soybean production under conventional, organic and zero

Analita del Mundo Magsino

Arvin Jasper R. Adan

Maria Marcelina R. Espineli

College of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and

Natural Resources

Cavite State University

Don Severino de las Alas Campus

Indang, Cavite

SOYBEAN PRODUCTION

UNDER CONVENTIONAL, ORGANIC

AND ZERO FERTILIZATION SCHEMES

Introduction

• Soybean (Glycine max)

• known in the world as “wonder crop” of the 20th

century

• one of the most versatile high value crops

Introduction

• Domestic soybean production - Southern Mindanao,

CARAGA, Central Visayas, and Cagayan Valley

• Domestic requirement for whole soybean - met

largely by importation

Objectives

- To determine the adaptability of Tiwala 6, Tiwala 8, and Manchuria varieties in Indang, Cavite

- To evaluate the response of Tiwala 6, Tiwala 8, and Manchuria to conventional, organic and zero fertilization

- To assess the profitability of Tiwala 6, Tiwala 8, and Manchuria variety as affected by fertilization scheme

Methodology

Split-Plot in RCBD Experimental Design with four replications

• Main Plot Factor: Fertilization scheme

T0 – control (no fertilizer)

T1 – organic fertilization scheme

T2 – conventional fertilization scheme

• Subplot Factor: Soybean variety

V1 – PSB Sy-2 (Tiwala 6)

V2 – PSB Sy-6 (Tiwala 8)

V3 – Manchuria

Source of Seeds: Institute of Plant Breeding

Methodology

• Soil sampling and

analysis

Methodology

• Site preparation

Methodology

• Fertilizer application

• Setting of hills and furrows

• Sowing

• Seedling establishment

Methodology • Inoculant preparation and

application

Methodology

• Weeding and cultivation

Methodology

• Fertilizer application

15 DAE

22 DAE

Methodology

• Harvesting

• Sun-drying

• Cleaning and sorting of seeds

22 DAE

Methodology

• Data collection

Days to flower

Nodes at main stem at harvest maturity

-

Number of plants harvested per plot

Number of pods per plant

Number of seeds per plant

Number of seeds per pod

Weight of 100 seeds (g/100 seeds)

Dry seed weight (g/plant)Yield per

hectare (t/ha)

Profitability

Cost and return

Break-even yield

Return on investment

Data Analysis

Results

Results Table 2. Number of days to flower of three soybean varieties as affected by three

fertilization schemes

FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

NUMBER OF DAYS TO FLOWER MEAN

Tiwala 6 Tiwala 8 Manchuria

T0 - Control 38.00 43.50 37.75 39.75

T1 - Organic 37.75 43.00 36.75 39.17

T2 - Conventional 37.50 41.50 36.75 38.58

MEAN 37.75b

42.67a

37.08b

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Results Table 3. Number of nodes at main stem at harvest maturity of three soybean varieties as

affected by three fertilization schemes

FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

NUMBER OF NODES AT MAIN STEM MEAN


T0 - Control 10.96 11.81 12.41 11.73

T1 - Organic 10.88 13.08 12.68 12.21

T2 - Conventional 11.65 11.62 12.61 11.96

MEAN 11.16b

12.17a

12.57a


Results Table 4. Number of plants harvested of three soybean varieties as affected by three


FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

PLANTS HARVESTED PER PLOT MEAN


T0 - Control 292.75 359.00 310.00 320.58a

T1 - Organic 288.75 338.75 298.75 308.75a

T2 - Conventional 239.25 331.75 265.75 278.92b

MEAN 273.58b

343.17a

291.50b


Results Table 6. Number of seeds per plant of three soybean varieties as affected by three


FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

NUMBER OF SEEDS PER PLANT MEAN


T0 - Control 41.46 35.91 39.60 38.99b

T1 - Organic 44.00 51.33 40.31 45.21a

T2 - Conventional 38.33 32.66 32.46 34.48b

MEAN 41.26 39.96 37.45


Results Table 8. Weight of 100 seeds in grams of three soybean varieties as affected by three


FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

WEIGHT OF 100 SEEDS (g) MEAN


T0 - Control 11.88 10.88 11.55 11.43a

T1 - Organic 11.75 11.10 11.78 11.54a

T2 - Conventional 10.78 10.08 11.15 10.67b

MEAN 11.47a

10.68b

11.49a


Results Table 9. Dry seed weight of three soybean varieties as affected by three fertilization

schemes

FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

DRY SEED WEIGHT (g/plant) MEAN


T0 - Control 4.40 4.03 3.85 4.09b

T1 - Organic 4.84 6.05 4.77 5.22a

T2 - Conventional 4.31 3.32 4.25 3.96b

MEAN 4.51 4.47 4.29


Results Table 11. Comparison of cost and return analysis of three different varieties under

control (T0)

ITEM

VARIETY


Seed Yield 2.20 t/ha 2.02 t/ha 1.92 t/ha

Total Cost 34,936.00 34,216.00 33,816.00

Gross Income 88,000.00 80,800.00 76,800.00

Net Income 53,064.00 46,584.00 42,984.00

Break-even Yield (kg) 612.17 652.98 678.96

Return on Investment 151.89 136.15 127.11

Farmgate price (Php 40/kg)


organic fertilization scheme (T1)

ITEM

VARIETY



Total Cost 51,196.00 53,636.00 51,036.00

Gross Income 80,800.00 121,200.00 95,200.00

Net Income 29,604.00 67,564.00 44,164.00

Break-Even Yield (kg) 977.03 682.40 826.65

Return On Investment 57.82 125.97 86.53

Farmgate price (Php 40/kg)


conventional fertilization scheme (T2)

ITEM

VARIETY



Total Cost 36,761.00 33,901.00 36,681.00

Gross Income 86,000.00 66,400.00 85,200.00

Net Income 49,239.00 32,499.00 48,519.00

Break-even Yield (kg) 491.14 586.63 494.68

Return on Investment 133.94 95.86 132.27

Farmgate price (Php 40/kilo)

Results

Table 14. Break-even yield of different treatment combinations

FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

BREAK-EVEN YIELD (kg/ha)


T0 - Control 612.17 652.98 678.96

T1 - Organic 977.03 682.40 826.65

T2 - Conventional 491.14 586.63 494.68

Results

Table 15. Return on investment (ROI) of different treatment combinations

FERTILIZATION

SCHEME

RETURN ON INVESTMENT


T0 - Control 151.89 136.15 127.11

T1 - Organic 57.82 125.97 86.53

T2 - Conventional 133.94 95.86 132.27

Conclusions

1. PSB Sy-2 (Tiwala 6), PSB Sy-6 (Tiwala 8) and Manchuria are equally adapted in Indang, Cavite.

2. Yield parameters are significantly affected by fertilization scheme with the notable advantage of using organic fertilizers.

3. Yield is not significantly affected by the interaction of fertilization scheme and variety.

Conclusions

3. Break-even yields in all varieties are lowest in conventional production. thus, there is higher profitability in this fertilization scheme.

4. Return on investment or profit is highest under zero fertilization scheme (control) and conventional fertilization for Tiwala 6 and Manchuria and under zero fertilization schem (control) and organic fertilization scheme for Tiwala 8.

Recommendations

1. Farm or field trial to test adaptability of soybean varieties across sites in Upland Cavite 2. Reduce cost of production following the organic scheme by using farm-derived inputs and farm processed fertilizer materials instead of commercially available ones 3. Soil analysis prior to planting of soybean in any site/farm

Soybean Production Under Conventional, Organic, and Zero Fertilization Schemes Magsino, Adan & Espineli

research cum extension.....

Thank you very much!

Soybean Production Under Conventional, Organic, and Zero Fertilization Schemes

Magsino, Adan & Espineli October 2016

Thank you very much!

soybean production under conventional, organic and zero

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