Space Science

Chapter 2 Notes

Bell Work 1/25/10Write each statement. Then decide if the

statement is true or false. If false, then correct it.

1. The sky seems to turn because Earth stays still.

2. Mass is the force that keeps a satellite in orbit around an object in space.

3. Earth is a satellite of the Sun.

Earth’s rotation causes day and night Gravity pulls objects toward the center of the

Earth As Earth turns so do you

You keep the same position on Earth The view above your head changes

The directions north, south, east, and west are based on the way the planet turns

At any one time, half of Earth is in sunlight

Earth’s tilted axis and orbit cause seasons Revolution – the motion of one body around

another or the time it takes an object to go around once Example – Earth in its orbit around the Sun

As Earth moves, its axis always points in the same direction in space

It takes Earth 1 year or

364.25 days to make one

revolution around the Sun

Seasonal Patterns

Seasons – patterns of temperature changes and other weather trends over the course of a year

Seasons occur because the amount of sunlight at each location changes during the year

Equinox – sunlight shines equally on the northern and southern hemispheres

Solstice – the area of sunlight is a maximum in one hemisphere and a minimum in the other hemisphere

Seasonal Patterns September Equinox – half of the

sunlight is in each hemisphere. The strongest sunlight in on the equator

December Solstice – Less than half of the Northern Hemisphere is in sunlight. The strongest sunlight is south of the equator, so the Southern Hemisphere grows warmer.

March Equinox – half of the sunlight is in each hemisphere. The strongest sunlight is on the equator.

June Solstice – more than half of the Northern Hemisphere is in sunlight. The strongest sunlight is north of the equator, so the Northern Hemisphere grows warmer.

Bell Work 1/26/10

Please answer #1-4 on page 49 of your book on your yellow bell work sheet.

Bell Work 1/27/10 Decide if it is True/False – correct if it is False

1. The imaginary line running from North Pole to South Pole through the center of Earth is called the axis of rotation.

2. One complete revolution of Earth moving around the Sun takes one month.

3. Seasons are patterns of temperature and weather changes through the course of a year.

4. At an equinox, the area of Earth lit by sunlight is at a maximum in one hemisphere and at a minimum in the other hemisphere.

Bell Work 1/28/10 Decide if it is True/False – correct if it is False1. In the Northern Hemisphere, spring begins on

the September equinox.

2. Many parts of Earth experience seasons because the angle of sunlight shining on that part of Earth changes throughout the year.

3. The part of Earth that faces the Sun changes as Earth rotates on its axis, which is why Earth has summer and winter.

4. Sunlight shines equally on the northern and southern hemispheres at an equinox.

The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite.

The Moon’s near side always faces Earth.

20.220.2

Dark-colored maria formed from

lava-filled craters.

Light-colored highlands are old and cratered.

The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite.

The Moon’s near side always faces Earth.

The Moon has layers.

core

mantle

crust

20.220.2

Space 2.2 Notes

Mare – a dark area on the Moon