spark 1 grammar

103
Express Publishing

Upload: tanya-shahova

Post on 15-Jul-2015

5.312 views

Category:

Education


1.504 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Spark 1 grammar

~~ Express Publishing

Page 2: Spark 1 grammar

AI An - The -ill The Indefinite Article 'A/An' The Definite Article 'The' • We use an before words which begin with • We use the definite article the

a vowel (at e, it 0, u). on erosel

• We use a before words that begin with a consonant (b, C, d, f t 9. h, j, k, I, rn, n, P, ~ q, " S, t, V, w, X, y, z). Q pencil ~

• We use a/an with Singular countable nouns when we

talk about something for the first time.

talk about something specific, for

example when the noun is mentioned for a second time or is

already known. In other words,

when we can answer the question 'Who?' or 'Which?',

It is a bicycle.

• We also use a/ an after the phrases This is .. ./That is ... ./ There is ", and when we want to say what somebody/something is or what someone's job is. I can see a notebook.

She is a The notebook il blue.

This is a dog. (Which notebook? The specific notebook

in the picture.)

1 a) Use a/ an and the words In the list to fill In the gaps, as In the example.

• book • atlas • pencil sha rpener • school bag • ru ler • eraser • notebook • pencil

( 1 0 schoolbog )

( 2 HHHHHHHHH )

( 3 HHHHH.HHHH )

( 4 HHHHHHHH )

( 5 HHHHHHHH )

( 6 HHHHUHH)

( 7HHHHHHHH )

( 8 HHHHHHHH' )

b) Look at Ex. la and write sentences, as In the example.

1 This is a sChoolbog. The schoolbog is purple.

2 Fill In a/an, as In the example. .

1 on apple 2 ....... cat 3 ....... eagle

4 ....... egg 5 ....... bird 6 ....... balloon

3 Fill In with 0, on or the.

1 This is ....... pen ........ pen is red.

2 ....... Spanish flag has three stripes.

3 There is ....... orange book on ....... desk.

4 ....... school is open today.

4

Speaking Point to objects around you and

make sentences, as In the example.

A. This is a ruler. The ruler is blue. elc MODULt: 1

5

Page 3: Spark 1 grammar

~ The verb 'to be'

,",OOUl(1

6

I am we are I'm we're

you are you are you're you' re

he is

} he's

} Are you from Italy?

He l /ames and she 's Sue. she is they are she's they're No, I'm not. I'm from

They are sixteen years old. it is it's Mexico.

I am not I'm not Am I ... ? Yes, I am . No, I'm not.

you are not you aren' t Are you ... ? Yes, you are . No, you aren 't.

he is not he isn' t

{ he ... ? Yes, he is. No, he isn't .

she is not she isn't Is she ... ? Yes, she is . No, she isn' t .

it is not it isn't it ... ? Yes, it is . No, it isn't .

we are not we aren't

{ we ... ? Yes, we are . No, we aren't.

you are not you aren' t Are you ... ? Ves, you are. No, you aren't .

they are not they aren't they ... 1 Yes, they are . No, they aren 't .

• We do not repeat the whole question in short answers. We only use Yes or No, the su bject

pronoun and the appropriate verb form .

• We use the long form of the verb to be in positive short answers.

Is he a student ? Yes, he;j (NOT: Yes, Ri4.) • We use the short form of the verb to be in negative short answers.

1

Are you from Fronce} No, I'm not.

Fill In 'm/am, 'sjis, 're/ore, as

In the example.

1 I 'm/ am t hirteen.

2 He ................ Russian.

3 They .............. .. sisters.

4 She ................ from Greece.

5 Ben and Paul ............. English.

6 You .......... ...... 18 years old.

7 Sarah ...... ....... my best fr iend.

S We .... ...... ... .. . friends .

9 laura and Ann .............. twins.

10 He ................ Portuguese.

11 It ............... a pink pencil case.

12 Jane ................ from london.

2 Complete the sentences with is, am or are.

Dear Juanita,

How 1} ... .......... . you? I 2) .............. fine. I like my new school. The leachers 3} ...... ........ very nice and the Science teacher 4) ... ..... .. .. .. my favourite. My best friends 5) .... .......... Helen and Ann. Th~y 6) ....... .. .... . from England. They 7) .............. In the same class as me. My favourite school

subjects 8} ........ .. .... History and Art. What about you? Please write soon.

Love, Sarah

Page 4: Spark 1 grammar

3 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

4 1

Underline the correct form of the verb

to be.

We isn 't/aren' t best friends.

Is/Are they from France?

"Is this your rule r?" "Yes, it's/ is."

They' re/'s in my class.

He's from Scotland. He isn't / aren't from England.

She are/ is a teacher.

"Are you thirteen?" "Yes, I islam." You is/are good at History.

Fill in with: are, is, '5, 're, 'm, aren't or

isn't.

A: How old .............. your siste rs?

B: Mary ............ twelve and Linda ... ........ . nine.

2 A: .......... .... he good at football?

B: No, he ........... He .......... good at tennis. 3 A: Where ...... ...... you from?

B: I .......... from Brazil. I .......... Brazi lian.

4 A: What time ..... ......... it?

B: It .............. two o'clock. 5 A: ..... ......... they from Australia?

B: No, they ......... ...... They .............. from Germany.

6 A: Who .............. she?

B: She ........... Katie. She .......... my friend.

5 Put the words in order to make

sentences.

1 are/Australia/we/from We are from Australia .

2 friends/are/best/my/they

.......... .. .................................................... 3 a/are/student/you?

........... .. .. ................... ...............................

4 old/she/twelve/years/is

5 from/is/Portugal/he?

.. ........................... ....................................

The verb 'to be' -m 6 Look at the pictures and the notes.

Then complete the exchanges, as In

the example.

-"". 1 Lucy:

Michael:

2 Lucy:

Michael:

3 Michael:

Alison :

4 Alison:

Lucy:

5 Alison:

Lucy:

6 Michael:

Lucy:

Lucy 13, Music, China

, I

Michael 15, SCience, America

Where are you from, Michae/?

I am from America.

. ................... A/ison from America?

No, she ............... She ................ .

from Italy.

.............. you fifteen, Alison?

No, I ....... / ........... fourteen.

.............. you thirteen, Lucy?

Yes, I ............ ..

What ..... .. ...... .. ........ your favourite

school subject, Lucy?

It .. ............ Music.

................ Alison's favourite school

subject Science?

No, it .. .......... It .......... English.

7 Match the questions to the answers.

IT[] Are you good at History?

[ID Is today Saturday?

[IT] Are they from Scotland?

[iD Is Martin you r brother?

~ Is she a student at my school?

a Yes, she is.

b No, he isn't.

c Yes, I am.

d No, it isn't.

e No, they aren't.

MODlJLE 1

7

Page 5: Spark 1 grammar

~ The verb 'to be'

~ODULll

8

8

1

2

3

4

9 1

look at the pictures. Ask

and answer, as In the

example.

A: B: A: B:

A: B:

A: B:

2

/J

Is it an apple?

No, it iSfl'1. It's a banana. ..................... they ru lers?

No, ............................... .

........................... pencils. ...................... a student?

No, ...... ..... .................... . ........................ a teacher.

..................... your uncle?

No, ............................. .. .

................... ... .... my dad.

Write the questions for the

answers, as In the example.

A: Are you French'

B: No, I'm not French. I'm

Spanish.

2 A: ....................................... 7 B: Yes, I am. I'm in year 8.

3 A: B:

........ ............................... , Yes, they are. They are

from Greece.

4 A: ....................................... 7

B: Yes, I am. My brother is fourteen, too.

10 Look at the table. Then write the short answers.

1 Is laurie fifteen years old?

2 Is Mark Canadian?

3 Are Mark and Andrew

sixteen yea rs old?

4 Is Krista Canadian?

5 Are Andrew and l aurie

French?

Name Age Nationality

Krista 15 English

laurie 17 Canadian

Andrew 16 American

Mark 16 French

11 Complete the text. Use the correct form of the

verb to be.

Hi Jeff, This 1) I:) Dimitri. We 2) .... ..... best friends. He 3) ......... 13 and he 4} ......... from Russia. He 5) ......... good at badminton because it 6) ......... his favourite sport, but he 7) ......... good at basketbal l. His favourite colour 8) ..... .. .. red. His favourite subjects 9) ......... Art and le T, bul he 10) good at Maths. Who is your best friend? Write soon . Bill

Speaking 12 In pairs, ask each other questions. Ask about:

• age • nationality • favourite sport

• favourite colour • favourite subjects

A: Are

B: No, 'TI not I m welve

k All r Ena!l5h 7 B: No I'm not. I'm

Spom h e'c

Writing 13 Use your partner 's answers to write a short text

about him / her. Use Ex. 11 as a model.

Prllll i~ C' :1. He 's FT)m Sp[)I'1. 1; tavvuflte

Page 6: Spark 1 grammar

Personal Subject/Object pronouns ~

I/ me You/ you She/ her

, He/ him

ft ~,

we/ us )

-+ always with a capital letter you • in the singular and plural for both forms

we he -+ for a man or a boy me

you you she - + for a woman or a girl you

he } she

it

they it • for an an imal or a thing

we -+ for people

they - + for people, animals or th ings

him} her it

1 Look at the pictures and fill In the subject or object pronoun, as In the example.

1 l ook at it. It is a noteb'ook. 4 Look at ............ .

............ is French.

2 Look at .... ... ..... .

........... . is a doctor. Look at ............ .

............ is a footba ll.

3 Look at ....... ..... .

......... .... ... are

da ncers. 6 look at .............. .

. ...... ..... are balloons.

,i

us

you

them

MODUU l

9

Page 7: Spark 1 grammar

~ Personal Subject/Object pronouns

MODULE 1

10

2 Complete the sentences with object

pronounJ.

1 Carl is a good footballer. look at ......... (he)

2 Give the penci l to .............• please. (I)

3 Play hockey wi th .............. (we)

4 Open the bag for ............. , please. (she)

5 Read the book to .............. (they)

3 Replace the words In bold with a

subject or object pronoun, as In the

example.

1 My favourite colour is purple.

like purple.

2 How old is Maria?

3 Alan and Angela are friends.

4 This is julie. Julie and I are

friends.

5 Jenny and Cla ire are sisters. look at Jenny and Claire.

6 Look at Brian and me. We are

twelve yea rs old. 7 Look at James. James is from the

UK.

8 Alonso is from Italy. Alonso is

Italian.

4 Choose the correct subject or object

pronoun.

1 This is my dog. It/ I is black and white. 2 This is lane. He/ She is ten years old.

3 Paul is my best friend. I like he/ him very

much.

4 This is my school bag. They/ It is red.

5 Pedro and Eduardo are here. Come and

meet him/ them.

6 Look at Amanda and Mark. He/ They are

twins.

7 Here is Joanne. She/ We are best friends.

8 Look at him/ her. He's my brother Esteban.

s Complete the sentenc:es about you and

finish with an object pronoun.

1 Mn Brown is my favourite teacher. I like

her.

2 ....................... is my favourite subject. I'm

good at .............. . .

3 ............... is my brother. Look at .............. .

4 ....................... is my favouri te co lour. I like

5 ....................... are my best friends . Look at

6 Complete the text. Use the c:orrec:t

subject and object pronouns.

15 1) 'm from the . Donna I am . .. ...... . Myname 1s, ' m SA 2) ......... am good at Music. 3) ......... S Y

U . . ) m also good at Art and favourite subject. 4 ......... a

. 6) .'m not good at Science. I like 5) ..... ..... . ...... . h My Art teacher is Mr Watson. 7) ........ ..

Geograp y. . M best friend IS . good teacher. I hke 8) .......... Y IS a . ood at ICT S d a 9) is 14. 10) ......... IS g . an r . .. ....... What about you?

Speaking

7 Ask each other questions to fill in the

table.

Name

Country

Favourite subject

Favourite teacher

Best fr iend

Age

Writing

8 Write a short paragraph about yourself.

Use Ex. 6 as a model.

and I am fram .. .

Page 8: Spark 1 grammar

Exploring Grammar (Units 1-3)

• The verb ' to be '

1 Read the text and underline all the short forms of the verb to be. Then write the long forms.

My name's George and I'm from Greece. I'm nineteen

years old and I'm a student in London. My best friend is

Marco. He's twenty and he 's from Greece, too. 1) Marco's

an athlete and he's very good. He's at the same college as

me. My sisters, 2) Tonla and Marla, are in London, but they

aren't at my college. Maria's sixteen and she's at school

and 3) Tonla 's a Singer in a group. 4) My sisters and I are

good friends with Marco .

2 Fill in with is, isn't, are or aren't.

, Georg8 ................................ from london. 2 Marco and George ..... ... .............. brothers.

3 George ............................. Maria's brother.

4 Marco and George ...................... students.

5 Marco .......................... nineteen years old.

6 Maria and Tonia ...................... at the same

3

college as George.

a) Answer the questions, as in the

example.

1 Is Marco an athlete?

Yes, hE is. 2 Are Marco and George at college in Greece?

.................................................................. 3 Is Tonia at college?

4 Are George and Marco best friends?

5 Are Marco and Mafia singers in a group?

6 Is Marco from Greece?

b) When do we use long forms In

short answers?

4

• A/ An - The

a) Look at the text and make true

sentences.

Marco student

Maria is a actor

George isn't an singer

Tonia athlete

5

b) Circle all the articles in the text.

When do we use a / an and when do we

use the? Give more examples.

Fill In with a, an or the.

1 George is ............ student in London.

2 ............ girl in ............ picture is Tonia.

3 Is ............ cOllege in London?

4 Marco isn't .. ...... singer. He's ........ ath lete .

6

, 2

• Personal pronouns

a) Look at the words in bold in the

text in Ex . 1. Replace them with the

appropriate personal pronoun.

3

4 ...................... .

b) Which personal subject pronoun Is the same In the singular and the plural?

MODULE 1

11

Page 9: Spark 1 grammar

Revision (Units 1-3)

Circle the correct Item.

1 "Is he your dad?" 11 David Beckham is ...... English footballer.

"Yes, ...... is." A an B a C the

A it B she C he

12 "Are you a teacher?"

2 It's ...... schoolbag. "Yes, I ....... "

A 6 B a C an A 'm B are C am

3 "Are they students?" 13 What ...... your favourite colour?

"No, they ...... ," A am B is Care

A isn't B are C aren't

14 Is that ...... elephant?

4 ...... Paolo and Antonio brothers? A a B - C an

A Am 8 Are C Is

15 Look at Sarah and Sue. look at ...... .

5 Who are ...... ? A them B her C they

A him B them C they

16 This is a pencil case. . ..... pencil case is pink.

6 Where is ...... ? A The B A C An

A it B they C him

17 Sue and Bill are French ....... are from France.

7 This is ...... chair. A Them B They C We

A an B a C the

18 "Are you from Spain?"

8 "Are you from Canada?/I "Yes, ...... . "

liNo, I ...... ,11 A you are B they are C we are

A isn't B 'm not C aren't

19 "Is she your sister?"

9 ...... they from Spain? "No, she ....... "

A Are B Is C Am A aren't B isn't C is

'0 look at ....... They are happy. 20 "Are we late?"

A them B they C it "No, ....... "

A we are 8 you are C you aren 't

MODULE 1

12

Page 10: Spark 1 grammar

--~-~'"-'"-~~_.......JT[!h~e~V~erb 'have got' -J lane has got a basketball.

Has Mark got fmr lJair? No, he hasn 't. He's got brown hair.

We use the verb have got to: a) show that something belongs to somebody. b) describe the characteristics of people,

animals or things. Mrs Smith lIas got a daughter.

c) talk about relationships.

you } have got you } 'ye got

you } have not got

he

} he

} he

} she has got she 's got she has not got it it it

we

} we

} we

} you have got you 'ye got you have not got they they they

Have I / you I we I they got? { Yes, I I you / we / they have. No, I / you I we / they haven 't.

Yes, he I she / it has. Has he I she / it got? { No, he / she I it hasn't.

you } haven 't got

he

} she hasn't got

it

we

} you haven't got

they

NOTE: In short answers we do not use got.

NOTE:

He 's a teacher. (He is)

He 's got a cat. (He has)

1 Look at the plc:tures and fill In have ('ve), haven't, has ('s) or hasn't got, as in the example.

1 Sarah has gaU's got short red hair. She hasn 't got long brown hair.

2 Mark ........................ short hair and small brown eyes. He ........................ a beard.

3 Sue and Tom ........................ blue eyes. They

........................ brown eyes.

4 Tom ........................ very short hair. He

........................ brown eyes.

5 Kim and Sue ........................ short

hair. They ........................ long

hair.

6 Ben ...................... fa ir hair. He

..................... brown hair. He

..................... a moustache.

Page 11: Spark 1 grammar

§.1 The verb 'have got'

2 a) Look at the table and write

sentences, as In the example.

MOOUll ~

14

bicycle " , , " , " - .. -- -.-~---- -- -.- -------~--------" , " : , " " ~ _H ____ ~____ __ • _________ ~ _______ _

camera : X : .I : .I , X .--;0--- -~---------:-------- 1--------

skateboard 1 ./ X I X ,f

, 2

3

4

3 ,

rim has got a bicycle, trainers and a skateboard. He hasn't got 0 camera. .......... ... .... .................................................

b) Look at the table In Ex 2a. In pairs,

ask and answer questions, as in the

example.

A. Have Karen and John got bicycles?

B. Yes, they have. Has Tim got a camera? A. No he hasn't. ele

Put the words In the right order.

9 ot/b rown/ha i r / has/ she/ not/lon 9

2 fur/got/big/it/and/paws/has

3 have/Tony/ blue/got/and/Sam/eyes? ...... ....... .... .................................................

4 tails/ they/got/short/ have?

5 hair/your/got/teacher/has/grey

.................................................................. 6 long /have/ rhinos/tusks/got?

........ ................................................. ...... ...

4 Ask and answer, as In the example.

Ken

Alison

, Mark/dog' Ha.~ Mark gO! 0 dog?

No, he hosn I. He'~ gOl a -ap.

2 Maria/cap?

3 Kim and Ken/guitar?

4 Alison/bag?

5 Miguel/basketball?

Page 12: Spark 1 grammar

I The verb 'have got' ~

5 Fill in have ('ve), haven't, has ('s) or hasn 't, a s In the example.

1 A: Have you got a bicycle? 5 A: Sarah ................... got short hai r. She's

B: Yes, and I ................ got a helmet, too. got long hair.

2 A: ................... Deug got big eyes? B: Yes. She is beautiful. B: Yes, he .................. . 6 A: We ................... got two apples.

3 A: ................... Mary got thin lips? B: Yes! You .,' ................ got one and

B: No, she .................. . ................... got another.

4 A: ................... you got any video games? 7 A: ................... Bob got a computer? B: No, I .................. . B: No, he .................. .

6 Find and write six differences.

7

o

1 (hair) 4 (gloves) In picture A, the boy has got fair half In

pictule B, the boy ham 'l got . .. . .. .. .. ....... ..

................ . He has got ............................. .

2 (scarf)

3 (cap)

Speaking Describe your best friend

to the class.

Ben is tall and slim. He 's got

green eyes ..

8

5 (trainers)

6 (bicycle)

Writing Find a picture of a famous person In a magazine or

newspaper. Write a short description of this person.

Stick a picture.

justin Timber/ake is rail and thm. He's got brown hair and

blue eye~

I

MODUli ~

15

Page 13: Spark 1 grammar

~ Possessive adjectives

MODULE 2

16

1

~ my we

you - . your you

-. our

- your

• Possessive adjectives show: a) that something belongs to

somebody. ThIs IS my )kocf'boord.

he - . his they -. their b) the relationship between two

or more people. she --t her

it -. its He ;s their bnxhe,

• We put possessive adjectives before nouns . This is her house.

This my brother and

this is ollr dog.

