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8/14/2019 Solidworks reddit version.pdf http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/solidworks-reddit-versionpdf 1/31 !"#$% '()*+$,- ",) .,"+/#$# 0#$,- 1(+$)2(34# 5 An Instructional Manual for Basic Modeling and Analysis Using Dassault Systemes SolidWorks

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Page 1: Solidworks reddit version.pdf

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An Instructional Manual for Basic Modeling and Analysis

Using Dassault Systemes SolidWorks

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1-2-3 Block

The first part we will model is a simple 1-2-3 block, so called because its

dimensions are 1 inch by 2 inches by 3 inches. This simple block is a staple part in

machining. It is often assigned to new machinist both to teach them useful skills in its

manufacture, and for its usefulness in setting up parts. We will use this block to teach the

 basics of sketching and dimensioning as well as the use of the extrude feature. Later this

 block will be used for some of our basic force simulations. We will also use this part to

teach the basics of opening a new part file which will be used for all subsequent modeling

examples.

After opening SolidWorks a blank screen should be displayed as below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

In order to model our block we must open a new part file. This can be done one of two

ways. A new file can be opened by pressing the key combination of Ctrl+n, or by going

to the file menu in the top left corner, and selecting new. Either of these methods should

 bring up one of the two screens below, for our model we will select “Part”.

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(Images: Fotofast, 2013)

After selecting part the screen should look the same as below with only menus and

nothing in the main modeling area.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

For the 1-2-3 block we will go to the sketch tab of the top bar, and select

“sketch”.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

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3 planes labeled front plane, top plane and right plane, should appear as below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Next click the front plane; your view should shift so that the origin is the only point on

the screen. Your screen should look like the image below.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Next we will click the rectangle tool .

The default rectangle type requires that we define two corners of the rectangle.

First we will click on the origin, and then move the mouse to an arbitrary point up and to

the right, while doing this a rectangle should be seen with its bottom left corner at the

origin and the top right corner at the arbitrary point.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Significant of the origin. The selection of the origin as a corner of the rectangle

is not arbitrary, while it has no impact on the individual component we are

modeling; it has implications for the use of parts in assemblies as well as the

manufacture of these parts. It is important to remember that the ultimate goal of

CAD is to produce designs for components and devices that will actually be

 produced.

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The most important thing to notice at this point is that the rectangle we have made

is blue in color; this indicates that its dimensions are not sufficiently defined. At this

 point we must add dimensions to the sketch to define its size. In this example our model

has dimensions of 1”x2”x3”. At this point one may be wondering how this two-

dimensional sketch will produce a 3-dimensional block. The creation of 3D objects from2D sketches is one of the biggest conceptual hurdles that must be overcome in CAD

modeling. In this case we need to define a cross section, which we subsequently will

extrude to create a 3D shape. For the 1-2-3 block we can chose 3 cross sections, 1”x2”,

1”x3”, or 2”x3”, each of which will require an extrude with a dimensional value of the

missing dimension. We will chose a 1”x3” cross section, which will later require a 2”

extrude. To set these dimensions we will use the “SmartDimension” tool.

To do this first click the SmartDimension icon, . Then select one of the

vertical lines making up the perimeter of the rectangle. Next click the other vertical line.

After making these two selections a box should appear; its current value is of no

significance. In this box input 3 and hit enter. Doing this defines two lines as being 3

inches apart from each other. Adding this dimension should turn the vertical lines black

with blue points at the top ends, this indicates that the lines are in a position which is

constrained side to side, but not vertically. While still using the SmartDimension tool,repeat the previous steps but this time click the horizontal lines and input 1 for the

dimension. Your sketch should now be entirely black, this indicates that it is fully defined

and has the dimensions of the sketch in the image below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Had we not anchored the corner of the rectangle at the origin, the sketch would still be

 blue because while the rectangles dimensions would be fixed and the location of the

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rectangle on the plane would be unrestricted. Since our sketch is now fully defined we

can exit the sketch, this is done by clicking the exit sketch icon at the top left of your

screen.

Having fully defined our sketch it is time to turn the 2D sketch into a 3D object.

As mentioned earlier we will use the extrude feature for this model. To create the extrudeclick on the features tab, and then click the extrude boss/base button. A dialogue box

should appear on the left. The sketch we made before will automatically be selected.

