Some Thoughts on Phase II

forTarget fabrication, injection, and

tracking

presented by Dan Goodin

Georgia Institute of TechnologyFebruary 5th & 6th, 2004

We have formulated a phased program to develop Fusion Energy

Phase IIstart 2005

Phase IIIEngineering Test FacilityETFstart 2014, operating 2020

Engineering Test Facility (ETF) 2-3 MJ, 60 laser beam lines High gain target implosions Optimize chamber materials & components. Generate 300 MW electricity from fusion

Laser facility – full energy beam line hit injected targets Target facility inject IFE targets in chamber env R & D on other components Power Plant Design

Develop Viable: Target designs, scalable laser tech, target fab/ injection, final optics, chamber concept

Establish: Target physics, Full scale Laser technology, Power Plant design

?

NIF Implosions 1.5 MJ laser Demonstrate ignition & gain

Phase I:Mission Oriented R&D 2001

Target Design Modeling Laser/Target Experiments

Lasers Electra KrF Mercury DPPSL

Other Comp target fabrication target injection final optics chamber

We arehere

?

Show Viability/Feasibility, Proof-of-principle, “credible pathway”

Integrated fab/inject/track/hit

w/simulated chamber

Provide simplified injector for laser facility

Objective of this talk

• Describe specifics of what remains to be done in “Phase I”• For target fabrication, injection, and tracking• Overall objectives/purpose of Phase I• Details of each process step & “grade” it’s readiness

• Describe specific proposals for “Phase II”• Overall objectives of Phase II (readiness for ETF)• Details of specific tasks and accomplishments

Objectives for Phase I for target technology

A “credible pathway” for mass-producing 500,000 targets/day- Top-goal = convince a “High Level Review Panel”…- meet the requirements of target design & the power plant- show the targets can be cheap enough to make electricity (costing

models, preliminary plant designs)- build an injector to demonstrate basics of injection/tracking

- handling and protection methods for direct drive (sabot)- velocity to traverse chamber and for thermal survival- accuracy of tracking in flight

Materials property data Analyses and

modeling

Demonstration/validation

experiments

Juststarting

Readyfor

Phase II

What remains in Phase I?

Remaining work in Phase I

Capsules/overcoats

Metal overcoats

Filling with DT

Layering

Injection

Tracking/beam steering

Survival-Strength for acceleration

-Heat flux effects

Solve NC, roughness of overcoat issues, meet specs.

Feasibility story “there”

Property data and fill time

Sphylinder with prototypical DT layers, cryogenic fluidized bed to show T uniformity en masse

Demonstrate rep-rated sabot separation concept, & accuracyDemonstrate accuracy of in-flight tracking & define concepts for coordination of tracking/steering

Measure DT strength as f(T, t)

Analyses showing multiple success paths (limit chamber, phase change, insulating foam)

Target Supply Steps

Note: These are not “grades” on anyone’s work, these are judgments of how well we could convince a panel of

experts of basic feasibility in an area right now.

Targetfab labs

Cryogenic targetsupply systems

Differentialvacuum pumping

Sabotdeflector

Surrogatetargetchamber

In-chambertracking

Low powerhit on fly laser

Positiondetectors

Gun barrelLoadingchamber

• We have proposed a Target Fabrication and Injection Facility (TFIF)Top-level goal = Validate the science and technology of full-scale components of an IFE power plant in an integrated system

Key Features:

• Full cryogenic capabilities

• Interfaces and integration

• Repeatable and reliable

What should be done in Phase II?

Published: Tillack, Goodin, Alexander, Petzoldt, Raffray, Schroen, Sethian, Streit, “A Target

Fabrication and Injection Facility for Laser-IFE” 20th SOFE, October 14 - 17, 2003, San Diego http://aries.ucsd.edu/LIB/REPORT/CONF/SOFE03/Tillack.pdf

1. Demonstrate manufacturing and characterization steps with processes scaleable to mass production.

2. Demonstrate cryogenic layering and target handling.

3. Inject and track cryogenic targets.

4. In-chamber tracking to address turbulence, gas density, “wind”.

5. Target survival in the (simulated) chamber will be demonstrated.

6. Demonstrate integration of tracking and beam steering systems

Key SOW’s for the TFIF

Layering interfaced to injector

Microencapsulation w/prototypical equipment

Gas-gun or EM injector

Plus - DT materials property data and other selected studies would take place, as well as plant layouts and costing models updated with new R&D data

Targetfab labs

Cryogenic targetsupply systems

Differentialvacuum pumping

Sabotdeflector

Surrogatetargetchamber

In-chambertracking

Low powerhit on fly laser

Positiondetectors

Gun barrelLoadingchamber

• Phase I is intended to:

- establish a “credible pathway” for every step of the target supply process- “High Level Review Panel”- perform key experiments, measurements of materials property data, and

selected demonstrations

• Phase II will:

- integrates subsystems (fabrication, injection, tracking, chamber, final optic)- validate full-scale prototypical components- provides a demonstration of target supply in burst mode- provide the data necessary to support the next step - to an ETF

Summary

Proposed TFIF for Phase II is

extension of current injection and

tracking facility