south korean assignment 1
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MATERIAL CULTURE
FOODS
Like most ethnic groups throughout the world, South Korea has developed their own food culture to suit
their unique history and climate. Their traditional foods are arranged beautifully on either high or low tables
and they use spoon and chopsticks to help themselves to those side dishes which are up from 15-20 side
dishes. The spoon was use for scooping steamed rice, soup and stew, while chopsticks were to eat a variety
of prepared side dishes.
And not only has the geographical boundaries which separate it from its neighbours impacted on food
culture of the nation, but the four distinct seasons have also influenced what South Koreans eat. Koreans feel
strongly that food should be harmonized with natural species and the balanced meals during the day are good
for the health. Most also think that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Because of their
agriculture background and Confucian tradition, Koreans place great important on proper table settings and
table etiquette, and they have special foods for different seasons and for seasonal festivals which will be
briefly describe as bellow:
- Lunar New Year or Chonwol Choharu/Sollal : the most common food eaten on this day is ttok
kuk , or rice kuk and other popular foods are ttok -mandu kuk , chapchae (noodles with meat
and vegetables), yakshik (sweet rice), pindaettok (mung bean pancakes).
- First Full Moon Day or Chonwol Taeborum : the typical dishes eaten at this festival include
ogok -bap (five grain rice- a mixture of steamed rice, Indian millet, red beans, millet and black
beans), yakshik ( sweet rice- sticky rice often mixed with Chinese dates, chestnuts, honey.
- The 105 day after the Winter Solstice : Ssuk Tang or Mugwort soup is the traditional dish of
this occasion.
- Tano (is the day when heat of summer begins and people would traditionally wash their hair and
faces in water in which iris plants have been boiled. Some typical foods eaten on this occasionwould be surichi -ttok (rice cake), churnchi - gik (fish soup), aengdu -hwachae ( puch ) and
aheho -tang .
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- Beside some foods for special occasion South Koreans most famous one is kimchi . Because of
Korea has four distinct seasons, fresh vegetables are not always readily available, especially
during the winter months. It is this reason that led to the development of kimchi . Kimchi is a
fermented vegetable dish which complimented by sated fish and other seasonings that gives it a
very unique flavour. It has a hot and spicy taste, but also provide vitamin, lactic acid, and
mineral. There over 100 types of kimchi and the most common types are shown bellow:
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Apart from this South Korean do have a lot of delicious foods which is going to take hundreds of pages
to be described so in order to make it fast, here is just a quick brief of them:
- Rice beef noodles soup ( sollongtang ): its seasoned with sesame seeds, salt pepper, scallions,
and sesame oil. It is served with rice as the main meal and is accompanied by side dishes and
radish kimchi called kaktugi .
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- Pork and kimchi is a kind of soup but more saltier than general soup.
- Mustard salad ( kyujachae ): is cold vegetable salad and the hot mustard makes the main taste
particular.
- Barbequed beef ( pulgoki ): thin, tender slice of beef are marinated in a sauce and cooked over a
hot charcoal grill at table.
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- Broiled beef rib ( sokalbigui ): the recipe is very close to that of barbequed bee, however the
taste is quite different.
-DRINKS
- Traditional Korean drinks are made chiefly from rice, sweet potatoes and other grains, usually
along with kneaded wheat malt. There are widely five types: yakju (refined pure liquor
fermented from rice), soju (distilled liquor), takju (thick, unrefined pure fermented from
grains), fruit wines, and medicinal wines from various seeds and roots. Each type has dozen of
variety.
- - Soju : comparable to vodka but less potent, soju is the most popular traditional Korean
liquor among the general public. Soju was originally brewed from grain, today it is mass-
produced from sweet potatoes and also taste like a three day old pair of shocks.
- Makgulli and dogdongju : a milky liquor with low alcohol content, this traditional commoners
beverage is enjoyed by farmers and laborers, but by business peoples as well.
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- Also green tea was first introduced to korea during the reign of Queen Sundeok (632-
647) of silla kingdom (57 b.c ad. 935). Grain fruits and medicinal foods are also used in
making tea. Popular Korean tea of today are insamcha (ginseng tea), nokcha (green tea),
yujacha (citron tea), daechucha (jujube tea), sangangch (ginger tea) and yulmucha (jobs tears
tea)
-TECHNOLOGY
The automotive industry designs, develop, markets, and sell the worlds motor vehicles. In
2007, more than 73 million motor vehicles, including cars and commercial vehicles were produced
worldwide. But in 2008, with rapidly rising oil prices, industries such as the automotive industry are
experiencing a combination of pricing pressure from raw material costs and changes in consumer buying
habits.
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-A robot is virtual or mechanical artificial agent. It is usually an electro-mechanical system
which, by its appearance or movement, conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of its own. The word
robot can refer to both physical robots and virtual software agents, but the latter are usually referred to as
bots.
Here are some robots in South Korea:
A pick and place robot in a factory
ASIMO, a humanoid robot manufactured
By honda
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KTT is mentally anthropomorphic.