 Next select “Mid Plane” for the type of extrusion. This is another choice that is made so

the model is more usable. Mid plane will extrude the part in each direction with the plane

we sketched on in the center, this makes mating in assemblies much easier, which we will

cover later. The last input we must make is for the thickness of the extrude, in our case, 2

inches. After inputting 2 in. the dimension box you model should look like the image

 below with the extrude fields filled to match the image and the same yellow preview.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Click either the green check mark at the top of the extrude options, or the green

checkmark in the top right of the screen to finish the extrude. We now have a finished

 part, save the part under the name 1-2-3 block and open a new part file for the next

model.

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Simple Cap

Our next part is a simple cap for which we will use the revolve feature. The

revolve feature takes a sketch and traces it around an axis of revolution defined by us. To

start, create a new sketch on the front plane. Next select the line tool and create a hollow

L shape starting from the origin; your sketch should look like the image below and

consist of 6 lines.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Again we see that our sketch is blue meaning we must add relations and dimensions to

define the sketch. Before we add dimensions we are going to create a few relations

 between the lines. This is an important feature when defining sketches. By using more

relations and fewer dimensions, parts are easier to edit should the need for changes arise.

Click the line tool again to exit the tool; you should have an arrow with no icon next to it.

 Next, while holding the control button, click the two short lines that make up the top and

end of the L, a box should appear on the left as below.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Select the “=” sign, this will make the two lines equal in length, lastly click the green

check mark. Next select the top of the L and the far left, again holding the control button

to select multiple lines. Once again we are going to click the equal sign. We are also

going to click the perpendicular symbol . When sketching, SolidWorks

will automatically create some references; these are the symbols in green you see if you

hover the mouse over a line or other feature. The automatic references made when

sketching the L mean that defining the two lines as perpendicular is not necessary, but it

is a good practice. Our last reference will be with the two lines that make the inside of the

L. For these lines we will only define them as perpendicular, this will constrain their

length as well, as it is dictated by the other lines when we define the direction of these

two. Lastly we must add dimension. Click the smart dimension tool and dimension one of

the short lines as 0.25 and the vertical line on the outside as 1.0; your sketch should be

 black and look like the image below.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Notice that we fully dimensioned this sketch with only 2 dimensions due to our

references. Without the references we put in place, we would have needed to dimension

every line which would be a bit cumbersome. Now that we have a fully defined sketch

we will exit the sketch.

Select the features tab and click revolved boss/base . Similar to the extrude

feature, a set of boxes will appear on the left of the screen. The revolve tool requires that

we select an axis of revolution and a shape as well as how many degrees we want it to

revolve. The axis of revolution is the axis about which the shape will be revolved; in our

case this is the short bottom of the L. The box for the axis of revolution should

automatically be highlighted. Click the bottom of the L to define it as the axis of

revolution.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

The sketch we made earlier should automatically be selected as the shape to

revolve. As a default the revolution should be 360 degrees, if for some reason it is not

input 360 in the revolution field. All fields should match the image below as should the

yellow preview.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Click the green check mark to finish the revolve. We now have a cap, but the sharp

corner on the inside and outside are not ideal. To fix these we are going to use the Fillet

feature.

Click the Fillet button . To add a fillet we must select the edge we wish to

Fillet, to do this simply hover over the edge until only the ring around the outside is

highlighted in orange in the first image below.

(Images: Fotofast, 2013)

We also want to Fillet the inside of our shape, do this we must rotate the shape.

To manipulate the shape simply press down on your mouse’s scroll wheel and move the

mouse, the shape will spin in 3D space. Once you have a view of the inside, repeat the

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 previous step of hovering your mouse and clicking once only the orange ring is

highlighted as in the second image above. Fillets can be applied to a number of edges at

once given that they are to have the same radius Fillet, in our case we will make both a

radius of 0.10. Input this dimension in the box named fillet radius, you should have two

yellow previews of the fillets. Click the green check mark to apply the fillets. Our part isnow finished, save it as “Simple Cap”.

Creation of Basic Assembly Components

 Now that we understand the two most frequently used modeling features, we are

going to do a very simple assembly. An assembly is as the name suggests, an assembly of

 parts related to each other through things called mates. Mates are nothing more than

references between two different parts. For out simple assembly we are going to modify

our 1-2-3-block and create a simplified bolt.

