Nineth Issue January 2017

STUDENT CHAPTERICI

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SONACOLLEGE OFTECHNOLOGY

CONGRATULATIONS

FACULTY

STUDENTS

Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life-Confucius

such a way that the faculty members

enjoyed it at the same time learnt many

things as how to overcome certain

situations in life. The afternoon session

was handled by Dr. R. Malathy, HOD /

Civil, SCT, on topic “Setting

benchmark for the department and

working towards achieving the

objectives”. The session was a

brainstorming session as how to

improve the quality of students and also

to achieve the objectives.

The resource person for Day three

was Dr. L. S. Jayagopal, Managing

Director, Mithran Constructions,

Coimbatore on topic “Effective

Question Paper Setting”. He discussed

in detail about Bloom's Taxonomy and

also the methods that can be employed

to set the questions such that it would

kindle the application knowledge of the

students. In the afternoon the faculty

members of Civil department gave

presentations on different topics and

the faculty development programme

came to an end by 7.00 pm on that day.

We thank the Management, Director

– Academics, Director – Industry

Connect, Principal and Head of the

Department for granting permission to

organize the programme in a successful

manner and providing us with the

necessary fund and support.

Mr. K. Parivallal, CEO, DMW CNC Training Division

of DMW Group of Companies, Perundurai

interacting with faculty

Faculty presenting on different topics

Dr.R.Malathy, Prof and Hod, Dean R&D, is awarded for her continous innovative research on Various end uses of waste

EOF slag by JSW Steel Ltd-Salem Works

C.Ganapathy, Assistant Professor, Department of civil engineering for completing NPTEL Online Certification course with Elite certification for earth science for civil

engineering, conducted by IIT Kanpur

The third year students of civil engineering department have successfully completed their internship training program conducted in the JSS academy of technical

education Bangalore by the experts hub. The students performed excellently in the allocated project and they bagged the overall trophy among the various colleges

from India.

Civil Engineering students of II and III year of Sona College of Technology has participated in National level technical symposium and won prizes in various events

thconducted by Mahindra group of Institution on 19 August, 2016. The students have also clinched the

overall championship trophy.

A three days Faculty development

programme was organized in

department of civil engineering for

both teaching and non-teaching faculty

members from 14.11.16 to 16.11.16,

under the guidance of Dr.R.Malathy,

HOD/Civil by Prof. S. Priscil Nidhu

and Prof. S. Kalaiselvi on the topic

“ S t r e s s M a n a g e m e n t , T i m e

Management & Life Skills”. Altogether

35 faculty both teaching and non-

teaching attended the programme.

The resource person for Day one was

Dr. A. Ranganathan, Research

Associate, Irrigation Managemeent

and Training Institute, PWD Trichy.

The forenoon session lecture was on the

topic “Stress Management” and the

afternoon session was on “Time

Management”. The session was very

interesting as it was taken in a play

method by conducting few games for

faculty members. The resource gave

suggestions how to work stress free and

also to manage time.

The resource person for Day two was

Mr. K. Parivallal, CEO, DMW CNC

Training Division of DMW Group of

Companies, Perundurai. The forenoon

session lecture was on topic “Life

Skills”. The session was awesome and

mind blowing by the way he had

lectured. The lecture delivery was in

FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

SONA CREALearning is a Celebration!

CONTENTSLight Gauge Steel Structures 2An Experimental Study on Light Weight Fly Ash Bricks 2

Spider Glazing 4Bubble Deck Slab 5World's Tallest Bridge-Millau Viaduct 5Structural Health Monitoring 7Civil Engineering Association Inauguration 8Report on Technical Lecture on “High Strength Concrete” 8Guest Lecture on Career Guidance 8Technical Lecture on “Design of Structures for Lateral Loads-Wind” 9Poster Presentation “Innovations in Civil Engineering” 9Workshop on Sesmic Design of Buildings 9Engineer's Day And Rapport'2016 10Workshop on Geotechnical Engineering and its Applications 10KKM Soft - Revit Software Training 10Report on Workshop on Concrete Mix Proportioning 10Core 2016-Intra Department Technical Symposium 11Workshop on “Structural Design Concepts of Precast Building 11Faculty Development Programme 12

Analysis of Solid Waste Disposal Strategy ofJagir Ammapalyam 3

Convenor : Dr. R. Malathy, Ph.D, Dean(R&D), HoD/Civil

Co-ordinator: Prof. M. Arivoli

President: V. Ponnmani

Secretary: P. Suganya

Joint Secretary: N. Dharani

Treasurer: G. V. Sai Subramanian

Office Bearers (Final year)

K. Akshaya | B.S. Dheeba

S. Kavipriyaa | S. Gayathri

R. Priyadharshini | S. Shruthi

S. Sowmiya | N. Sowndarya

M. Sharmila | K. Suvedha|

B.Sivasankari

Office Bearers (Third year)

K. Dhamini | M.Prema

N.Poovitha | N.Nandhini Priya

S.Vigneshwari | N.Rama Krishnan

T.Sivanesh Kumar | A.Syed Rishwana

SONA CREA | January 201712

HOD'S MESSAGE

thI am happy that SONACREA is releasing 8 issue. I appreciate Prof.M.Arivoli and her team for their continuous effort in bringing out this newsletter and this time exclusively with inputs on construction companies. It is interesting on seeing the articles by faculty and students on latest trends and the department of civil engineering seems to be pro-active in organizing many programs.

I wish the newsletter should carry many more useful information and faculty and students should make use of these opportunities to express their views and to update their knowledge.

