space systems engineering curriculum review

Space Systems Engineering Curriculum

Review29 November 2011

LCDR Henry [email protected]

2

1. Curriculum Purpose

2. Summary of Last Review

3. Validation of Curriculum Requirements

4. Quantitative Aspects

5. Academic Design

6. Review of Research

7. Conclusion

Agenda

NPS Curricula Purpose

Fulfill technical and managerial education needs of the Navy

Sponsor’s needs

Core Skill Requirements (CSR)

Educational Skill Requirements (ESR)

Subject Matter Expert Input

NPS Provides Courses

OperationsS&T/R&DRequirements Acquisition

Space Systems Operations

Space Systems Engineering

Educated and experienced Space Cadre personnel must

fill each link in the “National Security Space Chain.”

Assessment

591 Curriculum Purpose

CSR Information

Qualified Designators1000 - 1000 / 1001 - 1019 / 1021 - 1049 / 1050 - 1050 / 1051 - 1099 / 1100 - 1109 / 1110 - 1119 / 1120 - 1129 / 1130 - 1139 / 1140 - 1159 / 1160 - 1169 / 1170 - 1179 / 1180 - 1189 / 1190 - 1199 / 1200 - 1209 / 1200 - 1299 / 1300 - 1399 / 1400 - 1499 / 1510 - 1519 / 1600 - 1609 / 1610 - 1629 / 1630 - 1649 / 1800 - 1899 /

Major Area Sponsor

Robert A. [email protected]

• Curriculum number 591 at NPS• Tour lengths will be 18 months

ESR Emphasis

Space Systems Operations

Space Systems

Engineering

Analysis, Synthesis & Evaluation

Architecting Joint Military Space Missions

Advanced Concepts & Technologies

Information Superiority

Communications

Thermal Control

Propulsion Systems

Structures, Materials & Dynamics

Guidance and Control

Computers

Project Management & System Acquisition

National Security Space SystemsOrbital Mechanics, Space Environment & Remote Sensing

Joint Strategy and Policy

Design, Integration, & Systems Engineering

Payload Design

Signal Processing

Power

Conduct & Report Independent Research

0S MA2043Matrix Algebra

MA1115/6Multi-Variable Calculus

PH1121Mechanics

NW3230Strategy & Policy

1F PH1322Electromagnetism

MA2121Differential Equations

AE2820Spacecraft Structures

EC2820Digital Logic Circuits

2W SS3500Orbital Mechanics

PH2514Space Environment

MA3046Matrix Analysis

EC2300Control Systems

3S AE3815S/C Rotational Mechanics

EO2525Probabilistic Analysis

PH3052Remote Sensing Track

4S AE3851S/C Propulsion

EO3525Communications

Engineering

PH3360EM Wave Propagation Track

5F AE3804Thermal Control of S/C

AE3818S/C ADC Track Track

6W AE3870Computational Tools

SS3051Space Systems &

Operations

SS3001Military Applications of

Space

AE0810Thesis Research

7S AE4870S/C Design & Integrations

I

EC3230Space Power

SS3035Microprocessors for

SpaceTrack


II

MN3331Project Management


NW3275JMO Part 1

9F AE0810Thesis Research


NW3285NSDM

NW3276JMO Part 2

Prerequisite

P - Code

Degree

JPME

Includes:• Integrated JPME• Degree

Specialization

Degree Options:• MS-Astro• MS-Physics• MS-Electrical • MS-Mechanical• MS-Computer

Science

591 Course Matrix

Graduates prepared to competently fill space billets

5500P Subspecialty Code ABET accredited Master’s Degree• Astro, ME, ECE, CS, PH Thesis involving technical, space relevant research Role on a final design project team Other educational opportunities• JPME Phase 1• IDC Warfare Pin Fundamentals and Systems• DAU (ACQ 101, ACQ 201, PMT 250)• Experience tours

591 Curriculum Outcomes

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5. Academic Design


7. Conclusion

Agenda

2009 Space SystemsCurricula Review

1. Conducted 16 September 2009

• Reviewed both 591 and 366

2. Major Changes to ESRs

• Rewrote to incorporate Bloom’s Taxonomy

• More accurately capture desired levels of learning for each requirement

Evaluate

Synthesize

Analyze

Apply

Comprehend

Know

2009 Action Items

Action Item Action POC

2011 Status Notes

1. Increase emphasis on Space Acquisition issues in existing courses (SS3041, SS3051 and design sequence) to include addressing DoD 5000 acquisition process vs. National Security Space NSS 03-01 and NRO Directive 7. Examine existing course MN 3331 to determine if this course can be modified to address this action item.

