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Solidose300/308/400

Digital Dosemeters

NOTICE

RTI Electronics AB reserves the rights to make changes in the Solidose300/308/400 and the information contained in this document without notice.RTI Electronics AB assumes no responsibility for any errors or consequentialdamages that may result from the use or misinterpretation of any informationcontained in this document. © Copyright 1997-2005, RTI Electronics AB.

All rights reserved. Contents of this document may not be reproduced in anyform without permission from RTI Electronics AB.

NOTE!

This manual is valid for Solidose 300 with the following versions:

2.0, 2.0a, 2.0b, 1.0/2.0b, 2.0/2.0b, 2.0/2.1A, 2.0/2.1B, and 2.1/3.0A.

This manual is valid for Solidose 308 with the following versions:

1.0/1.0A-E, and 1.1/2.0A.This manual is valid for Solidose 400 with the following versions:

2.0X, 2.1, 2.0/2.1, 3.0/2.1, 3.0/2.2A, 3.1/2.3A, and 3.2/3.0A.

IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.HP is a registered trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company.AppleTalk and Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Incorporated.Microsoft, Windows, and Windows 95 are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation

RTI Electronics AB Phone: Int +46 31 746 36 00Flöjelbergsgatan 8 C Fax: Int +46 31 270573SE-431 37 MÖLNDAL E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.rti.se

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B I-1

NOTICE

PREFACE

Chapter 1 Gives an introduction to the Solidose family of dosemeters. This chapter also explains the differencesbetween the different models.

Chapter 2 Shortform instructions. For you who want to startmeasuring with the Solidose without reading chapters 3to 6.

Chapter 3 General description of the Solidose.The general functions, controls, and connectors areexplained.

Chapter 4 Complete description of all functions in the Solidose.

Chapter 5 Shows how to perform different measurements withthe Solidose.

Chapter 6 Useful hints when measuring with the Solidose.

Chapter 7 Complete description of remote control of the Solidose.

Chapter 8 Information about different error messages given by theSolidose.

Chapter 9 Description of all available accessories for the Solidose.

Chapter 10 Precautions and maintenance.

I-2 2005-10/3.0B Solidose Manual

PREFACE

Chapter 11 Specifications

Appendix A Information about other products fromRTI Electronics AB and a Problem Report document.

Appendix B Contains a shortform detector selection guide withinformation about detectors (dose, light), available for theSolidose 300 and 400.

Index Contains an index register

It is advisable to read the manual at least once to gain familiarity with

the terms used and the capabilities of the Solidose 300/308/400. It is,

however, possible to use the Solidose and make measurements quickly

with a minimum of reading. To do this use the SHORTFORM

INSTRUCTIONS in chapter 2.

This manual is written for all the models of the Solidose, with the model 300as standard. The differences for the 308 and 400 models are pointed out withspecial markings, as described in sections 1.2. and 1.3.References in this manual to the name Solidose are valid for all models.References with specified model number are valid for that model only.

Note! The Solidose 300/308/400 models are intended for service and

quality control of diagnostic X-ray equipment. They are not intended

for use during or together with diagnostic examinations of patients.

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B I-3

PREFACE

This page is intentionally blank.

I-4 2005-10/3.0B Solidose Manual

PREFACE

Table of Contents

NOTICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1

PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1. A Short Presentation of the Solidose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.2. Differences between the Solidose 300 and the Solidose 308 . . 1-2

1.3. Differences between the Solidose 300 and the Solidose 400 . . 1-2

Chapter 2

SHORTFORM INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.1. Quick Start. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2. Main Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2.1. Dose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2.2. Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.2.3. Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.3. The ADI System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.4. Special Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2.4.1. AUX (Auxiliary Functions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2.4.1.1 Remote Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2.4.1.2 Free Run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

2.4.1.3 User Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4.1.4 Bias Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4.1.5 TP-Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4.1.6 Detector Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4.1.7 Battery Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4.1.8 Version Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4.1.9 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2.4.2. APP (Application Functions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.4.2.1 Reproducibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.4.2.2 HVL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.4.2.3 Relative mAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.4.2.4 Dose/Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B II-1

Table of Contents

2.4.2.5 Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.2.6 Moving Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.2.7 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.3. SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.3.1 Reset Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.3.2 Prompt Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.3.3 Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.3.4 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4.3.5 Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.3.6 Edit User Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.3.7 Unit of Measure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.3.8 Baud Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.3.9 Recall Factory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.3.10 Save Settings as Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.4.3.11 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

Chapter 3

DESCRIPTION OF THE SOLIDOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1. Description of the Top Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.2. Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

3.3. The ADI System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

3.4. Installation of Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.5. Power On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Chapter 4

FUNCTIONS OF THE SOLIDOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1. Main Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1.1. DOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1.2. RATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.1.3. RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.2. The Menu System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.2.1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.2.2. How to Exit a Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.2.3. How to Enter a Value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.2.4. Graphic Descriptions Used in this Section . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.3. Special Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

4.3.1. AUX - The Auxiliary Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

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Table of Contents

4.3.1.1 Remote Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4.3.1.2 Free Run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

4.3.1.3 User Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

4.3.1.4 Bias Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

4.3.1.5 TP-Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

4.3.1.6 Detector Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

4.3.1.7 Battery Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.3.1.8 Version Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.3.1.9 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

4.3.2. APP - The Application Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

4.3.2.1 Reproducibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

4.3.2.2 HVL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

4.3.2.3 Relative mAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

4.3.2.4 Dose/Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

4.3.2.5 Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

4.3.2.6 Moving Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

4.3.2.7 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

4.3.3. SET - To Customise the Solidose . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

4.3.3.1 Reset Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

4.3.3.2 Prompt Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

4.3.3.3 Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

4.3.3.4 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

4.3.3.5 Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24

4.3.3.6 Edit User Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24

4.3.3.7 Unit of Measure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

4.3.3.8 Baud Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

4.3.3.9 Recall Factory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

4.3.3.10 Save Settings as Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

4.3.3.11 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

Chapter 5

MEASUREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.1. Using Solid State Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

5.2. Example 1: Measuring Air Kerma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

5.2.1. Setup of the Detector:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

5.2.2. Powering on the Solidose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Table of Contents


5.3. Example 2: Measurement on an Image Intensifier . . . . . . . 5-3

5.3.1. Setup of the Detector:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3


5.4. Example 3: Measuring HVL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

5.4.1. Setup Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6


5.5. Example 4: Measuring Luminance of a Monitor with the LightDetector L100/M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

5.5.1. Setup of the Light Detector L100/M . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8


Chapter 6

MEASURING HINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

6.1. The Solidose Measures when the Rotation of the Tube Starts . 6-1

6.2. The Solidose Starts to Measure Immediately after Reset . . . . 6-2

6.3. No Reading when Measuring and Adjusting Very Low Entrance DoseRate Values to an Image Intensifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Chapter 7

REMOTE CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

7.1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

7.2. Installation of the WinRAD Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

7.3. Initialise and Connect the Solidose for Remote Control . . . . 7-2

7.4. Communication Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

7.5. Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

7.6. Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

7.6.1. Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

7.6.2. Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

7.6.3. Floating Point Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

7.6.4. Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

7.6.5. Some Special Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

7.6.5.1 Calibration Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

7.6.5.2 ADI Loading in Remote Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

7.6.5.3 Checking if the Solidose is Measuring . . . . . . . . . 7-8

7.6.5.4 Battery Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

7.6.5.5 Free Run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8


Table of Contents

7.7. Overflow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

7.8. Initial Settings in Remote Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

7.9. Error Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Chapter 8

ERROR MESSAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Chapter 9

ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1. Accessories for the Solidose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1.1. Detectors (dose, light) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1.2. ADP-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1.3. MAS-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1.4. MAS-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1.5. MAS-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.1.6. EXT-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.1.7. HVL Stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.1.8. HVL Filter Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.1.9. External Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.1.10. Carrying Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.1.11. CAS-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.1.12. MAGNA 1cc, Ion Chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.1.13. WDCT10, CT Ion Chamber with LEMO Connector . . . 9-3

9.1.14. WDCT10, CT Ion Chamber with BNC-banana Connector 9-3

Chapter 10

PRECAUTIONS AND MAINTENANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

10.1. Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

10.2. Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2

Chapter 11

SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

11.1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

11.2. General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2

11.3. Electrometer Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3

11.4. Dosemeter (Electrometer + Detector) Specifications . . . . . 11-4

11.5. RTI/S1 Serial Interface Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6

11.6. Manufacturers Declaration of Conformity. . . . . . . . . . . 11-7


Table of Contents

11.7. Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) . . . . . 11-8

Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

A.1. Other Products Available from RTI Electronics . . . . . . . . A-2

A.2. Problem Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

B.1. Shortform Detector Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i-1


Table of Contents

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1. A Short Presentation of the Solidose

The Solidose is a fully automatic, microprocessor controlled dose and doserate meter for service and quality control of diagnostic X-ray equipment. Itconsists of a solid state detector (R100 as standard) together with a sensitiveelectrometer. The electrometer measures and converts the ionization currentfrom the detector into dosimetrical units and presents the results in thedisplay.The Solidose features handy, built-in applications to simplify basicmeasurement needs. The Solidose is easy to use with large buttons and aninformative display. The Solidose has a serial interface as standard, forcollection of data. The design is based on years of experience with diagnosticdosemeters.

The main features of the Solidose:

• A single measuring range covering more than six decades (>120 dB).

• Handles low input dose rate measurements to image intensifiers as well asradiographic exposures.

• The R100 solid state detector as standard. Other detectors fromRTI Electronics can be used because of the ADI system (not valid for model 308).

• Automatic Detector Identification (ADI) system (not valid for model 308), fullycompatible with the PMX-III X-ray multimeter.

• Built to fulfil international dosemeter standards.

• Built-in applications such as HVL and reproducibility.

• RS-232 computer interface to IBM PC, Macintosh, HP Palmtop, or any computerwith RS-232 interface.

• Battery operated or external power supply.

• Ion-chamber bias support with temperature and pressure software compensation(model 400 only).

• Moving Average function for low level measurement (e.g. scatter) (400 only).

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B 1-1

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

This manual is written for all the models of the Solidose, with model 300 asthe standard. The differences for the 308 and 400 models are pointed out withspecial markings, as described in the next sections.References in this manual to the name Solidose are valid for all models.References with specified model number are valid for that model only.

1.2. Differences between the Solidose 300 and theSolidose 308

The main differences between the two models are listed below:

• The Solidose 308 does not use the ADI system, see section 3.3.Instead the calibration data of a particular R100 detector is stored in theSolidose 308 itself. This means that you CAN and MUST only use thededicated R100 detector for the Solidose 308.

• Since the Solidose 308 only supports a single radiation quality, it comesin four different models: 308/A, 308/B, 308/C, and 308/D. Thesecorresponds to the 8/A, 8/B, 8/C, and 8/D ADIs.

• The function Free run (section 4.3.1.2), under the AUX menu, is notpresent in the Solidose 308.

• The function User factor (section 4.3.1.3), under the AUX menu, is notpresent in the Solidose 308.

• The function Edit User factor (section 4.3.3.6), under the SET menu, isnot present in the Solidose 308.

In this manual this sign, , indicates that the function described is notvalid for the Solidose 308 and therefore valid only for the Solidose 300/400.The text “(not 308)” also indicates that the function is not present in theSolidose 308.

1.3. Differences between the Solidose 300 and theSolidose 400

The main additions in the Solidose 400 are listed below:

• The Solidose 400 has bias support, i.e. the electrometer can be floatingon the bias voltage level. This means that it can be used with ion

1-2 2005-10/3.0B Solidose Manual

INTRODUCTION Chapter 1

chambers that has a triaxial connector, i.e. bayonet or thread connector.

• Bias voltage: the bias voltage is set by the ADI module or can beadjusted by means of the keypad, approximately 75 - 315 V.

• Built-in software compensation for temperature and pressure.

• Moving average function for low level measurements (e.g. Scatter).

You should have in mind that the dose and dose rate values are only

compensated with the TP-factor if:

• BIAS is activated due to an ADI module.

or if

• BIAS is activated and the user has chosen the User factor function.