Dr. R. MALATHYHoD / Civil

Convenor/ICI Student Chapter

ICI STUDENTS CHAPTER COORDINATOR MESSAGE

thIt's my pleasure to release the 8 issue of the news letter “SONA CREA”. This issue carries out the vibrant faculty and student articles and reviews the events organized in the Civil Engineering Department from December2015 to April 2016.Workshop on “Pre Employment Training” and “PRECON” were the notable events organized under ICI Chapter.

This issue is special by the way of carrying news about placement training, continuing education program of the department and a list of construction companies in India for the student exposure.

For the upcoming semester, many events will be conducted for the students to exhibit their talents. Students should make use of these events and enrich their profile.

M. ARIVOLIAP/ CIVIL

ICI Students Chapter Coordinator

ICI STUDENTS CHAPTER PRESIDENT MESSAGE

I feel privileged to be a part of ICI students chapter and to add my note nd rdon the events conducted for the 2 year and 3 year students of civil

engineering department on behalf of ICI students chapter.

“Success comes to those who work hard and stays with those who don't rest on the laurels of the past”

Each issue of this newsletter is a proud milestone of our events that marks our growth, unleashes our imaginations and measures our professionality. A committed team and enthusiastic students of the department have made this academic year 2015-2016 full of professional events. I hope that the list of events and success doubles in the next academic year.

V.PONNMANIFinal yr / Civil

ICI Students Chapter President

Dr.K.Jagadeesan distributing the certificates to the participants

Participants engaged in worksheets

Er.Shanmugasundaram explaining the methodology

of construction

SONA CREA | January 2017

Prof. S. Prabhakaran

Life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated-Confucius Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall-Confucius

LIGHT GAUGE STEEL STRUCTURES

Steel is widely used in

the construction of

multi-storey buildings.

H o w e v e r , s t e e l

construction is seldom

used and is traditionally

considered uneconomical for landed

properties. In many parts of the world,

timber or structural brickwork is

preferred whereas in Singapore,

reinforced concrete construction is

usually preferred for landed properties.

Over the years, various improved

systems have been developed for use in

landed properties. An economical light

gauge s tee l f rame sys tem i s

increasingly being used in America,

Europe, Australia and New Zealand.

This light gauge steel frame is

developed through a cold-formed

process without the use of heat. This

process enables steel manufacturers to

produce light-weight but high tensile

steel sheets. The sheet surface is coated

with a zinc alloy that completely covers

the steel surface and seals it from the

corrosive action of its environment.

This results in buildings that are more

solid, rigid, stronger, durable and easier

to build. As such, the light gauge steel

frame system is an attractive alternative

for use in landed properties. This is

particularly in view of concerns on the

depletion of timber resources and low

productivi t ies associated with

reinforced concrete construction.

Light gauge steel sections are cold-

formed to shape using cold rolling

machines or press brakes. They are

usually light in weight and cost

e f f e c t i v e . L i g h t g a u g e s t e e l

construction is very similar to wood

framed construction in principle - the

wooden framing members are replaced

with thin steel sections. The steel

sections used here are called cold

formed sections, meaning that the

sections are formed, or given shape at

room temperature. This is in contrast to

thicker hot rolled sections that are

shaped while the steel is molten hot.

Cold formed steel is shaped by guiding

thin sheets of steel through a series of

rollers, each roller changing the shape

very slightly, with the net result of

converting a flat sheet of steel into a C

or S-shaped section.

The steel used here is coated with

zinc called galvanized or a mixture of

zinc and aluminium called zincalume

or galvalumeto protect it from

corrosion. The thickness of this coating

can be varied to suit a range of

environments. Typically, marine

environments require the most

protection, and dry, arid regions the

least.The thicknesses of steel used here

range from about 1 to 3mm for

structural sections, and 1 to 2mm for

non-structural sections. The members

are sized to roughly correspond to

wood members: 2"x4" and 2"x6" are

common sizes.Like in wooden framed

construction, a frame of steel members

is first constructed, and then clad with

dry sheeting on both sides to form a

load bearing wall. Construction with

steel follows the platform frame system

of house building. Connections

between members are made with self-

tappingor self-drilling screws.

Contractors will usually order pre-

punched sections - sections with

factory-made holes in them - so that

wires and plumbing can be easily

passed through the walls. The gaps

between members are filled with

insulation.This form of construction

can also be used for non-structural

framing, such as interior partitions or

external cladding. In fact, this form of

construction was originally developed

for interior partitions in offices.

Light gauge steel construction is a

one of the practical alternative to

conventional construction mainly due

to higher strength, ductility, and light

weight.Conventional construction

trends all over the world are changing.

Trends are changing due to fluctuation

in prices, limited availability of

construction materials. Moreover,

pressure from environmentalists has

compelled designers, developers and

engineers to consider environmentally

friendly construction materials for all

type of constructions.

Prof P. Ashok Kumar

S. Kavi PriyaaFinal Year

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON LIGHT WEIGHT FLY ASH BRICKS

ANALYSIS OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL STRATEGY OF JAGIR AMMAPALYAM

Bricks are a widely

used construction and

b u i l d i n g m a t e r i a l

a round the wor ld .

Conventional bricks are

produced from clay with

high temperature kiln firing or from

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC)

concrete, and thus contain high

embodied energy and have large carbon

footprint. This paper presents a state-

of-the-art review of research on

utilization of waste materials to

produce bricks. At present, the

technology is well established in

converting thermal power plant waste

(Fly ash bricks) into quality bricks.

Sawdust or wood dust is a by-

product of cutting, grinding, drilling,

sanding, or otherwise pulverizing wood

or any other material with asaw or other

tool; it is composed of fine particles of

wood. Wood dust becomes a potential

health problem when, for example, the

wood particles, from processes such as

sanding, become airborne and are

inhaled. Wood dust is a known human

carcinogen. Certain woods and their

dust contain toxins that can produce

severe allergic reactions. This project

seeks for ways of utilizing sawdust in

construction activities so as to

min imize d i sposa l p rob lems ,

environmental pollution and also

enhance economy.