Modified 1-2-3 block. First we will modify our 1-2-3-block, by adding 8 holes.

To do this, start by opening the model file we created earlier. Next click the sketch tab

and start a new sketch. Rather than selecting one of the 3 planes, we are going to select

one of the 2”x3” faces as highlighted below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Select the circle tool from the sketch bar, and create a circle that is contained on the

face and near the corner, its exact location is unimportant, after drawing the circle it

should be blue and your model should look roughly like the image below. You may wish

to spin the part for easier sketching.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Next select the line tool and draw one line from the vertical edge of the face to the center

of the circle, and another from the center of the circle to the bottom edge of the face as

illustrated below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

We are going to use these lines to define the position of the circle, but we do not want

SolidWorks to think that the lines are part of the shape that makes up the hole. We can

tell SolidWorks that these lines are “construction lines.” To do this simply deselect the

line tool and select both lines while holding control. A box with relation options should

 pop up on the left as before, in this case we want the two lines to be equal in length, we

also want to check the box next to “for construction” and like before we click the =

symbol. To finalize the position of the circle simply dimension one of the lines, we will

make them ! of an inch, 0.25in. The center of the circle should now be black but the

outside will still be blue. This is because we have defined its location but not its size. Add

a dimension of .125 for the diameter by clicking the outside of the circle while using

smart dimension. Your fully defined circle sketch should look like the image below.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Now that our sketch it fully defined, exit the sketch and go to the features tab. Select the

extrude cut feature. You may have a blank dialogue box, if this is the case simply click

the circle sketch which should be grey, and set the depth to “through all” as shown below.

Lastly click the green check mark.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Now we have one hole, but we want 8 holes. While we could have sketched 8 holes thereare much more efficient ways to make more holes. We are going to use a linear pattern

and then a mirror to get our 8 holes. This is not the absolute fastest way to do this, but it

allows us to explore two very useful features, and is still much faster than creating 8

individual holes.

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First we will use the linear pattern tool . This is found in the features toolbar

at the top of the screen. The extrude cut we just made should auto select as the feature to

 pattern, we must still specify a direction, the spacing, and the number of instances. The

direction is established by clicking the 3 in edge highlighted below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

We need 8 total holes but for this step we want 4, thus for instances we input 4. To define

the spacing we will make use of a handy feature in SolidWorks. Any dimensional box

can be filled with an equation. In this case we need 3 equal gaps to separate the 4 holes,

subtracting the space from the edge from the total length. We understand that the holes

must be 2.5 to 3 in apart, so we simply input that in the spacing box and click the green

checkmark. Your screen should look as below with all fields matching those of the image

 before clicking the check mark.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

To turn the 4 holes we have made into 8 we are going to use the mirror tool. To start this

step just click the mirror tool in the feature bar . The mirror tool requires a plane or

face to mirror about and the feature we wish to mirror. You may recall that we used a

Mid Plane extrusion earlier, that choice makes this mirror much easier. Since we

extruded the 2 in. dimension equally from our sketch plane, which was the front plane,

we must now simply select the front plane. To do this click the “+” pointed to below, this

will show the “feature tree”.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Click the field named Mirror face/plane and select the front plane in the tree. Next, click

the field named Features to Mirror and then the linear pattern from in the tree. Your

screen should match the image below, if so click the green check mark and you will have

8 holes in your 1-2-3-block. Save your new model as 1-2-3-block with holes.

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FEA Force Simulation of the 1-2-3 Block

As briefly explained before FEA is a powerful analysis tool built into

SolidWorks. SolidWorks is capable of preforming a number of different design studies

 but for this manual we will focus on two simple types of study. Using the 1-2-3-block

and the simple cap we made before, we will do two different static studies using a force

and a pressure. First we will do the force study on the 1-2-3-block.

To start the force study we need to open the model of the 1-2-3-block we made earlier.

Once the model is open go to the “office products” tab and select SolidWorks simulation.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

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This will create a new tab at the top called simulation. Click on this new tab. You should

see an icon labeled study with a drop down arrow under it. Click the drop down arrow

and select new study.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

A number of study types should come up on the left. We want to select “static” as shown

 below and then the green check mark.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

To do a study we must define a few things for SolidWorks to use in its analysis.