Program Officer

CLOSED. - Students now learn about space-related changes to DoD 5000.

2. Design and implement new course addressing spacecraft payload issues.

Program Officer

OPEN. - Course prepared, but no room in the matrix to implement it.

3. Modify existing course content to address Multi-disciplinary Design Optimization. Consider option of new course to address this action item.

Program Officer

CLOSED. - Changes made to AE4871

4. Modify ESR wording to incorporate vocabulary used in Blooms Taxonomy.

Program Officer

CLOSED. - ESRs in enclosure (1).

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5. Academic Design


7. Conclusion

Agenda

2011 Space Systems Engineering Curriculum Review

1. Conducting review 29 November 2011• Reviewing only 591• Review of 366 will be conducted in 2012

2. Proposed changes to ESRs• Reflect changes to DoD acquisition instructions• More accurately capture required payload design skills

3. No matrix modifications recommended• Modify existing courses to meet ESR changes

Curriculum Review Process

Space Cadre & Sponsor Community Inputs

Faculty ESR Assessment Surveys

Graduate Surveys

SSAG Committee Inputs

Educational Skill Requirements

Curriculum / Course Content

Student Exit Surveys / SOFs

Faculty ESR Assessment

1. Comprehensive review of:• ESR to Course Mapping• Level each ESR is taught at compared to desired level

2. All instructors surveyed

3. Findings• All 591 ESRs are covered at desired level except 4d

1. ESR 4d: Graduates will understand the unique nature of space acquisition programs and the differences between the DoD 5000 acquisition process and the National Security Space NSS 03-01…

2. Covered at the A/A level vice S/E3. ESR 4d no longer current

Continuous Improvement Steps

1. Continuing to use seminars to augment curricula• Speakers to help fill gaps, add perspective on key topics• Ex: SE case studies, ground systems, mission partners, etc.

2. Review “Course Blocks” AE/SS/EC• Investigate means to improve 591 matrix flexibility

1. Explore options to consolidate where feasible and appropriate

2. Continue discussion on AE track requirements as necessary

Curriculum Content Change1. ESR Changes (591) – Sponsor Input

• Add 1. Systems Engineering ESR2. Ground Systems ESR

• Modify1. Payload ESR

2. Curriculum Content Changes – Sponsor, Surveys, Internal• Add

1. Systems Engineering content (591)2. Ground Systems content (591)3. Payload Systems content (591)

3. Curriculum Modifications – Sponsor, Surveys, Internal• Review Course Placement (366/591)• Increase Curriculum Flexibility (366/591)

1. Ability to take electives2. Ability to pursue varied degree options

Proposed Changes to ESRs

ESR descriptions3c: National Space Systems3e: National Space Systems3f: National Space Systems4d: Project Management and System Acquisition5e: Communications6a: Computers: Hardware and Software7a: Spacecraft Guidance and Control7b: Spacecraft Guidance and Control

Proposed ESR 3c

National Security Space SystemsCurrentGraduates will examine the role of the Services / Agencies in establishing required space system capabilities, and will translate these capabilities into system performance requirements.

ProposedGraduates will examine the role of the Services / Agencies in defining system architecture /mission performance and translating these into applicable space systems requirements.

Proposed ESR 3e

National Security Space SystemsCurrentGraduates will develop and assess space tactics and/or CONOPS that integrate with and enhance or support military operations.

ProposedGraduates will develop and assess space tactics and/or CONOPS, including space protection concepts that integrate with and enhance or support military operations.