Complete the table. Translate Into your

own language. 4 Write the p01Sessive adjectives, as In the

example.

Possessive Adjectives

1 1- ..................... . 5 it - .................... .

2 you - ................ . 6 we - ................. . 3 he - ................. . 7 you- ................ .

4 she - ................ . 8 they- ............... .

1 This basketball belongs to me. It's 1

basketball.

2 That car belongs to my dad. It's ......... car.

3 These trainers belong to my sister. They're

.. ....... trainers.

4 These bicycles belong to your family.

They're ......... bicycles.

2 Fill In, as In the example. 5 That house belongs to Tom and Mary. It's

......... house. 1 Her (she) gloves are blue and white. 2 ............... (they) school is very big.

3 Dan, are these ............... (you) sunglasses?

4 ......... ...... (we) dog is friendly.

5 ............... (he) brother plays basketball.

6 ............... (me) mum has got a bicycle.

7 ............... (you) scarf is on the table.

3 Underline the correct word in bold.

1 They/Their haven't got new trainers.

2 Our/ We school has got six classes.

3 Are they his/ he sunglasses?

4 She/ Her has got a comic book.

5 Haven't you got you/your gloves and scarf?

6 The dog can't run very fast. It/ Its legs are

short. 7 Victoria is I/ my sister.

S They/Thei r parents can speak German.

6 That digital camera belongs to me. It's

.. ....... camera.

7 Those sunglasses belong to you. They're

. ........ sung lasses.

8 This guitar belongs to my brother and me.

It's ......... guitar.

9 The watch belongs to left. It's ......... watch.

10 The notebooks belong to you and Mark.

5

They're ......... notebooks.

Speaking Work in groups. Each student points to

objects on the desk and makes

sentences, as in the example.

A I h Iy , out 1': I1d he e ar~ ( books.

(, r; s r hiS penCIl LOS~ etc

Page 14: Spark 1 grammar

• Most nouns take -s to form the plural.

a t 11'J ,ye helm Is

• Nouns ending in -5, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -0 takes -es to form the plural.

tv • buses. dre dresses.

ulhbruH1 • l 'J thbrushes. box ---- boxes, '}olato • pOla /oes

\'lal l Ii watches

• Nouns ending in a vowel + y take -s in the plural.

two boys

1 Complete the table, as in the example.

Singular Plural

1 tooth teeth 2 body 3 lives 4 match

5 beard 6 keys 7 scarf 8 day 9 babies

10 knife

11 shirts 12 watch

13 glove 14 shoe

I 15 mice 16 tomato

PluralS~

• Nouns ending in a consonant + y drop

the -y and take -ies in the plural.

a ioby h 0 babies

• Nouns ending in -f or -fe drop the -f or -fe

and take -ves in the plural.

1 11 J Ipa! r~' aves

man men woman women ch ild children foot feet tooth teeth mouse mice person people

2 Find 10 plural wo rds in the puzzle.

0 U 0 C H S C C 0 D L S S P 0 R P S P E E E L T T 0 S H B A S I A B M T C C R V M I C E E A A B U E E 0 E C S T R 0 5 S R E S U E 0 V D H E B 0 X E S E E E S U N G L A S S E 5 B R A R 5 H 0 E S R

Writ e them In t he lines below.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.....................•....................................................

........•.................................................................

.... ......................................................................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .......................... .

MOOULE 2

17

Page 15: Spark 1 grammar

~PluralS

3 Rewrite in the plural, as in the example.

1 It is a book. They are booh

2 It is a leaf.

" .

3 It is a butterfly.

4 It is a bus.

Writing

4 Rewrite the words In the plural In the

correct box.

• bike • box • lady • leaf • foot

• number • dress • ch ild • country

• photo • man • knee . tomato • nationality • friend • guitar * watch

• sport • scarf • mouse . prince

• hand • fox • glove • class • hobby

• abil ity • enemy • life

bik.es, .......... ... ...... ............ ............. . ,

bo~:e.s ............. ................................ .

ladies, .................... ..... .... ................ .

leave), ............................................. .

feel, ................................................ .

5 look at the p icture . Write down what yo u can see. Compare with your partner.

1

2

3 4

5

6

7

MODULll

18

I call see three ducks . ...........•..................... ...............

. ..................... . ... ............. .. .. .... ........ . .................. . ................ ..................

. .......................... . .............. .......... ....... . . .. ................... . ............ .... . ... ....... .

. .. .... ....... ............. . ............... ...... ...........

Page 16: Spark 1 grammar

l

This/These - That/Those -?Z..1

This - These

• We use this (singular)/ these (plural) to point to people, things and anima ls near us.

That - Those • We use that (singular)/ those (plural)

to point to people, things or animals far away from us.

is my These are my gloves .

That is my b;cycle. Those are my

• We use thi s/these and that/those in questions. We answer these questions with it or they. What's this/ that ? It 's a schoolbag. (NOT: TRis/Tlwt is 05€R90lhoq.)

What ore these/ those? They are schoolbags . (NOT: TReselTRose OFe 5ci:lE>Ellbegs.) • We can use t hi s to introduce people. John, th is is No /hon .

• We also use this on the phone to say who we are. Hello, this is lone Momson. ( an I speak to Ann, please?

1 Complete the sentences, as in the example.

1 This is a skaleboard and thot is a basketbal l.

~ ~~ 2 ...................... a guitar and .................... .

a piano.

3 ............... ....... -glcoves and ..................... . trainers.

2 Write the sentences in the plural, as in

the example.

1 This is a baby. These are babies.

2 That is a cat. .................................................... . ..... .......

3 This is a clock .

•............................... ................................ ..

4 That is a pen . . ......•..... . ....... .... .............. ........................ ...

5 Th is is a handbag. . ............ .............. .. ................. ............. ...... .

6 That is a woman . ................................................. .... .......... ..

7 This is a kn ife.

. ................................................................ . 8 That is a mouse .

..................................... ........................... .

Speaking 3 Work In pairs. Point to objects near or

l~:p~~~~_~far from you and make sentences.

I ). ~ • A: This is a rufer .

-4 .. ................. sunglasses and ................. .. caps.

B: Those are schoofbags. ete .5 . ..................... a car and ................... .. an aeroplane.

MOOUlt 2

19

Page 17: Spark 1 grammar

MOOULE2

20

• We use can to express ability.

• Can is the same in all persons. The negative of can is ca nnot or can' t.

can (NOT: J (eR R9t ... )

I 1 You I He I She l it I We I You I They can dance.

1/ You / He I She l it I We I You I They cannot/ can' t dance.

Can I 1 you I he I she I it I we I you I they dance?

Yes, I1 you I he I she I it I we I you I they can.

No, 1/ you / he I she I it I we I you I they can't . can ide blCYCI

1 What can you do? Look at the pictures

and tick ( .I) . Then say what you can or

can 't do .

1 swim [2] 2 climb 0

3 fly a plane D 4 d rive a car D

S play the guitar 0 6 dance D

2 a) Look at the table and fill In can or

can 't, ,

Samantha Robert Leo

play tennis ./ ./ )(

./

./ )(

)(

ride a bike ./ )(

speak Spanish ./ ./ d raw )( ./ dive ./ ./ rollerblade )( )( ~------~~.--~~--_./ 1 Robert ............... play tenn is, but he

................... rollerblade.

2 Samantha and Leo ................... draw, but

they ................... speak Spanish.

3 Leo .. .............. ... ride a bike, but he

... .............. .. dive.

4 Samantha ................ speak Spanish and she

................. dive, but she ................... draw.

S Robert and Samantha .................. . dive, but

they ................... rollerblade.

b) Look at the table again. In pairs,

ask and answer questions, as in the

example.

If Som'J( rho fide a bike?

Yes,. she can. A" Cm Robert and Leo speak Spanish .' 8 Vi they can. ele

Page 18: Spark 1 grammar

3 1

2

Put the words In the correct order to

make sentences, as In the example.

drive a car/he/can? (1(1 h t: a car7

English/very well/can/speak/ they

. ......... ... . .. , ' ... . .. .. ............... .............. .. ........ .

3 spin/can't/brother/your/a ball

..................................................................

4 can/Oavid /fly/Peter/and/a plane? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ............. .

5 my/balance/can(a/sister/on/ball ... .. ................................................ ....... ......

6 ski/parents/can/his?

4

1

2 J ,

..................................................................

Look at the pictures and follow the

lines . Then use the words to ask and

answer the questions, as In the

Oscar/play the guitar?

," J. J t gl JI

NI " ( III e an rtJlade Rosie and Nikki/ski?

Helen/dive?

Derek/ro llerb lade?

canJill

5 Complete the sentences with can or

can 't.

1 Penguins have got wings, but they ... .. ....... . fly.

2 Fish ........... .. swim, but they ............. walk .

3 A dolphin ............ sing, bu t it ............. talk.

4 Elephants ............. swim, but they ............ .

jump.

5 Wolves ......... .... climb trees, but they

.. ........... run very fast.

6 A zebra ............. sleep on its feet.

7 A monkey ............. sing, but it

climb a tree .

S A seagull ............. eat fish.

9 A parrot ............. talk, but it ............. sing.

lO A duck ............. swim but it ............. talk.

6 Answer the questions about you,

1 Can you swim? .. ..................................... ..

2 Can you ride a bicycle? ........................... ..

3 Can you balance on a ball? .... ........... ....... .

4 Can you fly a plane? ................................ ..

5 Can~urunfust? .... ...... ... ....................... .

6 Can you ski? .......... ............. ... ..... .... ....... ... .

7 Can you dive? ................ ......... ............. .... . 8 Can you climb a mountain?

Speaking

7 Work In pairs. Ask each other

questions about what you can do.

8

B "'

Writing Use your partner's answers to write

five sentences about what he/ she coni can 't do,

B ,., an pl'1Y tt gUltOI bur on f

MODULE 2

21

Page 19: Spark 1 grammar

Exploring Grammar (Units 4-8)

1 • Have got

a) Read the text and

write the correct na me. --Hi! My name's Dean. I'm 18 years old. I've 1 ................. . got long black hair and brown eyes, I'm tall and thin. My friends and I have got a rock band, I can play the guitar.

These are my best friends. T odd and Paul. Todd is t 6 years old, He's got short dark brown hair and his eyes are green. He's short and thin. Todd can darlCeIL,:c":c"'cc"cc",::",::" :c" )" and play the piano,

Paul is t 7 years old, He's got short fair hair and his eyes are blue. Paul is tall and thin, He can play the drums and he can sing.

b) Underline the have got forms In the

text. What are the equivalent negative

forms?

2 a) Read the t ext In Ex . la and answer

the fo llowing quest ions.

1 Has Dean got two best fri ends?

2 Has Todd got green eyes?

3 Has Paul got brown eyes?

4 Have Paul and Todd got short hair?

b) How do we form the short answers

of the verb have got? Which Is the

word we do not use?

• This/These - That/Those

3 Complete the rules.

L.." this/these b that/ those

1 We use ........ ......... .... .... fo r thi ngs near us. 2 We use .. ...................... for things far away

from us.

MODUU 2

22

• Possessi e adjectives

4 a) Circle the possessive adjectives in the text. What Is t he ir plural fo rm?

b) Complete the sentences with the

correct possessive adjective.

1 Mum has got a pet cat. ............. pet is a cat. 2 Dean. Todd and Paul have got a band that

plays rock music. ........... .. band plays rock

music. 3 My brother and I have got two friendly

dogs .............. dogs are friendly. 4 The house has got a beautiful ga rden .

............. garden is beautifu l.

5 • Plurals

Find three words In the plural in the text In Ex. 1 a. How do we form the

plural of nouns? Give more examples.

6 a) Write the words In the plural.

1 Mike has two .................... (watch). 2 Her ...... ... ........... (tooth) are very white!

3 She has got th ree diffe rent ........... (sca rf) . 4 The ....... .. .... .. ..... (glass) are on the ta ble.

7

1

b) Find the irregular plural in Ex . 6a. Write two more examples of irregular

plurals.

• Can

a) Read the text again. Find three examples of the can form . Which of

these activ ities <an you do?

b) Answer the following questions about yourself.

Can you drive a car? 2 Can you run fast? .......... .. ........ .... ............ ..

3 Can you play the guita r? .................... ..... .. 4 Can you swim ? ................. .. .................... .. 5 Can you dance? .......... ............ ................ ..

Page 20: Spark 1 grammar

Clrde the correct Item.

1 We have got two bathrooms in ...... house.

A we B our ( us

2 Fiona can run very fast. She's ...... athlete.

A a B the C an

3 My brother can play basketball. Can he play

with ...... ?

A we B our ( us

4 They ...... from England. They are French.

A isn't B aren't C haven't

S An elephant hasn't got a nose ....... has got

a trunk.

A It B They ( He

6 Dolphins ...... talk.

A can not B ean C can't

7 He can ride a bicycle but he ...... drive a car.

A can't B isn't C hasn't

8 ...... James got dark hair?

A Have B Hasn't C Has

9 There are two ...... in the cupboard in the

hall. A scarves B scarfs C scarfes

10 "What's your telephone number?"

...... .. 60322719." A He's B it's ( I'm

Revision (Units 1-8)

11 There isn't ...... eraser in the penci l case.

A the B an C a

12 Dolphins have got fins. They ...... got wings.

A isn't B aren't C haven't

13 The ...... aren't here. They're at the park.

A childs B chi ld C children

14 "Is Kevin nineteen?"

"No, he .. ..... He's eighteen."

A not B isn't C aren't

l S " ...... is my brother Tom."

A These B Those C This

16 "H Id 7" "I f rt .. ow 0 are you. .. .... ou een.

A 've got B 's C 'm

17 Wolves ...... grey and white fu r.

A has B are C have got

18 These are my friends from England.

names are Ben and Ann.

A Their B They C Them

19 "What are those?" .. ...... are seagulls."

A These B They C Those

20 I can see a notebook ....... notebook is red.

A An B A ( The

MOOUlll

23

Page 21: Spark 1 grammar

im There Is/There are

1

MOD\JL£ J

24

There is/There's a desk. There are two desks. Is there ... ? { Yes, there is.

There isn't a desk. There aren't two desks. No, there isn' t.

Is there a desk? Are there two desks? Are there ... ? { Yes, there are. No, there aren 't .

• We use there is to list things in the Singular.

(NOT: There are fridge, a cooker and a sink in the kitchen.)

• We use there are to list things in the plural.

There are hasn't got a short form.

(NOT: TRere're two chairs ... )

• In short answers we use Yes, there is/ are or No, there isn ' t l

aren 't . We do no t repeat the whole question.

(NOT: res, EReft' is 6 laek iR tRe kircl:j€R.)

Look at the picture and fill in there is/ there isn't and there are/there aren't. 2 Look at the picture again. U5e the

prompts to ask and answer questions,

as In the example.

1 bookcase/bedroom?

A: B:

2 lamp/desk? k ............................. .............................. . . B: ....................................... ... ................. .

3 paintings/wall?

k ................................. .. .

~ ......................................... .. ................. .

4 wardrobe/room?

1 ........... » ••••••••••••••• posters, but ............... . A: ............................................ ............ ...... .

...................... a mirror. ~ ............................................................ .

2 ............................... a bedside cabinet, but 5 curtains/window?

................................. a desk. k ..................... ........................ .

3 ... ......................... pillows, but ........... . B: .................................... .......... ... ........... .

....... ......................... a carpet. 6 carpet/floor?

4 ............................ an armchair, but .......... . A: ..... ......... ..... ... ........... ... .................. ...... .

................................ a sofa. B: ............................................. ........... ... . .

5 ............. : .............. a wardrobe, but ... ........ .

................................ a computer.

Page 22: Spark 1 grammar

There is/There are m 3

1

Rewrite the sentences, as In the

example.

There is a book on the table. (three)

2 There are two paintings in the hall. (one)

3 There isn' t a chair in the ga rden. (four)

4 There is a mug in the cupboard. (six)

5 There aren't three oranges in the fridge. (one)

6 There isn't a sink in the kitchen. ( two)

7 There are two sofas in the living room. (one)

8 There aren't five posters on the wall. (one)

4 1

Put the words in order to make

sentences.

fl owe rsl th e/ ga rden /there/ i n I a re

2 sofa/are/ the/cushions/on / there?

3 floor I second/ th e reI on/ba th room/ i sI a/ the?

4 the/ mirrors! aren 't/ two/ in /bathroom/there

5 is/bedroom/ca fpet/red/there! a/i n/the

6 ta bl e/isJi nf thel kite hen! al on/vase! th e/there ?

7 living room/are/armchairs/ there/ the/ in/ two

8 kitchen / isn't/a/upstairs/ there

S look at the two pictures and spot the differences. Write sentences, as In the example .

6

• mirror • boy • plant • cushion • cu rtains - girl • vase • mug • glass

• dog • painting - books • piano • flowers • cat - sofa

Speaking Work In pairs . Ask each other about

what there is/ are in the living room of

your house.

7 Writing Use the Information from the Speaking

activity to write a short paragraph

about your partner's living room.

MOOULl J

25

Page 23: Spark 1 grammar

~ A/An - Some/Any - The

1

MOOUlE J

26

The Indefinite Article I AI An '

• The indefinite article a/ an is used before singular countable nouns.

• We don't use a/ an with uncountable o r plural nouns. We can use some instead.

Some ! } • We use some in affi rmative sentences with uncountable nouns and

plural countable nouns. w ml SOI1l:J JI

Any • We use any in negative and interrogative sentences with both countable nouns in the plural,

and uncountable nouns.

NOTE: We use some in inte rroga tive sentences to make offers and requests. le (offer) le (request)

There are some pillows. There is some milk.

There aren't any pillows. There isn't any milk.

Are there a ny pill ows? Is there any milk?

Look at the pictures and the words and say what there Is/ l1n 't, ore/ aren 't In the pictures,

as In the example.

1 milk/tea 4 carrots/tomatoes

/,

2 strawberries/bananas 5 orange juice/apple juice

3 coffee /tea 6 cakes/bread

.... . ......... \ ................ ... ...... .

Page 24: Spark 1 grammar

2 Tick (I') the correct sentences. If a

sentence Is wrong, correct the mistake.

1 Have we got any pa intings?

2 Would you like ~ milk?

3 There aren't any chairs in the

kitchen.

4 Are there some windows in the

bedroom? 5 There is a lamp on the desk. A

lamp is blue.

6 Are there any fl owers in the

garden?

7 There isn't a bread.

me

3 Fill in some or any, as tn the example.

1 She hasn't got ~ gloves.

2 Would you like ....... ... ... biscuits?

3 He has ..... .... .... posters of footballers in his

bedroom. 4 There are ............. penci ls on my desk.

S There aren't .. .. ......... slippers under the bed.

6 We have got ............. new students in our dass.

7 There isn't ............. pizza!

8 Are there ............. sp iders in the bathroom?

4 Choose the correct Item.

1 Are there ...... cupboards in the kitchen?

A any B some C a

2 There isn't ...... desk in my bedroom.

3

A any B some C a

There are

A any

...... pillows on the bed.

B some C a

4 There aren't ...... stairs in the hall.

A any B some C a

5 There is ...... armchair in the living room.

A any B some C an

A/ An - Some/Any - The ~

5 Underline the correct Item.

1 Is there any/ a mirror in the bathroom?

2 There are some/ any posters on the wall.

3 There isn't a / some carpet on the floor.

4 Are there any/ some pillows on the bed?

5 There aren't any/ some chairs in the living

room.

6 Is there some/ a bedside cabinet in the

bedroom?

7 There aren't some/ any bedrooms downstairs.

8 There are any/ some plants in the garden.

9 Is the re a / some kitchen upstairs?

10 Are there any/ some towels in the bathroom?

6 Complete the dialogues with a(n), some

or any.

A A: Have you got 1) ... ........ ... posters In

your bedroom?

B: Yes, I've got 2) .............. posters of

animals, but I haven' t got 3) ............. .

pictures of people.