We must define the material out of which the part is made as well as the load we are

 placing on it and in what way it is fixed. This last one is a bit tricky but very important. It

is easiest to explain in the context of physical testing, after all, FEA is a simulation

method and thus correlates to real testing. If we were to put a force on the side of out

 block, it would simply slide unless we somehow held it in place. The fixtures in a

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simulation are simply our way of telling SolidWorks how we would like to hold the part.

In this case we are going to use what is called a fixed geometry, which means

SolidWorks will keep the face we select completely fixed while applying force as we

define. To set the fixture right click on the fixtures icon as pointed to below. This will

give a dropdown menu; select fixed geometry from this menu.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

The last step is to pick what face we wish to fix, we will use one of the two 1”x3” faces,

it is arbitrary which one we use. Your screen should look like the one below, with green

arrows on the face we selected.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Next we will define the material. To do this, right click the field pointed to below,

this will give a drop down menu much like for fixtures. Select Plain Carbon Steel from

this menu, SolidWorks has a large library containing the relevant properties for most

commonly used material however we will not address more advanced material

assignments in this manual.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

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 Now we must define the force we wish to apply to the block. To do this, simply

click the external load dropdown and select force as shown below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

We are going to apply a 1000lb force to the 1”x3” face across from the face we

fixed earlier, this simulation would be analogous to applying 1000lbs. of crushing force

in a physical test. Units will need to be changed to imperial; this is done in the units

dropdown menu. The dialogue box on the left should match that of the image below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

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Creating a mesh is the last thing we must do before we can run the test. The mesh

is the basis for Finite Element Analysis. The method works by breaking the model into a

large number of small elements and evaluating each, the mesh defines these small

elements. We create the mesh by right clicking the “mesh” field and selecting “createmesh”.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

A slider will be displayed with bounds of course and fine, a finer mesh will

 produce more accurate results but the simulation will take longer to run. We will leave

the slider at the default position since our study is being performed only for our

education.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Finally we can run the simulation, to do this simply click the “run” button at the

top of the screen.

Your model should look the same as the image below. Notice that the results

folder has 3 fields under it, each of these represents a different engineering measurement

which provides information about the models performance in the simulation. The

meaning and manipulation of these outputs is well beyond the scope of this manual and

will not be covered.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

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FEA Pressure Simulation of Simple Cap

 Now we will run FEA on the simple cap modeled earlier. This simulation will

have many similar features to the last one but we will apply a different load type. Instead

of applying a force like last time, we are going to apply a pressure. Just like last time we

must apply a material, a load, a fixture condition and a mesh. Refer to the last section if

you need guidance on the location of each option. Start by repeating the material

assignment from the 1-2-3-block simulation, again choosing Plain Carbon Steel for the

material. We again are going to use fixed geometry for our fixture. This time we will

select the rim around the open end of the cap as highlighted in the image below.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

 Next we need to apply our load, click the drop down and select “pressure”.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Select the 3 internal faces highlighted below and specify a pressure of 1000 psi,

units again will have to be changed to imperial. You should have the same faces

highlighted and your input fields should match the image.

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(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Like the last simulation we will use a medium mesh. After meshing simply click

“run” and wait for the results to come up, they should look like the image below.

(Image: Fotofast, 2013)

Conclusion

In this brief manual we have covered some of the basic features of SolidWorks.

We modeled a part using the extrude tool, and two parts with the revolve tool. In the

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course of modeling these parts we learned how to sketch using some of the basic sketch

tools. We also learned how to dimension and relate sketch elements in order to constrain

the size and location of our sketch. We made use of some more advanced tools, linear

 pattern and mirror, while modeling our modified block. Assemblies were also covered via

out example assembly using the simplified bolts and modified 1-2-3 blocks. Lastly we performed two static simulations of the first two parts we made. Throughout the manual a

number of seemingly arbitrary choices were made, these were made in order to establish

good modeling habits. The last point that should be made is to remember at all times that

modeling is a tool for the creation of actual parts. Hopefully this manual has provided

some insight into the use of SolidWorks for basic tasks. The skills taught in this manual

should allow a user to do much of the simple modeling they would like.