Proposed ESR 3f

National Security Space SystemsCurrentGraduates will identify how proposed space-related capabilities / doctrine are translated from concept to real-world implementation through experimentation.

ProposedGraduates will identify how proposed space-related capabilities / doctrine transition from concept to real-world implementation through experimentation.

Proposed ESR 4d

Program Management & System AcquisitionCurrentGraduates will examine the unique nature of space acquisition programs and the differences between the DoD 5000 acquisition process and space-specific acquisition processes (e.g., NRO Directive 7). Based on this knowledge, they will plan and structure a notional space system acquisition program.

ProposedGraduates will examine the unique nature of space acquisition programs and plan a notional space system acquisition program.

Proposed ESR 5e

Spacecraft Communications and Signal ProcessingCurrentGraduates will examine how these space systems are used to meet Joint war-fighters’ communications requirements.

ProposedGraduates will examine how current and planned space communications systems are used to meet Joint communications requirements.

Proposed ESR 6a

Computers: Hardware and SoftwareCurrentGraduates will apply the fundamentals of digital logic and digital system design to the modeling / design of simple digital computer subsystems.

ProposedGraduates will understand the fundamentals of digital logic and digital system design of simple digital computer subsystems.

Proposed ESR 7aSpacecraft Guidance and ControlCurrentGraduates will examine the field of spacecraft guidance and control, to include topics such as linear control, rotational kinematics, rigid body dynamics, gravity gradient, spin and three-axis stabilization design, active nutation control, sources of and response to disturbance torques, and attitude determination and associated sensors and actuators.

ProposedGraduates will analyze the field of spacecraft guidance and control, to include topics such as linear control, rotational kinematics, rigid body dynamics, gravity gradient, spin and three-axis stabilization design, active nutation control, sources of and response to disturbance torques, and attitude determination and associated sensors and actuators.

Proposed ESR 7bSpacecraft Guidance and ControlCurrentGraduates will apply these techniques to the analysis and design of spacecraft guidance and control systems.

ProposedGraduates will apply these techniques to the design of spacecraft guidance and control systems.

Proposed Changes to ESR levels

ESR levels reduced to Knowledge/Comprehension (K/C)2c: Orbital Mechanics and Space Environment2e: Orbital Mechanics and Space Environment3a: National Space Systems3b: National Space Systems5d: Communications7a: Spacecraft Guidance and Control7b: Spacecraft Guidance and Control

Proposed level for ESR 2c

Orbital Mechanics and Space EnvironmentDescriptionGraduates will examine the fundamentals of spacecraft tracking and command/control from a ground station.

Justification for teaching at K/C levelUntil a course for Ground Systems can be developed and incorporated into the academic catalog, this ESR is being taught at the Knowledge/Comprehension level. A change to K/C would reflect the current level students are learning.

Proposed level for ESR 2g

Orbital Mechanics and Space EnvironmentDescriptionGraduates will examine the physical behavior of the upper atmosphere, ionosphere and space environment under the influence of both natural and artificial phenomena such as solar activity, geomagnetic and magnetospheric effects, and man-made disturbances.

Justification for teaching at K/C levelCurrent level (A/A) is higher than necessary for future course work. A thorough understanding of this important topic can be achieved at the K/C level.

Proposed level for ESR 3a

National Security Space SystemsDescriptionGraduates will examine the roles, responsibilities, and relationships of National and DoD organizations in establishing policies, priorities, and requirements for National Security Space systems; and in the design, acquisition, operation, and exploitation of these systems.


Proposed level for ESR 3b

National Security Space SystemsDescriptionGraduates will examine the nature of space warfare (theory, history, doctrine, and policy); distinguish between the four JP 3-14 defined Space Mission Areas (Space Control, Space Support, Force Enhancement, Force Application); and interpret how current and planned space capabilities contribute to the satisfaction of these mission areas.


Proposed level for ESR 5d

CommunicationsDescriptionGraduates will differentiate, compare, and contrast the characteristics and capabilities of current and future communications systems in use or planned by Naval operating and Joint forces afloat and ashore.