Marble is industrially processed

by being cut, polished, and used for

decorative purposes, and thus,

economically valuable. During the

cutting process, 20-30% of a marble

block becomes waste marble powder.

Marble waste leads to a serious

environmental problem as well. Marble

dust is settled by sedimentation and

then dumped away which results in

environmental pollution. Therefore,

utilization of the marble dust in various

industrial sectors especially the

construction industries would help to

protect the environment.

This work presents the laboratory

results for partial replacement of saw

dust in M-Sand and flyash as well as

marble powder in M-Sand for flyash

brick production. Flyash bricks were

casted using 0%, 5%, 10% and 20% of

replacement levels. The compressive

strength test results for replacement of

saw dust in M-Sand and flyash are

found to be maximum between 0-5%

and decreases af ter 5%. The

compressive strength test results for

replacement of marble powder in M-

Sand are found to be maximum

between 10-20% and decreases after

20% replacement. Thus the result

reveals that we can replace M-Sand

upto 10% by marble powder to obtain

desirable strength of flyash bricks. As

sawdust quantity increases, water

absorption increases. The weight

density of sawdust replaced bricks is

reduced greatly with increase in

percentage of sawdust. The weight

density of marble powder replaced

bricks is also found to decrease

considerably when percentage of

marble powder increases.Since the

partial replacement of marble powder

in M-Sand shows positive results,

further reduction in density may be

obtained by making fly ash bricks with

partial replacement of M-Sand with

Marble powder and Fly ash with

Sawdust. Thus the strength criteria can

also be met.

2 SONA CREA | January 20173

About Salem

Salem, one of the

municipal corporations,

is the fifth largest city in

Tamil Nadu in terms of

population. The area of

the Salem is 134 Sq.km. According to

census 2011, the population of Salem

Corporation is around 8 lakhs. With

such a vast land area population, it is

becoming tougher to provide basic

facilities in hygienic manner to people

and also Environmental issues in Salem

Corporation are getting increased day

by day. Waste is any material/liquid that

is thrown away as unwanted.

About 350 tonnes of wastes

generated by Salem City Municipal

Corporation every day is being

processed and converted into reusable

materials. The processes involved

waste management are Tipping, Auto

Segregation, Separate processing of

materials (Refused derived fuel,

Remoulded plastics, Bio-composting),

sanitary land filling.

Existing Solid Waste management

in Salem serves as an example for steer

Solid Waste management system in

technical manner. Moreover in all the

Solid Waste Management systems

collection and transport activities

constitute approximately 80-95% of

the total cost.

The concept of solid waste

management should originate truly

right from the point of waste

generation. To encounter the waste

generation and disposal strategy we

went on to a manual survey to different

places with the questionnaire.

Surveillance of six different waste

disposal strategies was analyzed in all

the 15 different places.

The prevalently existing strategies

were

a. Effective Corporation collection

b. Ineffective Corporation collection

c. Composting

d. Backyard burning

e. Dumping

f. Throwing & Recycling.

Some people dumping the waste

foods in a container with water and

allow it for animals

The disposal

method in which corporation vehicle

come and collect waste at regular

period of time either daily or two days

once. It minimizes pollution and

reduces impacts on environment.

A common bin is

kept for a single street at the edge of the

street. If there is delay in removing

waste the wastes are thrown outside the

bin. Hence this disposal causes impact

to people due to foul odors, mosquitoes,

flies, etc.

Composting is a form of

waste disposal where organic waste

decomposes naturally under oxygen-

rich conditions. Although all waste will

eventually decompose, only certain

w a s t e i t e m s a r e c o n s i d e r e d

compostable and should be added to

compost containers. Food waste, such

as banana peels, coffee grinds and

eggshells, are great items to compost.

In addition to food waste, yard waste,

such as grass clippings and leaves, can

Type of waste disposal strategy

Corporation collection:

Community bin:

Composting:

Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous-Confucius Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from an indomitable will- Mahatma Gandhi

SONA CREA | January 20174 SONA CREA | January 20175

also be added to compost containers.

These items will help increase

decomposition and help reduce odor as

materials break down.

As with household food waste,

there are also some types of yard waste

that should be avoided. Perennial

weeds, which are plants that come back

year after year, should not be added to

compost because they will grow back

and spread. After several months,

when all the organic material is broken

down, the final product is created and is

often referred to as humus.

Figure 1 Composting

Figure 3 Damping

Figure 2 Backyard burning

Backyard burning: Backyard

burningis a waste treatment process

that involves the combustion of organic

substances contained in waste

materials in their own house. Backyard

burning and other high temperature

waste treatment systems are described

as "thermal treatment". Burning of

waste materials converts the waste into

ash, flue gas, and heat. The ash is

mostly formed by the inorganic

constituents of the waste, and may take

the form of solid lumps or particulates

carried by the flue gas.

Backyard burning principally

releases dioxins, inhalation of which

results in alternation of human

hormonal levels, which can easily

cause diabetes, polycystic ovarian

syndrome, hypothyroidism, etc,

Dumping: Dumping involves

disposing wastes in commonplace in

street or a single house. This causes

impacts on human health.

Throwing:

Recycling:

Waste Disposal Strategy:

The disposal of waste by

simply throwing near the compound

wall or at the edge of house. This may

also cause breeding of mosquitoes,

rodents which cause disease to human.

It is a process to change

waste material into new products to

prevent waste of potentially useful

material, to reduce the consumption of

fresh raw materials, reduce energy

usage, reduce air pollution(from

incineration) and water pollution(from

land filling) by reducing the need for

conventional waste disposal and lower

green house gas emission as compared

to plastic production.