B A: Do you have 1) .............. souvenirs from

London?

B: Yes, I've got 2). .... ..... .... pens and

3) ....... ... .... T-shirts.

A: Have you got 4) .............. mugs?

B: No, but I have 5) .............. nice cups.

C A: Is there 1) .............. apple juice?

B: I'm afraid there isn't 2) ............. .

Would you like 3) ........... ... orange juice

instead?

A: Yes, please.

D A: t haven't got 1) .............. pens. Can you

lend me one?

B: I'm afraid I haven't got 2) ............. .

pens. Do you want 3) .............. pencil

instead?

A: Yes, please.

MOOUl( )

27

Page 25: Spark 1 grammar

~ A/An - Some/Any - The

MODULE)

28

7 Ask and answer questio ns, as in the

example.

1 pillows/on the bed? - Yes

2 cooker/in the kitchen? - Yes A: ............................................................ . B: ........ .................................................... .

3 paintings/in the bedroom? - No

A: ...................................... ............. . B................

4 sofalin the living room? - Yes A: ....................... ..................................... .

& ....................... ..................................... .

5 windows/in the hall? - No

8

A: ............................................................ .

B: ............................................................ .

Write questions, then answer them

about you.

1 there/are/posters in your bedroom?

2 there/is/fridge in your kitchen?

..................................................................

3 there/are/chairs in your living room?

4 there/are/paintings in your hall?

..........•••.....................................................

5 there/is/armchair in your living room?

..................................................................

6 there/is/cooker in your kitchen?

............... ; .... , ... ,., ... ,.,.,.,.,.,., ... ,., ... ,.,.,.,., .....

.. ,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,."., .. ,.,., ............. ,',.,.,., ••........• ,.,.

9 Fill in 0, on, some or ony.

Hi Doug, I have a big bedroom. It's blue. Blue is my favourite colour. There is 1) ..... " .. ". big bed in my room and there are 2) ... " ....... pillows on it. There is 3) """"'''' desk, but there isn't 4) "" ... "". bookcase in my room, There is also 5) " ... ""." armchair and 6) " .... " .. " curtains in front of the window. There aren't 7) .. " ... "". paintings on the wall, but there are 8) .... " ... ". posters. There are 9) ... "" ..... toys in a box, but there isn't 10) ... "" ... " carpet on thef!oor. What's your favourite room? Write soon, Jack

Speaking 10 look at this picture of a restaurant .

Ask and answer questions about the

following .

11

• stairs • flowers • paintings • people • tables • lamps • chairs • plants

Writing Find a picture of a restaurant and use

Ideas from the Speaking activity or your

own Ideas to write a paragraph about it.

Page 26: Spark 1 grammar

The Definite Article 'The'

We use ' the':

• with nouns when we talk about someth ing

specific, for example when the noun is

mentioned for a second time or is already

known. In other words, when we can answer

the question 'Who?' or 'Which?'.

(Which vase? The specific vase

in the pictu re.)

• wi th nouns which are

unique.

• befo re the names of

musical instruments.

• before nationality words and families.

I

12 Fill In the where necessary.

1 Dave can play piano. He's in

school band.

2 You can see ........ Eiffel Tower in ........ Paris.

3

4

It's hot in here! Open ........ window, please!

look at ........ sky! It's bright blue today.

5 Where is ........ umbrella? It's raining

outside.

6 Vou can go to ........ Barcelona on hOl iday.

A! An - Some! Any - The ~

We don't use ' the':

• with plural nouns when we talk abo ut

the m in ge neral.

(Which dogs? All dogs

in general.)

• before pro per nouns and names of cities

and co untries.

• with the words this/ thot/ these/ rhose.

(NOT: this"," lamp) I

7 Where are ........ pillows? They aren't on

. ....... bed.

S .............. Irish are very friendly people.

9 That ........ bicycle is very nice, but it's

expensive.

10 This is ........ Amanda and that is ........ Mike.

11 Can you play ....... guitar?

12 You can stay with my cousin ........ Jane.

MODULl j

29

Page 27: Spark 1 grammar

~ A/An - Some/Any - The

"W OO lE I

30

13 Underline the correct item.

1 Johnsons/ The Johnsons are in london/ the

London now.

2 Germany is in Europe/ the Europe.

3 Can we watch that film/ the film?

4 This is my best friend, Judy/ the Judy. 5 Adam can play violin / the violin very well.

6 They've got a house next to sea/ the sea.

7 Is that car/ the car red or orange?

8 You can eat this apple / the apple for

breakfast.

14 Fill In with a, an or the.

1 H&M is clothes shop ......... shop next to it

is ........ famous music shop. 2 ........ CDs you've got are very good.

3 My brother, Pete, is ........ artist.

4 Can you buy me ........ souvenir from Paris,

please? 5 There is ........ man at the door. He's got

........ dog with him. 6 I can see ........ elephant. ........ elephant is

very big. 7 ........ boy in thi s picture is my brother. 8 ........ Acropolis is in Athens.

1 S Circle the correct answer.

1 London is ... ... amazing City. A a B an C the

2 You can visit one of ...... museums in Berlin. A a B an C the

3 We have got ...... huge house. A a B an C the

4 There is ...... orange on the table. A a B an C the

5 What is ...... answer to the question? A a B an C the

6 He's got .. : ... big stamp collection. A a B an C the

16 Match Column A with Column B to

make short dialogues.

ITIJ Have you got any magazines?

[IIJ What have you got on your wall?

[IIJ Where are the flowers?

CID Is there a lamp in your room?

[iIJ Which floor is Kalie on?

a There are some in the vase on the table. b She's on the fourth . c Yes. There are some in my bookcase.

d Yes. It's on my desk beside the bed. e Some posters and a photo of my dog.

17 Fill in the gaps with a, an, the, some or

any .

1 A: Is that new bike? B: No, this is ........... old one.

2 A: What's in ........... bag?

B: Let's see! There's ........... sweatshirt and .. ......... cap.

3 A: Is there ........... cheese in the fridge? B: No, there isn't. We can buy ........... from

the supermarket.

4 A: Maria is from ........... small village in France.

B: Has she got .......... . brothers or sisters?

S A: That is ........... expensive camera. B: It is! And we haven't got ........... money

to buy it.

6 A: I can make you ........... cup of tea. B: Tha t's great. Have you got ......... ..

biscuits, too?

7 A: There aren't ........... films on TV tonight. B: That's OK. We can watch ........... DVD.

Page 28: Spark 1 grammar

18 Fill In with a, an, the, some or any.

1 Is there carpet in the living room?

2 Are there .......... chairs in the kitchen?

3 There are .......... books in the bookcase.

4 There is .......... armchair in my bedroom.

5 There aren't .......... cush ions on the sofa.

6 There isn't .......... bathroom upstairs.

7 There is .. .... ... newspaper in front of the

door.

8 There aren't .......... posters on the wa ll.

9 There are .......... flowers in the vase.

10 Is there .......... window in the bathroom?

19 Correct the mistakes with a, an, the, some, any.

1 We're in an boat on the lake.

2 We've got any apples in the fridge.

3 An Italians are friendly people.

4 Can I have some cup of coffee,

please?

5 I can send you any email.

6 We've got a house next to some

sea.

7 Can Fiona play some piano?

8 Paris has got great sights like an

Eiffel Tower.

9 I'd like a orange with breakfast.

10 What is your favourite place in a

world?

20 Fill in the gaps with a, an or the.

Andy: Have you got 1) book I can read?

Clare: Yes, sure. There's 2) ....... book on 3) .......

table.

Andy: The Hobbit. I've got it.

Clare: OK. There's also 4) ....... bookcase in

5) ....... living room.

Andy: Can I read one of 6) ....... books in there?

Clare: Of course. There's 7) ....... armchair next to

8) ....... bookcase. You can sit there.

Andy: That's great! Thanks.

AI An - Somel Any - The ~

21 Complete the text with a, an, the, some, any. .

Maria is Italian. Her family is from 1) small

village between Milan and T udn. They've got

2) ............ lovely house with 3) ............ big

garden. There are 4) ............ beautiful flowers

in 5) ............ garden. The family hasn 't got

6) ............ pets. Maria has got 7) ............ huge bedroom. There

is 8) ............ bed, 9) ............ table and

10) ............ armchair in her room. She hasn 't got

11 ) ............ posters on her wall. There are large

windows where she can see 12) .......... ..

beautiful garden. She's lucky to live there!

Speaking 22 In pairs, look at the picture and

say what there Is/ are In the picture,

as In the example.

Writing 23 Find a picture or draw a room and

write a paragraph describing It.

la

MODUU 1

31

Page 29: Spark 1 grammar

--§ID Prepositions of fJlace

in on under

• We use prepositions of place to say where somebody or something is .

behind next to near

• We use IN with names of cities and countries.

1 Filii" the correct preposition.

1 He is sitting 2 They are .............. .

.................. the a bicycle.

computer,

3 They are ............... . 4 Sally is standing

an umbrella. her

friends.

5 Laura is sitting 6 The teacher is

.......... .. : .. .. Tom. the

students.

MODULE 1

32

2

in front of between

Look at the picture and fill in the gaps

with the correct preposition.

Ellen has a nice bedroom. There is a fireplace 1) ................... the two windows. There are two armchairs 2) .. " ................. the fireplace. There is a big bed 3) .. " ................ a window. There are lots of pillows 4) .............. ".... the bed. There is a smal l table 5) ..................... the bed with a lamp 6) ............. ........ h.

3

4

Speaking Work in pairs. Look at the items on your

desk. Make sentences, as in the example.

Writing Write a short paragraph describing

your favourite room in the house. Stick

a picture.

Page 30: Spark 1 grammar

• We form the imperative with the base form of the verb without the subject. ( ,

• We form the negative imperative with do not/don't + the base form of the verb.

• The imperative refers to the second person singular and plural.

We use the imperative to:

• tell someone what to do or not to do.

• give orders.

The imperative

• to sound polite we add the word please at the beginning or the end of the sentence. or

We use let's + the base form of the ve rb to make suggestions. let's + the base form of the verb refers to the first person plural.

Let go

Let la

1 Match the sentences with the pictures.

• Be quiet! • let's play football. • Tidy your room!

• Let's look at this. • Come to the board! • look at this butterfly!

1 2 3

4 ....................................... . 5 6

MOOULll

33

Page 31: Spark 1 grammar

ID The imperative

2 Rewrite the sentences In the negative.

as In the example.

1 Give Claire the ball!

(, re /

2 Put on a jacket!

... , ............................................................. . 3 Help him with his homework.

4 Turn off the TV!

5 Close the dOOf, please.

6 Show me your new dress.

.................................................................. 7 Close your books, please.

.. ................................................................ 8 Put your notebook in your bag.

3 Filii" the gaps with let 's and the verb in

b rackets to complete the suggestions,

as In the example.

1 A: I'm really tired.

B: Ok, ler's go (go) home then .

2 A: I'm so hungry! B: Me too .................................... (ma ke)

some sandwiches.

3 A: The weather is lovely today, isn't it?

B: Yes, it is ........................................ (go)

for a walk.

4 A: I think the baby is sick.

B: Oh dear! ............................. (t a ke) him

to the doctor.

5 A: These maths exercises are very difficult,

aren't they?

B: Yes, they are ................ ................ (ask)

your Dad for he lp.

6 A: The·re's a nice film on TV tonight.

B: Great! ................................. (watch) it.

MOOOU l

34

4 Put the words in the correct order to

make sentences.

1 make/don't!please/noise

" ,I 2 books/turn/page/ to/your/63/ in

.................................................................. 3 to/cinema/the/go/let's/tonight

4 me!give/p lease/pen/a

S cross/road/the/don't/now

. ................................... .. ................ ........... .

6 your/clean/room/keep/tidy/and

. ................................................................ . 7 me/the/to/drive/please/ai rport

. .................................... ............. ............... .

8 cook/let's/for/pasta/dinner

5

. ................................................................ .

Fill In the gaps with the correct form

of the verbs in brackets. Which

sentences need Don 't? Which sentences

need let 's? Which need only the verb?

1 It's dark in here. In (turn on) the light,

please.

2 The baby is asleep ................................... ..

(make) noise!

3 It's cold in here ............. ........................... .

(open) the window!

4 I'm bored ....................................... (play)

a game.

S ..................... ........................ (have) some

cake! It 's delicious!

6 ...................................... (watch) TV now!

You've got a lot of homework.

7 It's 8 o'clock ........................... (wake up),

children!

8 It's Tina's birthday next week ................... .

., ............... (have) a su rprise party for her.

Page 32: Spark 1 grammar

6

7

Fill In the gaps with the affirmative or

negative imperative of the verbs In the list.

• leave (x2) • remember • take

• drink (x2)

• ......... .. .......... 10 take a lot of food and water with you.

• ........... .. ........ some warm clothes with you. ~' s always cold in the mountains.

• .......... .... ....... waler from lakes or rivers.

• .. .......... only bottled water.

. ..................... a fire

burning before going to

sleep. It's very

dangerous!

• any garbage

behind.

Rewrite all the sentences In the negative,

making a ll the necessary changes, as in

the example.

1 Have some more coffee.

2 Buy some oranges from the supermarket.

3 Move some of the furniture over here,

please.

4 Give him some money.

S Have some more of this cheesecake.

6 Put some cha irs in the living room, please.

7 Make me some tea, please.

8 Put these books in the bookcase.

The imperative ~

8 Underline the correct Item.

1 It's very wa rm today. Go/ Let 's go

swimming .

2 Don't eat/ Eat any more ice cream. It's not

good for you.

3 Remember/ Don't remember to turn off

the lights before leaving.

4 You are very tired. Let's get/ Get some rest.

S Don't touch / Touch any of the exhibits in

the museum.

6 This bui lding is very beautiful. Let's take/

Don 't take a picture of it.

9 Speaking Tell your partner what to do/ not t o do

In your bedroom. Use the following

verbs and the ideas in the box .

• jump • open • stick • play

• put • eat

• bed X

• football X

• food X • the windows ./

• books in bookcase ./

• posters on the wall X

Writing 1 0 Write five rules for your house . Use the

Ideas In the box.

• lock - doors

• play - dog - living room

• touch - furniture - dirty hands

• tidy - bedroom

• watch TV - late at night

MOOllll1

35

Page 33: Spark 1 grammar

Exploring Grammar (Units 9 -12)

1

• There is/ There are

a) Read Emilio's emall to his parents

and fill In the gaps with there is/there are or there isn't/there aren't .

,," , ...

Dear Mum and Dad,

The school t rip is amazing ! We're here in Portugal now and th is IS a photograph of our hotel. 1) . .... .. .. ...... . six students here and two teachers. The hotel is an unusual bUi lding. 2) .. ... .. .... .. .. ...... ... four storeys, but 3) ..... ... .... .. .. .... . any stairs. 4) ... ......... .. ..... ..... a 11ft to take people between fioors.

In my room, 5) . ..... .. ... ... ... a bed, an armchair and a table, but 6} . ... . ... ... .. ... ... .. a TV. Outside 7} ... ... ........ .. ... .. ... an amazing garden With some beauti ful plants and flowers 8) .. .... .. .. . . .... . . a restaurant and a swimming pool there.

9) ... .. .. ... .. .. any plans for tomorrow, but on Wednesday 10} ......... .. ...... ... a trip to the old castle next to the hotel. I can buy you some souvenirs . Write back and tell me what you want.

Love, Emilio

b) When do we use there is/ there ore?

2 Read the email again and mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Correct

the false sentences.

1 There are three teachers on the school

trip.

2 There aren't four floors in the hotel.

3 There isn't a television in Emilio's room.

4 There isn't a garden at the hote l.

S There is a castle next to the hotel.

MODULE 1

36

3

1

• AI An - Some/ Any - The

a) When do we use a/ an/ the? When

do we use lome and when do we use any? Find examples in the email .

b) Rewrite the sentences in the

negative or the affirmative.

There isn't an armchair in Emilio's room.

. .......... .. ...................................... ..• ... .........

2 Emilio has got some plans for tomorrow .

................................ ................................. . 3 There are some beautiful flowers in the

garden.

......... ..................................... .. ..................

4 There aren't any teachers on the school trip.

.... .................................•............................

5 The old castle is next to the hotel.

4

......... ... . ................................ .. ... ....... .. .. .. ...

• Prepositions of place

Read the emall again and circle all the prepo.sitlom of place you can find . Can

you name two more?

5

• The imperative

a) Find two imperatives in the email.

What is the negative form of the

imperative?

b) Use the verbs below to complete the sentences, using the affirmotive or

negative imperative.

• close • touch • clean • read • play

1 ......................... computer games. It's late!

2 ....................... the windows! They're dirty.

3 ............................. this book. It's amazing!

4 ...................... the window. It's hot in here!

S ...................... the exhibits in the museum!

Page 34: Spark 1 grammar

=

Exploring Grammar (Units 9-12)

MODULE 1

36

1

• There is/There are

a) Read Emllio's email to his parents

and fill In the gaps with there is/there are or there isn 't/there Of en 't.

Dear Mum and Dad,

The school triP is amazing! We're here in Portugal now and this is a photograph of our hotel 1) SIX students here and two teachers. The hotel is an unusual bUilding 2) four storeys, but 3) any stairs 4) a 11ft to take people between floors

In my room, 5) a bed, an armchair and a table, but 6) a TV OutSide 7) an amazing garden With some beautiful plants and flowers, 8) a restaurant and a swimming pool there

9) any plans for tomorrow, but on Wednesday 10) a trip to the old castle next to the hotel I can buy you some souvenirs. Wnte back and tell me what you want

love, Emilio

b) When do we use there is/ there are?

2 Read the email again and mark the

sentences T (true) or F (false). Correct

the false sentences.

1 There are three teachers on the school

t rip.

2 There aren't four floors in the hotel.

3 There isn't a television in Emilio's room.

4 There .isn't a garden at the hotel.

S There is a castle next to the hotel.

3 • A/An - Some/Any - The

a) When do we use a/ an/ the? When

do we use lome and when do we use

any? Find examples In the email.

b) Rewrite the sentences In the

negative or the affirmative.

1 There isn't an armchair in Emilio's room.

2 Emilio has got some plans for tomorrow.

3 There are some beautiful flowers in thE

garden.

4 There aren't any teachers on the school trip

5 The old castle is next to the hotel.

4

5

• Prepositions of place

Read the emall again and circle all the

prepositions of place you can find. Can

you name two more?

• The imperative

a) Find two imperatives in the emall.

What Is the negative form of the

Imperative?

b) Use the verbs below to complete

the sentences, using the affirmative or

negative imperative.

• close • touch • clean • read • play

1 ......................... computer games. It's late

2 ....................... the windows! They're dirty

3 ............................. this book. It's amazing

4 ...................... the window. It's hot in here

5 ...................... the exhibits in the museum

Page 35: Spark 1 grammar

Circle the correct Item.

1 Mrs Jones is ...... teacher.

A my B me C she

2 ...... ta lk in class.

A Doesn't B Do C Don't

3 ...... dolls are from Russia.

A That B These C This

4 We haven't got ...... to matoes.

A some B a C any

5 "Where are the child ren?"

" ...... are outside."

A We B You C They

6 ...... one bathroom in the house.

A There are B There is C Is there

7 The tab le is ...... the sofa and the cha ir.

A under B between C on

8 This is my mum. She is ...... teacher.

A the B a C an

9 "Have you got a camera?"

"No, I ....... "

A hasn't 8 haven't C have

10 That is ...... dog in the garden.

A they 8 you C their

11 I want ...... apples.

A some B an C any

Revision (Units 1-12)

12 Would you like ...... tea?

A a B some C any

13 .. . h f·d ? .. .. .... any oranges In ten ge.

"Yes, the re are."

A Is there 8 Are there C There are

14 "Can you sing?" " 11

A No, I can 8 No, I can't

C No, I can not

15 ...... your room! It's so untidy!

