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South Africa Andrea Sharp April 14, 2014 Period 1 Sociology

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Location: Southern tip of Africa Capital: Cape Town (legislative), Pretoria (seat of President), Bloemfontein (administrative) Population: 48, 375, 465 Language: IsiZulu (22.7%), IsiXhosa (16%), Afrikaans (13.5%), English (9.6%), Sepedi (9.1%), Setswana (8%), Sesotho (7.6)%, Xitsonga (4.5%), siSwati (2.5%), Tshivenda (2.4%), isiNdebele (2.1)%, sign language 0.5%, other 1.6% Religion: Protestant (36.6%), other Christian (36%), none (15.1%), Catholic (7.1%), other (2.3%), Muslim (1.5%), unspecified 1.4%

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Economy Unemployment (25%), poverty and inequality are their biggest issues. They are neither a wealthy country nor a poor country and have been able to get back on their feet after the global financial crisis when their GDP fell 2%. They have a large deficit, but they have been able to control inflation. Also, they obtain faulty electricity, even with modern buildings, and the inability to distribute goods equally. Mining, automobile assembly and metal work are popular industrial jobs.

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Values, Beliefs and Norms Until 1990, South Africa was the worlds only explicitly racialized state. Apartheid created an environment of norms and values based on racial segregation and bias against all people of non-European decent. People became almost complacent in accepting their roles in society and so developed a certain set of values and norms that benefited the injustice that was happening. But in 1994, after 42 years of Apartheid- rule and the efforts of millions of people to change minds and laws, there was a significant change. Apartheid ended and the country was no longer completely divided. South Africa has now received new attention for its major efforts in righting past wrongs and undoing the damage caused by years of suffering and injustice. There is new opportunity for shared values and norms of equality and justice in a greater society. We have a culture that is embracing justice, equality and the rights to safety, health, welfare etc. I think the most significant change is that people have learnt to respect the different cultural values and norms of their neighbors. This is really important as it means that we are continually moving towards greater acceptance and less judgment of one another. But one must realize that not everyone chose to share in the new values of equality. Although there was a greater sense of communal value of justice, there were obviously people who liked living in Apartheid because they benefited from the injustices. It is important to note that an individuals sense of values and norms does not necessarily coincide with the values and norms of their greater society. Teen Active

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History 4 th Century: San and Khoikhoi people are joined by migrants from the north 1497: Vasco da Gama (Portuguese explorer) steps foot on Natal Coast 1795: British forces seize Cape Colony from Netherlands. 1867: Diamonds discovered at Kimberley 1880: First Anglo- Boer War 1885 (roughly): Gold rush begins 1889: Second Anglo- Boer War begins 1910: Formation of the Union of South Africa 1934: South Africa was freed from Britain 1948: Apartheid takes place 1960: South Africa declared republic 1960 (roughly): South Africa not included in Olympic Games 1990: After 27 years, Mandela is released from prison 1996: New constitution is adopted 2001: Demand for better AIDs medicine 2006: Gold mining industry at a standstill because of strike 2010: Hosts World Cup 2013: Nelson Mandela passes away

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Colombia Latin America

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Location: Northern South America, surrounded by Panama, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Venezuela Capital: Bogota Population: 46, 245, 297 Language: Spanish Religion: Roman Catholic (90%), other (10%)

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Economy For the past decade, Colombia has had strong development economically, but their infrastructures are lacking. They hold one of the highest unemployment rates in Latin America, 9.7%. Like South Africa, poverty and inequality play a large rule in their society, but Colombia also deals with narcotrafficking (smuggling and distribution of illegal drugs). Main job markets are the textiles, food processing, jobs in the oil industry and clothing and shoe manufacturing.

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Values, Beliefs and Norms Colombians respect their elders and look for their opinion when in the process of making important decisions; the older you are the more respect you receive. Family is also very important to their culture, often the children will stay at home until they are wed. Nursing homes are not normal, the younger generation takes care of the older generation when they can no longer care for themselves. Next to family is religion, a critical aspect in their culture. Some of their decisions (education, welfare and union) will depend on their religious concerns.

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History 1525: Spain concurs Colombia 1718: Bogota becomes capital 1849: Formation of Conservative and Liberal parties 1885: Conservative party begins 45 year reign 1899-1903: Civil War between Conservative and Liberal party begins. 1948: Riots are held due to assassination of potential president -1957: War breaks out killing almost 300,000 people 1966: Guerilla groups start to become popular 1984: Government works harder to shut down drug cartel 1985: Volcano erupts killing 25,000 1998: Peace talks with Guerillas begun 2005: Colombia and US agree on fair trade deal 2014: President hopes to make peace with Guerilla fighters

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My Opinions Although both places have beautiful landscapes and cultures that have been around for centuries, I would not live in either place; I would take an extended vacation to experience their cultures and traditions, but I would rather live in the United States. We have our own share of problems here, but anywhere else in the world they are much greater. These places lack things we have here such as: education, medicine and safety. Other places in the world are not as safe as we are here. Colombia deals with radical groups and although they are diminishing they still exist. South Africa has issues regarding races, so it would be difficult to visit a country or a live in a country where you are not wanted.

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Citations http://reservebanksa.blogspot.com/2010_07_01_archive.html http://www.vincenzo.altervista.org/catalog/southafr/saf132_f.jpg http://teenactive.co.za/downloads/988/Gr8%20LO2%20AS4%20Cultural%20Values%20and%20Norms%20in%20South%20Africa.dochttp://teenactive.co.za/downloads/988/Gr8%20LO2%20AS4%20Cultural%20Values%20and%20Norms%20in%20South%20Africa.doc. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094918 http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/countries/south-africa-facts/# http://www.southafricaataglance.com/south-africa-key-facts.htmlhttp://www.mrwallpaper.com/wallpapers/South-Africa-Cape-Town- 1680x1050.jpg http://watchlist.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Colombia.gif http://www.logoeps.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Flag_of_Colombia.jpg http://www.ngw.nl/int/col/images/colombia.jpg http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/colombia.html http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~macne22k/classweb/pictures/beach%20in%20colombia.jpg