Space Systems EngineeringCore Matrix



PH1121Mechanics





EC2820Digital Logic Circuits




EC2300Control Systems


EO2525Probabilistic Analysis

PH3052Remote Sensing

Track


EO3525Communications

Engineering

PH3360EM Wave Propagation Track





Operations


Space



I

EC3230Space Power

SS3035Microprocessors for

SpaceTrack


II



NW3275JMO Part 1



NW3285NSDM

NW3276JMO Part 2

Prerequisite

P - Code

Degree

JPME


Specialization


Science



PH1121Mechanics





ECEGROUND




SEGMENT


ECECOMMS &

PHYSICSEO & IR

Track


SIGINT PAYLOADS

PAYLOADSTrack





Operations


Space



I

EC3230Space Power Track Track


II



NW3275JMO Part 1



NW3285NSDM

NW3276JMO Part 2

Prerequisite

P - Code

Degree

JPME

New Course


Specialization


Science

Space Systems Engineering Possible Modified Matrix

Degree Requirements

• Students can earn degrees in one of several areas and each degree has their own requirements.

1. Astronautical Engineering2. Physics3. Electrical Engineering4. Mechanical Engineering5. Computer Science

• Students can earn different levels of degrees1. Master’s Degree2. Engineer’s Degree3. Dual Degree4. PhD

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5. Academic Design


7. Conclusion

Agenda

Quantitative Aspects1. Fit and fill difficult to influence without space

cadre becoming a naval community.

2. Class size of 10• Most graduates are URL and required to return to operational

billets• Others are from joint services or civilian.• 3 students headed to billets at NRO after graduation.

3. APC insufficient as a decision tool, transcripts ALWAYS reviewed.

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

QuotaFills Min Class Size

38

Space Systems Engineering (591) Navy Quotas vs. Fills

39

Space Systems Engineering (591) Masters Graduates by CY

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110

5

10

15

20

25Civilian

USA

USMC

USAF

USN

40

Space Systems Engineering (591) Masters & PhD Graduates by Service

Totals

CivilianUSMCUSAFUSAUSN

20062007

20082009

20102011

20122013

20140

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16 CivilianUSMCUSAFUSAUSN

Take away:Students from other services are vital to the success of our program

41

Space Systems Engineering (591) Masters & PhD Naval Graduates by Community

20062008

20102012

20140

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16 IP IW AEDO EDO AV SUB SWO

Totals SWO SUB AV EDO AEDO IW IP

Take away:URLs make up less than half of our Navy students.

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5. Academic Design


7. Conclusion

Agenda

591 Graduate ESR Satisfaction Survey

All Students % ESRs Meet or Exceed Desired

Level

Students w/Space Job

% ESRs Meet or Exceed Desired

LevelLast 2 Years (1/0) 78Last 5 Years (7/2) 81 81All Years (28/14) 77 76

Note: Specific numbers may not be statistically relevant due to small sample size.

Topic % Agreed• Overall excellent program 93

• High-quality space courses 88

• Thesis a valuable component 62

• Field trips a worthwhile aspect 98

• High-quality space faculty 93

• Responsive program officer 96

• Adequate student study space 100

591 Graduate Exit Survey

CONCLUSIONS

1. No courses need to be eliminated

2. Acquisition (MN3331) should be modified to reflect changes to DoD 5000

3. Emphasize systems engineering in design project

591 Graduate Exit Survey

1. Accreditation status• Degrees are accredited, not curricula.

2. Thesis quality and relevance

• Outstanding

3. Sponsor and NPS funding

• Critical

Academic Design & Execution

47





5. Academic Design


7. Conclusion

Agenda

SP Research Efforts in 591

Objective: Provide space weather products and research into ionospheric physics.

Challenges: Integration of 8 experiments onto micro-satellite platform.

Status: STP-2 medium launch vehicle July 2014

Title: NPS Spacecraft Architecture & Tech Demo SatelliteStudents: VariousPI: Rudy Panholzer

Objective: Provide launch vehicle integration capability for CubeSat community.