A Clean B Don't clean C Clean not

16 Betty is ...... sister.

A him B he C his

17 A baby hasn't got any .......

A tooth B teeth C tooths

18 ...... quiet!

A Is B Are C Be

19 ...... any bedrooms downstairs?

A Are there B There are C Is there

20 "What is this?"

" ...... is my bicycle helmet."

A It B There C These

MODUlll

37

Page 36: Spark 1 grammar

~ The possessive case

1

MO()t)U4

38

To show possession:

a) We add 's to names and singular nouns.

b) We add' to plural nouns ending in -so

g;rl

Note: We add's to plu ral irregular nouns.

children

1

2

3 4

5

Match the two columns, then write

sentences, as in the example.

\

....•.•............................................................

........................................................... ........

c) In general, the possessive case is used for people. In order to talk about things, we use the preposition of.

BUT

"

• We use whose to ask about possess ion.

2 Circle the correct Item.

1 That is ...... bicycle.

A Mark B Mark's C Marks'

2 Those are my ...... gloves.

A cousins B cousin's C cousins's

3 l ook at that car over there! Is it ...... car?

A Bens B Ben C Ben 's

4 My ...... name is Bob.

A uncles B uncle's C uncles'

5 That's a nice skateboard . Is it ...... ?

A jeft's B jeffs C jefts'

6 These are the ...... sca rves.

A g irl s B girl C g irls'

3 Circle the (orrect word In bold.

who's = who is

whose = shows possession

1 A: Whose I Who's Dan?

B: He's Shawn's dad.

2 A: Who's I Whose d igital camera is thi s?

B: It's Susan's.

3 A: Who's I Whose that man by the door?

B: He's my granddad.

4 A: Whose / Who's sung lasses are these?

B: They're Tom's.

5 A: Whose / Who's niece is Ji ll?

B: She's my niece .

Page 37: Spark 1 grammar

4 Look at the family tree and

complete the sentences, as

In the example.

............... :-..... . • ... :.. . ....... .

1 lim is '/ 'r husband. He's

husband.

2 Nicole is ............ and ......... .. . daughter. She's ....... daughter.

3 Ellen is .............. mum. She's

............. mum. 4 Nicole is ............... wife. She's

.... ........ wife.

S Keith is ............. and ............ .

dad. He's ............ dad.

6 lim is ............ father-in-law.

He's ............ father-in law.

7 Ellen is ............ and .............. .

grandma. She's ........ grandma.

S John is ............ brother. He's

........ .... brother.

The possessive case ~

5 Look at the pictures. Ask and

answer, as In the example.

1 skateboard?/ Ben

11 B

2 hats?/the twins

3 glasses?/Tom

4 rol1erbl ades?/Pe ter

5 shopping bags?/Michael and Ann

6 Speaking Write the names of the members of your family

and exchange with a partner. Ask and answer to

find out about your partner's family.

IQ y .

,Hband He s my un le er!

Writing 7 Draw your family tree. Then, present It to the class.

n'1. rli y re Gev e

r drat" r. He s 71; yea Id. Helen 11 George ) wrfe

She ~ my grandmother.

MOOUl[4

39

Page 38: Spark 1 grammar

~ Present Simple

MODULE •

40

Present Simple (affirmative)

you

he

she

it

we

you

they

} walk

} walks

} walk

• We form the present simple with the subjec t pronoun/noun and the base form of the verb (ride, play, ete) .

• We use the present simple to describe permanent states, repeated actions or habits and daily routines .

(permanent state) (repeated action)

, (habit)

(da ily routine) • We use the present simple for general truths.

live

• We form the third person singular (he/she/ it) by adding -s to the end of most verbs.

• We add -es to verbs that end in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -0. xes

• Verbs ending in a consonant + y, drop the -y and take -ies.

• Verbs ending in a vowel + y, take -5 .

Present Simple (negative & interrogative)

} } you do not walk you don't walk

he

} he

} she does not walk she doesn't walk it it we

} we

} you do not walk you don't walk they they

{ } Yes, I/you do. Do you walk ... ? No, I/you don 't.

{ he

} Yes, he/she/it does . Does she walk ... ?

it No, he/she/ it doesn 't .

walk ... ? Yes, we/you/they do.

Time expressions used with the present simple: usually, often, every day/week/ month, sometimes, etc

• We form the third person Singular in the negative with does not/ doesn't +

the base form of the verb. • We form all other persons In the

negative with do not/ don't + the base form of the verb.

• We form the third person singular in the interrogative wi th does +

subject + the base form of the verb.

• We form all the other persons with do + subject + the base form of the

{ we } Do you verb. they

No, we/you/they don't.

Page 39: Spark 1 grammar

-~ _____ ~p~r~e~5e:.'n~t Simple.:@.\

1 1

2 3 4

5

2

Write the third person singular.

I work - she ....... 6 I match - she I go-she ........... 7 I fix - she ....... .... I bite - she ......... B 1 buy - she ......... I wash - she 9 J cry - she . . . . . . . . . . I think - she ....... 10 I do-she ...........

Use the verbs In brackets to complete the

sentences, as In the example.

1 She (walk) to school in the morning.

2 He .......... (go) to the gym in the evening.

3 My dad is a mechanic. He ........................ .

(repai r) ca rs.

4 Mary ...................... (eat) her lunch at two

o'clock every day.

S My uncle is a teacher. He ....................... . ..

(teach) children.

6 My sister ... .... ....... (play) tennis every day.

7 They .................... (do) thei r homework in

the afternoon.

8 My brother ........... (speak) five languages.

9 Sue ................. (tidy) her room every day.

10 My cousin ......................... ( live) in Russia.

11 Ben ................................... (have) a guitar

lesson every Wednesday.

3 fill in do, does, don't or doesn't .

1 Sam eats fish, but he ................. eat meat.

2 " .............. you like listening to jau music?"

"No, I ...................... "

3 .................... your brother play basketball?

4 Where .................... your aunt play golf?

5 My sister .................... like getting up early

in the morning.

6 /I .................... you make dinner for your

family?"

"No, I ..................... I make lunch."

7 My aunt and lmcle ............. speak English.

8 When ................... you do your homework?

9 We .............. go to school at the weekend.

10 What time ................. you go to the gym?

4 This Is the kitchen of 13 year-old Ja m le

Curtis. Ask and answer questions about

Jamle and his family, as in the e xample.

1 Jamie's father like watching TV?

2 .......... Jamie have a dog? ........................ .

3 .......... Jamie's mother like cooking? ........ .

4 .......... Jamie's brother love playing the

guitar? ...................... .

5 .......... Jamie's sisters know how to use a

computer? ........................ .

6 I · , I' .......... am le s parents wear gasses. .. ......

5 What do Rick , Marla and Bruce do at

the weekend? Look at the table and

ask and answer, as in the example.

Page 40: Spark 1 grammar

~present Simple~_~~ ___ -·

6 Write questions and negatlons, as In

the example.

MOOUlE ~

42

1 Ms Smith cooks dinner every evening.

2 Kenny likes watching cartoons on the television.

3 Susan's aunt looks after sick people.

4 Mr Jameson works in a bank.

5 We meet our friends at the weekend.

6 My cousins speak French very well.

7 Mike and Sharon earn a lot of money.

7 Match the questions to the answers.

[ID What does he do?

I1IJ What time does she have breakfast?

[ID How does he go to work?

[±[] Does he go to the gym every day?

ITIJ When does he play football'

[]I] What does he do in the evening?

a He plays football at the weekend.

b No, he doesn't.

c She has breakfast at 8 o'clock.

d He is a vet.

e He wa,tches TV in the evening.

f He rides his bike to work.

8 Complete the sentences about yourself.

1 (play) tennis on Mondays.

2 My best friend ......................................... .

(walk) to school in the morning.

3 My grand dad ........................................... . (like) basketball.

4 We ...................................... (live) in a big

house with a garden.

SI ........................ (help) around the house.

6 My brother ......................... (get up) early every day to go to the gym.

7 I ................ (do) my homework every day.

8 My friends ........................ (p lay) baseball. 9 My mum ....................................... (work)

at the weekend.

10 My family and I ........ ....... .............. (have)

9

dinner at 8 o'clock every evening.

Put the words in the correc:t order to

make questions . Then answer them

about you.

1 you/in/do/up/morning/ the/get/early?

2 dad/housework/your/does/the/do?

3 you/golf/do/play?

4 the/meel/do/aflernoon/your/friends/you/in?

5 your/lunch/family /you/do/with/eat?

lo use the prompts In the list to make

sentences about you.

1 2 3 4

5

• have breakfast • walk to school

• tidy room • make dinner

• go to bed late

mmq

Page 41: Spark 1 grammar

Present Simple ID 11 Complete the dialogue. Use the simple

present of the verbs In brackets.

A: What time 1) you (start) wo rk eve ry

day?

B: At 10 o'clock every morning. Then, I

2) ............................ (fini sh) at 9 o'clock at

night.

A: That's a long day at work! 3) ................... ..

.................... (you/li ke) your job?

B: Yes, I really 4) .. .......................... (love) it.

A: What 5) ..................................... (you / do)

after work?

B: I 6) .. ...... .... ............... (go) home and

7) ............................ (have) dinner with

my family.

A: 8) ................................... (you/ have) time

to cook?

B: No, my husband 9) .... .......... ............. (do)

all the cooking.

12 Read the text and use the verbs In

brackets to fill in the gaps using the

present simple.

:\Iy sister. Jessie, I ) .............. . ... .

(get up) at half past six every morning. She

2) ............................... (have)

13 Expand the sentences to form

questions. Then look at Ex. 12 and

answer them.

1 What time/Jessie/get up?

2 What/she/do/after breakfast?

3 What/she/ teach?

4 Who/meet/ in the evening?

5 What time/she/go/home?

Speaking 14 Interview your partner. Ask h im / her

questions about what he/ she does at

the weekend. Ask wi~at he/ she does:

• in the morning (e.g_ get up early)

• in the afternoon (e.g, have lunch at home)

• in the evening (e.g. meet friends)

Writing

brt:akf;l ~ t <lI ~('\ en and thcn ~he

1 5 Use the Information from

the Speaking activity to

write a short text about

your partner's typical

weekend.

3) .. . ........... .. .. (walk) to work. ~I" sister \\orb in a j unior school where she 4) ................... (teach) the chi ldren 1\laths. At half past three in the afternoon she 5) .. .... ...... ....... (leave) \l'Ork. She 6) ................... (go) to the gym at fiv{' o'clock. At eight o'clock in the evening. she

usually 7) ............. ...... (meet) her fl'iends and they go LO their favourite restaurant. At ten o'clock she goes

home and 8) ................... (watch) TV,

43

Page 42: Spark 1 grammar

~,--~m Like, love, hate + -;n9 form

MODULE ~

44

We use like, love and hate + -jng form to express how we feel about

something.

1

love (,1,1,1,1)

like (,1,1,1)

don't like (')

hate (")

fke doing

'4 n t "ice dOing

Complete the sentences using love, Uke,

don 't like o r hate and the verbs below, as

In the e xample.

ride have J get up do cook play lwalk: go

1 Tom (.I .I .I .I) dinner in the

evening.

2 Heather ............................................... (')

computer games.

3 My dad ..................................... (,I ,I ./ ./)

to the gym every day.

4 He ................................................ (./ ./ ./)

fish for lunch.

5 Sarah .................................... (X) to work.

6 My sisters ...................... .......... .......... (' ')

early for school.

7 I ................................................... (./ ./ ./)

my bike to school in the morning.

S Mark ......................... (X X) his homework.

2 Use the verbs below to fill in the gaps.

type watch play tidy make

teach take read

1 I like ................... baseball at the weekend.

2 Mary loves .............. books in the evening.

3 My brother doesn't like .............. his room.

4 Paul hates ..................... letters.

5 My aunt likes ....................... photographs.

6 Mr (lark is a teacher. He loves .................. .

children.

7 My cousin hates ............................ dinner.

S (laire's dad doesn't like ....................... TV.

3

loves. danclnq

Write wha t the people Ub, love or hate

doing, as in the example.

, "I cook lunch every day." Ross

. (love)

2 "I don't tidy my room." Paul ................... .

..................................................... (hate)

3 "I read my favourite book in the evening."

Rosa ........................................................ .

. ...................................................... (li ke)

4 "My brother and I play football at school

every day." They ...................................... .

..................................................... (love)

5 "We don't eat meat." Sarah and Sue ........

4

5

. ............................................... (not / like)

Speaking Tell your partner four things you Uke,

don 't like, love and hate doing using the

Ideas in the box and your own ideas.

• read books • watch TV • do homework

• eat vegetables • meet friends

• go to the cinema • do housework

Writing Write four sentences about a member

of your family - what they love, like,

don 't like and hate doing.

Page 43: Spark 1 grammar

Exploring Grammar (Units 13-15)

1

• Present Simple

a) Read the text and underline the

verbs In the present simple tense. Which

of these verbs are in the third person

singular? How can you tell?

l ewis Hamilton is a Formula

One racing car driver, HIS ,,",,:~j, mother's name IS Carmen and hiS father's name is Anthony lewis has two sisters Nicola and Samantha and a brother NlCholas_ granddad's name IS Oliver and he's from Grenada. His birthday is on 7th January and he's twenty-four years old lewis races in many different countries and he hates lOSing a race He doesn't have much free time but he likes playmg football and cricket when he can find the time. He also likes playing computer games and he loves listening to music He likes reggae, hip-hop and house musIC and hIS favourite singer is Bob Marley Lewls can also play the guitar He

earns a lot of money and he IS a very popular driver

2

b) Write the verbs you underlined In

the negative form. Which verb do we

use to form the negative? What are

the changes to the main verb?

c) When do we use the present simple?

a) Read again and answer the

questions .

1 How many sisters does Lewis have?

2 Where does Lewis Hamil ton's g rand dad

come from?

3 Where does Lewis race?

4 What sports does Lewis play?

b) Look at questions 1·4. How do we

form the present simple interrogative?

3 1

Rewrite the sentences in the present

simple interrogative.

Lewis likes playing football.

2 They live in Grenada.

4

1

He listens to house m usic.

The race takes three hours.

He earns a lot of money.

• The possessive case

a) Read the text and circle the

examples of the possessive case. When

do we use the possessive case?

b) Circle the correct answer.

lewis is ...

a Carmen's and Anthony son.

b Carmen and Anthony's son.

2 An thony is ...

a lewis Hamilton's father.

b Lewis Hamiltons' father.

3 Nicola and Samantha are ...

a his sisters' names.

b his sister'S names.

4 Oliver is his ... name.

s

a granddads

b granddad's

c) How do we form the possessive case

when we have a plural noun?

• Like, love, hate + ·;n9 form

What form of the verb do we use after

like, love and hate? Find examples In

the text and then form their

Interrogative and negative form .

MODULE ~

45

Page 44: Spark 1 grammar

Revision (Units 1-15)

Circle the (orrect Item.

1 That is ...... orange.

A the 8 an C a

2 This is Mary ....... is my cousin. A She B It C He

3 There's a big bed ...... my bedroom .

A between B in C on

4 Are there ...... windows downstairs?

A some B any C the

5 The milk is ...... the fridge.

A under B in C behind

6 ...... you want to go swimming?

A Does 8 Do C Are

7 "Do you like fish?" "No, I ...... ,"

A doesn't B don't C do

8 My sister loves ...... photographs.

A taking B to taking C take

9 My ...... name is Dexter. A dog's B dogs C dogs'

10 Bob is a mechanic. He likes ...... cars.

A fix B to fixing C fixing

11 He ...... any trainers for school.

A hasn't got B haven't got

C have got

MODUli •

46

12 Are ...... your gloves on the table?

A this B those C that

13 There are some ...... on the ground.

A leafs B leafes C leaves

14 ...... shop next to the bakery sells shoes.

A An B The C A

15 "Can you play tennis?"

" "

A No, I can't B No, I C(ln

C No, I can not

16 ...... any bathrooms upstairs.

A There isn't

B There aren't

C Isn't there

17 "Who's Paul?"

"He's ...... uncle."

A Ryan's B Ryans

18 He ...... doing the housework.

C Ryans'

A doesn't like B doesn 't likes

C like

19 " ...... handbag is this?"

"Sue's."

A Who's 8 Which C Whose

20 ...... got a car?

A He has not B He has C Has he

( points: 20)

Page 45: Spark 1 grammar

1 1

• Adverbs of frequency tell us how often something happens.

Some of these are:

alway, (100%) u,ually (75%) o~en (50%)

sometimes (25%)

never (0%)

Put the adverbs of frequency In the

correct place, as In the example.

Dolphins are friendly to people. (usually)

Dc fpl

2 Pufferfish are clumsy when they swim.

(sometimes)

3 A giraffe eats meat. (never)

4 Parrots can learn to talk like people. (u,ually)

5 Elephants travel in groups. (often)

6 Female cheetahs hunt alone. (always)

2 Put the words In the correct order to

make sentences.

1 wa lk/school/ I/morning/often/ the/ to/ in

2 jogging/ always/ in/goes/morning/ Sue/ the

3 late/ is/never/school{Tom/for

4 weekend/dad/sometimes/at/my /makes/

the/dinner

5 watches/ the/my/evening/familyffY Inever fin

6 u,ually/baseball/they /on /play/Sunday,

Adverbs of frequency ~

• Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb but after the verb to be.

U3 Iy

My' net ore sometime

3 Use the phrases and the adverbs of

frequency to write sentences about

yourself.

1 ge t up early in the morning

2 meet my friends at the weekend

3 have lunch at school

4 do homework in the evening

5 have dinner with my fami ly

4 Use the adverbs of frequency to answer

the questions.

How often ...

1 do you go to the cinema at the weekend? 2 do you have breakfast?

3 do you watch lV in the evenings?

4 do you walk to school?

5 do you go swimming?

5

6

Speaking Tell your partner two things you always,

sometimes, never do on Sundays.

Writing Ask a member of your family what

he/ she always, usually, often, sometimes,

never does on Sundays. Write sentences

about him/ her.

MODULE 5

47

Page 46: Spark 1 grammar

1

"'OOUl t 5

48

Prepositions of time

We use prepositions of time to say when something happens.

We use at with: • t ime: ot 7o'cfock, at 7:30, ete • holidays: at Christmas,

at the weekend

• expressions: at midday, at midnight, at night, at noon

We use on with:

• days: on Tuesday, on Fridays, on weekdays, etc

• dates: on 3rd Moy, etc

n

Circle the correct Item.

1 My sister gets up ...... 7:00 in the morning.

A on B in C at

2 We always play football

nights. Thursday

A in B on C at

3 Brian usually eats lunch ...... noon.

A on B in C at

4 There is a music festival ...... the summer. A on B in C at

5 I watch my favourite TV show ...... Sundays.

A in B on C at

6 The bus leaves ...... ten minutes.

A on B at C in

7 The restaurant opens ...... midday. A in B on C at

8 My sister's birthday is ...... 5th December. A on B at C in

We use in with: • parts of the day: in the morning/afternoon/

evening • months: in July, ete • seasons: in the winter/ spring/summer/

autumn, ete • yea rs: in 2009, in 1994, ete • expressions: in half an hour, in 30 minutes,

ele

2 Complete the text with in, on or at.

A day in the life of Jack Jack lin!s Oil a Jarm wi th his ramil\'. He has an older hrother ,md (l ~'Oll1lger sister. The) h(llc

hor ~n ,tlld lOllS 011 their rOIl Ill. Jack ahl<ly~ gdS j up I) ........ 6 o'dot:l- 2) ........ Lhe mortling to Iced the l\nilllab. Ili ~ brothel" ht'lps him 3) ........ \\t'ekd,IYs and hi" ~i"lel' helps him 4) ........ \\(·ekcnd~. 5) ........ H:OO .l ad gets on the bus and ~ocs to school. He gets home from school 6) ........ " ....... .., -I o'dork 7) ........ Ihe aliel"lloon il nd feed" Ihe an imal" again. He does his homc\lork 8) ........

the evening' <llld then

\\';11< he, hi~ Lt\"onritt: prugramme un T\'. li e goes to hed 9) ...... .. 11 o'clock 10) ...... ..

night.