Through the

manual survey conducted for 50 houses

in Jagir ammapalayam, the percentage

of various disposal strategies was

presented in the table

Conclusion

We could like to conclude that

the practice of open dumping and

backyard burning of municipal solid

waste should be completely stopped

in the study area as it slowly

damaging the environment. The

leachates formed slowly percolate

in the soil and ground water table

and may ultimately pollute the soil

and ground water. Contamination in

Ground water Quality not only

makes it unfit for drinking but also

causes many diseases. The disease

causes complete damage of bones

and teeth. Thus the need of the hour

is to save water from being polluted

by moving away the municipal solid

waste dumpsite from the area and

develop a properly managed landfill

site.

If these techniques integrated to the

whole Salem district, then the future

d e v e l o p m e n t o f S a l e m a s a

metropolitan city will cause very minor

effect to the environment and tends to

be a safest development unlike other

metropolitans.

A. SyedrishavanIII - Year

SPIDER GLAZING

Introduction

The bolted structural

s y s t e m i s t h e l e s s

obtrusive, alternative to

structural glazing, which

holds the glass by means of visible

metal parts called spider fin and covers

a small part of the glass surface.Any

loading applied to the glass façade is

transferred to the fin and then to the top

and bottom fin shoes. The fins must be

adhered to the façade glass with

silicone sealant to cope with positive

and negative loads.In spider glazing

system the frame is not required. It

provides 99 % of visibility.

?Glass

?Spider Fine

?Rotule

?Sealant

?Steel Pipe

?It provides 99%

visibility.

?Good aesthetic appearance.

?For all shape of glazing system

(circular, triangular, etc.,)we can

adopt this method of glazing.

?The materials used in this system

are corrosion free.

?No need of artificial lightings

?For vehicles showroom most of

architects are preferring this type

of glazing.

?The load can be easily distributed

to foundation by means of pipes

as well as columns.

?Sealant between glasses provide

air and water tight nature.

?Cost is high

?Skilled labors are required.

Components of spider glazing system

Advantages of spider

glazing system

Disadvantages of spider glazing system

Rotule

Sealant

Stress diagram of bubble deck slab

It is flexible layout easily adapts to

i r r e g u l a r a n d c u r v e d p l a n

configuration. It is used for longer span,

more rapid and less expensive erection

as well as eliminating of down stand

beams.

“It reduces the total project cost by3%”

The application of bubble deck slab

floor system in the nertherland is

manifested as the world wide first

application. It is used for storey floors

slabs, roof floors slabs and ground floor

slabs.

V. KeerthanaIII - Year

BUBBLE DECK SLAB

Bubble deck slab is a

biaxial hollow core slab

i n v e n t e d i n

“DENMARK”`. It is

method of eliminating

all concrete from the

middle layer of floor slab not preferring any structural function.

Thereby it reduces the “Dead load”.

Bubble deck slab is based on a new

patented technique Which involves the

direct way of linking air and steel. voids

forms in the middle of a flat slab by

means of plastic spheres eliminate 35%

of a slabs self weight.

It has high density polyethylene

hollow spheres replace the in effective

concrete in the center of the slab and

increase the efficiency of the floor. By

introducing the gaps leads to a 30 to 50

% lighter slab which reduces the loads

on the column, walls and foundation of

the entire building.

?The reinforcement structure with

spherical shapes and possibly a thin

concrete shell as precast slab floor

are supplied to the construction site

in the factory made units with

maximum width of 3m.

?They are installed on site and are

assembled by installing connecting

rods and by pouring concrete.

?After concrete the floor is ready to

use

Procedure

Advantage

?Less energy consumption both in

production and transport.

?Carrying out less emission- exhaust gases from production and transport especially co2.

“This type of structure can useful to reduce the Earthquake damage”

WORLD'S TALLEST BRIDGE-MILLAUVIADUCT

N. RamakrishnanIII - Year

The Millau Viaduct is

a cable-stayed bridge that

spans the valley of the

River Tarn near Millau in

southern France. It is the

tallest bridge in the world

with one mast's summit at

343.0 metres (1,125 ft) above the base

of the structure. Designed by the British

architect Norman Foster and French

structural engineer Michel Virlogeux, it

is the 21st highest bridge deck in the

world, being 270 metres (890 ft)

between the road deck and the ground

below. The Millau Viaduct is part of the

In prayer it is better to have a heart without words than words without a heart- Mahatma Gandhi The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.-Mahatma Gandhi

condition screening and aims to

provide reliable information regarding

the integrity of the structure.

SHM System's elements include:

?Structure

?Sensors

?Data acquisition systems

?Data t rans fe r and s to rage

mechanism

?Data management

?Data interpretation and diagnosis:

1. System Identification

2. Structural model update

3. Structural condition assessment

4. Prediction of remaining service

life

An example of this technology is

embedding sensors in structures like

bridges and aircraft. These sensors

provide real time monitoring of various

structural changes like stress and

strain. In the case of civil engineering

structures, the data provided by the

sensors is usually transmitted to a

remote data acquisition centers. With

the aid of modern technology, real time

control of structures based on the

information of sensors is possible.