In this manual this sign, , indicates that the function described onlyis valid for the Solidose 400 and therefore not valid for the Solidose 300/308.The text “(only 400)” also indicates that the function is only present in theSolidose 400.


Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION



INTRODUCTION Chapter 1

Chapter 2

SHORTFORM INSTRUCTIONS

2.1. Quick Start

These instructions gives only a brief description of how to measure with theSolidose. The description assume that you already are familiar with theconcept of the Solidose, i.e. how to setup the detector and use of the ADIsystem as well as basic knowledge about the main functions of theinstrument. It is also assumed that you already have installed the batteries.

1. Setup your detector according to your application.

2. Connect the detector and attached ADI module (not 308) to the Solidose.

3. Switch on the Solidose.

4. After start up of the Solidose, your selected detector and beam quality (ADI module)should be shown in the upper, right corner of the display (e.g. 8-b- for detector R100with ADI module 8/B).

5. Select main function of the Solidose, i.e. DOSE or RATE.

6. Select appropriate exposure settings on your X-ray generator.

7. Make an exposure.

8. Measured values are presented in the display of the Solidose.

2.2. Main Functions

The fundamental functions of the Solidose are Dose, Rate, and Reset. Thesefunctions have been given highest priority in the overall user interface of theSolidose, i.e. one key for each function.

2.2.1. Dose

This is the default function at power up. The dose value is calculated from themeasured charge by the electrometer and the calibration factor in the ADImodule. If no ADI module is connected, the measured charge is presented.


Chapter 2 SHORTFORM INSTRUCTIONS

2.2.2. Rate

The dose rate value is calculated from the measured current by theelectrometer and the calibration factor in the ADI module. If no ADI moduleis connected, the measured current is presented.

2.2.3. Reset

This key has three purposes.

1. If the Solidose is in a mode where it actually measures dose or doserate (charge orcurrent) this key resets the display and measures the offset current from the detector. Itis therefore of great importance that there is no radiation on the detector at that time.Otherwise an incorrect offset current will be measured.

2. When you press this key the in measure mode, the presence of the ADI module ischecked (not 308). If the Solidose 300/400 recognises a new ADI this information isloaded. If the Solidose 300/400 detects that you have removed the ADI module, itstarts showing charge and current instead of dose and dose rate.

3. If the Solidose is in a menu mode (i.e. AUX, APP, SET, or any submenu) this keyworks (with some exceptions) as an escape key.

2.3. The ADI System

The ADI module contains detector information such as conversion factor andHVL correction factors for a specified detector. With the ADI system you donot have to worry about what conversion factor to use or making correctionsin HVL measurements. All you have to do is to connect a detector and athereto attached ADI module. You have to use an ADI module programmedfor the current beam quality.The data in the ADI module is read at the following occasions:

1. At power up.

2. When the reset key is pressed if the Solidose is in a mode where it actually measures.

3. When entering the AUX, APP, and SET menus.

Note: Do not remove the ADI module when the Solidose is loading the

ADI information.


SHORTFORM INSTRUCTIONS Chapter 2

2.4. Special Functions

The Solidose includes several handy, built-in functions to simplify basicmeasurement needs, all gathered under three Special Functions menus.

The four arrow keys, the enter key, and the reset key are used to navigatethrough the different menus. When in a menu the lower right part of thedisplay shows the valid keys (with the exception of the symbol for the resetkey). When in a menu mode the reset key works (with some exceptions) as anescape key that takes the user back one level. Most of the functions requiresthat the user exits them by making appropriate key presses before selectinganother function. If this is the case, it is indicated by the arrows. Otherfunctions (like Free run and User factor) are turned on and off explicitly.

2.4.1. AUX (Auxiliary Functions)

The functions in this menu are not related to a specific application. Insteadthey initialise the Solidose to different modes of operation, e.g. Remote

control or Free run, or displays different valid information, such as Detector

info or the Battery capacity. All functions are inactive after power on.

2.4.1.1 Remote Control

This function sets the Solidose in Remote control mode. This means that theSolidose mainly responds to commands via the RS-232 interface according toa specified protocol, see chapter 7, “Remote Control”. The only keys that areactive are RIGHT ARROW, RESET, and ENTER.

2.4.1.2 Free Run

Selecting Free run “on” disables the internal trig level of theSolidose 300/400. This means that the Solidose continuously measures theactual ionisation current from the detector. This mode is to be used when (forexample) adjusting the generator output at very low dose rate levels.



2.4.1.3 User Factor

When selected, calculation of measured dose and dose rate values are madewith the user factor stored in the SET menu. This function is not accessiblewhen an ADI module is connected. The user factor function is valid until it isexplicitly turned off or the instrument is switched off.

2.4.1.4 Bias Function

Selecting Bias function “on” enables the bias supply of the Solidose 400.This also lights the bias LED on the side of the Solidose 400.

2.4.1.5 TP-Info

Displays the values used for TP-correction of the attached detector (ionchamber). The values are set in the SET menu.

2.4.1.6 Detector Info

When selected, the Solidose “scrolls” the detector information stored in theconnected ADI module. If no ADI module is connected, the message “No

ADI connected” will be scrolled. For the Solidose 308, this function “scrolls”the detector information stored in the instrument itself.

2.4.1.7 Battery Capacity

This function shows present status of the 4 LR6 (AA) alkaline batteries. Fivefilled blocks means that the battery capacity is at maximum.

2.4.1.8 Version Info

Shows information about the version of the product, firmware, and thelanguage as well as the serial number of the Solidose.

2.4.1.9 Exit

Returns to main functions (i.e. dose or dose rate measurements).



2.4.2. APP (Application Functions)

The APP-menu contains several functions that can help the user performsome common measurements.

2.4.2.1 Reproducibility

At least two and up to ten exposures can be evaluated to calculate the meanvalue and coefficient of variation. It is possible to go back and erase one ormore of the measured doses and/or just make another exposure instead. Themean value is calculated as the arithmetic mean of those exposures not equalto zero. The coefficient of variation is calculated as the standard deviationdivided by the mean value, and then multiplied by 100 (i.e. percentage).

2.4.2.2 HVL

The user chooses an appropriate kVp range from the data in the ADImodule.The measured data for each filter thickness is normally calculated as the meanvalue of two exposures. However, if exposure 1 is left undone then themeasured data is calculated only from exposure 2 at that filter thickness.Is useful if the output from the X-ray tube is very stable and the user wants tosave time.The Solidose prompts the user to insert the right filter thickness and thenmake an exposure. He can at any time go back and repeat one or severalexposures.The Solidose displays an HVL value when enough exposures has beenmeasured. This HVL value has already been compensated for the detectorenergy dependence (often less than 0,2 mm with R100) by using the data inthe ADI module.

2.4.2.3 Relative mAs

This function normalises the dose (or charge) value in the display to a valuethat the user decides. Every following exposure is then displayed relative theselected one. The function is especially useful when checking the mAslinearity.



2.4.2.4 Dose/Frame

If the number of frames per exposure (or frames per second) is known, thenthis number can be entered to get the Solidose to display the dose per frame.

2.4.2.5 Ratio

This function calculates the ratio between exposure 1 and exposure 2. It is atany time possible to go back and repeat any of the exposures.

2.4.2.6 Moving Average

This function enables the user to set the time constant the Solidose 400 usesfor averaging the measured values. Increases the stability for low level doserate measurements.

2.4.2.7 Exit

Returns to main functions (i.e. dose or dose rate measurements).

2.4.3. SET

This is a menu for customising the default or temporarily settings of theSolidose for different measurements. If the function Save as default is not

used then the changes will be lost at power off.

2.4.3.1 Reset Mode

Solidose has two modes of Reset: Auto reset and Manual reset.When in Auto reset, previously measured values is zeroed before a newexposure. When in Manual reset, dose values will be accumulated and theuser has to manually reset the Solidose if he wants to.

2.4.3.2 Prompt Mode

Auto or Manual prompt mode. Selects if you will be automatically stepped tothe next exposure in the functions Reproducibility, HVL, and Ratio.

2.4.3.3 Pressure

This function enables the user to set the pressure used for TP correction bythe Solidose 400.

2.4.3.4 Temperature

This function enables the user to set the temperature used for TP correctionby the Solidose 400.



2.4.3.5 Language

In this menu the user can select in what language the information in thedisplay should be presented.

2.4.3.6 Edit User Factor

Change of default user factor. When the User factor function is enabled (seeAPP-menu), the Solidose 300/400 uses this factor as conversion factorinstead of showing the raw charge and current. Note that the ADI modulemust be removed when using this function.The factor can be entered in units of Gy/C or as R/C.

2.4.3.7 Unit of Measure

Change unit of measure. This function is valid only if there is an ADI moduleconnected or if the user has chosen the User factor mode.For the Solidose 308, this function applies to the stored detector information.

2.4.3.8 Baud Rate

This menu selects the baud rate used by the serial interface (RS-232).

2.4.3.9 Recall Factory Settings

This function reloads the factory setting of the complete SET menu.

2.4.3.10 Save Settings as Default

This function saves the information of the complete SET menu as default tomake it valid even after the next power on.

2.4.3.11 Exit

Returns to main functions (i.e. dose or dose rate measurements). The changesmade in the SET menu are valid until power off.



Chapter 3

DESCRIPTION OF THE SOLIDOSE

3.1. Description of the Top Panel

The top panel, see figure 3-1, is designed to give the main functions, (DOSE,RATE, and RESET), high priority and maximum ease of use. Together witha large informative display, with a wide viewing angle, the three large keysform a simple and self guiding user interface.The other functions of the Solidose is accessed through the SPECIAL

FUNCTIONS keys, (AUX, APP, and SET). Together with the four ARROW

keys and one ENTER key, they form a convenient, self guiding menu systemfor easy selection of different built-in functions. When manoeuvring in theSPECIAL FUNCTIONS menus, there is always information in the display ofvalid keys to press.


Chapter 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE SOLIDOSE

Figure 3-1 The top panel of the Solidose 300/308. The 400 is almost identical.

3.2. Connectors

All connectors of the Solidose are placed on the left side, see figure 3-2.

1) External power supply input, 12 V DC (See Chapter 9).

2) Connector for the ADI module attached to the detector to be used. NOTE!Be sure to connect the correct ADI module, calibrated for the beam qualityyou are about to measure.

3) Detector input (triaxial) for detector to be used. NOTE! Always connect the ADImodule attached to the detector used. The detector and ADI module should beconnected or disconnected while the Solidose is switched off because an offsetmeasurement and loading of the ADI information is made after power on.

4) Bias voltage indicator. The yellow LED is ON when bias voltage is presentat the inner shield of the detector input connector. (Only on Solidose 400.)

5) 8-pole Mini-DIN connector for the RS-232 interface cable RTI/S1 (8-pin Mini-DINmale to 9-pole D-SUB female) or AppleTalk cable.

6) LCD display contrast trim potentiometer. By use of a small screwdriver, it is possibleto adjust the contrast of the display.

7) ON/OFF power switch. Completely switches the power on or off from either thebatteries or the external power supply.


DESCRIPTION OF THE SOLIDOSE Chapter 3

Figure 3-2 Connectors and switches for the Solidose 300/308/400.

3.3. The ADI System

The ADI (Automatic Detector Identification) system consists of apre-programmed module, containing all necessary information for eachdetector, for a specified beam quality. Conversion factor, energycompensation data, HVL correction, and serial number are programmed fromfactory for each unique detector. The conversion factor (unit Gy/C, R/C orother) is programmed during the calibration of the detector.With the ADI system you do not have to worry about what conversion factorto use or making corrections in HVL measurements. All you have to do is toconnect a detector with an attached ADI module that is programmed for thebeam quality you want to measure.

