soren prestemon lawrence berkeley national laboratorycoilpack properties • use historical data...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Magnet requirements and limitations
Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
![Page 2: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Outline
• Vacuum cooling channel concept
• Magnet design requirements
• Assumptions for conceptual design
• First design layout: ➡ Magnetic performance and issues
➡ Mechanical performance and issues
• Summary
2
Special thanks to Holger Witte (BNL) and Frank Borgnolutti (LBNL)
who performed the analyses presented here
![Page 3: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Cooling channel magnets
3
“Guggenhiem”
Target'
Bunche
r'Ph
ase'Ro
tator'
4D'Coo
ler'
Capture'Sol.'
Accumulator'
Compressor'
'''Proton'Driver' '''Front'End'
Hg@Je
t'Target'
'''AcceleraBon'
Decay'Ch
anne
l'
'''! Storage'Ring'
ν
#
'≈0.35'km'
Accelerators:'Linac,'RLA'or'FFAG'
0.2–1.2'GeV'1.2'–'5'GeV' 5'GeV'
Target'
'''Proton'Driver' '''Front'End'
'''AcceleraBon' '''Collider'Ring'
Accelerators:'''''Linac,'RLA'or'FFAG,'RCS'
'''Cooling'
#+!
6D'Coo
ling'
6D'Coo
ling'
Final'Coo
ling'
Bunch'
Merge'
#−!
#+! #−!
ECoM'126'GeV'1.5'TeV'3'TeV'
Share same complex
ν Factory Goal: O(1021) µ/year
within the accelerator acceptance
Neutrino)Factory)
Muon)Collider)
µ@Collider Goals: 126 GeV
~14,000 Higgs/yr Multi-TeV
Lumi > 1034cm-2s-1
Bunche
r'Ph
ase'Ro
tator'
Capture'Sol.'
Accumulator'
Compressor'
Hg@Je
t'Target'
Decay'Ch
anne
l'
![Page 4: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Layout (from D. Stratakis)
4
Lattice Space for Cryostats
12
• Space generated for diagnostics, cryostats
Parameter Baseline With Space Cool rate (trans.) 1.49 1.49
Cool rate (long.) 1.30 1.35
Transmission 87.2% (55 m) 86.4% (55 m) 19.3 → 20 MV/m
11 m
Cooling after merging (8 stages)
3.7 T (8.4 T) 6.0 T (9.2 T) 10.8 T (14.2 T) 13.6 T (15.0 T)
MAGNETIC FIELD axis (coil) 8
Absorber TOP VIEW LH & LIH
STAGE 2 STAGE 4 STAGE 6 STAGE 8 64 m (32 cells) 62.5 m (50 cells) 62 m (77 cells) 41.1 m (51 cells)
![Page 5: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Magnet design requirements• Specific field profile to satisfy requirements for transverse cooling
and longitudinal-transverse emittance exchange !
• Design must be “realizable”: ➡ Realistic coil cross-sections ➡ Realistic support structures ➡ Available materials (properties) ➡ Basic assembly feasibility
5
Recent Vacuum Cooling Channel Workshop,
held at LBNL, helped clarify some outstanding interface and space requirements issues
![Page 6: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Assumptions for conceptual design
• Magnetics:
➡ Use superconductor properties that are commercially available
➡ Assume coil JE that is demonstrated to be feasible
!
