spanish period last
TRANSCRIPT
East meets West Spanish Period
Ueseni Gunsi-Gabriel
Reasons for colonization
1. the extension of faith2. increase of dominion 3. glory – Spain vs. Portugal4. riches
Reasons for Explorations
1. Gospel2. Gold 3. Glory
Spice Trade
Spices add flavor to drab European food in the 16th century
Bartering for spices in a marketplace of a German city in the 16th century
Spices were in demand in Medieval Europe to mask the unpleasant odor and tasteof decomposing food
16th century European cargo boats Transporting spices and produce
Source:http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/tropical/lecture_35/lec_35.html
Attraction of Spices in Antiquity
Magical rites and spells Purification ceremonies and embalming Fragrances & perfumes Flavoring & condiments Food preservation Curatives, aphrodisiacs, vermifuges Poisons Spices (especially cloves, pepper, saffron,
nutmeg) become great source of wealth in the 4th to 5th century.
Middle Ages
Commerce between Europe and East limited Moslem Arabs controlled the spice trade Venice became great power and controlled the
Adriatic and grew rich based on its trade with the east
Information on spices came from famous travelers Rabbi Benjamin (1160-1173) Europe, Africa, and Asia Marco Polo (1254-1324) Venetian visited the Kublai
Khan in China and brought back secret source of spices. Describes Silk Road and seas routes to India
Plague outbreaks in 14th century increased value of spices
Magellan’s route
Patronato Real
Kapangyarihan ng Hari na pumili ng mga clergy
Union of Catholic Church and State Divine Right Theory of Kings
Patronato Real
Church Evangelization of the
natives Recognizing the right
of Spaniards to colonization
State Promote and
maintain peace and order
Promote, maintain and defend Catholic faith
Extract tribute and finance costs of missionary works / stipend
http://www.slideshare.net/vballano/philippine-history-the-spanish-colonization
Catholic Church
1. Augustinians, 15652. Franciscans, 15773. Dominicans, 15874. Jesuit, 15815. Recollects, 16066. Capucchins
PAOAY CHURCH
Reduccion / Reduksyon / Plaza Complex
Political Structure, Spanish Period
Encomienda System
Encomienda Miguel Lopez de Legaspi Ito ay hango sa salitang Espanyol na encomendar na nangangahulugang “ipagkatiwala.”
Binuwag noong 1674 encomendero
Puropose ng Encomienda
1. To organize the colony2. To indoctrinate the
natives Teach Catholic doctrines
2 Uri ng Encomienda
1. Royal o Crown. Ito ay tumutukoy sa mga malalawak na
lupain sa mga baybay-dagat na pagmamay-ari ng Hari ng Espanya.
Dahil malapit ito sa mga karagatan, mayayaman ang mga lupaing ito at may masiglang kalakalan.
Halimbawa ng royal encomienda ay ang Malabon, Navotas, Santa Ana at Bagumbayan.
2. Pribado. Ito ay ang mga lupain na opisyal na
itinatalaga ng Hari ng Espanya sa mga tapat niyang alagad na naglilingkod sa Filipinas.
Halimbawa ng pribadong encomienda ang Sampalok, Pandakan, Batangas at Bataan.
Source: http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Sistemang_Encomienda
Economic1. Polo y servicio
Prestacion Personal ay hango sa sistemang Repartimiento de Labor na ipinatupad ng Espanya sa Mexico
sapilitang pagpapatrabaho sa mga lalaking Pilipino at Mestizo Tsino na may edad na labing-anim (16) hanggang animnapu (60) sa loob ng 40 araw
Falla – ½ reales
July 26, 1523, King Charles V “Indians who had been pacified should contribute a MODERATE AMOUNT in recognition of their vassalage (Cushner, 1979:101)”
2. Tribute
3. Kalakalang Galyon
Mas kilala bilang Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade
1565 (?) – 1815 Boletas – space in the ships Many of the ships were built in the
shipyard in Cavite, but others were built in Mindoro, Pangasinan, Iloilo and Marinduque.
Produkto ng Kalakalang Galyon
1. Porcelain2. Lacquer ware3. Spices4. silk
Silver 8 real coin of Philip V of Spain, 1739
Social Classes
1. Peninsulares
Mga Kastilang ipinanganak sa Espanya
2. Insulares
3. Mestizo / Kriolyo Spanish-Filipino
mestizo costume, 1800s
Spanish-Filipino mestizo costume, 1800s
Chinese-Filipino mestizo costume, 1800s
4. Indio
5. Chinese pure-
blooded Not
converted to Catholic faith
UNA BULAQUEÑAni Juan Luna1895
Education
Edukasyon
Christian Doctrine / Latin Missionaries Pribilehiyo Magkahiwalay ang babae at lalake Science at Math ay di masyadong
itinuro
Schools for Boys
1. School for boys in Cebu,1565 by the Augustinians
2. Colegio de San Ignacio,1589 by the Jesuits in Manila
3. Colegio de San Idelfonso" in Cebu in 1595 (Jesuits)
4. Colegio de San Jose (1601)5. 1589, Escuela Pia
6. University of Santo Tomas,1611 by the Dominicans
7. San Juan de Letran, 1630,Dominicans established for the orphaned boys.
School for Girls
1. Colegio de Santa Potenciana was the first school and college for girls. This was opened in 1589
2. Colegio de Santa Isabel opened in 1632. 3. Beaterio - for orphaned girls who could
not afford to educate themselves. The subjects taught were housekeeping,
cooking, sewing and embroidery-making, and others intended for good housekeeping.
Educational Decree 1863
The first educational system for students in the country was established by virtue of the Education Decree of 1863.
required the government to provide school institutions for boys and girls in every town.
As a consequence, the Spanish schools started accepting Filipino students. It was during this time when the intellectual Filipinos emerged.
The Normal School was also established which gave men the opportunity to study a three-year teacher education for the primary level.
Ateneo Municipal
Side entrance of the old University Santo Tomas in Intramuros