The ADI system was first introduced for the PMX-III (another product fromRTI Electronics AB) and the same system is used for the Solidose 300/400. Itis therefore possible to use a detector from a PMX-III system together with aSolidose and vice versa. The Solidose uses the conversion factor and the HVLcorrection in the ADI module.Appendix B includes a short form detector selection guide for informationabout how to select correct detector/ADI for your application.If no ADI module is connected the Solidose will automatically measurecharge and current instead of dose and dose rate. The units will in that case becoulomb (C) and ampere (A).The Solidose checks and loads the information from the ADI module if youpress the RESET key when in the main functions (DOSE or RATE) or if youpress one of the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS keys, AUX, APP, or SET.

NOTE! Do not remove the ADI module while the Solidose is loading the ADI data!



Figure 3-3 An ADI module.

3.4. Installation of Batteries

The battery compartment is placed in the bottom of the Solidose, see figure3-4. The batteries are accessible through a lid in the compartment. Four LR6alkaline batteries (size AA) should be used.

1. Unscrew the M3 screw that holds the lid that covers the compartment.

2. Place the batteries in the correct polarity direction as shown at the bottom of the blackplastic battery holder. If you place the batteries in the wrong direction, the Solidosewill not be damaged but it will of course not work.

3. Put the lid back over the compartment and fasten the M3 screw.

4. The Solidose is now ready for operation.



Figure 3-4 The battery compartment.

3.5. Power On

After installation of the batteries or connection of the optional external powersupply, choose your measuring application according to Appendix B,Shortform detector selection guide, and then connect a detector with itscorresponding ADI module, e.g. R100 and ADI 8/B.

Power on the Solidose with the ON/OFF switch.

After the scrolling of the display segments (intended as a check of thedisplay), the name, e.g. “Solidose 300”, appears together with the version ofthe instrument for approximately 1 second. Loading the ADI informationtakes approximately 5 seconds. Then the Solidose is ready for use by showingthe following display,see figure 3-5.

1. Field for the quantity to be measured. Start-up default, with an ADI moduleconnected, is “Dose”. Without an ADI module connected start up default is“Charge”.

2. Field for indication of connected detector and beam quality.

3. Field for measured values.

4. Field for unit of quantity to be measured. Factory default unit for all dose detectorsis Gray. This can be changed to Roentgen in the SET menu Unit of measure, seechapter 4.

The Solidose is now ready for an exposure. After the exposure the measuredvalue will be presented in the field for measured values.If you want to measure dose rate, just press the RATE key and the field formeasured quantity changes to “Rate” and the unit changes to “Gy/s”.



Figure 3-5 The Solidose ready for measurements.

Chapter 4

FUNCTIONS OF THE SOLIDOSE

4.1. Main Functions

4.1.1. DOSE

This is the default function at power up. The dose value is calculated from thecharge measured by the electrometer and the calibration factor in the ADImodule (for the Solidose 308, the calibration factor is stored internally). If noADI module is connected, the measured charge is presented (except if User

factor (not 308) function is enabled).The charge value is internally calculated four times per second but the displayis updated once per second. When you make exposures the dose value iseither accumulated or reset, depending on the setting of the Reset mode

function under the SET menu.

4.1.2. RATE

The dose rate value is calculated from the current measured by theelectrometer and the calibration factor in the ADI module (for the Solidose308, the calibration factor is stored internally). If no ADI module isconnected, the measured current is presented (except if the User factor (not308) function is enabled). The measured current is to be thought of as amean current during one second. The Solidose measures the incoming chargeduring a quarter of a second and divides that charge with the exact length ofthat time interval to get the mean current during that time interval. The meanvalue of four such calculations is then presented in the display, every second,as a dose rate or a current value. During/after the exposure you can press theDOSE key to check the dose that has been accumulated since the last timeyou pressed RESET (or since the exposure started, depending on the Reset

mode setting).


Chapter 4 FUNCTIONS OF THE SOLIDOSE

4.1.3. RESET

The RESET key has different meanings depending on how the Solidose isoperated. The Solidose can either be in a state where it actually is ready tomeasure dose or dose rate (charge or current) or it can be in a menu mode (i.e.AUX, APP, SET, or any submenu to a function). In the latter case you have tofinish the selections you are about to make before the Solidose is ready tomeasure. This means that the RESET key has three purposes in the measuringmode and one in the menu mode.

• In measure mode the RESET key resets the display and measures the offset currentfrom the detector. It is therefore of great importance that there is no incidence ofradiation on the detector when you press the RESET key. Otherwise an incorrectoffset current will be measured.The time for offset measurement is approximately one second for the Solidose.During that time the Solidose shows “Resetting” in the display.

• When you press the RESET key in measure mode, the presence of the ADI moduleis checked (not 308). If the Solidose recognises a new ADI this information isloaded. If the Solidose detects that you have removed the ADI module, it startsshowing charge and current instead of dose and dose rate.

• If the Solidose is in menu mode this key works (with some exceptions) as an“escape” key. In other words, it takes you back one level in the menu system orcancels the present selection or function.


FUNCTIONS OF THE SOLIDOSE Chapter 4

4.2. The Menu System

4.2.1. General

Each of the three special function keys AUX, APP, and SET lead to a set ofmenus. The four ARROW keys, the ENTER key, and the RESET key areused to navigate through the different menus. When in a menu the lower rightpart of the display shows the valid keys with arrow symbols and/or the capitalletter E (for ENTER). The symbol for the RESET key is however neverdisplayed. The ENTER key is used to acknowledge the present function orchoice.

4.2.2. How to Exit a Function

When in a menu mode the reset key works (with some exceptions) as anescape key that cancels the function or takes you back one level in the menusystem. Most of the functions requires that the user exits them by makingappropriate key presses before selecting another function. If this is the case, itis indicated by the arrow symbols. Other functions (like Free run and User

factor) are enabled and disabled explicitly.

4.2.3. How to Enter a Value

Some of the functions prompts you to enter a number. You use the LEFT andRIGHT ARROW keys to select which digit you want to change, the selecteddigit is underlined. You then use the UP and DOWN ARROW keys toincrease or decrease the selected digit. When you are satisfied you press theENTER key to accept the value. If you instead press the RESET key you willcancel this function.

4.2.4. Graphic Descriptions Used in this Section

For most functions a little illustration describes the menu choice and the firstlevel of submenus as shown in the picture below.



4.3. Special Functions

4.3.1. AUX - The Auxiliary Functions

The functions in this menu are not related to a specific application. Insteadthey initialise the Solidose to different modes of operation, e.g. Remote

control or Free run, or displays different valid information, such as Detector

info or Battery capacity. All functions under the AUX menu are inactive afterpower on.



4.3.1.1 Remote Control

This function sets the Solidose in Remote control mode. This means that theSolidose responds to commands via the RS-232 interface according to aspecified protocol, see chapter 7. The only keys that are active are RIGHT

ARROW, RESET, and ENTER. The RESET key works as normal.

4.3.1.2 Free Run

Normally the Solidose 300/400 measures the current from the detector andmakes a decision: either the current is above the trig level or it is below. If itis above, then (technically) there is an exposure going on and the presentquantity is presented. If it is below then the exposure has terminated and themeasured current is registered as an offset current and the display shows“zero” (if you have chosen some sort of “rate” mode). This means that youwill have problems with signal levels that increases very slowly from zero.There is a risk that the display shows “zero” all the time because the slowlyrising signal level is taken by the Solidose as an offset adjustment.

Enabling Free run disables the internal trig level of the Solidose (i.e. sets thetrig level to 0). This means that the Solidose continuously measures the actualionisation current from the detector without taking consideration of any triglevel. This mode is to be used when (for example) adjusting the generatoroutput at low dose rate levels. The drawback is that the display never issteady, even when there is no incident radiation on the detector. This is due tothe thermal noise that is inevitable at very low signal levels.



To disable the Free run function you have to explicitly disable it or power offthe Solidose. If you intend to use any of the functions under the APP menu,Free run must be disabled.

4.3.1.3 User Factor

This function is useful if you have a detector without an ADI module butknow its calibration factor. When selected, calculation of measured dose anddose rate values are made with the user factor stored in the SET menu underEdit user factor. All functions that are normally accessible when you use adetector with an ADI module is also accessible with the User factor functionenabled. The User factor function is not accessible when an ADI module isconnected. The User factor function is valid until it is explicitly disabled orthe Solidose is powered off.

4.3.1.4 Bias Function

ON/OFF of the bias voltage.



Without an ADI module:When entering this function, the display will show the present status of thebias voltage, i.e. ”ON” or ”OFF”. The yellow LED on the left side of theSolidose 400 is also showing if the bias voltage is present. The bias voltage ispresent if the LED is on.Selection is made by means of the LEFT/RIGHT key together with theENTER key. When ”ON” is selected, the slowly increasing bias voltage ismonitored in the display. It is possible the change the voltage by means of theUP/DOWN keys. Exit this function with the ENTER key. This also saves theselected bias voltage so that the next time the bias voltage is activated, it willbe set to this last selected level.When ”OFF” is selected, the Solidose 400 is discharging the bias voltageuntil approximately 70 V. Then the bias voltage will be switched off.

With an ADI module connected (for an Ion Chamber):When the Solidose 400 detects an ADI module containing information thatthe connected detector operates with bias voltage, it will show “This detector

requires bias”. The user has then the choice to either confirm with theENTER key or to press the RIGHT key. When pressing the RIGHT key, theSolidose 400 will show “Bias will not be switched on”. Pressing the ENTER

key returns to the main functions (i.e. dose or dose rate measurements). Theuser will however be informed that “Bias is not activated”, every 5 seconds.If the user confirms, the Solidose 400 will then switch ON the bias voltageand adjust the level according to the information in the ADI module (e.g.300 V).

After the automatic adjustment of the bias, the Solidose 400 will return to themain functions (i.e. dose or dose rate measurements).



4.3.1.5 TP-Info

Gives the user the possibility to view information about the stored values ofpressure, temperature and calculated TP-factor. The values is set in the SETmenu. The different parameters is displayed by means of the RIGHT andLEFT cursor keys. The TP-correction of the dose and dose rate values is onlyperformed if the BIAS voltage is switched ON due to an ADI module or ifBIAS and User factor function are activated simultaneously.

4.3.1.6 Detector Info

When selected, the Solidose “scrolls” the detector information stored in theconnected ADI module. If no ADI module is connected, the message “No

ADI connected” will be scrolled. You can exit this function by the RESET

key.



4.3.1.7 Battery Capacity

This function shows the present condition of the 4 LR6 alkaline batteries.Each filled square represent approximately 20 % of the total battery capacity.You can exit this function by pressing the RESET key.

4.3.1.8 Version Info

Shows information about the actual serial number, firmware version, andproduct version. Different information is presented by means of the LEFT

and RIGHT ARROW keys. On some older versions you may as well findinformation about language versions and the version names can be slightlydifferent.



4.3.1.9 Exit

Returns you to main functions, i.e. dose or rate measurement. Instead ofnavigating to this Exit menu item and the pressing ENTER, you can simplypress the RESET key.



4.3.2. APP - The Application Functions

The APP menu contains several functions that can help the user performsome common measurements. You will have to exit each of these functionsby appropriate key presses to be able to use the normal DOSE, RATE, AUX,

or SET functions.Note that all functions under the APP menu are affected by the Reset functionand the some of them by the Prompt mode function under the SET menu.



4.3.2.1 Reproducibility

At least two and up to ten exposures can be evaluated to calculate the meanvalue and coefficient of variation. It is possible to go back and erase one ormore of the measured doses and/or just make another exposure instead, bymeans of the DOWN, UP, and RESET key. The RIGHT ARROW key bringsyou to the display with the calculated data:

symbol meaning

n Number of exposures used for calculation

x Arithmetic mean value

v Coefficient of variation (in percent)

The mean value is calculated as the arithmetic mean of those exposures notequal to zero. The coefficient of variation is calculated as the standarddeviation divided by the mean value, and then multiplied by 100 (i.e.percentage).

These are the formulas that are being used for reproducibility calculations:



The LEFT ARROW key brings you back to the possibility to add, redo, orreset some exposures. The RIGHT ARROW key brings you to the Exit menu.