• Mechanical:
➡ Structures use readily available and proven materials
➡ Apply realistic boundary conditions (stick-slip, pre-stress)
➡ Some space allocated for cryogenics
6
![Page 7: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
First layout: overview• Consider “tilted” and “straight” solenoids
• Fill factors based on sampling of existing magnets
• Properties from commercially available superconductors
7
Nb3Sn
NbTi
Material( Magnet( k" average(
Nb#Ti&
Tevatron(MB( 0.23(
0.26&
HERA(MB( 0.26(
SSC(MB(inner( 0.30(
SSC(MB(outer( 0.27(
RHIC(MB( 0.23(
LHC(MB(inner( 0.29(
LHC(MB(outer( 0.24(
FRESCA(inner( 0.29(
FRESCA(outer( 0.26(
Nb3Sn&
CERNBElin(inner( 0.29(
0.33&
CERNBElin(inner( 0.26(
MSUT(inner( 0.33(
MSUT(outer( 0.34(
LBNL(D20(inner( 0.48(
LBNL(D20(outer( 0.34(
FNAL(HFDA02B03( 0.29(
NED( 0.31(
Nb3Sn( HQ(quadrupole( 0.32( 0.32(
Nb3Sn( HD2( 0.33( 0.33(
Reference:(L.(Rossi(and(Ezio(Todesco,(«Electromagne;c&design&of&superconduc;ng&dipoles&based&on§or&coils”,&PHYSICAL(REVIEW(
SPECIAL(TOPICS(B(ACCELERATORS(AND(BEAMS(10,(112401((2007)(
JE = kJSC
![Page 8: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Axial field profile
8
!13.7&T&
13.7&T&
Z-position [m]
Axia
l fiel
d [T
]
![Page 9: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Magnetics: load lines• Assume OST RRP Nb3Sn (Godeke fit; 5% degradation, SF-corrected)
• Assume NbTi with 3kA/mm2 @ 5T, 4.2K (Bottura fit)
9
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 5 10 15 20
Jeng
inee
ring
(A/m
m2)
B (T)
Nb#Ti&(1.9&K)&
Nb3Sn&(1.9K)&Nb3Sn&(4.2K)&
Nb#Ti&(4.2&K)&
Inner&solenoid&
Middle&solenoid&
Outer&solenoid&
![Page 10: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Magnetics - status• Middle and outer (NbTi) coils have ample margin
• Inner (Nb3Sn) solenoid is marginally feasible ➡ room for further optimization (iteration with beam modeling)
• Both single-wire and Rutherford cable can be considered ➡ Magnet protection: inductance considerations (not yet addressed)
✓ know that solutions exist (prefer passive, but may need active)
➡ dB/dt-induced quenching down the train needs to be evaluated
✓ mitigate by judicious grouping, possible eddy-current field clamping
10
%"of"the"load"line"at"opera/onal"current"Inner%solenoid% Middle%solenoid% Outer%solenoid%
Nb4Ti"@"4.2"K" /% 76%% 74%%Nb4Ti"@"1.9"K" /% 59%% 58%%
Nb3Sn"@"4.2"K" 88%% /% /%Nb3Sn"@"1.9"K" 81%% /% /%
![Page 11: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Structure: magnetic forces• Significant longitudinal forces between coils
➡ No fault-force analysis so far
• Prefer groupings with zero net longitudinal force ➡ but recognize inter-grouping forces will arise if one quenches
11
1.5$MN$2.0$MN$1.4$MN$
*1.5$MN$
*2.0$MN$ *1.4$MN$
![Page 12: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Conceptual layout• Sliding without friction for all coil/structure contact surfaces
• Separation allowed
12
1
XYZ
Powering
APR 15 201408:37:01
ELEMENTS
/EXPANDED
MAT NUM
1
XYZ
Powering
APR 15 201408:37:01
ELEMENTS
/EXPANDED
MAT NUM
1
XYZ
Powering
APR 15 201408:37:01
ELEMENTS
/EXPANDED
MAT NUM
1
XYZ
Powering
APR 15 201408:37:01
ELEMENTS
/EXPANDED
MAT NUM
RF#cavity#
Nb,Ti#Coils#
Nb3Sn#Coil#
Stainless,steel#casings#
20#mm#
Stainless-steel#
Nb3Sn&
NbTi&
NbTi&
20#mm#
23#mm#
5#mm#
15#mm#
15#mm#
20#mm#
2#mm#gap#
23#mm#
2#mm#gap#
5#mm#
5#mm#
![Page 13: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Coilpack properties• Use historical data from various magnet types
13
D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation and Thermo- Mechanical Properties of Nb3Sn Composite.