Health monitoring of large bridges

shall be performed by simultaneous

measurement of loads on the bridge

and effects of these loads. It typically

includes monitoring of:

?Wind and weather

?Traffic

?Prestressing and stay cables

?Deck

?Pylons

Provided with this knowledge, the

engineer can:

?Estimate the loads and their effects

?Estimate the state of fatigue or other

limit state

?Forecast the probable evolution of

the bridge's health

Components

STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING

T. SusmithaIII - year

T h e p r o c e s s o f

implementing a damage

d e t e c t i o n a n d

characterization strategy

f o r e n g i n e e r i n g

structures is referred to

as structural health monitoring

(SHM). Here damage is defined as

changes to the material and geometric

properties of a structural system,

including changes to the boundary

conditions and system connectivity,

w h i c h a f f e c t s t h e s y s t e m ' s

performance. The SHM process

involves the observation of a system

over time using periodically sampled

dynamic response measurements from

an array of sensors, the extraction of

damage-sensitive features from these

measurements, and the statistical

analysis of these features to determine

the current state of system health. For

long term SHM, the output of this

process is periodically updated

information regarding the ability of the

structure to perform its intended

function in spite of the inevitable aging

and degradation resulting from

operational environments. After

extreme events, such as earthquakes or

blast loading, SHM is used for rapid

SONA CREA | January 20176 SONA CREA | January 20177

auto route axis from Paris to Béziers

and Montpell ier. The cost of

construction was approximately €400

million. It was formally inaugurated on

14 December 2004, and opened to

traffic on 16 December. The bridge has

been consistently ranked as one of the

great engineering achievements of all

t i m e a n d r e c e i v e d t h e 2 0 0 6

International Association for Bridge

a n d S t r u c t u r a l E n g i n e e r i n g

Outstanding Structure Award.

Two weeks after the laying of the

first stone on 14 December 2001, the

workers started to dig the deep shafts.

There were 4 per pylon; 15 m (49 ft)

deep and 5 m (16 ft) in diameter,

assuring the stability of the pylons. At

the bottom of each pylon, a tread of 3–5

m (10–16 ft) in thickness was installed

to reinforce the effect of the deep shafts. 3The 2,000 m (2,600 cu yd) of concrete

necessary for the treads was poured at

the same time.

In March 2002, the pylons emerged

from the ground. The speed of

construction then rapidly increased.

Every three days, each pylon increased

in height by 4 m (13 ft). This

performance was mainly due to sliding

shuttering. Thanks to a system of shoe

anchorages and fixed rails in the heart

of the pylons, a new layer of concrete

could be poured every 20 minutes.

The bridge deck was constructed on

land at the ends of the viaduct and

rolled lengthwise from one pylon to the

next, with eight temporary towers

providing additional support. The

movement was accomplished by a

computer-controlled system of pairs of

wedges under the deck; the upper and

lower wedges of each pair pointing in

opposite directions. These were

Construction

hydraulically operated, and moved

repeatedly in the following sequence:

The lower wedge slides under the upper

wedge, raising it to the roadway above

and then forcing the upper wedge still

higher to lift the roadway. Both wedges

move forward together, advancing the

roadway a short distance. The lower

wedge retracts from under the upper

wedge, lowering the roadway and

allowing the upper wedge to drop away

from the roadway; the lower wedge

then moves back all the way to its

starting position. There is now a linear

distance between the two wedges equal

to the distance forward the roadway has

just moved. The upper wedge moves

backward, placing it further back along

the roadway, adjacent to the front tip of

the lower wedge and ready to repeat the

cycle and advance the roadway by

another increment. It worked at 600

mm per cycle which was roughly four

minutes long.The mast pieces were

driven over the new deck lying down

horizontally. The pieces were joined to

form the one complete mast, still lying

horizontally. The mast was then tilted

upwards, as one piece, at one time in a

tricky operation. In this way each mast

was erected on top of the corresponding

pylon. The stays connecting the masts

and the deck were then installed, and

the bridge was tensioned overall and

weight tested. After this, the temporary

pylons could be removed.

The bridge's construction broke

several records:

The highest pylons in the world:

pylons P2 and P3, 244.96 metres

(803 ft 8 in) and 221.05 metres

(725 ft 3 in) in height respectively,

broke the French record previously

held by the Kochertal Viaduct

Construction records

?

(Germany), which is 181 metres

(594 ft) at its highest;

The highest bridge tower in the

world: the mast atop pylon P2 peaks

at 343 metres (1,125 ft).

The highest road bridge deck in

Europe, 270 m (890 ft) above the

Tarn River at its highest point. It is

nearly twice as tall as the previous

tallest vehicular bridges in Europe,

the Europabrücke in Austria and the

Italia Viaduct in Italy. It is slightly

higher than the New River Gorge

Bridge in West Virginia in the

United States, which is 267 m (876

ft) above the New River.Since

opening in 2004, the deck height of

Millau has been surpassed by

several suspension bridges in

China, including Sidu River

Bridge, Baling River Bridge and

two spans (Beipan River Guanxing

Highway Bridge and Beipan River

Hukun Expressway Bridge) over

the Beipan River. In 2012, Mexico's

Baluarte Bridge surpassed Millau

as the world's highest cable-stayed

b r i d g e . T h e R o y a l G o rg e

suspension bridge in the U.S. state

of Colorado is also higher, with a

bridge deck approximately 291

metres (955 ft) over the Arkansas

River.

2,460 m (8,071 ft): total length of

the roadway

7: number of piers

77 m (253 ft): height of Pier 7, the

shortest

343 m (1,125 ft): height of Pier 2,

the tallest (245 m or 804 ft at the

roadway's level)

87 m (285 ft): height of a mast

154: number of shrouds

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

Statistics

?

?

?

?

?

?

270 m (886 ft): average height of the

roadway

4.20 m (13 ft 9 in): thickness of the

roadway

32.05 m (105 ft 2 in): width of the

roadway385,000 m (111,000 cu yd): total

volume of concrete used

290,000 tonnes (320,000 short

tons): total weight of the bridge

10,000–25,000 vehicles: estimated

daily traffic

€7.80–9.80: typical automobile toll

(price increasing in summer), as of

August 2016

?