4.3.2.2 HVL

Although the energy dependence of the R100 detector is very small, youshould compensate for it while performing HVL measurements. If thedetector is calibrated for HVL measurements there will be one or more kVpranges in ADI module. You will have to select the appropriate one. This isdone by the LEFT ARROW, RIGHT ARROW, and ENTER key. You canuse the RESET key to exit the HVL function at this state. If you are using adetector without an ADI module you are instead prompted to select betweenradiographic or mammographic. This is because the Solidose needs to beinformed about which step of filter increment to use (1,0 mm or 0,1 mm).Without an ADI module (not 308) the HVL value can of course not becompensated automatically. The filter increment is selected automaticallywhen you use an appropriate ADI module. If the ADI module not containsany HVL data, you will get an error message.

The normal procedure is to make two exposures at every filter thickness. TheSolidose uses the mean value of these two exposures. If you however leaveexposure 1 undone, (i.e. never perform it or reset it with the RESET key) theSolidose will use only exposure 2 at that filter thickness for its calculation.

You are prompted to make the exposure/exposures for 0,0 mm filterthickness. At this state you are not allowed to select a different filter thicknessbecause without the data for 0,0 mm there is no possibility to calculate anHVL value. When the exposure/exposures for the 0,0 mm filter thickness isdone you can select any filter thickness manually by pressing the DOWN orUP key. This is useful if you want to repeat some exposures or if you want toskip one or more filter thickness because you know that the HVL value isdefinitely greater than a certain level.

Depending on which Prompt mode you have selected under the SET menu,the HVL function will work in two different ways:

1. Auto prompt: After making exposure 2 at a certain filter thickness, you arealways guided towards an eventual HVL value by being prompted to makeexposure 1 at a filter thickness one step from the previous. When it is possibleto calculate a HVL value, this is performed automatically.



2. Manual prompt: You have to use the UP and the DOWN ARROW key toselect exposure and filter thickness for each exposure you want to perform.You have to use the RIGHT ARROW key to check if it is possible tocalculate an HVL value.Independent of which Prompt mode you have selected you can always usethe RIGHT ARROW key to display the HVL value, if there is enough data.The RIGHT ARROW key also eventually leads you to the Exit menu. TheLEFT ARROW key displays the ratio for the present filter thickness. Theratio is defined as the measured data for the present filter thickness dividedwith the measured data for 0,0 mm.If in Auto prompt and the Solidose has discovered a ratio just above 0,5 andanother ratio just below 0,5 for adjacent filter thicknesses, it willautomatically display an HVL value. When in Manual prompt you have touse the RIGHT ARROW key from time to time, to check if it is possible tocalculate an HVL value. In either case, a preliminary HVL value is thencalculated as if plotted in a semi logarithmic graph, by use of the straight lineequation, with the filter thickness on the x axis and the logarithmic values ofthe ratio on the y axis.

This preliminary HVL value is then compensated for the detector’s energydependence by use of the kVp range you selected in the beginning. If yourdetector does not have an ADI module, this compensation can of course nevertake place. After the presentation of the HVL value you are allowed to goback and repeat exposures you for some reason are not satisfied with. If youhave selected Auto prompt and make exposure 2 at a certain filter thicknessand there is enough data to calculate an HVL value, then this value will bepresented to you automatically. If the HVL value is out of range for thecompensation data at that specific kVp range, you will get an error message.



The same thing will happen if the measured data indicates that the HVL valueis outside the interval 1,0 to 9,0 mm (or 0,1 to 0,9 mm in the case ofmammography).



Ratio for present filter thickness:

4.3.2.3 Relative mAs

This function normalises the dose (or charge) value in the display to a valuethat you decide. Every following exposure value is then displayed relative tothe first original one. The value is presented with up to four digits. Thisfunction can only display dose (or charge) values, i.e. not dose rate (orcurrent) values. The Relative mAs function is especially useful whenchecking the mAs linearity. The RIGHT ARROW key brings you to the Exit

menu.



4.3.2.4 Dose/Frame

If you know the number of frames per exposure that the X-ray equipmentgenerates, this number can be entered to get the Solidose to display the doseper frame. Select “Frames/exposure” and enter the value. The value presentedis then the dose value divided by the frames per exposure value, i.e. the doseper frame. The LEFT ARROW key enables you to change the frames perexposure value, the RIGHT ARROW key takes you to the Exit menu.

For long exposures, i.e. where you normally study dose rate, you can select“Frames/second” and enter the value. The Solidose then continuouslydisplays the dose rate value divided by the frames per second value, i.e. doseper frame.



4.3.2.5 Ratio

The Ratio function calculates the ratio between “exp 1” and “exp 2”. It is atany time possible to go back and repeat some of the exposures. If you haveselected Auto prompt under the SET menu, the ratio is automaticallypresented after making “exp 2”. The ratio can also be displayed by pressingthe RIGHT ARROW key. This key also eventually leads you to the Exit

menu. If you try to display a ratio and “exp 2” is equal to zero, then you willget an error message.

4.3.2.6 Moving Average

This function is intended for low level dose rate measurements whereincreased sensitivity and stability is needed. When selecting this function Freerun is automatically activated. The function uses a moving average algorithmwhere the number of samples is selected by the user in the interval 1 - 60.



Each sample corresponds to 1 second. If the user for example chooses asampling interval of 10 seconds, the dose rate presented each second will bethe mean dose rate of the last 10 seconds.

When selecting this function the user has to choose an appropriate number ofsampling intervals by using the ARROW and ENTER keys, as shown in thefigure above. The user should then press the RESET key to make theSolidose 400 measure the offset current. During this process the user mustmake sure that the detector is not exposed to radiation. The reset procedurewill take as long time as the number of sample intervals chosen. The timeremaining of the reset procedure will be visible on the display. After the resetprocedure the Solidose 400 will start to show a value calculated as the sum ofthe last X values divided by X (X is the number of sample intervals chosen bythe user). For each new second that passes the last value in the stack will bediscarded and a new value added. This means of course that it will take Xseconds before the Solidose 400 starts to show a valid value when thedetector attached is exposed to a steady radiation level. In the same way itwill take X seconds for the Solidose 400 to show a zero value after theradiation has ended.

By pressing the LEFT ARROW key the user can change the number ofsample intervals. With the RIGHT ARROW he can display the accumulateddose since the last RESET. This dose value is updated every second and isindependent of what number of sampling intervals the user has chosen.

4.3.2.7 Exit

Returns to main functions i.e. dose or rate measurements. Instead ofnavigating to the Exit menu item and then pressing ENTER, you can simplypress the RESET key.



4.3.3. SET - To Customise the Solidose

This is a menu for customising the default or temporarily settings of theSolidose for different measurements. When in a submenu, the RESET keyusually takes you back one level in the menu system. If the function Save as

default is not used then the changes you have made will be lost at power off.



4.3.3.1 Reset Mode

The Solidose has two modes for reset: Auto reset and Manual reset. When inAuto reset, the previously measured dose value is cleared before a newexposure. When in Manual reset mode, dose values will be accumulatedexposure after exposure. You have to manually reset the Solidose. You can ofcourse always use the RESET key to reset the Solidose, independent of whatReset mode you have selected.Note! The Reset mode function is global, i.e. all functions of the Solidose areaffected by it.

4.3.3.2 Prompt Mode

Some of the functions of the Solidose, namely Reproducibility, HVL, andRatio, expects you to make a series of exposures. If you have chosen Auto

prompt you will automatically be prompted to the next exposure. If you havechosen Manual prompt you have to use the ARROW keys to take you to theexposure you want to perform.The Prompt mode function also decides whether the HVL and Ratio

functions automatically will calculate HVL and ratio values. If you wantautomatic calculation then you have to use Auto prompt. For furtherinformation see each function respectively.



4.3.3.3 Pressure

Setting of the air pressure.Note! The Solidose 400 does not contain a device to measure the air pressure,the user has to manually enter the value. This value is used together with thetemperature value to calculate the TP-factor. Normal air pressure isconsidered to be 1.0130E+05 Pa (i.e. 101,3 kPa or 1013 mbar). When actualpressure has been set, press the ENTER key to store the value. The calculatedTP-factor is displayed for approximately 2 seconds.

4.3.3.4 Temperature

Setting of the temperature. NOTE: The Solidose 400 does not contain adevice to measure the temperature. The user has to manually enter the value.This value is used together with the temperature value to calculate theTP-factor. Normal temperature is considered to be 20 °C. When actualtemperature has been set, press the ENTER key to store the value. Thecalculated TP-factor is displayed for approximately 2 seconds.



4.3.3.5 Language

In this menu you can select in what language the information in the display ispresented, among those languages available.

4.3.3.6 Edit User Factor

This function is useful if you want to use a detector that does not have an ADImodule. When the User factor function is enabled (under the AUX menu,User factor) the Solidose presents the measured charge (or current)multiplied with this factor. You are prompted to select if you want to enter theconversion factor in Gy/C or in R/C, depending on the information you haveabout your detector. Note: The actual unit that will be used during yourmeasurements has nothing to do with the unit you choose to enter thecalibration factor in. After selecting the unit for the conversion factor, you areprompted to enter the actual value in a “scientific” form i.e. with a mantissaand an exponent.



4.3.3.7 Unit of Measure

The Solidose can display dose values with different units, namely Gray (Gy)or Roentgen (R). The conversion factor used between Gray and Roentgen is114,1 (1 Gy = 114,1 R). Dose rate values are displayed as dose per second inthe case of Gray and dose per second, per minute or per hour in the case ofRoentgen. The selection is made by the LEFT or RIGHT ARROW key.ENTER accepts the unit, RESET cancels the changes. This function is validonly if there is an ADI module connected or if the user has chosen User

factor function under the AUX menu.

4.3.3.8 Baud Rate

This function selects the baud rate used by the serial interface (RS-232).There are two choices: 4 800 bps or 9 600 bps. The selection is made by theLEFT or RIGHT ARROW key. ENTER accepts the choice, RESET cancelsthe changes.



4.3.3.9 Recall Factory Settings

This function restores the factory setting of the complete SET menu:

Reset mode Auto

Prompt mode Auto

Language English

Edit user factor 1.000e+06 Gy/C

Baud rate 9600 bps

For the Solidose 400 the following is also reset:

Pressure 1.0130e+05 Pa (101,3 kPa)

Temperature 2.0e+01 °C (20 °C)

Remember, if you want these settings to be valid the next time you power onyour Solidose, you will also have to use the Save settings as default function.

4.3.3.10 Save Settings as Default

This function saves the information of the complete SET menu in an internalEEPROM. This means that the current information will be valid the next timeyou power on your Solidose.

4.3.3.11 Exit

Returns you to the main functions (i.e. dose or dose rate measurements). Thechanges made in the SET menu are valid until power off. If you want thechanges to be permanent you have to use the Save settings as default functioninstead. Instead of navigating to the Exit menu item and pressing ENTER,you can simply press the RESET key.



Chapter 5

MEASUREMENTS

This chapter gives a detailed description of how to perform measurementswith the Solidose. It contains three examples with “step by step” instructionsfrom setup of the detector to the completion of the measuring procedure.

5.1. Using Solid State Detectors

Solid state detectors are very suitable for most common output measurements.The advantages with solid state detectors compared to ion chambers areseveral but the main advantages are:

1. Durability: The metal housing protects the detector from mechanical shocks.

2. Stability: Long time stability is proven excellent.

3. No need for compensation of temperature and pressure.

4. Energy dependence: Lower than many regular ion chambers.

5. Not sensitive to back scattering.

6. No need for bias voltage supply: No risk for electrical shocks.

7. Sensitivity: Appr. 100 times more sensitive than an ion chamber for equal volume.

8. Setup time: Small size, no warm up time and no drift adjustments.

Together with the ADI system (not 308), (see section 2.3 and 3.3), solidstate detectors makes dose measurements not only easy and practical. Theyalso bring down your overall measuring time due to the quick and easy setupand the fact that you do not have to make corrections afterwards (e.g. TPfactor, back scattering etc.).