Challenges: COTS component integration and launch vehicle integration

Status: Scheduled for NRO L-36 launch in July 2012

Title: CubeSat Launcher Students: Mr. Vidur Kaushish

Ms. Wenschel LanPI: Jim Newman

Objective: Observe satellites or debris predicted to pass close to space assets

Challenges: Integration of Colony II bus and LLNL (Lincoln Labs) optical payload

Status: Scheduled for NRO L-36 launch in July 2012

Title: Space Situational Awareness Students: LT Vidal Lozada

LT Tolu O’Brien

Ms. Madison StudholmePI: Jim Newman

MAE Research Efforts in 591Objective: Deriving & Simulating N-CMG Pyramid full equations of motion

Challenges: Current lack of detail in CMG system equations of motion

Status: Project complete by December 2011

Title: CMG Mathematical ModelsStudents: Christine McManusPI: I. Michael Ross

Objective: Design, fabrication, analysis of single gimbal Control Moment Gyro

Challenges: Development of CMG from scratch


Title: CMG DevelopmentStudents: Kerri AckmanPI: I. Michael Ross

Objective: Autonomous vehicle movement w/o a priori knowledge of obstacles

Challenges: COTS component integration and launch vehicle integration


Title: Autonomous vehicle Students: Travis BatemanPI: I. Michael Ross

Objective: Fully-autonomous, optimized-trajectory flight while tracking a target/object

Challenges: Implementation of SLUGS chip on Aerial Autonomous Vehicle


Title: Autonomous vehicle Students: Marta SavagePI: I. Michael Ross

Objective: Develop autonomous satellite tasking and maneuver algorithm

Challenges: Automation of a manual process with an increase in performance

Status: Initial planning

Title: Satellite ManeuveringStudents: Jeff KingPI: I. Michael Ross

50





5. Academic Design


7. Conclusion

Agenda

2011 Space Systems Engineering Curricula Review Conclusions

1. Program produces qualified and competent graduates

2. Curriculum supports sponsor’s needs

3. No matrix modifications recommended• Modify existing courses to meet ESR changes.

4. Make minor changes to ESRs

2011 Action Items

Action Item Action POC Status Notes

1. Design and implement new course addressing spacecraft payload issues.

Program Officer

OPEN. - Course prepared, but no room in the matrix to implement it. Recommend incorporating payloads in other courses as discussed.

2. Modify ESR 4d to reflect changes to space acquisition instructions. SME OPEN.

- New ESR proposed

3. Reduce Bloom’s Taxonomy level to Knowledge/Comprehension for ESRs 2c, 2g, 3a,3b, and 5d

SME OPEN. - New ESR proposed

4. Minor changes to wording of ESRs 3e, 3f, 5e,6a, 7a, and 7b. SME

OPEN. - New ESR proposed

2011 Space Systems EngineeringCurricula Review Executive Summary

1. Space Systems Engineering Program is on solid footing• ESRs accurately capture skills required by National Security Space

Professionals in Navy & other services/agencies• Courses mapped to every ESR

1. Demonstrates robust coverage of ESRs2. Ensures ESRs covered at the appropriate level3. Allows faculty to have ownership of specific ESRs

2. Continuous improvement continuous• New payload course developed

1. Would take space in an already full matrix2. Would need to go through Academic Council process prior to

implementation• Several courses being migrated to two-course sequence

1. PH3052, PH3360: culminate in EO/IR payload topics2. EO2525, EO3525: culminate in COMINT/SIGINT payload topics3. EC2820, SS3035: culminate in Ground Segment topics

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Back up slides

55

Space Systems Engineering (591) Masters Graduates by CY

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 TotalsUSN 8 8 9 11 10 13 10 11 1 81USN SWO 2 2 1 2 3 4 4 2 0 20USN SUB 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 0 6USN AV 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 10USN EDO 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 0 26USN AEDO 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 1 14USN IW 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1USN IP 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 4USA 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 2USAF 2 5 1 3 2 0 1 1 1 16USMC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Civilian 1 0 0 1 2 2 5 1 1 13Total 11 13 10 16 14 15 16 14 3 112

Challenges

1. Sponsorship for TS/SCI network access

• Effects those looking to work on a classified thesis

2. Polygraph appointments backlogged

• Only effects those going to NRO after graduation.