Page 47: Spark 1 grammar

3

at

on

in

1

a) Complete the table with phrases

from the list.

• noon • Sunday • the afternoon

• nighl • midday • the weekend

• 2009 • weekdays • 9 o'clock

• half an hour • 23rd January

• a quarter past four • midnight

• spring a the evening • autumn

• 5:30 a November • 20 minutes

, ................................................... .

.................................................... .. .. .. .. ..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

, ................................................ .

..............................................................

..............................................................

, .................... ................ ... .

..............................................................

..............................................................

b) Write true sentences about yourself

using the verbs below and the phrases

from the table In Ex. 3a, as in the

example.

• get up early • have breakfast

• play computer games • do homework

• meet friends • play football

• make dinner • go to the cinema

• go to bed • ride my bike

2 ........................................................ . 3 ...................................... .......... ........ .

4 .................. .......................... ............ . 5 ........................................................ . 6 .... .....................................................

7 ..................................................... ... . B ............. ...................... ............ .... ...... 9 ............... ............................. ............ .

10 ........................................................ •

Prepositions of time ~

4 a) Read and fill In

the correct

preposition of time,

My favourite month is July. I love July because i::-...._ ... there isn't any SChool 1 ) ........ the summer. I usually get up 2) .. ...... 10 o'clock and have breakfast. I watch TV 3) ... . the morning and sometimes go Jogging 4) ........ midday. Lunch Is often 5) ........ 1 o'clock and 6) ..... .. the afternoon J

read or meet my friends at the park to play football. I also like basketball and often play it 7) ........ Saturday. My brother and I like to go out 8) ........ nigh\. bul we're usually home 9) ....... . 11 o'clock and in bed 10) ........ midnight.

b) Which sentences are true? Correct

the false ones .

1 He doesn't have school in July.

......................•...........................................

2 He usually gets up at 11:00 in the morning

in July.

...................•...........•.•................................

3 On Sundays he often plays basketball with his friends.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 He goes out with his brother in the afternoon.

. ............ ........................•............................

5 He goes to bed at 11 o'clock.

..................................................................

Speaking 5 Tell the class about your favourite month.

6 Writing Write a text about your favourite

month, using the text in Ex. 4a as a

model. Write:

• what time you get up

• what you do in the morning/afternoon/ete

• what time you go to bed

MODULf S

49

Page 48: Spark 1 grammar

~ Comparatives - Superlatives

MODUU 5

50

tall taller tallest

long longer longest little less least busy busier bus iest many! much! happy happier happiest a lot of

more most

more most good better best beautiful beautiful beautiful bad worse worst

Form

• With one·syllable and two-syllable adjectives, we form the comparative by

adding -er, and the superlative by adding -est.

• With adjectives of more than two syllables, we fo rm the comparative wi th more, and the superlative with most .

mll

• With some two-syllable adjectives, such as friendly, clever, narrow, etc we form the comparative either with -er or with more,

and the supe rl ative either with -est or with

most . If. .J le

or more fr most len 4

Spelling • With one-syllable adjectives ending in -e,

we add -r in the comparative, and -st in

the superlative. • With one-syllable adjectives ending in a

vowel + consonant, we doub le the last consonant and add -er/ -est.

• With two-syllable adjectives ending in -y, we change the -y to i and add -e r/ -est .

Read the examples:

• very + adjective VI ,1/. • much + comparative form of adjective

far farther / farthest / further furthest

Use

• We use the comparative to compare two people, animals, things, places, ete. We can use than with the comparative.

A qwr s smaller thon a j .Jer. the smallest ,1/

• We use the superlative to compare one person, animal, thing, place, etc with more

than one person, animal, thing, place etc in

the same group. ~hf "rtest 'e

• We use the ... of/ in with the superlative. t le ,.,orJ t 0

We use in with the superlative when we talk

about places. t If ''7in ;n

(NOT: or 'R' world)

glroff much taller no • (not) as + adjective + as 1 a tol/ as 0 I( Ife

Page 49: Spark 1 grammar

1 Complete the table.

Adjective Comparative Superlative

taU

smallest

longer --=J clumsy

more clever ~ dangerous

sharper+

friendliest ---I

better

curious

[ most coloutiul

l- longest

wet

2 look at the table and compare the

three restaurants.

Restaurant expensive luxurious large healthy

Gina's Burgers

Asian Kitchen

Martha's

A 'vi

• • • • •

• • •

• • •

• • • • • • •

• • • • •

(omparatives - Superlatives m 3 Put the adjectives In brackets Into the

comparative or the superlative.

1 Dolphins are ............................................ .

(friendly) than lionfish.

2 The Red Kangaroo is the .......................... .

(big) kangaroo in the world.

3 A horse's tail is ................................... ...... .

(long) than a rabbi t's. 4 Bears are .................................................. .

(heavy) animals in the world.

4 Look at the two pictures and write

sentences in the comparative form, as

In the example.

1 (long tail)

han

2 (small paws)

3 (large body)

4 (sha rp teeth)

5 Make comparisons, as In the example.

1 short - rhino I giraffe

2 heavy - elephant I rabbit

3 tall - giraffe I sheep

4 dangerous - tiger I cat

5 long - dolphin I trout

6 powerful - bear / gi raffe

MOOUll5

51

Page 50: Spark 1 grammar

n Comparatives - Superlatives

MODULE S

52

6 Put the words in the correct order.

1 tha n/tigers/iguana/ heavier I are

2 largest/ the/i n/thel a pest gori lIas/are/world

3 than /swan/a/ more/parrot/co Iou rfu I/ is/a

4 the/have/ necks/g iraffesl got/ longest/the/ i n/ kingdom/animal

5 than/ ra bbit/ a/dangerous/bear / more/ is/ a

6 goat/a n/a/elephant/tha n/has/ears/larger / got

7 Look at the table and make sentences, as In the example .

young

large

strong

noisy

fast

friendly

1 2

3

4

5

6

M ichael's puppy

'" " " ,

" ,

puppy dog

" , ,

'" , '" " '" ,

'" '" "

8

1 2

3

4

5

9

Write five sentences comparing

members of your family to yourself.

• short • old • tall • young • funny

Speaking Work In pairs. Look at the pictures and

make comparisons using the adjectives

in the box.

• la rge • heavy • fast • strong

• dangerous • clever

Writing 1 0 Find pictures of animals and make

comparisons. You can use the ideas from

the Speaking activity and your own Ideas .

Page 51: Spark 1 grammar

Adverbs of degree ~

U,e

We use adve rbs of degree to show how weak or strong an adjective is.

v

1 Fill in the gaps with an appropriate adverb of

degree.

1 Goats have got ........................ big horns. (.I)

2 A crocodile has got ........................ short legs. (1'.1)

3 Pufferfish are ........................ dangerous. (v'.I /)

4 A squirrel's body is ........................ big. (X)

5 Dolphins are ........................ friendly animals. (,/,1)

6 A lionfish is beautiful but ........................ nice. (X)

2 Look at the picture and the table and make

sentences using adverbs of degree to describe Pam's

horse, as In the example.

large body (.r.r) ,hort hair (.r.r) big eye, (~)

long leg' (.r)

big no,e (.r.r) ,mall ears (.r) long neck (.r) long tail (.r.r.r)

1 2

3

4

5 6 7

8

....................................................................................

3

4

Speaking In pairs, take turns to say

the name of an animal.

Then say three things to

describe this animal, as In

the example.

Writing Use a picture of your own

pet or find a picture of an

animal In a newspaper or

magazine. Then write a

short paragraph to

describe It . Use adverbs of

degree.

MOOUl! J

53

Page 52: Spark 1 grammar

~ Question words

MODULE S

54

Wh· questions are questions that start with words such as who, what, where, when, etc. To form wh- questions, we put the auxiliary verb before the subject.

Question word + auxiliary verb + subject

• people: who/whose

• objects: what/ which

• places: where

• time: when/ what time/ how often/ how long

rlowoften

t

• size: how fong/ how taff

• quantities/ numbers: how much/how many

, H w many

• manner: how

Note: • how + sentence in the interrogative

• how + adjective/adverb + sentence in the interrogative ;

• reason : why

• age: how old

• distance: how far

How' nq

1 Fill In the gaps with one of the question words from the list, as in the example .

• which • where • when • how • whose • why • who • what

1 A: is you r pet? 5 A: ................ are those dogs?

s: That beautiful parrot, over there. s: They're Fred's.

2 A: ................ many legs has a tiger got? 6 A: ................ are the horses?

s: It's got four legs. s: They're on a farm.

3 A: ................ can bi rds fly? 7 A: ................ is the Elephant Festival?

s: Because they've got wings. s: In November.

4 A: ................ co lour is a zebra? 8 A: ................ is that woman?

s: Black and white. s: She's the vet. She looks after

an imals. •

Page 53: Spark 1 grammar

~======================~Q~u~e~s~tl~o~n~wordS~

2 First fill In the gaps In the questions

with how often, how fast, how many, how

old, how tall, how much, how long, how

wide. Then match the questions to the

correct answers.

1 f vv 1 are the kittens?

2 ................... does the Elephanl Festival last?

3 . 1 ............ ....... can a tiger run. 4 ................. .. does an iguana we igh?

5 ............... .... is the Cat Festival in Ypres,

Belgium?

6 ............... ... . hearts does an octopus have?

7 ................... is the Amazon River?

8 ................... can a giraffe be?

~ Up to 7 kg. InJ About 5 metres.

[IT] Every 3 years. CID Up to 35 mph.

UTI 11·40 Km. 2 days.

[ill] Only 3 weeks lliIJ Three.

3

old.

fill In the gaps

with the correct

question word,

as In the

example.

pets have you got?

B: Only one. It's a parrot.

A: 2) ........... ................... does it look like?

B: It's very beautiful. It's red with blue

and yellow wings.

A: 3) ........................... ...................... isit?

B: It's 8 years old.

A: 4) ................................. does it weigh?

B: About 2 kg.

A: Wow, S) ............................. does it eat?

B: Every day.

4 Put the words in the correct order to

form questions, as In the example.

1 parrotfish/ where/ live/do?

~

2 li ve/does/how/iguana/many fan/yea rs?

3 a/ neck/ long/g iraffe's / is/ how?

4 does/weigh/how/a/much/ tiger?

5 fast/bald/fly/can/how/a/eagle1

6 wolves/live/how/long/do?

7 usua lly/goats/do/eat/ what?

8 legs/kangaroo/how/does/many / a/have?

5 Look at the answers and fill in the

questions.

A: 1) 1

B: It's a monkey.

A: 2) ....................................................... 1

B: It lives in the wild.

A: 3) ......... ......... .. ......... ....... ................... 1

B: It usually eats fruit, insects and other

things.

A: 4) ....................................................... 1

B: It weighs between

20 and 30 kg.

A: 5) ......................... .

....... ....... .............. ? B: It's about 70cm tall.

A: 6) ... ... ......... .......... .

. ........................... ? B: It lives for about 20

yea rs.

MODULE S

55

Page 54: Spark 1 grammar

.ID Question words

MODUU S

56

6 Read the text, then, in pairs, ask and answer questions to which the words in bold are

the answers.

African elephants live in the wild, in Africa. They can be

4.Sm tall and weigh more than 5,000 kg Their ears are very big and can be 1.5m long African elephants use

their long trunk like a hand to help them eat and drink.. They eat up to 136 kg of food every day! They eat leaves, fruit, berries and grass Elephants never eat

meat. Female African elephants and their babies live In groups, but the males usually live alone. African

elephants can live for 70 years

Speaking

-,

7 Use the prompts to ask and answer questions about these four birds.

~ Hawk Pelican Swan Snow Owl

~ive? about 21 years about 10-25 years up to 20 years about 9 years

tall? about 55 cm about 1.8m I about 1.5m about 60 cm

weigh? about 1 kg 1 about 13 kg up to 3 kg up to 10.5 kg I

colour? brown white white white ,

eat? meat fish plants and fish meat

Writing 8 Use the Information above to write a short description about one of these animals .

Page 55: Spark 1 grammar

1 • d" bs 0

a) Read the text and circle the adverbs

of frequency.

The American crocodile is one ollhe largest animals of its kind. The males are longer and heaVier than the females. They can be between 3 and 4 metres long and can weigh more than 380 kg. The females are usually smaller than 3 metres and never weigh more than 170 kg. American crocodiles always live next to water. They

sometimes swim in the sea when they are adults. They are often a greyish-green or brown colour. Their legs are not very long, but they can run quite well. They have got a long, thin nose and very small eyes on the lOP of their head. Their teeth are quite long and extremely sharp. They often hunt for thelf food at night. In the summer they usually eat once a week, but in the winter they eal less.

2 1

b) Where do we place adverbs of

frequency in a sentence?

• Qu ·,tion word

Read the text in Ex. la again and

answer the questions.

How long are male American crocodiles?

2 How much do male American crocod iles

we igh?

3 How much can a fema le weigh?

4 Where do they live?

5 What colour are they?

6 When do they usually hunt?

Exploring Grammar (Units 16-20)

3

• C Sup a I

a) Find three examples of comparative

adjectIves In the text . When do we use

comparative and superlative forms of

adjectives?

b) Make comparisons.

1 heavy - male crocod iles I fema le crocodiles

2 tall - giraffe I sheep

3 short - female crocodile I male crocodile

4 beautiful - parrot I pigeon

5 friendly - rabbit I crocod ile

4 • P positiOns of time

a) Which prepositions of time are there

In the text in Ex. la? Which other

prepositions of time do you know? Give

examples.

b) Fill each gap with the correct

preposition of tIme.

1 Sue walks her dog ............... the morning.

2 His birthday is ............... 21 st August.

3 I get up .............. . 7 o'clock in the morning.

4 I don't work .............. . Fridays.

5 We always eat lunch ............... noon.

6 We can swim in the sea ........... the summer.

• A verbs 0 'gree

5 Underline the adverbs of degree in the text

In Ex. 1 a . Then put them In the correct

box with the adjective that follows.

1

I

1 1

III

MOOYll S

57

Page 56: Spark 1 grammar

Revision (Units 1-20)

Circle the correct Item.

1 Tom is late for school every day. He is ...... on 11 "Are these Mike's gloves?"

time. "Yes, they are ...... gloves."

A sometimes B usually C never A him B his C he

2 Are there ...... bananas? 12 I ...... eating chocolate biscuits. They afe my A some B any C the favourite!

A hate B like to C love

3 1/ •••••• do you visit your grandparents?"

"Every week," 13 This is .. .... ha t. A Where B How often C Why A Ed's B Eds C Eds'

4 This is my bicycle and ...... one is yours. 14 Put it on the table ...... the sofa and the A that B those C these armchair.

A between B under C on 5 The ...... are waiting in the car.

A mens B man's C men 15 This is ...... expensive car.

A a B the C an 6 John is the ...... runner in the class.

A faster B fast C fastes t 16 ...... tomatoes in the sauce?

A Is there B There is C Are there

7 There .. .... five bedrooms upstairs.

A is B has C are 17 I usually get up ...... 8 o'c lock.

A in B at C on B Marianne is ...... than Jane.

A tallest B tall C taller 18 Is that ...... mum?

A your B you're C you 9 " ...... trainers are these?"

"Sue's." 19 I usually go to the park ...... Sunday

A Who's B Whose C Which mornings.

A in B at C on 10 "Is there any coffee?"

"No, there ...... any." 20 A giraffe has a(n) ...... long neck.

A aren't B are not C isn't A not very B extremely C quite

MODULE J

58

Page 57: Spark 1 grammar

Present Continuous ~

am walking 'm walking am not walking 'm not walking

you are walk ing you ' re walking you are not walking you aren't walking

he

} is walking

he

} 's walk ing

he } he

} she she she is not walking she isn 't walking

it it it it

we we we we

you you you you

they

} are walki ng

they

} 're walking

they

} are not walking

they

} aren't walk ing

Am I wa lking? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.

Are you walking? Yes, you are. No, you aren 't.

{ he walk ing? Yes, he is . No, he isn ' t .

Is she walki ng? Yes, she is. No, she isn ' t.

it walking? Yes, it is. No, it isn ' t .

{ we walking? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.

Are you walking? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. \" swlmmllJ9 orent

they walking? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. IV ! art t doing re surfing

Form

We form the present continuous with the verb to be and the main verb + -jng ending.

Spelling

• We form the present continuous of most verbs by adding -ing to the base form of

the main verb. im in<

• Verbs ending in -e d rop the -e and take -ing.

• Verbs ending in a vowel + consonant double the consonant and take -ing.

IIn It

In n/llne:

• Verbs ending in -ie drop the -ie and -ying.

take

Use We use the present continuous to talk about actions happening now, at the moment of

speaking. i doinl

t ... , are ltaymg

, ,v,

heat the ,"ome"t at present

',ese do)

We can use the present continuous to talk

about future actions. lea (fixed

arrangement in the near future)

Time expressions used with the present continuous: now, at the moment, at present, these days

MOOOlf6

59

Page 58: Spark 1 grammar

~ Present Continuous

MODUlE 6

60

1

2

1 2

3 4

5

6

Put the verbs In the correct box, as in

the example.

• rain • make • swim • sunbathe

• sail • camp • buy • windsurf • write • put • shop • sleep • run • surf

• dance •

I

Use the phrases to describe the

pictures.

• eat a sandwich • make a snowman • take a photograph • build a sandcastle

• talk to the class • read a book

'\

3

1 2

3 4

5

6

4 1

Describe what the people are wearing,

as In the example.

2 3

I Sophie , 6

Put the words In the correct order to

make sentences, as in the example.

playi n91 snow /Krista/in{T ylef !th e/ and/are

2 an/moment/ Mum/the/ is/at/ice cream/eating

3 doing / they/now/their/are/homework?

4 are/reading/the/not/students

5 now/playing/ the/are/footbal l/boys

6 English/now/ Andrea/having/lesson/is/an?

7 playing/a/is//ane/game/computer

8 in /street!are/the/danc ing/they

Page 59: Spark 1 grammar

Present Continuous ~

5 Look at the pictures and find the differences. Use the verbs .

• ride • sleep • read • wear • eat • drink • fly • play • listen to • sing

6 Look at the picture and put the verbs

in brackets Into the present continuous.

/ There are two people in this picture. They

1) ......................................... (sit) at a desk and they 2) .......... ................ ............... (study)

together. The boy 3) ........................................ . (read) something to the girl and she

4) ......................................... (l isten) to him. The boy 5) ......................................... (wear) a white T-shi rt with stripes and the girl 6) ........ .

........................... (wear) a grey T-shirt.

7 1 2

3

4

5

6

8

9

Correct the mistakes.

Tom and Ann is sleeping now. ............. What is Mark do? ............. I am have an English lesson now. ............. You isn't doing your homework ............. now. They are take photographs. ............. Jenny aren't working now. .............

Speaking Work In pairs. Find a picture In a

magazine and describe It to your

partner.

Writing Write a short text describing your

picture.

MODUU6

61

Page 60: Spark 1 grammar

~ Present Simple vs Present Continuous

1

MODULl6

62

Present Simple

• daily routines

• permanent states

or

• habits

Time expressions used with the present

simple: every hour/day/week/month/summerl

year, etc, usually, always, every morning!

afternoon/evening/ night, in the morning!

afternoon! evening, at midday, at night, ete

Non-Continuous verbs

Present Continuous

• actions happening at the time of

speaking

• fixed arrangements

in the near future

Time express ions used with the

present continuous: now, at the moment, at present, these days, today,

tomorrow, ete

I, (NOT: tiff! know,iRg where he is.)