Chapter 5 MEASUREMENTS

5.2. Example 1: Measuring Air Kerma

Measuring air kerma at 70 kV/25 mAs with detector R100 and beam qualityB, i.e detector calibrated for a total filtration of 3 mm Al. This is the standardconfiguration for the Solidose 308/B. For the Solidose 300/400, use ADImodule 8/B.

5.2.1. Setup of the Detector:

1. Place the R100 detector on the table-top (the detector is not sensitive to backscattering). Centre the detector in the middle of the lightfield (the detector area ismarked with a square). Collimate the X-ray beam to the minimum size that just coversthe detector. If necessary fix the detector with some plastic tape.

2. Adjust the focus to detector distance to 100 cm. On one long side of the detector, thereis an engraved line that marks the position of the detector’s active area.

3. Connect the R100 detector to the detector input of your Solidose.

4. Connect the attached ADI module marked “8/B”, to the ADI connector if you areusing the Solidose.

5. Make sure that total filtration (i.e. inherent filtration of the tube together with theequivalent filtration of the collimator) is approximately 3 mm Al.

6. Set the X-ray generator to 70 kV and 25 mAs.

5.2.2. Powering on the Solidose

1. Make sure that the batteries are installed, see section 3.4, or connect the optionalexternal power supply (AC/DC Adapter HP F1011A ), see chapter 9. It isrecommended to connect or disconnect the external power supply when the Solidose isswitched off.

2. Power on the instrument with the ON/OFF switch, placed on the left side.

3. After start-up (approximately 7 seconds) the display shows the following information,see figure 5-1.

4. This indicates that the ADI module connected is programmed with calibration data forthe R100 detector at beam quality B. For the Solidose 308, this indicates storeddetector information in the Solidose 308 itself.


MEASUREMENTS Chapter 5

Figure 5-1 Start-up display with 8/B ADI

5. Make sure that Auto reset mode is chosen. Auto Reset mode is set as default fromfactory and if you have not changed the settings in the SET menu, see section 4.3.3.,then auto-reset is active. If you want to check which reset mode is active, do thefollowing: Press the SET key to enter the SET menu. The first choice in that menu isReset mode. Press the ENTER key and you will see which reset mode is active, i.e.either Auto Reset or Manual Reset. If the display shows “Auto reset”, press theRESET key twice to return to measuring mode. If the display shows “Manual

reset”, then press the LEFT key once (display shows “Auto reset”) and then theENTER key. Now you have selected Auto reset. If you want to make Auto reset asdefault you have to move to the function Save settings as default, by means of theUP or DOWN key. Press the ENTER key and the Solidose will have Auto reset

mode active every time you power on the instrument. If you just want the newsetting to be temporary, just press the RESET key, instead of choosing “Savesettings as default”. See section 4.3.3.1 for more details about Reset mode.

6. Select dose measurement by pressing the DOSE key. This is always default afterpower on.

7. If the display shows a measured value, press the RESET key to cancel it.

8. Make an exposure and read the measured air-kerma value.

5.3. Example 2: Measurement on an Image Intensifier

Measure low entrance dose rate to an Image Intensifier with detector R100and ADI module 8/A (calibrated for 3 + 20 mm Al).

5.3.1. Setup of the Detector:

1. Place the R100 detector on the image intensifier and make sure that it does not affectthe feedback system. As a guideline, do not place the detector in the centre of thefield, rather somewhere near a centred circle with half the diameter of the actual fielddiameter.Practical hint: Use the long rod that comes with the optional HVL stand kit, with theR100 detector at the end of the rod. Place the detector at a suitable place on theimage intensifier. By observing the dose rate during slow movements of the detectorabove the image intensifier you can check if the detector is interfering with thefeedback system. See figure 5-2.



2. Connect the detector to the detector input of the Solidose. Use optional extension cableEXT-1 if needed. Fixate the cable to avoid noise pick up.

3. Connect the ADI module marked 8/A, to the ADI connector of the Solidose.

4. Put 20 mm Al or equivalent Cu filter in the beam to simulate the patient thickness.

5. Make necessary settings of the generator.


1. Make sure that the batteries are installed, see section 3.4, or connect the optionalexternal power supply (AC/DC Adapter HP F1011A).


3. After start-up (appr. 7 s) the display shows the following information, see figure 5-3.

4. This indicates that the ADI module connected, is programmed with calibration data forthe R100 detector at beam quality A.



Figure 5-2 The R100 on rod in image intensifier field.

Figure 5-3 Start-up display with 8/A ADI

5. Select dose rate measurement by pressing the RATE key. The display changesaccording to figure 5-4.

6. If the display shows a measured value, press the RESET key to cancel it.

7. Start the fluoro exposure. The dose rate is updated on the display during theexposure.

5.4. Example 3: Measuring HVL

Measure HVL at 80 kVp with detector R100 by use of the built-in functionHVL.

The purpose of HVL measurements is to ensure that the total filtration in thetube assembly is maintained at an appropriate level to minimise the patientskin dose.

To make a correct HVL measurement with an accurate result, there are someverification checks that has to be done prior to the HVL measurement:

1. If the X-ray equipment has easily removable or changeable filters, make sure thatthey are correctly positioned and marked properly.

2. The light field and radiation field coincidence must be within acceptance limits.(Usually within 5 % for radiographic units).

3. The reproducibility of the generator should be checked (kVp and output).

Equipment needed for HVL measurement

1. The Solidose with detector R100 (with ADI module 8/B for the Solidose).

2. Set of aluminium filters (1100 alloy): 6 × 1 mm, 2 × 0,5 mm.Size: 33 x 33 mm. Optional accessory set of high purity filters. A 99 % purityassures high accuracy HVL estimation. See chapter 9.

3. HVL stand, (optional accessory). See chapter 9.

4. Metric ruler



Figure 5-4 Rate display chosen

5.4.1. Setup Procedure

1. Assemble the HVL stand and fit the R100 detector. “TUBE SIDE” should be facing thetube.

2. The aluminium filter holder should be placed approximately halfway between thefocus and the detector. See figure 5-5.

3. Align the set-up in the field and on the geometrical axis. Set the tube to a 100 cm (40”)focus to table-top distance, if possible. Centre the X-ray field through the filter holderto the detector below, making sure that the detector will be included in the field.

4. The HVL is measured at a given kVp setting, in this case 80 kVp. The generatorsettings must not be changed during the measurement procedure.

5. Connect the detector to the detector input of your Solidose. Use an extension cableEXT-1 if needed (optional).

6. Connect the ADI module marked 8/B, to the ADI connector if you are using theSolidose 300/400.



Figure 5-5 Setup of HVL stand with detectors and filters


1. Make sure that the batteries are installed, see section 3.4., or connect the optionalexternal power supply (AC/DC Adapter HP F1011A).


3. After start-up (appr. 7 s) the display shows the following information, as seen infigure 5-6.

4. Make sure that Auto reset mode is chosen. See example 1.

5. Make sure that Prompt mode is set to Auto prompt. See section 4.3.3.2.

6. Select the HVL function. This is done by first pressing the APP key. Then move tothe menu text “HVL” by means of the UP or DOWN ARROW key. Press theENTER key to enter the HVL function.

7. Now you have to select in what kVp range to measure. Select the 77-83 kVp range,as we are measuring at 80 kVp. Use the LEFT or RIGHT ARROW key and then theENTER key.

8. Your Solidose is ready for the first exposure at 0,0 mm Al, i.e. with no filters addedin the filter holder.

9. Make two exposures. Between the exposures the Solidose will show “Exp. finished”and then automatically wait for the next exposure. Do not exposure until “Exp.

finished” has disappeared.

10. The Solidose is now ready for exposure 1 at 1,0 mm Al. Place 1,0 mm Al in thefilter holder and then repeat step 10.

11. Place a total of 2,0 mm Al in the filter holder, i.e. follow the information in thedisplay of the Solidose and repeat step 10.

12. Place a total of 3,0 mm Al in the filter holder and repeat step 10.

13. Let us assume that the actual HVL value is between 2 and 3 mm Al. After thesecond exposure at 3,0 mm Al, the Solidose automatically calculates the HVL value(with correction factor from the ADI module) and shows the result in the display.For example: “HVL: 2.83 mm Al”.



Figure 5-6 Start-up display with 8/B ADI

14. If you are satisfied with the measured value, press the RIGHT key and then ENTER

to exit the HVL function.

See section 4.3.2.2 for more information about how to use the HVL function.

5.5. Example 4: Measuring Luminance of a Monitor

with the Light Detector L100/M

When measuring the luminance of a monitor (e.g. a CRT, Cathode Ray Tube)it is important to consider the effect of the ambient light in the room. Sincethe purpose of the measurement is to measure light from the monitor you donot want light from the room, reflected by the glass surface of the monitor, toaffect the measurement. Some might say that the actual performance whenincluding the ambient light is more interesting, as it is used in that situation.But for quality control purposes your check will in this case for instancedepend on if the sun is shining through the window of the room.

5.5.1. Setup of the Light Detector L100/M

The main parts of the light detector are the detector housing, the monitoradapter tube, and the ambient light shield. The monitor adapter tube isdetachable from the detector housing to make it possible to use other types ofadapters, e.g. lux adapter. The ambient light shield is detachable from themonitor adapter tube to make it possible to more accurate place the lightdetector in a certain position. See figure 5-7.

1. If it is not already done, attach the monitor adapter tube to the detector housing.Do not mount the ambient light shield yet.

2. Connect the light detector to the detector input of the Solidose 300/400.



Figure 5-7 The L100/M Light Detector.

3. Connect the ADI module marked 6/U to the ADI connector of the Solidose 300/400.


1. Make sure that the batteries are installed, see section 3.4, or connect the optionalexternal power supply (AC/DC Adapter HP F1011A).


3. After start-up (appr. 7 s) the display shows the following information, as seen infigure 5-8.

4. You have to perform a reset before you can start to measure. It is VERYIMPORTANT that no light reaches the detector during the reset procedure. Toensure that the instrument is reset while the detector is held in complete darknessyou must press the detector against a completely black surface, e.g. the surface of theambient light shield, while pressing the RESET key on the instrument.

5. Remove the detector from the black surface and watch the value on the displayincrease as you aim the light detector at a bright surface.

6. Attach the ambient light shield to the monitor adapter tube.

7. Place the light detector on the CRT monitor. Make sure that the ambient light shieldis held flat on to the surface to prevent ambient light from reaching the detector.

8. Read the value in the Solidose display.

If you want to measure on a more precise point of the CRT you should firstplace the light shield ( without the light detector) on the screen by aimingthrough the centre hole. By holding the light shield with one hand you canattach the light detector with the other hand.

The pictures on the next page shows some applications of the light detector.



Figure 5-8 The Solidose after start-up with ADI module 6/U.Note that the Solidose may not show zero due to ambient lightentering the detector.



Figure 5-10 Checking the luminance of a viewing box.

Figure 5-9 Testing a CRT monitor with a SMPTE test pattern.

Chapter 6

MEASURING HINTS

This chapter contains some useful hints for different measuring situations.

6.1. The Solidose Measures when the Rotation of theTube Starts

Some X-ray equipment (especially old units) has a tendency to induce eitherhigh electromagnetic disturbances or large mechanical vibrations. It is alsopossible that the X-ray unit is out of order and actually sends out radiationduring acceleration of the anode. Normally the electrical shielding of thedetector and the Solidose, together with the internal trig level, are adequateenough for most of the disturbances. Sometimes, when extremely high, thesephenomena can interfere with the Solidose and therefore make the instrumentmeasure when there is no radiation present.

If the Solidose starts to measure when you start the rotation: Hold therotation, without making the exposure press the RESET key (if Manual

Reset mode is chosen) to zero the irrelevant measured value. Then make theexposure. If you have chosen Auto Reset mode, it is not necessary to pressthe RESET key. Just hold the rotation for at least one second before youmake the exposure.

If you use any of the built-in functions where the Solidose automatically canmove to the next exposure position in the measuring procedure (HVL,

Reproducibility, or Ratio), it is recommended to set Prompt mode (in theSET menu) to “Manual”. This prevents the Solidose from moving to the nextexposure position if you have problems with interference from the rotation.