Bloom’s Taxonomy Knowledge / Comprehension Examples

• Identify, define and compute the Classical Orbital Elements

• List the mission elements SMAD identifies as part of every space mission architecture

• Describe the various spacecraft subsystems

• Compute the delta-V necessary for an orbital transfer from a LEO parking orbit to GEO

• Explain the relationship between orbit characteristics and sensor performance (resolution, persistence, revisit, access area, etc.)

• Explain common trade-offs between spacecraft subsystems (pointing, slewing, power, communications throughput, etc.)

Bloom’s Taxonomy Application / Analysis Examples

• Generate candidate spacecraft / architecture designs to satisfy mission requirements

• Analyze, evaluate and select the preferred design according to criteria / MOE /MOP developed during the design process

• Support this selection using quantitative and qualitative arguments in a critical environment

Bloom’s Taxonomy Synthesis / Evaluation Examples

Objectives• NPSCL is being developed to solve the problem of access to

space for US Government, US University, and US commercial CubeSats and is being developed in the context of NPS student education.

• Enabling technology for access to space (via U.S. launchers)• Urgent & prolonged need for military space professionals• Need to foster innovation in universities for DOD-relevant

science & technology• Relatively affordable and timely DoD technology

demonstration

Description• NPSCuL can attach to any ESPA-compatible, 15

inch bolt hole circle.• NPSCuL has been manifested on NRO L-36, in

early 2012. The Aft Bulkhead Carrier (ABC) sits on the aft end of an Atlas V Centaur and is ESPA-compatible for mounting auxiliary payloads, up to a certain size and about 175 lbs mass.

• At the appropriate time during insertion, either before or, most likely, after deployment of the primary payload, the CubeSats can be deployed by sequential opening of the P-POD doors.

Student Involvement (current students underlined):• LT Matt Crook LT Anthony Harris• LT Christina Hicks Mr Vidur Kaushish• LT Adam DeJesus Ms Wenschel Lan (PhD

candidate)• Summer internsSchedule: • 2010 prelimary structural qualification

at ABC loads• 2011-12 final qualification• 2012-01 P-POD integration• 2012-07 ~NRO L-36 launchContact Info:PI: Jim Newman, Professor, Space Systems, NPS

[email protected] (831) 656-2487

NPSCuL Concept

NPS CubeSat Launcher (NPSCuL)

Student Involvements (current students underlined):Thesis Students:

LT Jason Flanagan LT Tolu O’BrienLT Vidal Lozada Ms Madison Studholme

Schedule: • 2011-09 EDU model delivery from Boeing• 2011-11 Integration build complete• 2012-07 launch NRO L-36Contact Info:PI: Jim Newman, Professor, Space Systems, NPS

[email protected] (831) 656-2487

Space Telescope for the Actionable Refinement of Ephemeris (STARE) – • based on Boeing Colony II Bus and LLNL optical P/L

Space Situational Awareness (SSA)

Technical ObjectiveSSA STARE is a joint LLNL, Texas A&M University and NPS project that will provide space situational awareness by: • Observing satellites or debris predicted to pass close to

vulnerable space assets• Transmitting images and positions of the observations to

the ground• Refining orbital parameters of observed objects to

reduce uncertainty in conjunction analysisTechnical Approaches:• Student Theses and Directed Study Projects• Collaboration with LLNL and TAMU to integrate payload

and test

NPS Objectives:• Integration of Boeing’s Colony II Bus and LLNL optical

payload• NPS-delivered integration board is complete• Vibration and thermal testing of EDU and flight unit• Testing of Colony II Bus

Deliverables:• Provide “hands on” educational opportunities for space

cadre and other disciplines in the fields of CubeSat integration and testing

• After launch, collaboration with Mobile CubeSat Command and Control (MC3) to receive and analyze data from satellite

space systems engineering curriculum review

Documents

curriculum purpose summary

national security space

materials dynamicsguidance

managerial education

lcdr henry

esr titles

npstour lengths

concept of nss