Working Process

?The sensors are arranged in an array format such that it covers the entire building.

?If crack or any other damage or environmental changes occur these sensors senses them in the wave formats and alerts are provided in the form of alarm systems.

?T h e s e c o l l e c t e d d a t a a r e consolidated together and delivers the structural condition.

?The structural condition includes initiation of damage, location of damage and severity of damage.

?Based on these, the performance level of the building is estimated and compared with its design life.

?If the life of the building is seemed to be lesser than the design life then remedial measures like repairs or replace are carried out.

Some of the bridges where the structural health monitoring have been installed is listed below

?The Rio–Antirrio bridge in Greece

?The Huey P Long bridge in USA

?The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia

?The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Turkey

?The Millau Viaduc in France

The deve lopment of SHM technology has many elements that make it a potential 'grand challenge' for the engineering community. First, almost every industry wants to detect damage in its structural and mechanical infrastructure at the earliest possible time. Industries' desire to perform such monitoring is based on the tremendous economic and life-safety benefits that this technology has the potential to offer.

The water in a vessel is sparkling; the water in the sea is dark. The small truth has words which are clear; the great truth has great silence-Rabindranath Tagore Let us not pray to be sheltered from dangers but to be fearless when facing them - Rabindranath Tagore

SONA CREA | January 20178 SONA CREA | January 20179

Mr.C.S.Dharanidharan,CS & Associates Pvt. Ltd address the gathering

CIVIL ENGINEERING ASSOCIATION INAUGURATION

ACE, Association of Civil

Engineering of Sona College of thTechnology was inaugurated on 29

July, 2016 at SONA PG Auditorium.

The students and faculty members of

civil engineering department were

celebrated the association inaugural.

W e i n v i t e d t h e C .

SIVAGNANASELVAM, Founder,

CEO& Managing Director, CS And

Associates (P) Ltd (CS Group of

companies) Salem who gave a special

address to gatherings. The presidential

address was given by Dr.M.USHA,

Principal, SCT. The welcome address

by Dr.R.Malathy, HoD of civil

Engineering department, SCT. The

chairman and office bearers of ACE

was introduced by Mr.K.PRAKASH,

Asst prof and Mrs.N.Savitha, Asst prof,

Dept of civil .the yearly activity plan

was given by Mr.M.Hariprasath,

Student chairman –ACE. The vote of

thanks was given by Mr.R.Santhosh

Kumar, Office bearer, ACE.

Dr.M.Usha, Principal, Dr.R.Malathy, HoD/Civil, Mr.C.S.Dharanidharan,CS & Associates Pvt. Ltd with staff Co-ordinators and student office bears of ACE

REPORT ON TECHNICAL LECTURE ON “HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE”

A technical guest lecture was

organized by ICI Salem centre and

Department of Civil Engineering, Sona thCollege of Technology on 4 August

2016. Dr.R.Malathy, Chairman-

salemcentre welcomed the chief guest

a n d g a t h e r i n g . M r C S

Dharanidharan B .Tech(NIT-

Bhopal), Head/Director - Business

Development and Foreign Relations,

CS & Associates (P) Ltd gave a brie

lecture on “ high strength concrete”. He

elaborately discussed about the

application and need of the high

strength concrete in 'Quickway' and

also enumerated how Quickway will be

a better solution for traffic congestion

problems. After the lecture, the

audience discussed their queries with

the resource person. More than 40

members of Salem centre and students

chapter made use of this technical

lecture. Er.N.Sanjay Kumar, Technical

Services Manager, Ultratech Cement

Ltd., co-ordinated the program.

Dr. R.Malathy,Chairman, Salem Centre, Mr CS Dharanidharan, CS & Associates (P) Ltd, Er.N.Sanjay

Kumar, Secretary, Salem Centre at the inauguration of technical lecture

Participants of the program

GUEST LECTURE ON CAREER GUIDANCE

A guest lecture was conducted to our final year civil engineering and post graduate structural engineering students exclusively on the career options for them to practice after their graduation well it is industry placements or the higher education options in abroad also especially in

thSingapore on 11 August 2016 in the ECE conference hall.

The resource person was

Er.S.Manoj Kumar, Senior Civil and structural Engineer, Meinhardt S t ruc tu re P r iva t e L imi t ed , Singapore. Notably the resource person is the alumni of our college and passed out in 2007.

He started with scope of a civil engineer and structural engineer in the field of buildings, Oil and Gas and Infrastructure and further subdivided the sector at minute level. He classified the role of civil and structural consultant to a structural engineer, geotechnical engineer and transport engineer as required executing a project. A Project as a whole will have two teams as on contractor side and consultant side. The consultant team will have a Project manager, architect, Drafter, Mechanical and Electrical (M&E) and civil and s t r u c t u r a l c o n s u l t a n t . T h e contractor side will have Project manager, planning engineer, architectural coordinator, and civil and structural co-coordinator to execute the drawings and get approva l s . He spec i f i ca l ly emphasized the role of a Resident Engineer and the scope of it. He finally ended hid session on how to get an interview card from a company is through seniors, friends, alumni developing contacts and finally should be very strong in concepts and softwares. He also the listed the softwares used on the consultant part on structural, architectural and drafting.

Er.S.Manoj Kumar, Senior Civil and structural Engineer, Meinhardt Structure Private Limited, Singapore,

interacting with students

Dr.R.Malathy,HoD/Civil honoring Er.S.Manoj Kumar

TECHNICAL LECTURE ON “DESIGN OF STRUCTURES FOR LATERAL LOADS-WIND”

On behalf of ICI Salem centre and

Department of cicivil Engineering,

Sona College of Technology, a

technical lecture on “Design Of

Structures For Lateral Loads-Wind” is

conducted on 17th August 2016. Dr.