Chapter 6 MEASURING HINTS

6.2. The Solidose Starts to Measure Immediately afterReset

The following reasons may cause this problem:

1. The ADI module is not connected or an incorrect ADI module is connected(not 308). The Solidose has an internal trig level to prevent the instrument frommeasuring on irrelevent disturbances. The Solidose changes the trig level according tothe connected ADI module. For example, the MAS-2 probe must have a higher triglevel than the R100 detector. If you use a MAS-2 without its ADI module connected,the Solidose 300/400 will not use the proper trig level (default trig level is too low),with the result that the instrument sometimes starts to measure directly after reset.

2. Free run mode is set to “on”, (not 308). This mode sets the internal trig level tozero. This is only recommended for dose rate measurements at very low dose rates.

3. The detector is not properly connected to the Solidose. Make sure that the cableconnector is fully inserted into the detector input of the Solidose.

4. The detector cable or the metal housing of the detector is damaged. Please contact yournearest dealer for further information.

6.3. No Reading when Measuring and Adjusting VeryLow Entrance Dose Rate Values to an ImageIntensifier

When adjusting the entrance dose rate to an image intensifier, below0,1 µGy/s, it is recommended to use the Free run mode, (not 308). Thisfunction sets the internal trig level to zero and therefore makes it possible tomeasure linearly down to zero. If you do not use Free run when adjustingvery low dose rates, there is a risk that the Solidose does not respond becausea slowly rising signal level is taken as an offset adjustment.


MEASURING HINTS Chapter 6

Chapter 7

REMOTE CONTROL

7.1. Introduction

Solidose can communicate with a IBM PC (or compatible) or Macintosh via aRS-232 serial interface (this manual is written presuming a PC). The dataformat is based on sending and receiving ASCII characters to simplify usermade application programs. The included WinRAD diskette contains aprogram that can receive measured data from the Solidose and present themon the screen or store them in a log file. All you have to do to use WinRAD isto install the program and then initialise and connect the Solidose for remotecontrol. If you want to write your own application program our suggestion isthat you first use a terminal program like e.g. Terminal (Windows 3.1) orHyper Terminal (Windows 95) to get familiar with the different commands.

7.2. Installation of the WinRAD Program

Try to close all programs except the program manager before running theinstallation, as your programs may use some libraries (DLLs) that theinstallations needs to update.

To install the program using Windows 3.1 insert diskette #1 and then either,

1. Select the File-Run option in the program manager pull-down menu.

2. Type A:\SETUP (or B:\SETUP) and press ENTER.

or

1. Run the file manager and select the drive with the installation disk (A or B).

2. Double click on the file SETUP.EXE in the file list.


Chapter 7 REMOTE CONTROL

To install the program using Windows 95/98 insert diskette #1 and theneither,

1. Press the start button and select the Run option in the menu.

2. Type A:\SETUP (or B:\SETUP) and press ENTER.

or

1. Run the Explorer and select the drive with the installation disk (A or B).

2. Double click on the file SETUP.EXE in the file list.

Then follow the set-up instructions on the screen. The set-up program createsa new program group called WinRAD. When the installation is completed,more information about using WinRAD is available if you read the fileREADME.WRI in the WinRAD folder.

7.3. Initialise and Connect the Solidose for RemoteControl

The included RS-232 cable is intended for use with an IBM PC or compatiblecomputer. To use the Solidose with a Macintosh you have to use an Appletalkcable (not included).

1. Connect the 8-pin mini DIN plug into the Solidose and the 9-pole D-SUB into a COMport, preferable COM2 but any available COM port will do.

2. Connect the detector and ADI module to the Solidose.

3. Power on the PC.

4. Power on the Solidose.

5. The factory default setting of the baud rate for the Solidose is 9 600 bps. If you insteadwish to use 4 800 bps you have to choose the function Baud rate under the SET menuand then choose 4 800 bps.

6. Choose the function Remote control under the AUX menu.

The Solidose is now ready to receive commands via the RS-232 interface,either from WinRAD, from a terminal program, or from you own applicationprogram. To start WinRAD, just double-click the WinRAD icon, or selectWinRAD in the Start menu and start measuring. The rest of this manualdescribes how to communicate with a terminal program or your ownapplication program.


REMOTE CONTROL Chapter 7

7.4. Communication Settings

The Solidose needs certain communication settings on your PC to function inRemote control. If you intend to write your own application program or touse a terminal program, you will have to set the following parameters for theRS-232 interface on your computer.

• baud rate 4800 bps or 9600 bps• data bits 8• stop bits 1• parity none

7.5. Commands

The following commands are available.

Note the difference between upper and lower case characters. Command A isnot the same as command a.



Command Which means that the Solidose will...

a Initialise. Corresponds to receiving command: r, n, h, cb Send the calibration factor of the attached ADI module, i.e. detector (only use

this if the ADI module is of version 15 or older, i.e. P-W does not work)c Enable Auto reset function.d Disable Auto reset function.e Send the latest calculated charge.f Send the latest calculated current.g Reset. Corresponds to pressing the RESET key.h Send charge when the exposure is finished. Disables i and j.i Send charge approx. Four times per second. Disables h and j.j Send charge approx. One time per second. Disables h and i.k Send current approx. Four times per second. Disables l.l Send current approx. One time per second. Disables k.m Disable all automatic sending of charge, i.e. disables h, i and j.n Disable all automatic sending of current, i.e. disables k and l.o Send true if exposure is finished, otherwise false.p Send true if exposure is in progress, otherwise false.q Enable Free run. Not 308.r Disable Free run. Not 308.s Send beam quality text, e.g. 8-b-.t Send identification text, e.g. 8005432B00 (this text is unique for every ADI

module).u Disable the Remote control function (this is the same as pressing Right arrow

key and choose Exit)

7.6. Data Format

The connected computer communicates with the Solidose by sending oneASCII character from the command list, followed by Carriage Return (ASCIIcharacter number 13).

Every message that is sent from the Solidose always consists of totally 28bytes. These 28 bytes are divided into 26 visible ASCII characters + LineFeed + Carriage return (i.e. ASCII character number 10 and 13). The firstthree bytes in a message is always reserved for a label. If the message doesnot have any explicit label, three space characters (ASCII character number32) will be inserted instead. A message is always filled with space charactersto match the length of totally 28 characters.

Note that firmware versions older than 2.0 sends 21 instead of 28 characters.



v Check the battery voltage.w Send the nominal bias voltage, i.e. the value stored in the ADI module or the value

manually set by the user. Only 400.A Try to load the contents of the ADI module. Send appropriate message.

Not 308.F Send the firmware version.G Send the serial number of the Solidose.H Send the product version.L Send the internal EEPROM template version number.N Send true if the current ADI module is of version 16 or newer, otherwise

false. Not 308.O Measure and send the present bias voltage. Only 400.P Send calibration factor 0 for rate (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.Q Send calibration factor 1 for rate (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.R Send calibration factor 2 for rate (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.S Send calibration factor 3 for rate (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.T Send calibration factor 0 for dose (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.U Send calibration factor 1 for dose (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.V Send calibration factor 2 for dose (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.W Send calibration factor 3 for dose (ADI module version 16 or newer).

Not 308.X Send the stored temperature value. Only 400.Y Send the stored pressure value. Only 400.Z Send the value of the TP factor. Only 400.


7.6.1. Verification

Every command that is sent from the computer is always verified by theSolidose, before the command is actually executed. The Solidose verifies acommand it recognises by sending:

then it starts executing the command. If a command is not recognised, it isverified with:

and the Solidose is ready for a new command.

7.6.2. Labels

Each label is filled with space characters to match the length of threecharacters. Since not all messages have a specific label, three space characterswill in those cases be used instead.


label quantity

BiV Bias voltage (only 400)BQ Beam quality textD DoseDF0 Calibration factor for dose unit 0DF1 Calibration factor for dose unit 1DF2 Calibration factor for dose unit 2DF3 Calibration factor for dose unit 3F Calibration factorHW Product versionI CurrentID Identification textNBi Nominal bias voltageNo Serial numberP Pressure (only 400)PN Product nameQ ChargeR RateRF0 Calibration factor for rate unit 0RF1 Calibration factor for rate unit 1RF2 Calibration factor for rate unit 2RF3 Calibration factor for rate unit 3SW Firmware versionT Temperature (only 400)TP TP factor (only 400)Tv The internal EEPROM template version number


7.6.3. Floating Point Number

Charge, current, and calibration factor are written in “scientific form” with sixdecimals, e.g. -1.064679e-13. This means that a floating point number alwaysconsists of thirteen characters, namely: minus or space, digit, decimal point,six digits, the character “e”, plus or minus, two digits. Examples:

7.6.4. Units

A unit follows every floating point number that the Solidose transmits, asshown in the table below.

unit quantity

A Current

C Charge

Gy/C Calibration factor (answer to command b).

Pa Pressure (only 400)

°C Temperature (only 400)

V Bias voltage (only 400)

*/ACalibration factor for a rate unit (answer tocommands P – S).

*/CCalibration factor for a dose unit (answer tocommands T – W).

* Corresponds to up till seven characters for a rate unit and up till fivecharacters for a dose unit. These texts are stored in an ADI module of version16 or newer and can thus consist of any printable ASCII-character.


7.6.5. Some Special Commands

7.6.5.1 Calibration Factors

The Solidose will only send charge and current values, not dose and dose ratevalues. This means that the PC must ask for the calibration factors and extractthe information necessary to present a radiological value.

Command b is relevant if the ADI module is of version 15 or older. Thecalibration factor is in this case always given with the unit Gy/C.

For ADI modules version 16 or newer commands P – S and T – W arerelevant. The PC must, besides the actual value of the calibration factor, alsoextract the unit text. The unit text will always start at position 18 and will inthe case of a dose factor be maximum five characters long. In the case of arate factor the unit text will be maximum seven characters long. In both casesthe unit text will be followed by /C and /A respectively. Here is an exampleof a reply due to command P:

7.6.5.2 ADI Loading in Remote Control

The presence of an ADI module is checked at the same time you chooseRemote control. Since it is the contents of the ADI module that decides thebeam quality text, the identification text and, most important of all, the

calibration factor. Therefore the user has to see to that the Solidose loads thenew ADI data when you exchange ADI module. While in Remote control,the only chance to update the Solidose with new ADI information is to usecommand A. When you use command A, you will of course get theverification (ok) and then one of the following four messages:

Note that the time between the ok and the message can be up to 7 secondsbecause it takes time to load new ADI data. The last message means that thereis a checksum error in the ADI module. You will need to remove the ADImodule and restart the Solidose.



7.6.5.3 Checking if the Solidose is Measuring

Questions about whether the exposure is in progress (command p) or hasended (command o) are answered with:

or:

Note that the “exposure memory” is reset after the command o is received.This means that repeated questions whether the exposure is finished will givefalse as an answer, until a new exposure has been registered.

7.6.5.4 Battery Voltage

Command v is answered with:

or

or

The second message is a warnings message you will get when it isapproximately two hours left of the battery life. The third message is a appealto you to immediately stop using the instrument and exchange the batteries.The command v checks the batteries even if the instrument is using externalDC power, thus answering with the third message if there are no batteriesinstalled.

7.6.5.5 Free Run

When Free run is enabled by command q the commands i and k are invalid.This is due to the fact that while in Free run, the current and charge valuesare only calculated one time per second.



7.7. Overflow

If there is an overflow condition when the PC asks for a current value theSolidose will answer with:

This is a appeal to you to decrease the input signal to the electrometer. If theinput signal is decreased sufficiently the Solidose will be able to startmeasuring again automatically. The Solidose will however not send anymessage informing that it is ready to measure a current. The next time the PCasks for a current value it will simply return a correct one.

If the PC asks for a charge value when a overflow situation has occurred theSolidose will answer with:

This will occur even if the electrometer is currently working but has had aprevious overflow. Since the Solidose cannot be aware of how much charge ithas neglected to register during the overflow situation, it cannot startmeasuring again until it has received command g (reset).