/,ke remtmber

(NOT: I'm likiR5} playing computer games.} (NOT: I'm rernemeerin9 her name.)

wont 0 t (NOT: I'RC! wentin!! to go ro London.)

Put the verbs In brackets into the

prelent llmple or prelent continuoul.

1 The ch ildren are happy because it ............ .

.......................... (snow).

2 We can go now, it .................................... .

(not/rain) at the moment!

3 ............................................. (she/do) her homework before dinner every evening?

4 What time ................................................ .

(you/leave) tomorrow?

5 My brothers .............................. .......... ..... .

(not/like) playing tennis.

2 Underline the correct time expression.

1 Mike always goes to work in the morning/

now .

2 Are you going to the cinema now/ every

Saturday?

3 They are doing their homework every

night/now.

4 Vicky often/at present visits the art gallery.

5 Dave and Amy fly to Paris every summer/at

the moment.

6 It isn't raining in the morning/a t the

moment.

Page 61: Spark 1 grammar

Present Simple vs Present Continuous m 3 Look at the pictures and make

sentences, as In the example. 4 Put the verbs In brackets into the

present simple or present continuous.

1 A: What ........ ......... ... ............................... .

(they/ do) on Saturdays?

B: They ................................................... .

(visit) their grandparents .

• " 2 A: What ................................................... .

swim every Saturday

1 H

" ! Ifllr j .

~

1 go to the gym every

afternoon

2

play the guitar every

afternoon

3

4

watch TV every evening

"

. surf

J

meet her friends

skateboard with his

friend

go to the cinema

(you/ do) tonight?

B: I ............................................... (meet)

my friends.

3 A: Where is Mum?

B: In the kitchen. She .............................. .

(cook) lunch.

4 A: I usually ....................................... (go)

to the cinema on Sunday evening.

B: Really? I .............................................. .

(play) tennis then.

S A: Why .. ....... ..... ... .................................. .

(you / make) a cake?

B: We ...................................................... .

(ce lebrate) mum's birthday.

5 Choose the correct answer.

1 We ...... wear scarves in the summer.

A aren't B don't C doesn't

2 Clare ...... a film at the moment.

A watch B is watching C watches

3 We usually ...... out on Saturdays.

A eats B are eating C eat

4 Do you ...... everyone in your office?

A know B knows C knowing

S We're ...... a great time on holiday.

A have B has C having

6 I usually ...... computer games in the

evening.

A play B plays C playing

7 Alex ...... like the weathe r in winter.

A don't B isn't C doesn't

MOOl)U"

63

Page 62: Spark 1 grammar

• m Present Simple vs Present Continuous

MOOUU6

64

6 Put the words In the correct order to 8 form questions. Then answer them.

Put the verbs In the present s;mple or

the present continuous.

1 momen t/brea kf as t/you/the/ a reI eat i ng/ at?

2 at/does/school/volleyball/play/your/

sometimes/friend?

...................................................... ... ... ... ...

.... ,., ..................•.. ... .. ........... .................. ... .

3 T-shirt!today/you/wearing/a/are?

............................................... .. ..... .......... .

......•.................•............... .......................

4 mum/cooking/dinner l is/your/ tonight?

..... ' ......................... " ............. ' ............... ... .

.....................•........ ............................ ....... .

5 the/your/do/parenls/cinema/often/go/to?

................................................. .................

..................... ... .......................................... 6 snowing/is/now/it?

.............•...................... ... . ................ ... .......

7 shopping/you/going/a re/weekend/this?

7

...........•.............. ................................ . .......

a) Look at the Information, then talk

about the person.

Frank -firefighter • work from 10 am to 8 pm e\'ery day

• save people from fires

• wear hi!! uniform now

• go on holiday 10 Rome next week

b) In pairs, ask and answer questions,

as In the example.

1 A: ................................ ......... (Brian / play)

computer games now?

B: No, he .................................... (s leep) .

2 A: .................... (you / know) where she is?

B: She .................. (wash) the dishes now .

3 A: ... ................ (you / like) b reakfast cereal?

B: Yes, I .............................. . (eat) a bowl

every morning .

4 A: .............. (you/ want) to come with me?

9

B: I can't. I .................................... . (play)

football wi th my friends in an hour .

a) Fill In the correct form of the verbs

below .

Every winter my brother, my sister and I make a snowman. We 1) heavy jackets and thick

gloves to keep warm We 2) .. ........... .

m the garden and our mum 3) .. ... .

us from the window. Our dad sometimes

4) ........................... us bUild the snowman .

After that, our mum 5) ......... ..... ........... hot

chocolate for us. We always 6) ............. .......... .

a great time.

b) Fill In the gaps with the correct

form of the verbs In brackets.

It's a hot and sunny day loday. I'm at the beach with

my family. My mum 1) (swim) in the

sea now. My dad 2) ......... ........... ......... (read) a book and my sister 3) ............................ (play) with

our dog. I 4) ......................... .. ... (sit) with my

brother, Nick. We 5) ........ .. ..... ............... (talk)

about ou r favourite films. Everyone 6) ....... ............. .

(enjoy) themselves. I really love the summer time!

Page 63: Spark 1 grammar

Present Simple vs Present Continuous m 10 Put the verbs in brackets In the prelent

simple or the present continuous.

john: 11) (love) the beach.

Mary: Me too. Where are Mike and Fiona? john: I 2) .................................. (not/ know) .

Mary: Look! There they are!

They 3) ................................... (swim).

john: They 4) ..................................... (look)

very happy in the water. Mory: Yes, they do. 5) .................................. ..

(you/ want) an ice cream? john: Yes, but I 6) ....................................... ..

(not/want) chocolate again.

Fiona: Hi, Terry. What 1) ........... .... ................ .

(you/ do) tonight?

Terry: I 2) ........................................... (have)

basketball practice after school.

Fiono: 3) ......................................... (you/ go)

home after practice?

Terry: Yes. I 4) .................................... (walk)

the dog tonight because my parents

5) ........................ (visit) some friends.

FionD: 7) .............. ... .................... , ................. .

(you / usually/ take) the dog to the park?

Terry: Yes. 7) .............................................. .. .

(you/ want) to come with me? Fiona: That's a great idea!

11 Write true sentences about yourself.

Use the adverbs and adverbial phrases

below.

• every day • now • usually

• at the weekends • never • today

1 ............................................................. .

2 3 ..................................................... ........ .

4

5 ............................................................. . 6 ............................................................. .

12 Put the verbs In brackets Into the

present simple or present continuous.

Dear Martini Greetings from Wales! 1) ...................... (be) on holiday with my family. We 2) ..................... (visit) some of our cousins. The weather 3) .... ............. (be) lovely. It usually 4) .......................... . (rain) a lot in the springl but not this year. Today, the sun S) ...................................... (shine). We 6) ........................... (visit) the sights every afternoon. My little brother 7) ................. (love) the old castles here in Wales. He usually 8) ...................... (run) around them for hours. Tomorrow, we 9) ........................... (climb) a mountain and then we 10) ..................... (have) a picnic by a lake. Everything is just perfect! See you soon, Alan

Speaking

13 Look at the pictures and the

prompts. Describe

them using the

present simple or

present continuous. beach - helmets - cycle

library - red shirt -study/drink coffee

Writing

restaurant - shirts/ dresses - eat lunch/laugh

14 Choose a picture and write a short description of it.

,",OOOU6

65

Page 64: Spark 1 grammar

Exploring Grammar (Units 21-22)

1

• p impl JS

C nt r 0 ~

a ) Read the text . Underline the verbs

In the present simple. When do we use

the simple? _ _ .....viii

~u.

66

Angela lives in the city, but now she and her friends are on a skiing trip in the mountains. They're celebrating

Angela's birthday today. They're staying at a beautiful hotel on a mountain. Angela

loves skiing, so they go there every winter for her birthday. The weather is very nice today. The skies are bright blue and there is very little wind. It is usually colder so they are very lucky. It snows on the mountain every night and the conditions are perfect. There are many activities for Angela and her friends to do every day. They usuaUy go skiing or snowboarding in the morning, and in the afternoon they visit the busy village that's near their hotel. They go shopping and eat lunch there. Today they are planning to buy souvenirs because they're leaving tomorrow. It's their last day so they are having dinner in a nice restaurant tonight. Everyone is having a great time and they don't want to leave.

2

b) Write the verbs In the present simple

In the negative form. Which verb do

we use to form the negative? What are

the changes to the main verb?

a) Read the text again and circle the

verbs in the present continuous. When

do we use the present continuous?

b) What Is the spelling rule for the

ending of verbs like having? Can you

think of two more rules?

3

4

Look at the highlighted verb forms and

match them to their uses :

• permanent sta te • habit/ routine

• action happening at the time of speaking

• fixed arrangement in the near future

Answer the questions using

Information from the text.

1 Why is it a specia l day for Angela today?

2 Where are Angela and her friends staying?

3 What activities do Angela and her friends do

every day?

4 What are they doing tonight?

5 1

2

3

4

5

Put the verbs into the present simple or

present continuous.

A:

B:

A:

B:

A:

B:

A: B:

A:

B:

Why ...................................... (you/ sit)

in here?

Because it ........................................... .

(snow) outside.

How often .................. ............. ........... .

(you/ meet) your friends?

I ...................................... (meet) them

every weekend .

What .................................... (you/ do)

on Saturdays?

I always ......................... (play) football

and then I .................. (go) swimming.

Where are Angela and her friends?

They ........................................ (study)

in the school library.

..................................... (you /want) to

come over for dinner tomorrow night?

I'm sorry but I can't. I ........................ ..

(v isit) my grandparents tomorrow.

Page 65: Spark 1 grammar

Circle the correct item.

1 Those are not ...... skis.

A them B their C they

2 ...... Stan like bowling?

A Does B Is C Do

3 He likes ...... baseball.

A play B to playing C playing

4 " ...... do you go to the gym?"

"Every day."

A Why B How long C How often

5 " ...... is that man?"

"He's my maths teacher."

A Whose B Which C Who

6 They're buying a new car. . ..... car IS

expensive.

A The B A C An

7 The ch ildren ...... TV in the evening.

A watching B watches C watch

8 What's you r ...... name?

A mum's B mum C mums'

9 "Has he got sunglasses?"

"No, he ....... "

A haven't B hasn't C has

10 They ... ... having an English lesson at the

moment.

A is B do Care

Revision (Units 1-22)

11 I ...... a new school bag.

A needs B am needing C need

12 Can I have ...... bread, please?

A some B any C an

13 "Tomorrow we ...... the market."

A are visiting B visits C visit

14 ...... are some cushions on the sofa.

A This B There C They

15 "What ...... grandma making for dinner?"

A are B am C is

16 /I •••••• is this bag?"

"Sam's."

A Which B Whose C Who

17 How ...... apples do you want?

A long B much C many

18 "What time do you get up?"

" ...... 7:30 in the morning."

A At B In C On

19 ...... are my dogs, Dexter and Rex.

A These B That C This

20 Tom is older ...... Pete.

A of B than C from

( Pomts: \ 20 )

MOOULl 6

67

Page 66: Spark 1 grammar

~ Countable/Uncountable nouns

MODIJLE 7

68

• Countable nouns are nouns which we can

count .

,

• Uncountable nouns are nouns which we

cannot count.

1 Write C (countable) or U (uncountable)

for each. Then write the plural forms of

the countable nouns.

1 orange 10 egg 2 butter 11 rice

3 bread 12 yoghurt

4 corn 13 strawberry

5 water 14 coffee

6 carrot 15 meat

7 cheese 16 biscuit

8 oi l 17 grape

9 garliC 18 lamb

, ..............................................

2 Match the columns, as in the example.

[ID a loaf of a rice [IT] a sl ice of b sugar [IT] a bottle of c tea

I1D a bowl of d milk

[ID a bag of e bread

[IT] a carton of f cake

lID a cup of g pizza

[IT] a piece of h water

• Uncountable nouns usually have only

singular forms. These nouns include: food: cheese, yoghurt, rice, meat, bread, sugar, butler, etc liquid: water, milk, tea, coffee, ete

• We can use the following nouns in front of some uncountable nouns to show quantity.

3

. ~

.,/ p e orton

Circle the uncountable noun in each

group.

1 apple - rice - burger - pancake

2 butter - banana - potato - grape

3 carrot - beef - pickle - biscuit

4 egg - orange - lemon - milk

5 lettuce - sandwich - strawberry - tomato

4 Writing You need to go shopping. Write your

shopping list.

Shopping List

Page 67: Spark 1 grammar

A/An - Some/ Any ~

. , I

There is an apple. There are some apples. There is some app le juice.

There isn't an apple. There aren't any apples. There isn't any apple juice.

Is there an apple? Are there any apples? Is there any apple juice?

• We use a/an in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences with countable nouns in the singular.

o • We can use a/ an when there is an adjective before a

noun . We don' t use a/ an before adjectives if they are not followed by a noun.

b;~

• We use some in affirmative sentences with plural countable nouns and with uncountable nouns.

"' Note: We can use some in interrogative sentences to

make offers or requests. (offer)

(requesl)

some A

. me r

any t any

• We use any in negative and interrogative sentences with counta ble nouns in the plural and uncountable nouns .

1 Fill In with a, an or some, as in the example.

, orange 2 ............... cake 3 ............... pizza 4 .............. . bread

5 ............... biscuit 6 ........ ....... ce rea l 7 ............... egg 8 ............. orange juice

MOOlJlE 1

69

Page 68: Spark 1 grammar

~ A/An - Some/Any

2 Circle the correct Item.

MODULE 7

70

1 Can I have ...... tea, please?

A any B some C an

2 There aren't ...... lemons in the fridge.

A some B an C any

3 Would you like ...... apple?

A some B a C an

4 Do we have ...... eggs?

A any B an C a

5 Let's order ...... pizza for dinner.

A any 8 a C an

6 We need ...... flour to make a cake.

A any 8 an C some

7 I would like ...... bottle of water, please.

A some B an C a

8 Can you get me ...... orange, please?

3

1

2

3 4

5 6

7

8

A any B an C a

Loo k at the picture. Underline the

correct verb and fill in some, any, a or

an, as in the example.

There is/ isn' t bread in the picture.

There are/a re n' t ................. grapes.

There are/a re n't ................. oranges.

There is/isn 't ................. glass of mi lk.

There is/isn 't ............. .... fish.

There is/isn't ................. cheese.

There a re/aren 't ................. carrots.

There is/isn 't ................. pasta.

4

5

Speaking Look at the picture, then use the

words In the list to talk about It, as In

the example. Use some or any.

• bread • butter • potatoes • meat

• milk • lettuce • cheese • corn

• strawberries • tomatoes

Writing Imagine you 're having a birthday

party. Write what there jj or there Isn 't

on the table using a(n), some or any.

milk (X) water (,f) orange iuice (.I)

sandwiches (.I)

pasta (X) salad (,f)

pizza (,f) soup (X) chocolate (X) biscuits (.I)

crisps (,f) birthday cake (,f)

Page 69: Spark 1 grammar

Much/Many - A lot of - A few/A little-=-J

a lot (of)/Iots (of)

(how) many

(not) many

a few

(very) few

a lot (of)/Iots (of)

(how) much

(not) much

a little

(very) little

• We normally use a lot of/ lots of in affirmative sentences with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns . We omit of when a lot/ lots is not followed by a noun.

10 oj If

BUT

• We normally use much and many in questions and negations. Much is followed by uncountable nouns and many is

followed by countable nouns . f1 tlcl! .,

• We use how much and how many in questions.

How much + uncountable noun (amount)

" How many + countable noun (number) I- r 0 ') bl Itt

• We use a few with p lural countable nouns (apples, pears, ele). A few means not many, but enough .

• Few means hardly any, almost none, but not enough.

We use very with it for emphasis. r 1 ~

• We use a little with uncountable nouns (milk, honey,

water, ete).

A little means not much, but enough.

I

• little means hardly any, almost nothing, but not enough. We use very with it for emphasis.

v I1

N

y u

ve

of. JOb of

much

much ."e'e:c

How ,"an~ apples N t many

!

MOOOl( 1

71

Page 70: Spark 1 grammar

~ Much/Many - A lot of - A few / A little

1 Filii": (a) few, (a) little.

1 We have got .................. strawberries but

only .................. cream. 2 You need to add .................. salt to the mix.

3 There are .................. plates on the table.

4 There is very .................. coffee in the pot. I

have to make some more

5 We need .......... , ... .... butter for the cake.

6 Only ................. children went to the party. 7 She knows ............. ..... people in her new

school. She feels unhappy

8 Just add ................. milk and ................ .. sugar.

9 There are very .................. potatoes left. I

need to buy some more.

10 She always has .................. biscuits with her

tea.

2 Circle the correct Item.

1 She doesn't eat ...... bread.

A a lot B much C many

2 How ...... cream do you want with your

strawberries?

A much B many C a little

3 We need ...... oranges to make juice .

A a little B a lot C a few

4 Sean eats ...... pancakes for breakfast eve ry

day. A a few B a little C a lot

5 It 's not good for you to ea t .... .. chocolate.

A many B a little C a lot of

6 How ...... pasta do you want?

A many B little C much

7 How ...... berries have you got?

A a little B much C many

8 There isn't ...... garlic in the soup.

A many B much Clot

MODULI 7

72

3 Fill In: (how) much, (how) many, a lot of.

A: 1) tomatoes do we need?

B: We need 2) ... ...... ..... ...... . ..... tomatoes.

We' re cooking for four people.

A: 3) ............ , .......... ... on ions do you want?

B: I only need one onion.

A: There aren't 4) .......................... carrots left.

Do you need 5) .......................... ?

B: No, I jus t want two carrots. Is there

6) ..................... salt in the cupboard?

A: Let me see! There's a kilo.

B: That's 7) ........................ .. salt! OK. l et's

4

5

start cooking! --------------_/

Speaking Work In pairs . Ask each other

questions about your eating habits.

Ask about:

• milk • water • yoghurt • fruit

• vege tables • bread • cheese

• pasta • pizza • meat • ch icken

• fish • cake • chocolate

Writing Use your partner's answers from the

Speaking activity to write a short

paragraph about his/ her eating habits.

Page 71: Spark 1 grammar

Be going ton

am going to 'm going to am not going to 'm not going to you are going to yo u ' re going to you are not going to you aren't going to he

} is going to

he

} 's going to

he

} is not going to

he

} isn ' t go ing to she she she she

it it it it

we

} are go ing to

we

} ' re going to

we

} are not going to

we

} aren't going to you yo u you yo u

they they they they

Time expressions used with Am going to ... ? Yes, I a m. No, I'm not. be going to: tomorrow, this Are you go ing to ... ? Yes, you are . No, you aren't. weekend, next Monday/etc,

{ he Yes, he is. No, he isn't. next month/week/ete

Is she }. , Yes, she is. No, she isn't . gomg to ....

it Yes, it is . No, it isn ' t .

{ we Yes, we are. No, we aren' t.

Are }. , Yes, you are . No, you aren' t. you gOing to ....

they Yes, they are . No, they a ren 't.

Use

We use be going to: • to talk about our future plans and intentions.

(= He's planning to ... )

• to make pred icti ons based on what we can see.

(= They are at the car dea lersh ip.)

1 Use the phrases to complete the se ntences .

• go to the supermarket • wear a coat • have a party • work on Saturdays

• watch the parade • cook a special meal • drink some water

1 There isn't any food in the fridge.

I

2 Ray's friends are coming to his house for

dinner tonight.

He ........................................................... .

3 I want to earn some extra money for my

holiday.

I ........... .................. ......... ................... ..... .

4 It is cold outside.

S~ ..................................................... . 5 Sam is thirsty.

He ........................... ................................ .

6 There is a carnival tomorrow.

We .......................................................... .

7 It's Susan's bi rthday.

S~ ..................................................... .

