CIVIL CODE

CIVIL CODE

CHAPTER II

Application of legal rules

Article 3

1.Rules shall be construed according to the proper meaning of their wording and in connection with the context,

with their historical and legislative background and with the social reality of the time in which they are to be applied,

mainly attending to their spirit and purpose.

2.Equity must be taken into account in applying rules, but the resolutions of the Courts may only be based exclusively

on equity when the law expressly allows this.

CHAPTER II

On the essential requirements for the validity of contracts

GENERAL PROVISION

Article 1261 There is no contract unless the following requirements are present:

1.

Consent of the contracting parties.

2.

A certain object which is the subject matter of the agreement.

3.

Cause of the obligation established

Article 1544

In the lease of works or services, one of the parties undertakes to execute a work or provide a service to the other

for a certain price.

Article 1137

The coincidence of two or more creditors or two or more debtors in a single obligation shall not imply that each of them is entitled to request or that each of them must perform in full the things constituting the subject matter thereof.

This shall only take place where the obligation expressly determines it, being created as a joint and several obligation.