can open doors to employment.

¨  Alternatives bags which are biodegradable can be manufactured to create small industry

1.5 Way forward and recommendations to SWM

¨  Reduce application of plastic bags, have your own bag you will use for several time

¨  Reuse your plastic bags, don’t throw them away

¨  Recycle??? Modern Technology-Nanotechnology?

Practice! Practice! Practice!

Leave a Place Cleaner than Before!

July 4, 2015

15

www.jielimishekwanza.blogspot.com

What about practice?

1.5 Way forward and recommendations to SWM…continue

¨  Adopting a new approach- “Industrial Ecology”

¨  In ecological systems there are no wastes

-Solid waste from one system being a raw material (food) to another system.

July 4, 2015

16

www.jielimishekwanza.blogspot.com

Cyclic approach

Image: Prof.Karoli Njau Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and technology(NM-AIST)

# MTAZAMO WAKO NI UPI? www.jielimishekwanza.blogspot.com

July 4, 2015

17

SECTION 2: Attitude, Practice, Awareness and Knowledge, Towards SWM

WHAT IS YOUR ATTITUDE?

2.2 Attitude and Practice


18

¨  The perceptions and attitudes are learned response and can therefore be modified or changed through education (George 2004). Formal education from different levels can help in understanding good Waste Management Practices.

¨  How do people perceive SWM? -putting the environment clean, it is the duty of the Municipal Council.

2.2 Attitude and Practice…continue


19

¨  Practices: -Some households threw their solid wastes in the waterways (canals and drains) especially during rainy season. Resulting Problem? This in turn blocked the waterways causing overflow of water (floods) and even damaging the road infrastructures and bringing problems to many people. Also, is a threat to marine organisms and water quality. -“Throwing away mentality” : Throwing away of plastic bottles, plastic bags and other solid wastes to the environment Resulting Problem?....

2.1 Awareness and Knowledge


20

“To know and not to do, is really not to know. To learn and not to do is not to learn.”

Stephen R.Covey-The 8th Habit: From Effectiveness to Greatness

2.1 Awareness and Knowledge…continue


21

¨  Knowledge on SWM ¨  Most people i.e. educated; have knowledge

concerning SWM, but it is not consistent with their attitude.

¨  There is negative attitude towards SWM! ¨  We need to apply that Knowledge (Practice) to

change the attitude and way of thinking about SWM. Having knowledge from education is one thing,

applying that knowledge is another thing.

2.1 Awareness and Knowledge…continue


22

¨  Creating Awareness about SWM : It is a critical component of effective waste management. It is important for key stakeholders to be aware of a town’s or city’s waste management activities and have a strong understanding of the benefits of proper solid waste management.

How? -Joint efforts of stakeholders; workshop and seminar -Through campaigns to change attitudes, education and information about waste management-should be “community driven”, -Environmental education, -Being the first one to act i.e. transforming people with action as “action speak louder than words” e.g. VOICE GIVING, NIPE FAGIO

References:


23

¨  Environmental Management Act 2004, Act No. 20, 2004, Tanzania. ¨  George F (2004) Problems of Solid Waste Management in Nima, Accra.

Undergrad Res J Hum Sci 2. Available at: http://www.kon.org/urc/v6/george.html. Accessed on 7th February, 2015.

¨  Ramachandra. T.V., Shwetmala and Dania M. Thomas, 2014. Carbon Footprint of Solid Waste Sector in Greater Bangalore., Assessment of Carbon Footprint in Different Industrial Sectors, Volume 1,, EcoProduction, Pages 265–292. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-4560-41-2_11

¨  Robert Ntakamulenga, (2012). The Status Of Solid Waste Management In Tanzania: Director for ECE, National Environment Management Council(NEMC).

¨  Lilia Casanova,(2012). Plastic bags should be managed, not banned. Executive director of the Center for Advanced Philippine Studies, and a board member of the Solid Waste Management Association of the Philippines. http://www.scidev.net/asia-pacific/pollution/opinion/plastic-bags-should-be-managed-not-banned.html

July 4, 2015

24

…I do appreciate your attention!

“Be The Change You Want To See In Your World”-

Mahtma Gandhi.

© Jielimishe Kwanza! Social Enterprise, (2014)

July 4, 2015 www.jielimishekwanza.wordpress.com 25

Enviro-Forum “Make It for Positive Change”

Online forum www.enviroforum.co.tz (Under construction)

solid waste management presentation by henry kazula

Documents