To summarise, it is important that the PC is prepared for the above messageswhen it asks for a current or a charge value respectively.

7.8. Initial Settings in Remote Control

Every time you choose Remote control certain initial settings of the Solidoseare made. These settings corresponds to receiving command a. In words thisis:

• Enable Auto reset function.• Disable Free run.• Send charge when the exposure is finished.



7.9. Error Handling

The connected computer has the overall responsibility for the success of thecommunication routines. After each command it transmits, it must wait for averification. If the connected computer does not get any verification or if itreceives an error, it must repeat the command until it gets ok. The Solidosewill continue to execute a command until it has verified a command that saysotherwise. The connected computer must all the time be able to receive all theinformation that the Solidose can transmit.

Each byte that the Solidose receives is put in a buffer. When it detects aCarriage Return (ASCII character number 13) it compares the buffer with alist of valid commands. If the buffer content (not including the CarriageReturn) match a valid command, ok is transmitted and the command isexecuted. If there is no match or if the buffer is full, error is transmitted. Ineither case the buffer is cleared and the Solidose is ready for a new command.The time between the reception of Carriage Return and the completedtransmit of the verification is at least 35 ms in the case of 9 600 bps and 55ms in the case of 4 800 bps.

The buffer size is 20 characters but any buffer content longer than onecharacter is invalid since a valid command only consists of one character. Thecontent of the buffer is however not checked until the buffer is full or aCarriage Return is received.



Chapter 8

ERROR MESSAGES

This section describes the error messages that can occur when using theSolidose. Some additional user errors, like “Dose error, press Reset”, that areobvious how to solve are not described here.

This message is shown when youselect the function “Unit of

measure” without the Solidose 300/400having any conversion factor loaded, i.e. noADI module connected or you have notchosen “User factor on” in the AUX menu.

This message is shown when youselect User factor in the AUX

menu, with an ADI module connected.

The measured value to be shown is largerthan 999.9 E03 units.

Electrometer hardware overflow. The inputcurrent is too high for the electrometer.Maximum input current to the electrometerdiffers between each Solidose but usually themaximum current is approximately 25 µA.

The microprocessor in the Solidose is tryingto initialise the electrometer. If this messagedoes not disappear then there is a hardwareerror in the electrometer. Contact your nearestRTI Electronics representative.

This message is shown when you select theRelative mAs function in the APP menu,without first having made an exposure. TheRelative mAs function must have a measureddose/charge value to relate to.


Chapter 8 ERROR MESSAGES

This message is shown when there isapproximately 2 hours operating time left,before power runs out of the four LR6alkaline batteries (size AA). The message isshown for approximately one second and thenthe previous displayed information is shownfor 5 seconds. The instrument is fully workingbut the displayed information will beinterrupted every fifth second by thismessage. Take a note of your latestmeasurements, switch the Solidose off andchange batteries. See section 3.4., Installationof Batteries.Note! If you connect the external power

supply when the Solidose is operating, it

will cause a microprocessor reset or a

shutdown of the instrument. It is

recommended to connect or disconnect the

external power supply when the Solidose is

switched off.

This message is shown in the HVL function ifyou measure in the mammographic range andthe calculated HVL is higher than 0,9 mm Al.

This message is shown in the HVL function ifyou measure in the radiographic range andthe calculated HVL is higher than 9,0 mm Al.

This message is shown in theHVL function when you measure

with an ADI module connected. In this casethe measured HVL value is out of range forcorrection by use of data in the ADI module.

This message is shown in the HVL function ifyou measure in the mammographic range andthe calculated HVL is lower than 0,1 mm Al.


ERROR MESSAGES Chapter 8

This message is shown in the HVL function ifyou measure in the radiographic range andthe calculated HVL is lower than 1,0 mm Al.

This message is shown when youselect the HVL function with an

ADI module connected that is not intendedfor HVL measurements, i.e. it has nocorrection data for HVL.

This message is shown in the HVL function ifyou have not made any exposures at 0,0 mmAl and try to exposure at another filterthickness. You must always start to measureHVL at 0,0 mm.

This message is shown in the HVL function ifyou try to calculate a HVL value withouthaving measured below the HVL value, i.e.the ratio has not passed 0,5. Continue tomeasure at thicker filters and make sure thatyou pass ratio 0,5 (compared to the measuredvalue at 0,0 mm Al).

This message is shown in the Ratio functionif the calculated ratio is higher than 999.9E03.

This message is shown in the Edit

user factor function if you enter avalue that the Solidose 300/400 cannotdefine, e.g. a value with two decimal pointsor a value higher than 6 E+38 or lower than6 E-37.

Contact an RTI Electronicsrepresentative.


Chapter 8 ERROR MESSAGES

Contact an RTI Electronics representative.

The detector is either notsupported by the Solidose or the

ADI has a too old version to be supported bythe Solidose. Please contact your RTIElectronics representative.

The attached detector cannot beoperated with bias enabled.

The bias voltage cannot beadjusted to proper levels, there is

probably something wrong with the detectoror the Solidose 400. Please contact your RTIElectronics representative.


ERROR MESSAGES Chapter 8

Chapter 9

ACCESSORIES

9.1. Accessories for the Solidose

9.1.1. Detectors (dose, light)

As standard the Solidose 300 includes an R100 detector with calibrations forone beam quality (one ADI module). The Solidose 400 supports a lot ofdetectors and ion chambers, and thus does not include a standard detector.Due to the ADI system, see section 3.3., it is very easy to connect otherdetectors for different measuring applications. In appendix B you will find ashortform detector selection guide with information about available detectorsfor the Solidose 300/400.

9.1.2. ADP-3

The ADP-3 is a ion chamber adapter adapter box with a built-in bias voltagesupply. It makes it possible to connect ion chambers to the Solidose 300, thathas BNC/banana connectors and operates on negative bias voltage. The biasvoltage is set to -300 V. This accessory is not needed for the Solidose 400,since it already has a built-in bias voltage supply.

9.1.3. MAS-1

Invasive mA and mAs probe for connection to the Solidose 300/400.Range: 0,1 - 2000 mA and 0,01 - 9999 mAs. Measurements are displayed inthe Solidose display. Includes an ADI module.

9.1.4. MAS-2

Non-invasive mA and mAs probe for connection to the Solidose 300/400.Range: 50 - 2000 mA and 1 - 9999 mAs. Measurements are displayed in theSolidose display. Includes an ADI module.

9.1.5. MAS-3

The MAS-3 system is a mA and mAs probe for connection to theSolidose 300/400. The system provides a way to measure mA and mAs onX-ray equipment non-invasively both during exposures and fluoro. TheMAS-3 system measures from 0,1 - 2000 mA and 0,01 - 9999 mAs.Measurements are displayed in the Solidose display. Includes an ADImodule.


Chapter 9 ACCESSORIES

9.1.6. EXT-1

Extension cable (8 m) for dose and light detectors, the MAS-1, 2, 3, and theADP-3.

9.1.7. HVL Stand

Adjustable stand for easy positioning of dose detectors and HVL filters.Includes bottom plate, rod, detector holder, filter holder (33×33 mm), and alead cross positioning device.

9.1.8. HVL Filter Kit

Aluminium AL1100 (99 %) filter set. 6×1,00 mm, 2×0,50 mm, 4×0,10 mmand 2×0,05 mm. Size: 33×33 mm.

9.1.9. External Power Supply

Optional power supply:Hewlett Packard HP F1011A, AC/DC class 2.Input: 100 - 240 V AC, 0,3 A, 50/60 HzOutput: 12V DC, 0,75 A with 2,1 mm DC plug

(+ connected to outside connector)AC plug version HP F1011A option ABA - U.S. & Canada

HP F1011A option ABB - EuropeHP F1011A option ABG - AustraliaHP F1011A option ABU - United KingdomHP F1011A option ACQ - South Africa

9.1.10. Carrying Case

A padded carrying case for transportation and storage of your Solidose.

9.1.11. CAS-4

Hard carrying case for transportation and storage of the Solidose.Dimensions: 47×36×12 cm.

9.1.12. MAGNA 1cc, Ion Chamber

Ion chamber, 1 cc with triaxial LEMO connector, for use with Solidose 400.


ACCESSORIES Chapter 9

9.1.13. WDCT10, CT Ion Chamber with LEMO Connector

CT ionisation chamber for use with Solidose 400. The CT probe is intendedfor dose measurements on CT scanners in a phantom or in air. The chamberhas an active volume of 4,9 cm³, and an active length of 100 mm.

9.1.14. WDCT10, CT Ion Chamber with BNC-banana

Connector

CT ionisation chamber for use with ADP-3 and Solidose 300. The CT probeis intended for dose measurements on CT scanners in phantom or in air. Thechamber has an active volume of 4,9 cm³, and an active length of 100 mm.


Chapter 9 ACCESSORIES



ACCESSORIES Chapter 9

Chapter 10

PRECAUTIONS AND

MAINTENANCE

10.1. Safety Precautions• The Solidose is intended for service and quality control of diagnostic X-ray

equipment. It is not intended for use during or together with diagnostic examinationsof patients.

• RTI Electronics AB takes no responsibility for misuse of the Solidose or usetogether with products that the Solidose is not intended for.

• RTI Electronics AB assumes no responsibility to customers not following thesesafety precautions.

• Do NOT connect detectors or sources to the input marked “DETECTOR”, otherthan those specified by RTI Electronics AB.

• Do NOT exceed the DC input limits specified (max 15 V).

• Remember to make all connections when the power is off.

• Do NOT connect other things than ADI modules from RTI Electronics AB, to theADI input (9-pole D-SUB) of the Solidose.

• Do NOT connect a PC or any other computer to the ADI input of the Solidose.

• Do NOT touch the pins of the ADI module.

• Do NOT expose the instrument to direct sunlight, extremes of temperature andhumidity, or dew fall.

• Do NOT wind up the detector cable with less diameter than 10 cm. Note that thedetector cable (triaxial) is very sensitive. Avoid to expose the cable to any type ofmechanical strain.

• Only qualified personnel are permitted to open the instrument.

• Warning! Remember that the bias voltage is present at the inner shield

of the detector input connector, when the yellow LED on the left side ofthe instrument is ON.

• You should have in mind that the dose and dose rate values are only

compensated with the TP-factor if BIAS is activated due to an ADImodule or if BIAS and User factor function are activated simultaneously by the user.


Chapter 10 PRECAUTIONS AND MAINTENANCE

10.2. Maintenance• Keep detector connectors clean from dust when not in use.

• Remember to take out the batteries, to avoid leakage, if the instrument is not to beused for a longer period of time.

• Do not use aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorimated solvents, or other aggressivesolutions for cleaning. Clean the top panel and housing with a mild solution ofdetergent and water.


PRECAUTIONS AND MAINTENANCE Chapter 10

Chapter 11

SPECIFICATIONS

11.1. General

The specifications are based on the fact that the instrument is calibrated atleast once a year.For a calibration description, see the calibration record.

The inaccuracy is here defined as the sum of systematic errors, which havenot been eliminated, and random errors (dispersion around a mean value).The calculation of the inaccuracy is based on 15 different measurements andwith a confidence level of 95 %.

Specifications are valid after a warm-up time of one minute and presumingreference conditions.

Reference conditions:

Temperature: 22 - 24 °C

Relative humidity: 50 %

Air pressure: 101,3 kPa

Beam quality: Conventional diagnostic:Beam quality (-A-): 70 kV, W anode,total filtration of 23 mm Al.

Beam quality (-b-): 70 kV, W anode,total filtration of 3 mm Al.

Mammography:Beam quality (-C-): 28 kV, Mo anode,total filtration of 30 µm Mo + 2 mm Al.

Beam quality (-d-): 28 kV, Mo anode,total filtration of 30 µm Mo.


Chapter 11 SPECIFICATIONS

11.2. General Specifications

Power source: Four alkaline batteries type LR6 or AA.

Operating time: Approximately 20 hours.