R.Malathy, HoD, Department of Civil

engineer ing, inaguara ted and

welcomed the gathering. Dr. L. S.

Jayagopal, M.Tech.,Ph.D.,FIV.,

Managing Director, Mithran Structures

Private Ltd. – Coimbatore, gave brief

lecture about wind load consideration

according to IS 875:2015 (Part3). He

narrated detaily about design of

structures for wind load withcase

studies.He also discussed about simple

wind load calaculations for various

types of structures. ICI memebers and

,faculty and students from various

instistution made use of this lecture. At

the end Dr.L.S.Jayagopal was honored

by Dr. R.Malathy.

Dr.L.S.Jayagopal delivering the lecture about wind loads

Dr. R.Malathy honoring Dr.L.S.Jayagopal

POSTER PRESENTATION “INNOVATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

T h e d e p a r t m e n t o f C i v i l

engineering in association with ICI and

IEI students chapter, conducted Poster

Presentation on 26.08.2016. The event

was inaugurated by Dr.U.Usha,

Principal, Sona College of Technology,

in august presence of Dr.R.Malathy,

HoD, Civil and Prof. M. Adhiyaman,

Co-ordinator. The students of second

year, third year and final year, formed

group among them under their faculty

advisors. Around 122 posters were

presented in the competition. The

expertise judges scrutinized the posters

and selected best three posters from

each year respectively. The posters

covered various themes in the civil

engineering stream. The event was

sponsored by Ultratech Cement ltd.

The students expressed their gratitude

to the department and management for

bringing out their hidden talents.

Students explaining about their posters

to Dr.M.Usha, Principal, Dr.R.Malathy, HoD,Civil and

Co-ordinator Prof.M.Adhiyaman

WORKSHOP ONSESMIC DESIGN OF BUILDINGS

A workshop on “SESMIC DESIGN OF BUILDINGS” was organized by Department of Civil engineering in association with Civil Simplified, Bangalore, on 07.09.2016 and 08.09.2016.the workshop is inaugurated by Dr.A.Murugesan and Dr.J.Sridhar.

On the day one, the session started by explaining to stay up to date on the latest building practices in designing for earthquakes. Seismic Design or Earthquake-resistant construction refers to designing structures which can withstand Earthquakes. The Seismic Design of Buildings workshop primarily aims at familiarizing the participants with design of buildings and structures subject to seismic loading. Students will gain knowledge about the characteristics of seismic forces and the types of structural responses when subjected to these forces.

On the second day, a hands on session is conducted to expertise the design philosophies in earthquake engineering, making use of experimental results, computer simulations and observations from past earthquakes to offer the required performance for the seismic threat at the site of interest. The major objective of the workshop is to practically train participants about the design and analysis software used in Civil E n g i n e e r i n g i n d u s t r y f o r developing earthquake resistant structures using earthquake simulation techniques.

The s tudents are highly benefited as the program is designed to take the participants through the technical concepts involved in Earthquake Engineering and the participants would practically work on analyzing and designing a seismic resistant building using industry grade software. In future Students will implement the knowledge gained to develop good B.E/M.E Project. Dr.R.Malathy, HoD/Civil encouraged the faculty and participants to conduct and participate more platforms like this workshop.

You will not be punished for your anger, you will be punished by your anger- Buddha Three things cannot be long hidden: the sun, the moon, and the truth- Buddha

Students performing on RIVET software

REPORT ON WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE MIX PROPORTIONING

On behalf of department of Civil

Engineering and ICI students chapter,

Sona College of Technology, Salem,

one day workshop on concrete mix

Prof.K.Prakash explaining practical demo on soil testing

Plaxis software demo

KKM SOFT - REVIT SOFTWARE TRAINING

Software training programme on

REVIT was conducted on 20.9.16 by

KKM soft for one day in department of

civil engineering. KKM soft had signed

a MOU with civil department this year

to provide software knowledge to meet

the current company demands. The

training on REVIT software was based

on 1 week programme and in this

semester one day training was

conducted on REVIT Software.

Trainer Mr. Senthil from KKM soft

conducted the training programme and

he explained briefly about the basics of

REVIT architecture and structural. In

the training, the tools used for starting a

drawing, elevation, views and

rendering were explained for the

students. It also includes a plan

preparation by students on their own

and marking the accessories required

for the building in plain view. Overall

the training helps the students to know

about RIVET.

SONA CREA | January 201710 SONA CREA | January 201711

ENGINEER'S DAY AND RAPPORT'2016

Participants developing the model using software

Students clarifying their doubts with resource person

Dr.R.Malathy and Dr.J.Sridhar honoring the

resource person

Dr.A.Murugesan and Dr.J.Sridhar at the inauguration with the resource person

t h5 , S e p t e m b e r 2 0 1 6 w a s

celebrated as Engineer's Day in the

fond remembrance of Civil Engineer

Shri Mokshakundam Visveswaraya.

This event was celebrated along with

the Rapport'2016- fresher's meet. Er K

Pandian, Deputy General Manager

Marketing, Salem steel Plant presided

over the event. He addressed the

students about the need of civil

Engineers in the present scenario. He

emphasized on the practical approach

rather than the theoretical approach. He

asked the students to visit the site

frequently so as to know the practices

followed at site. He quoted many

sayings and said these were the mantras

to be followed to become a successful

human and entrepreneurs. Punctuality

and perfection are the key factors for

the successful civil engineers. He

concluded his address by stating” Do

the work with utmost dedication, it will

definitely pay for you later”. Following

that the joint secretary of Civil

Engineering Association of Sona

College of Technology presented about

the fresher's meet. He welcomed all the

second year students and addressed

about the activities that would be

performed by the association. The

session was concluded by recognizing

the students by awarding for the events

conducted by the association.