Another great technology of South Korea is that the Korean Aerospace Research Institute, KARI,
currently has satellites circling the globe which help provide weather data for Korea and other
country in the region.
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South Korea is the world most connected information society leading or tied for the top rankings in
each of internet use, internet penetration, broadband penetration, mobile phone ownership, 3 G
mobile telecoms, WiFi hotspot and WiBro ( mobile WiMax ) coverage.
EFFECT OF PEOPLE ECONOMY TO ENVIRONMENT
With 8.4 tons of carbon dioxide emission, air pollution is a serious concern, particularly in
some major cities, because more than 80 percents of all South Koreans live in urban areas. Although, far
behind first place united state, South Koreas much smaller population is the ninth largest consumer of ozone
depleting chlorofluorocarbons.
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Other issue include water pollution from sewer discharge and industrial effluents, acid rain, drift net fishing,
and wasteful packaging of consumer goods. Bellows are some ways that cause water pollution;
Pollution from ship : ship can pollute waterways and oceans in many ways. Oil spills can have
devastating effects while being toxic to marine life. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the
components in crude oil, are very difficult to clean up, and last for years in the sediment and marineenvironment. Discharge of cargo residues from bulk carries can pollute ports, waterways and oceans.
Ship creates noise pollution that disturbs natural wildlife, and water from ballast tanks can spread
harmful algae and other invasive species.
Plastic debris : discard plastic bags, six pack rings and other forms of plastic waste which finish up
in the ocean present dangers to wildlife and fisheries. Aquatic life can be threatened through
entanglement, suffocation, and ingestion. Fishing net usually made of plastic, can be left or lost in the
ocean by fisherman. Known as ghost net, these entangle fish, dolphins, sea turtles, sharks, dugongs,
crocodiles, seabirds, crabs, and other creature.
A mute swan builds a nest using plastic garbage.
Forest and erosion : over the centuries, Koreas inhabitants have cut down most of the ancient
Korean forests, with the exception of a few remote, mountainous areas. The disappearance of the
forests has been a major cause of soil erosion and flooding. Because of successful reforestation
programs and the declining use of firewood as a source of energy since the 1960s, most of south
Koreas hills in the 1980s were amply covered with foliage.
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II SOCIAL CULTURE
1, KINSHIP
The traditional Korean kinship system, defined by different obligation in relation to ancestor,
was complex. Anthropologist generally view it in terms four separate levels, beginning with the household
on the lowest level and reaching to the clan, which include a large number of people often spread over and
extensive geographical area.
The house hold jib or chip in Korean consisted of husband and wife, their children. The eldest sons
household, the stem family, was known as the big house , and the youngest son was called little
house .
The second level of the kinship was the mourning group ( tangnae ), which consisted of all those
descendants of a common matrilineal forbearer up to four generations back. Its role was to organize
the ceremony at the grave site.
The third level of kinship is lineage . A lineage might comprise of a handful of households, but in
some cases included hundreds or even thousands of household. The lineage was responsible for the
rites to ancestors of the fifth generation or above, performed at a common grave site.
The fourth and most inclusive kinship organization was the clan or more accurately, the tongjok (surname origin group). Among ordinary South Koreans, this was commonly known as the pongwan
or clan seat . Members of the same tongjok shared both a surname and origins in the generally
remote past. Unlike members of the smaller kinship group, however, they often lacked strong
feelings of solidarity. Approximately 249 surnames were used by South Koreans in the late 1980s.
the most common one was kim ( about 22 percent ), li or yi ( 15 percent) , pak or park ( 8.5 perecent)
FAMILY
Korean life is defined by family relationships. Confucian beliefs influence family roles and
relationships between the government and people, men and women, parents and children, and also between
seniors and young people. Some customs based on Confucian beliefs are still practice today. Parents place
grate important on teaching children to respect their elders and to fulfil family duties. Korean lowers their
eyes when talking to an older person as it is considered disrespectful to make direct eye contact. Koreans
never address an older person by his or her first name, but use the older persons last name with a title.
Extended family lived together and one household might contain a dozen people. Today more people are
moving into their own apartments in urban centre and smaller families are becoming common. Koreans still
believe in looking after their elderly parents. Because of the importance placed on the family in Korean
society, people keep track of their family trees and can trace their roots back several generations. Family
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documents such as family census registers, also known as family certificates, are more important than birth
or marriage certificates.
MARRIAGE
Traditional marriage
In ancient times, weddings were held in the brides yard or house. The groom travelled byhorse to the brides house and after the wedding took his wife in a palanquin (cart) to his
parents house to live. The bride and groom wore formal court costumes for the wedding
ceremony. Ordinary people were permitted to wear luxurious clothes only on their wedding
day. Hand lanterns are used to lighting the way from the grooms home to the brides home
on night before the wedding. Traditionally, the groom family would carry a wedding chest
filled with gifts for the brides family. Wedding ducks are symbol for a long and happy
marriage. Cranes are a symbol of long life and may be represented on the womans sash.
These customs are still in practice today.
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