DC input considerations: 6 - 15 V DC, centre pin 0 V, min. 0,3 A,ripple < 10 mV.The input is protected from reverse polarity

Recommended power source: HP F1011A (optional)See section 9.1.9

Display type: 2 × 16 alphanumeric LCD.Viewing angle approximately 45°.Contrast variable by the user, see section 3.2.

Size: L × W × H: 205 × 135 × 58 mm

Weight: 1,1 kg including 4 LR6 batteries.

Detector connector: Triax LEMO type “0”.

Computer interface: RS-232, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, 4800 bpsor 9600 bps.

Connector: 8-pole Mini-DIN female.Pin configuration: See description of the interface cable RTI/S1.

Temperature range: Operating: 15 - 35 °CStorage: 0 - 50 °C


SPECIFICATIONS Chapter 11

11.3. Electrometer Specifications

Ranges:Charge: 0,5 pC - 10 mC

Current: 5 pA - 25 µA

Resolution:Charge: 0,01 pC

Current: 0,05 pA

Inaccuracy:

Charge: ±(0,8 % + 1 digit) or ±0,5 pC

Current: ±(0,8 % + 1 digit) or ±0,5 pA

Random errors:

Charge: ±0,2 % or ±0,5 pC

Current: ±0,2 % or ±0,5 pA

Temperature dependence of the electrometer response (measured after reset):< 0,5 % in the range 15 - 35 °C

Temperature dependence of the electrometer offset current drift:0,5 pA/°C

Note! The Solidose measures the offset current four times per second whenthere is no incident signal on the detector (i.e. signal level is below theinternal trig level). This means that the possible offset current drift isautomatically compensated between exposures.

Minimum exposure time:0,5 ms



11.4. Dosemeter (Electrometer + Detector) Specifications

Dose range valid for detector R100 (typical values for radiography):

Dose: 10 nGy - 180 Gy1,1 µR - 21 kR

Resolution: 0,2 nGy0,02 µR

Dose rate: 100 nGy/s - 450 mGy/s11 µR/s - 50 R/s

Resolution: 1 nGy/s0,1 µR/s

Inaccuracy (I) for dose and dose rate valid for detector R100 at referenceconditions:

Dose (D): D > 1,0 µGy I = ±5 %D > 114 µR I = ±5 %

Dose rate (D’): D’ < 1,0 µGy/s I = ±(10 - 5×D’) %(D’ in µGy/s)

D’ < 114 µR/s I = ±(10 - 43,5×D’) %(D’ in mR/s)

D’> 1,0 µGy/s I = ±5 %D’> 114 µR/s I = ±5 %

Random errors:

Dose: ±1 % or ±10 nGy

Dose rate: ±1 % or ±10 nGy/s



Temperature dependence of the dosemeter response (measured after reset):< 0,5 % in the range 15 - 35 °C

Temperature dependence of the dosemeter offset current drift:30 nGy/s /°C

Note! The Solidose measures the offset current four times per second whenthere is no incident signal on the detector (i.e. the signal level is below theinternal trig level). This means that the possible offset current drift isautomatically compensated between exposures.

Minimum exposure time:0,5 ms

Energy dependence:See Detector Calibration Record.



11.5. RTI/S1 Serial Interface Cable

Cable configuration:

Cable: Black AVG 26, shielded, 0,14 mm², length 2 m.The Solidose uses only RxD, TxD, GND, and shield.



Declaration of Conformity

We, RTI Electronics AB, Flöjelbergsgatan 8 C, SE-431 37 MÖLNDAL, Sweden,

declare under our sole responsibility that the product:

Product name: Solidose Model name: 300, 308, 400

Type of equipment: Electrometer

Intended use of this product: Measurements of kerma, kerma rate, luminance,illuminance, and tube current

is in conformity with the provisions of the following EC Directive(s):

● 89/336/EEC Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC), and amending directives 92/31/EEC, 93/68/EEC, 98/13/EEC

● 73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive (LVD), and amending directive 93/68/EEC

and that the following standards and/or technical specifications referenced below have been applied:

EN 55022/B, EN 55014, EN 60950 part 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 (EN 60601-1-2 part 19), EN 61000-3-2, EN 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-3, EN 61000-4-4, EN 61000-4-5, EN 61000-4-6, EN 61000-4-11, ETS 300 342-1

Mölndal, 2005-10-31, ……………………………………Lars Herrnsdorf, Vice President

Address: RTI Electronics AB • Flöjelbergsgatan 8 C • SE-431 37 MÖLNDAL • SwedenPhone: +46 (0)31 746 36 00 • Fax: +46 (0)31 27 05 73 • E-mail: [email protected] • Web: www.rti.se

2-CE-9606000-0 Tillverkardeklaration Solidose.odt, Revision: C



11.7 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)

The WEEE directive places an obligation on manufacturers, distributors, andretailers to take back electronics products at the end of their useful life.The WEEE directive covers all RTI products being sold into the European Union(EU) as of August 13, 2005. Manufacturers, distributors, and retailers are obligedto finance the cost of recovery from municipal collection points, reuse, andrecycling of specified percentages per the WEEE requirements.

Instructions for disposal of WEEE by Users in the European Union

The symbol, shown left, is marked on the product, whichindicates that this product must not be disposed of with otherwaste. Instead, it is the user's responsibility to dispose of theuser's waste equipment by handing it over to a designatedcollection point for the recycling of waste electrical andelectronic equipment. The separate collection and recycling ofwaste equipment at the time of disposal will help to conservenatural resources and ensure that it is recycled in a mannerthat protects human health and the environment. For more

information about where you can drop off your waste equipment for recycling,please contact your local distributor from whom you purchased the product.

Appendix A

This appendix gives information about other products available from RTIElectronics AB.

It also contains a Problem Report to be copied and filled in when you haveproblems with your Solidose. The information from the Problem Report helpsRTI Electronics AB to give you a quick solution to your problem.

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B A-1

Appendix A

A.1. Other Products Available from RTI Electronics

RTI Electronics AB also produces and markets other products.For updated infomation see our web page at www.rti.se.

A-2 2005-10/3.0B Solidose Manual

Appendix A

A.2. Problem Report

Next page contains a Problem Report to be copied and filled in if you havesome problems with your Solidose. Send the document toRTI Electronics AB or a representative for RTI Electronics AB.

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B A-3

Appendix A

PROBLEM REPORT

Issued by: Date:________________

Name:Company/Hospital:Address:Country:Phone: Telefax:E-mail:

Instrument type: Serial No:Detector type: Serial No:ADI module:

Generator settingsGenerator type:kVp: mA: exposure time:Filtration:

Describe the type of problem as thoroughly as possible. Also describe modeand settings of the instrument when the problem occured.

For RTI use only

Date received:Handled by: Date:Description:

A-4 2005-10/3.0B Solidose Manual

Appendix A

Appendix B

B.1. Shortform Detector Selection Guide

Type ADI code Beam quality Typical use Typical range

R100 8/A50 - 150 kV,W/23 mm Al

Radiographic:

film dose/rate,

mAs linearity, output

reproducibility, and

AEC

10 nGy - 180 Gy

1,1 µR - 20 kR

100 nGy/s - 450 mGy/s

11 µR/s - 50 R/s

R100 8/B50 - 150 kV,

W/3 mm Al

Radiographic:

skin dose/rate,


reproducibility, and

HVL

10 nGy - 180 Gy

1,1 µR - 20 kR

100 nGy/s - 450 mGy/s

11 µR/s - 50 R/s

R100 8/C25 - 35 kV,

Mo/30 µm Mo+ 2 mm Al

Mammographic:

film dose/rate,


Reproducibility, and

AEC

15 nGy - 250 Gy

1,5 µR - 28 kR

150 nGy/s - 600 mGy/s

15 µR/s - 70 R/s

R100 8/D25 - 35 kV,

Mo/30 µm Mo

Mammographic:

skin dose/rate,


reproducibility

20 nGy - 370 Gy

2,2 µR - 42 kR

200 nGy/s - 900 mGy/s

22 µR/s - 100 R/s

L100 6/ULuminance,

monitor adapter

CRT monitors,

film viewing boxes0,05 - 275 000 cd/m²

L100 6/YIlluminance,

cosine diffuserAmbient light levels 0,02 - 100 000 lx

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B B-1

Appendix B

The L100 detector with cosine diffuserfor illuminance measurements (lx).

The L100 detector with monitoradapter for luminance


Appendix B

B-2 2005-10/3.0B Solidose Manual

INDEX

A

ADI 2-2, 3-2, 3-3

ADI system 3-3

ADP-3 9-1

Ambient light shield 5-8

APP 4-11

Application functions 4-11

Arrow keys 4-3

Auto prompt 4-14, 4-15, 4-19,4-22

Auto reset 4-22, 6-1

AUX 4-4

Auxiliary functions 4-4

B

Batteries 3-4

Battery capacity 2-4, 4-9

Baud rate 2-7, 4-25

Beam quality field 3-5

Bias function 2-4, 4-6

C

Carrying case 9-2

CAS-4 9-2

Conformity, declaration 11-7

Connectors 3-2

CRT 5-8

CT ion chamber 9-3

Customise the Solidose 4-21

D

Declaration of conformity 11-7

Detector housing 5-8

Detector info 2-4, 4-8

Detector input 3-2

Dose 2-1, 4-1

Dose/Frame 2-6, 4-18

E

Edit user factor 2-7, 4-24

EMC standards 11-7

Enter a value 4-3

Error messages 8-1

Examples 5-2

Exit 4-10, 4-20, 4-26

Exit function 4-3

EXT-1 9-2

External power supply 9-2

F

Free run 2-3, 4-5, 6-2

Free Run 4-5

G

Gray (Gy) 4-25

H

HVL 2-5, 4-14, 4-22

HVL filter kit 9-2

HVL stand 9-2

I

Image Intensifier 5-3, 6-2

Installation of batteries 3-4

Intended use 11-7

Ion chamber 9-2

L

L100 B-1

Language 2-7, 4-24

LCD Contrast 3-2

Light detector 5-8

M

Magna 1cc 9-2

Solidose Manual 2005-10/3.0B i-1

INDEX

Main functions 2-1, 4-1

Manual prompt 4-15, 4-22

Manual reset 4-22, 6-1

Manufacturers declaration of conformity11-7

mAs probe 9-1

Measurements 5-1

Measuring air kerma 5-2

Measuring hints 6-1

Measuring HVL 5-5

Measuring luminance 5-8

Measuring on Image Intensifier5-3

Menu system 4-3

Mini-DIN 3-2

Monitor adapter tube 5-8

Moving average 2-6, 4-19

O

Offset current 4-2, 4-5, 11-3,11-5

On/Off switch 3-2

P

Power on 3-5

Power supply 3-2

Pressure 2-6, 4-23

Prompt mode 2-6, 4-14, 4-22,4-23, 6-1

Q

Quick Start 2-1

R

R100 B-1

Rate 2-2, 4-1

Ratio 2-6, 4-19, 4-22

Recall factory settings 2-7, 4-26

Reference conditions 11-1

Relative mAs 2-5, 4-17

Remote control 2-3, 4-5

Reproducibility 2-5, 4-12, 4-22

Reset 2-2, 4-1, 4-2

Reset mode 2-6, 4-22

Roentgen (R) 4-25

Rotation of the tube 6-1

RS-232 3-2

RTI/S1 11-6

S

Safety precautions 10-1

Save settings as default 2-7, 4-26

Serial interface cable 11-6

SET 4-21

Solid state detectors 5-1

Solidose 308 1-2

Solidose 400 1-2

Specifications 11-1

T

Temperature 2-6, 4-23

Top panel 3-1

TP-factor 1-3

TP-info 2-4, 4-8

U

Unit of measure 2-7, 4-25

User factor 2-4, 4-6, 4-8

V

Version info 2-4, 4-9

W

Waste Electrical ... (WEEE) 11-8

WDCT10 9-3

WinRAD program 7-1

i-2 2005-10/3.0B Solidose Manual

INDEX

solidose 300 308 400 2.0c (okrtigroup.com/content/downloads/manuals/manuals old... · 1.1. a short...

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