Honouring the chief guest Er K Pandian by Dr K Jayaprakash

Chief guest addressing the gathering

WORKSHOP ON GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING AND ITS APPLICATIONS

O n e d a y W o r k s h o p o n

geotechnical engineer ing was

conducted on 09.09.16, by Civil

engineering department to provide

basic knowledge about the soil

parameters and its field application in

the construction. It mainly focuses on

layers of soil, type of foundation for

different soil conditions, field

application with current technology

and a half day site demo on safe bearing

capacity of soil. In the workshop

Prof.Ramasamy from EBET (Erode)

presented about the soil testing

methods on low bearing soil and need

of pile foundation in construction

industry.

Dr.M.Usha,Principal, Dr.R.Malathy,HoD/Civil, Er.P.Suryaprakash,

Prof.Ramasamy, Prof.K.Prakash and Prof.M.Sounderajan at the inauguration

Pro.Kaniraj from IIT Delhi presenting about

the soil layer formation

Pro.Kaniraj from IIT Delhi presented

about the soil layer formation in river

soil and design of pile foundation in

using software. Plaxis software demo

was given to students to understand the

software basics and its applications in

soil industry. In the afternoon session a

practical demo on soil testing (SBC of

soil) was done using bore drilling

machine conducted by Geo invest pvt

ltd. Overall the workshop provides an

overview of soil field application and

testing related to current engineering

problems.

proportioning as per IS:10262-2009, th

was conducted on 28 September,

2016. The workshop was sponsored by

Indian Concrete Institute and Ultratech

Cement Ltd. Around 60 students

participated in the workshop. The

workshop was inaugurated by

Dr.R.Mala thy, HoD/Civi l and

chairman-ICI, Salem Centre. The

eminent resource person was Mr. K.

Venkataraman, Regional Head –

Technical Services with UltraTech

Cement Limited and the Secretary &

Treasurer of ICI Chennai Centre. At

morning session he elaborately

discussed about how to arrive the

ingredients of concrete with respect to

requirements. At afternoon, in hands

on session, the students weighed the

arrived ingredients then added super

plasticizer to meet the required slump

and casted cubes for strength study. At

the end of the session students gave

their feedback and their expectation to

conduct more workshops relevant to

their curriculum.

Er.K.Venkatraman interacting with students

Er.K.Venkatraman and Er. Sanjaykumar at Hands on session

CORE 2016-INTRA DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL SYMPOSIUM

CORE 2016, an Intra department

technical symposium, was organized

by Association of Civil Engineering of thSona College of Technology on 30

September, 2016 at SONA PG

Auditorium in the presence of students

and faculty members of civil

engineering department. We invited the

Mr.S.K.Senthil Kumar, Managing

Director, Chola Builders who gave a

special address to gatherings. The

welcome address was given by

D r. R . M a l a t h y, H o D o f c i v i l

Engineering department, SCT. The

p r o g r a m w a s o r g a n i z e d b y

Mr.K.PRAKASH, Asst prof and

Mrs.N.Savitha, Asst prof, Dept of civil

Engineer ing .The chief guest

distributed the prizes to students who

were won and participated in the

different activities conducted under

CORE 2015. The vote of thanks was

given by Mr. G.Hari Prasad, Student

chairman –ACE.

Mr.S.K.Senthil Kumar delivering the special address

Releasing the news letter

SONACREA

Dr.R.Malathy and Mr.S.K.Senthil Kumar distributing the certificates

WORKSHOP ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONCEPTS OF PRECAST BUILDING

A One day workshop on “Structural

design concepts of precast building”

was organized by the post graduate

students of Civil department on

15.10.16 at Dr.A.P.J.Abdulkalam hall.

Er.DineshNagarajan, Structural

Engineer (SEG), TRC Pvt India Ltd,

Bangalore was the resource person. 71

p a r t i c i p a n t s a t t e n d e d t h i s

workshop.After invoking God's

blessing, the gathering was welcomed

by Dr.R.Malathy, Dean(R&D) &

HOD.Dr.M.Usha, Principal gave the

presidential address. Dr.V.Jayaprakash,

Director-Industry connect and

Dr.K.Jagadeesan, Dean(PG) felicitated

the gathering. The need of knowledge

about the precast construction was

reinforced to the gathering by all the

dignitaries. A brief introduction of the

w o r k s h o p w a s g i v e n b y

Prof.R.S.Surendar. The resource

person was introduced by Ms.Thulasi.

The workshop was started in traditional

manner wi th the l igh t ing o f

kuthuvilaku by the dignatories on the

dias.

Dr.V.Jayaprakash facilitating the gathering

Participants from other institutions

Er.Dinesh started the session with

the introduction about precasting,

prestressing, pretensioning, post

tensioning. The cross section and the

type of construction of various

structural elements like slab, beam,

column was very clearly explained

w i t h p h o t o g r a p h s t a k e n i n

field.Standard codes used for precast

construction and its importance was

discussed. The basic analysis and

design concepts to be carried out in

E T A B S a n d P R E S T O w a s

demonstrated. Various projects carried

out by TRC at Mumbai, Chennai,

Bangalore was discussed. The ongoing

Clock tower project by the team of TRC

was the highlight in his presentation.

The participants were given 20

basic questions related to precast

construction after his presentation and

the best two winners were rewarded. A

field visit was arranged for all

participants to a precast unit near

Senthil Public School, Salem. The

equipments used for making precast

elements and the methodology of

construction were explained by

Er.Shanmugasundaram. Feedback was

received from the participants and

certificate of participation was issued

to all. Everyone was thanked by

Prof.R.S.Gandhimathi.

Er.DineshNagarajan explaining to the participants