MODUlE 7

73

Page 72: Spark 1 grammar

~BegO;ngto

2 Look at the pictures and write what

han Is/ Isn 't going to do.

1 2 souvenirs (.I) 3

swimsuit CX)

Evan camera (.r)

I ~ tennis umbrella (X)

racquet (X)

1 He fly to Mexico.

2 He ...................................... buy souvenirs.

3 He ........................................ ........... swim.

4 He ..................... take lots of photographs.

5 He .......................................... play tennis.

6 He ........... .................................. eat tacos.

7 He ........................ .. , ...... take an umbrella.

3 Put the words In the correct order to

make sentences.

1 and/have/ I/chips/going/burger/to/am/a

2 tomatoes/to/are/buy /you/going/any?

3 visit/l aura/is/Paris/nex t/going/not/ month/

to

4 not/going/he/is/to/tomorrow/work

5 buy/Saturday/to/going/on/new/Sarah and

Sue/clothes/are

6 month/they/to/going/fly/are/to/

london/next?

MODULE'

74

4 Write questions with bl! going to.

1 We are going to the cinema. (what time/

meet)?

2 Ingrid is going to the shopping centre.

(what/ buy)?

3 Mark and Sharon are going out for lunch.

(where/ eat)?

4 There is a Scottish music concert.

(how long / last)?

5 I'm going to the festival. (who/ go with)?

6 My cousin is coming over for d inner.

(what/ cook)?

7 My parents are going to Spain .

(how long / stay)?

8 They are going to the carnival. (what/ wear)?

5 1

Fill In the gaps with the correct form of

bl! going to and the verbs in brackets.

We .................................. ...................... ... .

(watch) the basketball game on television.

2 ....................... ..... ...... ....... ........................ . (you/ have) a party for your birthday?

3 I ........................................................... .... .

(fly) to Paris next weekend with my sister.

4 They ......................... .............. (decorate)

the floats thi s evening for the ca rn ival.

5 We .......................................... .. (visit) the

museums and art galleries in London.

6 Terry and Bill ............................... ............. .

(not / play) football on Saturday.

7 ............ ........................... ... ... (you / come)

to the concert with me?

8 I ....... .......................... ............ (not/have)

any breakfast thi s morning.

Page 73: Spark 1 grammar

6 Look at the Brents' family diary for

next week.

In pairs, ask and answer

questions

using the

prompts,

as In the

example.

lI.uneilY Jack and Julie - tidy their rooms

A!\eneilY Mrs Brent - go to the supermarket

~UE:\eilY Julle - go to dance lessons

'fI/E:e"~,,ei'lY Mr Brent - play tennIS

~hUP"eilY Jack and JuIIe - VISit their fnends

fP;eilY Mrs Brent - make a cake

~iI~u"eilY Jack and Julie - have a party

1 Jack and Julie/thei r rooms/Monday? A:

B:

2 Mrs Brent/go to the supermarket/Monday? A:

B: 3 Julie/pJay tennis/Tuesday?

A: ....................................................... ..... . B................ ....................... .

4 Mr Brent/go out for dinner/Wednesday?

A: ............................................... ..... ... ..... . B: ................... ........ ................................. .

5 lack and Julie/visit their friends/Thursday? A: ............................................................ .

B: ....................... ......... ............................ . 6 Mrs Brent/make a cake/Saturday?

A..................... ............................ .

B ................. .......................................... . .

BegO;ngto~

7 Complete the text using the verbs In

brackets with be going to.

Hi Sarah,

Every Sunday, my family and I go cycling but

next Sunday. we I) (go) . It

2) .............................. (be) a hot day. so our parents J) ......................... (drive) us (0 the beach. We

4) ........................... (swim) in the sea for the first time this year. We 5) .............................. (wake up) very early in the morning. as the beach is far away. My older brother, Jim,

6) .......................................... (work) all day. so he 7) .............................. (come). We 8) ............................. .

(take) lots of photos for him. It 9) .............................. (be)

a wonderful day and we 10) .............................. (have) such a lot of fun. What are your plans1 Love,

Betty

8 Use be going to and the time expressions

below to write about yourself.

1 Tonight,

2 Next week, ....................................... ........ .

3 This afternoon, ............................... .......... .

4 On Saturday morning, .............................. .

9 Speaking Work In pairs. Ask each other what

you are going to do:

• this afternoon • tonight • next week

• tomorrow evening • on Saturday night

Writing lo use your partner's answers from the

Speaking activity to write about his/

her plans.

MOOO Ll 1

75

Page 74: Spark 1 grammar

5 WIII

MODULl7

76

Form w ill + base form of the main ve rb

I/You/He/ She/ lt/We/You/They will go.

I/You/He/She/ lt/We/You/They will no t /won't go.

Will I/you/ he/she/ it/we/you/ they go?

Yes, I/you/ he/she/ it/we/you/ they will. No, I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they won't.

Use

We use will :

• for future actions which

mayor may not happen.

• for predict ions about the future.

• for promises, threats or warnings .

• for on-the-spol decisions.

Ih

• wi th the verbs hope, think, believe, expect,

ele.

• with the expressions I' m sure, I'm afraid, ele.

• with the adverbs probably, perhaps, ete.

J. rH

Time expressions used with will: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week/month/year, tonight, soon, in a week/month, ete

11 Make sentences using the prompts, as

In the example.

1 The flat is a mess. (we/ tidy up)

2 It's a beautifu l day. (we/ go fo r/ a walk)

3 I am hungry. (I/ make / a sandwich)

4 John and Karen are back. (we/ probably/

visit/ them)

5 I feel terrib le. (I/call / the doctor)

6 I need a hot drink. (I/ make/a cup of tea)

12 In pairs, ask and answer questions

using the prompts, as in the example.

1 travel abroad this summer

2 go to university when you fin ish school

3 have a party on your bi rthday this year

4 learn how to drive next summer

5 watch a DVD this weekend

6 go out on Saturday

7 visit your grandparents at the weekend

8 go shopping next week

Page 75: Spark 1 grammar

13 Read the sentences below a nd mark

them as a, b, c or d according to what

they express.

1

2

3

4

5

6 7

S

9

a prediction about the future

b threat or warning

( promise

d on-the.spot decision

I'm very hungry. I' ll buy a sandwich.

Don't worry. I'll (all you when I get

there.

Mobile phones won't exist in 100

years.

She'll probably be late tonight.

Is that joe? I' ll open the door fo r him.

I think you will like Tokyo very much.

I'll do my best to be there on time.

Stop talking or I'll send you to the

headmaster.

I think I'll go to the cinema tonight.

14 Match the items, as in the example.

a will be

b '11 get

( '11 close

d '11 call

e will win

f won't come

g '11 take

h '11 go

ITIJ Set the alarm for 6 or you ...... late.

[ICJ I'm afraid she ...... to the party

tomorrow.

[1[] Clean up your mess or Mum ...... very

angry.

[ID I need to borrow a book. I ...... to the

library.

CID She believes he ...... the race.

[I[J It's very cold. I ...... the window.

[IIJ I'm tired. I ...... a nap.

l!IJ I promise. I ...... you as soon as I arrive.

wm..:::.:1 15 Answer the questions about yourself

using I think, , hope, I believe, I expect,

probably or perhaps.

1 Where will you go on holiday this summer?

2 What will you buy your sister for her

birthday?

3 Where will you be at 9 0 ' clock tomorrow

evening?

4 When will you next visit your grandparents?

5 Who will you invite to your birthday party?

6 What will you do on New Year's Eve?

16 These are Paul and Harrlet 's predictions

for the year 2100. Put the words in the

correct order to form sentence s.

1 there/ a!volcanic/be!will!eruption!great

2 will! flying /develop/scientisls!cars

3 robots!all!do/will/the/housework

4 live/planets!people/will /other/on

5 a/huge/hit/the Pacific islands/will / tsunami

6 diseases!be/ no/will / there/serious

7 people! to! travel ! other /will /galaxies

8 wil l/cars/ flying /people/drive

UOOUlE 7

77

Page 76: Spark 1 grammar

~ Be going to vs Will

Be going to is used:

• to talk about futu re plans and intentions.

(future plan)

(in tention)

• to make predictions based on what we see or know.

17 Fill In the gaps with will or be going to

and the verb in brackets, as in the

example.

1 A: I'm too tired to go to the cinema. S: Don't worry. We (rent) a DVD,

instead.

2 A: Let's move the sofa to the living room.

B: You ...................... .................... (hurt)

your back if you do.

3 A: What are you doing on Sunday?

B: 1 .............. .................... (have) a picnic

with my friends.

4 A: The phone's ringing.

B: I .............................................. (get) itl

5 A: Would you like some coffee?

B: I ................................ (have) some tea

instead, please.

6 A: What .................................................. ..

(Sa lly/ do) with her lottery money'

B: She ........................... (buy) a new flat.

7 A: Where ................................................ ..

(you/ spend) your holiday?

B: I'm afraid I ............. .... .. ............... ... ... .

(not/ go) on holiday this yea r.

S A: Look at that tree!

B: Oh, no! It ......................... (fa ll) down.

MODUli 7

78

Will is used:

• to express on-the-spot decisions .

• to make predictions based on what we think or imagine.

• for threats or warnings .

• for promises.

18 Underline the correct option.

1 Now that she has enough money, I'm sure

she is going to buy/ will buy a new car.

2 It 's very hot today. I a m going to go/' II go

to the beach after lunch.

3 She is going to call / will call us when she

arrives in Paris.

4 Martin is go ing to become/wi[1 become a

great doctor one day. S I promise [' 11 be /am going to be back on

time. 6 Now that she is 22 years old, she is going to

[ive/' lIli ve on her own.

7 You are going to be/ will be tired if you stay

up all night.

S I studied ve ry hard. I'm sure I will get/ am

going to get excellent grades.

9 Andrew is going to drive/ will drive to New

York tomorrow evening.

10 Look! She will fall down/ is going to fa ll

down. 11 I think I am going to 90 /, 11 go to bed.

12 It 's very quiet in here. I will turn / am going

to turn on the radio.

13 Will you take out/ Are you going to take

out the rubbish, please?

14 Life will be / is going to be better in fifty

years from now.

Page 77: Spark 1 grammar

19 Choose the c:orrect item.

1 I ...... learn tango one day.

A am going to B will

2 John and Liz

A will

buy a new car next week.

B are going to

3 Don't worry, Peter. I ...... help you with your

homework!

A will B am going to

4 My teacher thinks I ...... be a great dancer.

A will B am going to

5 This dress is gorgeous. I ...... buy it.

A will B am going to

6 Stop right there or I ...... call the police!

A am going to B will

7 I'm sure she .. .... be on time for the meeting.

A is going to 8 will

8 We ...... make a cake this afternoon.

A are going to B will

9 Next summer, I ...... travel to India.

A will B am going to

10 ...... have a party for your next birthday?

A Will you B Are you going to

11 After lunch, Pau l ...... do the shopping.

A going to B will probably

12 The alarm has gone off ....... switch it off?

A Are you going to B Will

13 I don't know when he ...... be back.

A will B is going to

14 I'm sure we ...... meet again.

A are going to B will

15 We ...... visit Japan one day.

A are going to 8 will

16 She studies very hard. She ...... get excellent

grades.

A is going to B will to

Be going to vs Will~

20 Fill in the gaps with will or the c:orrect

form of be going to and the verb in

brac:kets, as in the example.

A: Let's go to the basketball game on Sunday.

B: I'm afraid I can't. I 1) ............................... .

(help) my sister.

A: Oh, yes. She is moving house, isn't she?

B: That's right. 2) ......................................... .

(you/ give) us a hand?

A: Certainly. I'd love to. What time?

B: I am not sure yet. I 3) .................. .... ... ..... .

........................ (probably/phone) you on Friday to tell you. 15 that OK with you?

A: Yes, I think I 4) .................... (be) at home

all day on Friday.

B: Great. What 5) ............................ (we/do) tonight?

A: We can go for a walk.

B: Mm, I am not sure that's a good idea. Look

at those clouds. It 6) .................. .............. .

(ra in).

A: How about watching a OVO, then?

8: Great idea!

Speaking 21 What are your fixed arrangements for

next week? Tell your partner.

Writing 22 Use the answers from the Speaking

activity to write a paragraph about

your fixed arrangements for next

week.

MOOUU 7

79

Page 78: Spark 1 grammar

'@JMust/Mustn't - Can/Can't - Have to/Don't have to

1

~-"'."'ODUU 7

80

Mu, t / Mu,tn' t

We use must/ mustn't to: • express obligation or duty.

duty.) • give strong advice.

lU (It', your

(I strongly advise you to be polite to your teachers.)

(I advise you not to eat too much choco late.)

• express prohib ition.

(It's not allowed./ lt's forbidden./Thal's the law.)

Can/ Can't

We use can to:

• talk about ability. (She i, able to.) • ask for or give permission.

(You are allowed to.) • show possibility.

We use can 't to refuse permission. (You aren't allowed to.)

Have to/ Don' t have to

a

(I' it OK if I ... 1)

(I", possible.)

We use have to to express obligation and neceSSity.

(He is obliged to.)

We use don 't / doesn't have to to express lack of obl igation and neceSSity.

(She isn't obliged to.) !

(It isn't necessary.)

Fill In the sentences with must and musrn'r.

1 You ........................ eat chips every day. 7 You ........................ take photographs in 2 You ........................ brush your teeth the museum.

before you go to bed. 8 You ........................ do your homework 3 You ........................ keep meat in the fridge. every day. 4 You ........................ talk in the classroom. 9 You ........................ go to bed early on

S You .... .................... drink too much coffee. weekdays. 6 You ........................ keep your room tidy. 10 You .................... .. .. spend too much time

watch ing TV every day.

Page 79: Spark 1 grammar

Must/Mustn't - Can/Can't - Have to/Don't have to ~

2 Fill In the gaps with can and can't.

1 Marcia go to school today; she's got the ffu.

2 She ....... .... play the guitar very well.

3 You ........... borrow my laptop. I'm not

using it right now.

4 I ........... do my maths homework. Can you

help me? 5 You ........... buy some very nice clothes in

this shop. 6 You ........... use your mobile phone in class.

7 Mark is twelve; he ........... drive his dad's car. 8 Susie ........... draw very well.

9 You ........... be late for school. Your teacher

will be angry.

10 Grace is only four years old. She ........... read

3

yet.

Fill In the gaps with have/has to or don't/

doesn't have to.

1 Kevin is ill; he go to the doctor.

2 You ................... wash the dishes; I' ll do it.

3 Mum ............... ........ cook for the children.

They'll be home soon.

4 You ......................... bring your laptop. We

can use mine.

S There is a lot of work to do; we ................ .

work till late at night.

6 Nicole is a nurse; she ........................ wear

a uniform at work.

7 It's Sunday; we ................................ go to

school today.

8 It's Susan's birthday; we .................... ....... .

buy her a present.

9 We've got enough time; we ..................... .

to hurry.

10 I'm going home; I .................................... .

feed the dog.

4 Write full sentences, as In the example.

must / mustn't

1 It's eleven o'clock. (you/go to/bed)

2 There are crocodiles in the river.

(you/not swim there)

3 Skateboarding can be dangerous.

(you/wear/helmet)

4 My friend is sick. (she/call/doctor)

S That pan is hot. (you/not touch it)

can / can' t

1 This toy store is huge.

(you/buy/any toy/you want/ here)

2 You are doing your homework.

(you/watch/TV / now)

3 This cheeseburger tastes awful. (I/eat/it)

4 I'm not doing anything this weekend.

(we/go/camping/in the mountains)

5 It's St Patrick's Day tomorrow.

(we/go/to the parade)

have to / don 't have to

1 We can listen to music on my iPod.

(you/bring/yours)

2 Tina wants to be healthy.

(she/ea t / more fruit and vegetables)

3 Our flight leaves at 9 o'clock.

(we/be/at the airport/at 7)

4 Gary is very rich. (he/work)

MOOUU 7

81

Page 80: Spark 1 grammar

~ Must/Mustn't - Can/Can't - Have to/Don't have to

5

6

Match the s igns to the sentences.

ITIJ You mustn't enter.

[I[J You mustn't swim here.

[I[J You must stop.

I3IJ You mustn't turn righ t.

Underline the <arrect item.

1 lames broke his leg; he can/ has to wear a

cast.

2 Turtles can ' t/ mustn' t move fast.

3 Kangaroos can/ must jump very high.

4 Foot Guards can / have to wear b lack

trousers, a red jacket and a b la ck hat.

5 You must n' t / do n' t have to eat pizza if you

want to lose weight.

6 You mustn ' t / don ' t have to clean the house

by yourself; I' ll help you.

7 We can / must study hard for tomo rrow's

test.

8 I can ' t / don't have to eat cow brain; I think

it's d isgusting.

9 My fr iend is ill. She can/ has to see the

doctor.

10 I haven't got any plans for this weekend. If

you want, we can / have to go camping in

the mountains.

11 Grace is very tired; she can / must get some

rest.

12 The water of the lake is ve ry dirty. You

mustn ' t / don' t have to swim here.

MODULE 1

82

7 Complete the sentences using an

approriate modal verb.

1 I strong ly adv ise yo u no t to eat too many

sweets.

You

2 Gene is obliged to be at work at 8 o'clock

every day.

Gene .... ..................... ........ ................. .... .. .

3 We are n' t o bliged to clean t he house.

We ............. ................................. ........ ..... .

4 I stro ng ly advise you to wea r a sea tbelt

when you drive a car.

You .......................................................... .

S You are n ' t al lowed to stay out late tonig ht.

You .................. ........ ............ ............ ....... ..

6 Kelly is able to run faster than Tony.

~~ ............................. .

7 It is yo ur duty to be pol ite to the elderly.

You ............................ .............................. .

8 Is it OK if I go to the cinema ton ight?

8

9

Speaking Tell your partner what he / she must/

mustn 't do In the classroom. Use the

following Ideas:

• listen • be po lite • be qu iet • eat

• talk • play

Writing Write what you must a nd mustn ' t do

whe n you a re In the classroom. You

ca n use the Ideas from the Speaking

activity and your own ideas.

e

Page 81: Spark 1 grammar

1

• Countable/Uncountdble n.

What Is a countable/ uncountable noun?

Find three uncountable nouns and two

countable nouns related to food In the

text . Give more examples.

~ ... Do you like eating out? Then you must visit Flavours Restau rant. It's a cosy restaurant with a few tables for large groups. It's a great place for kids but you mustn't bring any pets! You don't have to book in advance, but it's a good idea at the weekends -otherwise you' ll have to wait for a table. The menu includes a lot of good, old-fashioned English dishes. You can have fish, meat. salads, rice or pasta. Why not have some home-made tomato soup to start or an egg and lettuce starter? There aren't many vegetarian dishes but the Veggie shepherd's pie is wonderful. Next time Igo, I'm gOing to try a pizza with six toppings - it looks really yummy! At lunchtimes, they do a delicious roast beef sandwich with lettuce, tomato, cucumber and a little cheese - all between two slices of wholemeal bread, without any butter. As for the desserts, you will not be disappointed. For a healthy option, you can have a fresh fruit salad (which doesn't have much sugar) or forget the diet and enjoy their delicious chocolate pudding with custard. I'm sure you will enjoy eating out at Flavours Restaurant.

• A, s

2 When do we use a/ an and some/ any?

Find examples In the text.

Exploring Grammar (Units 23-27)

3

4

5

• ny A __ t 0

I

a) Find and underline all the examples

of much, many and 0 lot of In the text .

Then write C (for countable nouns) and

U (for uncountable nouns) ne xt to e ach

word.

• much • many.... • a lot of ....

• a little • a few ....

b) Look at the sentences below. When

do we use how much and how many?

A: How much cheese do you want? B: Not much. Just a little. A: How many apples have you got? B: Four.

• go g to vs hrlll

a) Read the text and underline all the

will and be going to forms. What form

of the verb do we use after be going la?