I. Dixon et al. Mechanical properties of epoxy impregnated superconducting solenoids
Reference' Year' Insula.on' Cond' Loading'Direc.on'X'
(Gpa)'Direc.on'Y'
(Gpa)'Direc.on'Z'
(Gpa)'
Nb>Ti'Dixon&& 1996&DGEBA&resin&+&E2glass&cloth& rect&strand& 1&cycle& 59.3& 41.0& 99.5&Chow& 1998&Epoxy&+&glass&cloth& rect&strand&Monotonic& 52.9& 44.4& 56.8&Chow& 1998&Mixture&law& rect&strand& && 35.3& 35.3& 106.2&ReyHer& 2001&epoxy&+&60μm&quartz&fiber&tape& cable& Cyclic& 2& 46& 2&
Nb3Sn'
Chow& 1998&Epoxy&+&Sglass&braid& cable& Monotonic& 34.5& 27.6& 67.7&Chow& 1998&Mixture&law& cable& && 34.4& 24.6& 80.6&ReyHer& 2001&epoxy&+&60μm&quartz&fiber&tape& cable& Cyclic& 2& 45& 2&Chichili& 2000&epoxy&CTD2101K&+&S2&glass& cable& Monotonic& 2& 26& 56&Chichili& 2000&epoxy&CTD2101K&+&S2&glass& cable& Cyclic& 2& 40& 2&
References:)• M.)Rey-er!et!al.,!“Characteriza/on!of!the!thermo4mechanical!behaviour!of!insulated!cable!stacks!representa/ve!
of!accelerator!magnet!coils!(2001).!• D.)R.)Chichili)et!al.,!“Inves/ga/on!of!cable!insula/on!and!thermo4mechanical!proper/es!of!epoxy!impregnated!
Nb3Sn!composite”!(2000).!• Ken)P.)Chow!et!al.,!“Measurements!of!modulus!of!elas/city!and!thermal!contrac/on!of!epoxy!impregnated!
Niobium4Tin!and!Niobium4Titanium!composites!(1999).!• Iain)R.)Dixon)et!al.,!“Mechanical!proper/es!of!epoxy!Impregnated!Superconduc/ng!solenoids”!(1996).!!
Magnet'axis'(x)'
Magnet'axis'(x)'
Radial'(y)' X"(m/m)" Y"(m/m)" Z"(m/m)"
Nb+Ti" !0.00341' !0.00437' !0.00274'
Nb3Sn" !0.00305' !0.00367' !0.00305'
From"295"to"77"K"
![Page 14: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Structural analysis: version I• Version 1: no pre-stress
• Evaluate states at: ➡ cooldown
➡ Energized
14
187$MPa$
100$MPa$
σx#(MPa)# σy#(MPa)# σz#(MPa)#
Middle&solenoid& 150& 187& 200&
Outer&solenoid& 53& 70& 68&
σx# σy#
NbTi
Nb3Sn
![Page 15: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Structural analysis: version II• Version 1I: pre-stress
• Evaluate states at: ➡ assembly
➡ cooldown
➡ Energized
15
100#µm#shim#
0.27%&
No#radial#shim#
0.19%&
With#100#µm#radial#shim#
0"MPA" 340"MPA"
0"MPA" 1"GPA"
Room temperature
Cold+Energized
![Page 16: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Tilting vs dipole superposition
• Tilting: ➡ “benign” tilt angle
➡ may need additional “knob”
!
• Dipole superposition: ➡ clean “knob”
➡ solenoids keep rotational symmetry
➡ need space for dipole
➡ dipole sees high field (~1T on 15T background
16
![Page 17: Soren Prestemon Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryCoilpack properties • Use historical data from various magnet types 13 D.R. Chichili et al., Investigation of Cable Insulation](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040918/5e9d071412051a2b7b3d7a1a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
MAP Spring Meeting, FNAL Soren Prestemon– LBNL May 28, 2014
Summary• First conceptual design of the vacuum cooling channel magnets
➡ Basic feasibility being established (pending optimization)
➡ Need to clarify and document requirements for cryogenics and vac. RF
✓ Vacuum Cooling Workshop helped significantly
➡ Room for improvement:
✓ Iterate magnet design and beam modeling to better optimize performance versus magnet complexity/risk
✓ Use magnet modeling tools to iterate/optimize design:
‣ materials selection
‣ develop pre-stress concept
• No show-stoppers, but…
➡ lots to do: magnet protection, powering, fault scenarios, …
17
Most importantly, a design process and design tools
are being developed to allow iterative analysis