How do we form the Interrogative and

negative?

b) When do we use: be going to? will?

• t, Mu t ve 0, Don

Can

a) Read the text and find examples of

musl/ musln 't, can/ con 't and have to/

don 't have to. What do they mean?

b) Underline the correct Item. Write

their synonym.

1 You must/can wash your hands before you eat.

2 Sally mustn't /can't cook very well. ............ . 3 You don' t have to/can 't wait for a table .

4 You don't have to/mustn 't smoke in English restaurants ........... , ... , ............... .

5 Susan ca n't / doesn't have to clean her house ............................... .

MODUlE 7

83

Page 82: Spark 1 grammar

",OPUU 7

84

Revision (Units 1-27)

Circle the correct Item.

1 We have ...... vegetables left. let's make a

soup.

A a little B a few C a lot

2 " ...... is Mark?"

liMy brother's best friend."

A How B Who C Whose

3 We ...... go inside. It 's not safe.

A must B mustn't C can

4 He always ...... up early in the morning.

A gets B get C is getting

5 I'm really thirsty. I ...... some orange juice.

A will get B am going to get C get

6 This is " .... apple pie.

A 6 8 an C a

7 That's not Bill's car ....... car is blue.

A Him B His C He

8 Would you like ...... ice cream?

A some B any C a few

9 There ...... any bananas.

A isn't 8 are C aren't

10 I ...... work on Sundays. The office is not

open.

A never B sometimes C always

11 Mark is older ...... his brother.

A of B than C from

12 He loves ...... golf in the summer.

A play B to playing C playing

13 It's sunny outside. You ...... take an umbrella

with you.

A mustn't B don't have to C can't

14 The piano is ...... the window.

A between B in front of C behind

15 My sister's birthday is ...... 10th Februa ry.

A on B in C at

16 It's ...... sunny today. It looks like it is going

to rain.

A extremely B not very C quite

17 How ...... sugar do you want?

A many B much C long

18 Can I have ...... slice of pizza, please?

A a B some C any

19 ...... like green tea? A Will you 8 Are you going to

C Do you

20 You ...... ride a bike without a helmet.

A mustn't B must

C don't have to

( POints: 20 )

Page 83: Spark 1 grammar

~--~--------__________ ~~vv~a~5~/vv~ere~

was was not wasn't Was I ... ? you were you were not you weren 't Were you ... ? he

}was

he

} was not

he

} wasn't { he .. .1

she she she Was she ... ? it it it it ... ? we

} were

we

} were not

we

} weren 't re? you you you Were you ... 7 they they they they ... ?

Yes, Ithe/she/it was . No, I/ he/she/ it wasn't.

Yes, we/you/ they were .

No, we/you/they weren 't .

• The past simple of the verb to be

is was/ were.

• We use was wi th I, he, she, it. • We use were with we, you, they.

• We form the interrogative with was/ were + subject pronoun .

• We form the negative with was/ were + not.

ri,

Time expressions used with was/were: yesterday, last week/month, two days! weeks! months/years ago, in 1997, ete

1 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

1 Where was Kale yesterday? 1 Where is Kate today?

2 Was she with friends? 2 Is she alone?

3 Where were her friends? 3 Where are her friends?

4 Was she ha ppy? 4 Is she happy?

MODULE &

85

Page 84: Spark 1 grammar

~ VVas/VVere

2 Use the prompts below to ask and

a nswer questions, a s In the example.

MOOllU B

86

1 MareD Polo/actor?/explorer

2 William Shakespeare/ king?/writer

3 El Greco/professor?/painter

4 Cleopatra/singer?/queen

5 Anna Pavlova/actress? /

dancer

6 William Wallace/American

president? IScottish warrior

3 Match the sentences in column A with

the ones in column B to form

exchanges.

[ID When were you in California?

[ID Where were you last night?

[I[J He was an excellent actor.

[ID What was the film like?

[]I] Were you at school?

[]I] Was Peter with you?

• a What was his most famous film?

b It was fantastic.

c No, he wasn't.

d last yea r.

e I was at the cinema.

f No, we were at football practice.

Speaking

4 Use the Ideas below to ask your

partner questions about each other.

5

• who/best friend(s)/eight yea rs old

• who/favourite teacher/two years ago

• what/favourite game/when/young

• who/hero/when/eight years old

• what/favourite sport/when/six years old

• how old/last year

• when/fifth birthday

• where/yesterday morning

VVriting Use your partner's answers to write a

short paragraph about him / her.

Page 85: Spark 1 grammar

1

, 2

3

4

2

____________ ~Had -.:J lIyou had

he/she/ it had

I/you did not have

he/she/ it did not have

I/you didn't have

he/she/ it didn't have

we/you/they had we/you/they did not have we/you/ they didn' t have

Did lIyou/he/she/it have ... ? Yes, I/you/he/she/ it/etc did .

Did we/you/they have ... ? No, I/you/he/she/it/etc didn 't .

• Had is the past simple of the verb have (got ). It is the same in all persons in the singular and plural.

• We form questions with did + subject + have. C I

• We form negations with did not/ d idn't + have.

NOTE: We don't use got in the past simple.

(NOT: He hod 90t Q computer.)

hove

~ad

Look at the pictu res . Write what Gabriel had/ didn 't have when he was five, as In the

example. I ,

••

football (,f) teddy bear (~)

helmet (,f)

Speaking In pain, ask and answer questions about what you had/ didn 't have when

you were five .

5 6

7

8

3

...... __ 3

cat (,f)

7

sunglasses (X)

Writing Use your pa rtner's answers from the

Speaking activity to write a short

paragraph about what he/ she had/

didn 't hove when he/ she was five.

MODULE I

87

Page 86: Spark 1 grammar

~COUld

MOOOl£'

88

1

,

I/You/He/She/lt/We/Yourrhey could sing.

I/You/He/She/ lt/We/Yourrhey could no t/ couldn' t sing.

Could I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they sing?

Yes, I/you/he/she/it/we/you/ they could .

No, I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they couldn 't .

• Could is the past simple of can . Could (was able to) is

the same in all persons in the singular and plural. 11

• We use could to express general ability and couldn ' t

to express lack of ability in the past.

(= he was ab le to; he had the ability)

Look at the pictures.

Write what 8ecky could/

couldn 't do when she was

eight, as In the

example.

5

(

have the ability.)

2. play tennis (.I)

\ ~ 5 . use a mobile phone (,I)

(0 He didn't

• ,',:; . 6. make

. :':', . biscuits (X)

7. send emails (.I)

photos (X)

2 She .............................................................. . 6 ..................................................... ............... . 3 .................................... ......................... ........

4 .................................................................... .

2 Speaking In pairs, ask and answer questions

about what you couldl couldn 't do when

you were eight.

7 ....................................... ............................. . 8

3 Writing Use your partner's answers to write a

short paragraph about what he/ she

could/ couldn 't do at the age of eight .

Page 87: Spark 1 grammar

--~~~~_There was/There were ~

This is a picture of Blackpool today. "This is a picture of Blackpool many years ago.

TI her .s t 1/ I

jsn 1

. There are I f 0/ ~ 'here There were"

There was

There were

nd u

There was not There wasn't There were not There weren't

wmn

Was there ... ?

Were there ... ?

There was/ There were is the past simple form of There is/ There are.

Use

• We use there was in the singular. ~f was • We use there were in the plural. were

Form

• We put was/ were before there to form questions. ftP

~ I [IJ 11

• We form negations by putting not after was/ were .

"

{Yes, there was.

No, there wasn't.

r Yes, there were. t No, there weren't.

1 This Is a picture of Sarah 's bedroom before she moved to a new house last week. Fill In

there was/ wasn't and there were/weren't.

1 .................................... a bed in the room, but

............................. a desk.

2 ............................ . some pillows on the bed.

3 ............................ any mirrors. but ................. ..

......... .......... some curtains.

4 ............................. some paintings on the walls,

but ......................................... any posters.

5 ............................. a sofa, but ........................ ..

...................... an armchair.

Page 88: Spark 1 grammar

~ There was/There were

2 Use the prompts to ask and

a nswer questions about

Ka l e's birthday party

MODULE B

90

last Saturday, as In

the example.

1 a clown? - No.

2 a bi rthday cake? - Yes. k .............................. ................. ......... .. .

s: ................................................... . 3 balloons? - No.

k ................... ............................... . s: ............................................... ............ .

4 snacks? - Yes. k ................. .............. .................. ......... .. .

s: ................................... ................. _ ...... . 5 g ifts? - Yes.

k ............................................................ . s: ......................... ......... ....... ................... .

6 a band? - No. A: ._ .................... _____ .. __ .... ___ ...... _ ... . s: ._ ................... ..... ... ..... _____ .... _____ _

3 Put the words In the correct order to

make sentences.

1 basketball / there/last/ a/nig ht/was/on /

match/TV?

2 fridge/any/weren't/in /yesterday/eggs/

there/the

3 the re/la st/ a/waslin/the I pa ra del Monday I street/big?

4 house/wasn't/ there/in/fireplace / Mark's/ al old

5 was/a/Sunday /James/there/last(TV / Bond/ on/film

6 there/people/Saturday /many /the /were/ last/shops/in?

4 Speaking Think back to one hundred years ago.

In pairs, look at the pictures and ask

and answer questions, as in the

example. ~t 7

0 -(8 bicycles (.I)

clocks (,I)

3 DV Os

(X)

5

newspapers (.,I )

glasses (,I ) s laplops (X)

7

q, skateboards (X)

Writing Use the Information from the Speaking

activity and write a short paragraph.

Page 89: Spark 1 grammar

Past Simple (regular verbs) ~

you } talked you } did not talk you } didn't talk

he

} talked

he } did not talk

he } didn't talk she she she

it it it we

} talked

we } did not talk

we } didn't talk you you you

DId nd Afl watch T they they they ,

'" drdn t tul11ed

( Yes, I/you/he/she/it/etc did . Did I/you/he/she/il/etc talk? N I1 Ih 1 h r 1 d 'd '

0, you e s e It ete I n t .

Spelling

• We form the past simple of regular verbs by adding -ed to the main verb.

re • We add -d to verbs ending in -e.

• Verbs ending in consonant + y, drop the -y and add -ied.

• Verbs ending in vowel + y, take -ed .

• Verbs ending in one stressed vowel

between two consonants double the last consonant and take -ed.

BUT

• Verbs ending in -I, double the -I and take -ed.

Form

• We form questions with the auxiliary verb

did + the subject pronoun + the base fo rm of the verb.

• We form negations with did not/didn't + the base form of the verb.

Use

• We use the past simple to describe actions which started and finished in the past. The

time is either stated or implied.

(When? Last Tuesday. The time is stated.)

(When? The time is not

mentioned, is implied. They returned last

Tuesday.)

Time express ions used with the post simple: yesterday, last week,

last month, last yea r, two days/weeks/months/years ago, in 1979, etc

MODUl tS

91

Page 90: Spark 1 grammar

m Past Simple (regular verbs)

MODULI I

92

1 1

2

3 4

5

6 7

8 9

10

2

Wri te the past simple of the

verbs.

watch play live travel

listen

study enjoy visil

drop cry

Put t he verbs In brackets

Into the past simple.

El Greeo 1) ...................... (live) on the

island of Crete , In Greece. He 1) .. .. .. ..... .. .. (train) to bean artist and al Ihe age of 16, he 3) .................... .

(travel) to Venice to learn more about pamtlng and sculpting. After a few years, he 4) .................. (move) 10 Rome and

5) ...................... (open) hIS own wor!<shop. He 6) ...................... (learn) many new skills while he was there and eventually he 7) ...................... (decide) to go to Spain. The people there 8) ...................... (love) his wor!< and he 9) ................ , ..... (stay) there unlil he

10) .................... (die) in 1614.

3

1

2

3 4

5 6

7

8 9

10

4 1

Write sentences saying what Molly did/ didn't do

la st Saturday ...... __ .= __ ~_-:-----­water garden ./ •

• • • • • • • • •

tidy her room X play tenniS with Curtis ./ re turn home for lunch ,f

play with her baby brother ,f

visit friends X watch TV ,f help her mum tidy the kitchen X

cook din.ner X liste n. to music ./

Put the verbs Into the past simple, then match the

questions to the answers .

What time ............. ........................ ... . (you/ return) home

from school yesterday?

2 Where ............ , .... ,""""" .... " ......... (Mark/ play) basketba ll last Tuesday?

3 What ... .. .. ............................................. (your mum/cook)

for dinner last night?

4 What .............................. (you/ study) yesterday morning?

5 Who ......... .................................. (you/Yisit) last weekend?

6 When ........................................... (Paul/ travel) to France?

7 How many emails .................................... (Sarah/ receive)

last month? 8 When ................................. (Anna/ start) learning English?

~ Grandma and granddad. ~ Maths.

[IT] When she was 7 years old. [IT] At the park.

~ At 4 o'clock. cg:o Chicken and ri ce .

@[] Last month. [IT] Eight.

Page 91: Spark 1 grammar

Past Simple (regular verbs) m 5 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

1

1 Did Jamie visit London last summer?

2 Did jamie enjoy the music concert last Saturday?

3 Did lamie talk with his friend on the phone

yesterday?

4 Did lamie play football with his friends last Sunday?

5 Did lamie wait for the school bus yesterday morning?

6 Did jamie help his grandmother with the gardening yesterday?

6 Put the verbs in brackets Into the past simple.

1 "When did Pablc Picasso die?" 6 The film ..................... (end) when the hero

"He ..................... ..... . (di e) in 1973." ....................... (return) to his own country.

2 Yesterday it ........................... (rain) all day. 7 We ............................... (play) tennis in the

3 Richard and his sister .......................... . park yesterday.

(wa lk) to school every day last week. S Michael and Sarah ......................... (travel)

4 Sarah ......... ....... ..... ... ....... ...... (not/ like) to Paris and ............................... (stay) in a

the film. It wasn't very funny. beautiful hotel last year.

5 Unfortunately, Tom ....................... (arri ve) 9 John ............................. (help) the old lady

late last night and ............................ (m iss) ca rry her shopping bags.

the play. 10 "Did Anna like the film?"

"I ...................................... (not/ask) her."

r MODUL£ 8

93

Page 92: Spark 1 grammar

-=.3past Simple (regular verbs)

7 1

Put the words In the correct order to

make sentences.

hours/ take-away/ordered/we/ago/ two/a

2 move/year/ to/she/ last/did/ Australia?

3 hair/not/ I/my/wash/did/yesterday

4 nightjtrain/missed/last/they/home/the

5 the/you/party/enjoy/last/did/Saturday?

6 Sarah/summer/Rome/visited/last

7 Laura/ tidy/did/house!yesterday/the/morning?

8 and/Paul/travelled/two/ago/Athens/to/days/

8

Rosa

Read the email and put the verbs in

brackets Into the correct form of the

past simple.

Dear Kevin, How are you? 11 ...................................... .. (you/watch] the football game on television last weekend? I really 2 ) .. . (enjoy) it. My whole family 3) ........................... .. . (want) that team to Win and we 4) ............................. (shout) so loud at the end that we 5) .............................. (scare) the dog! Last night it 6) ......................... (snow) and it 7} ..................... _.............. (not/ stop) until thiS morning. In f act, It complete ly 8) .............................. (bury) our bicycles! My brothers and I 9) ....... ...... ...... (look) for them this morning but we couldn't find them. Can you Imagine? Write soon, Michael

MOOlJlf 8

94

9 1

Form questions, t hen ask your partner

to answer them .

you/play/computer games/ last night?

2 your friend/ tidy/his room/yesterday?

3 your parents/paint/their house/last year?

4 you/study English/yesterday afternoon?

5 your mum/cook dinner/ last night?

6 you /visit/your grandparents/last weekend?

7 you/watch/a film/ last night?

8 your best friend/call you/yesterday afternoon?

9 your dad/walk to work/yesterday?

10 you/stay at home/last night?

Speaking lO in pairs, ask and answer questions

about what you did last Sunday.

11 Writing Use yo ur partner's answers to write a

sho rt paragraph about what he/ she

did last Sunday.

Page 93: Spark 1 grammar

1

Past Simple (irregular verbs) m

I saw I did not see I didn't see Did I see ~

you saw you did not see you didn't see Did you see~ he saw he did not see he didn't see Did he see~ she saw she did nOl see she didn't see Did she see!

it saw it did nol see it didn't see Did it see? we saw we did not see we didn 't see Did we see! you saw you did nol see you didn't see Did you see?

they saw they d id not see they didn't see Did they see? did

• Irregula r verbs do not fo rm the past simple by adding -ed. wof

(See list of irregular verbs at the end of the book.)

• We form questions wi th d id + t he base fo rm of t he verb.

• We form negations with did not (d idn' t) + the base form of the verb.

Look at the pictures. Use the phrases in the past simple t o writ e what the peo ple did

yesterday.

• send an email to her friend • ride his bike • eat at a restau rant • drink tea

1 Sarah and Ann usuatly

have lunch at home,

but yesterday they

3 Roger usua lly walks

to school, but

yesterday he ........... .

2 Mike usually has coffee

in the morning, but

yesterday he ............. ,

'? .................................. .

4 Sue usua lly lis tens to

music in the afternoon,

but yesterday she ....... .

95

Page 94: Spark 1 grammar

m Past Simple (Irregular verbs)

2 Complete the crossword with the POlt

simple of the verbs In brackets.

, J • , •

r • ,

"r " :'Sf -

ACROSS

3 Tommy and his wife .................. (eat) a

nice Chinese meal last week.

6 She always .................. (drink) a glass of

milk before bedtime when she was little.

7 Michael .................. (buy) a new computer

game yesterday.

9 Tracy .................. (wear) her new dress to

the party.

11 My mother .................. (make) an excellent

dinner last Sunday. 12 Ben .................. (find) a new job last week.

DOWN

1 The Titanic .................. (si nk) because it hit

an iceberg.

2 last night I .................. (meet) my new

neighbours.

4 Everybody.................. (s ing) along with

the band. S They .................. (ride) horses along the

beach last summer.

6 Yesterday, lane .................. (drive) her new

car for the first time.

S He .................. (take) the dog out for a

walk.

9 Amy's best friend .................. (go) to live in

London last month.

10 I .................. (see) that film last week.

MODlIU B

96

3 Underline the correct item.

1 There wasn't / weren' t many houses here

twenty years ago.

2 The students write/ wrote stories for

homework last week .

3 We bought / didn ' t bought some new

clothes last Saturday.

4 She didn ' t go/ not went to the cinema last

night.

S What time did you r dad left/ leave for work

this morn ing?

6 In 2006, Alice met/ meet her cousins in

London.

4 1

Put the words in the correct order to

make sentences.

like/she/yesterdayfTina/film/didn't/the/saw

2 to/they/did/Venice/holiday/year/go/ last on?

3 weekend/kitchen/we/our/pain ted/last

4 drink/yesterday / I/coffee/d idn't/a ny

5 lastlthe/ Ann/walk/did/night/dog/ a/take/for?

6 the/wrote/book/he/five yea rs ago

5 1

Your friend Is back from holiday. Use

the words to ask questions.

where/go

2 who/go with

3 take/many photographs

4 make/any friends

S buy/any souvenirs

Page 95: Spark 1 grammar

6 Use the past simple tense to write

sentences about how people lived 200

years ago, as In the example.

1 People (not/ have) the Internet. They (have) libra ries.

"' 2 People (not/buy) clothes. They

(make) their own.

.......... .......................................... .. ............

3 People (not/eat) fast food. They (eat) homemade meals.

................................•...........................

4 People (not/write) emails. They (write) letters.

..................................................................

5 People (not/go) to the cinema. They (go) to the theatre.

..................................................................

7 lInda's mother left ill Iht of things for

her to do. Use the notes to complete

the telephone conversation.

Linda don't forget to ...

Undo:

Mother:

Undo:

Mother:

Undo:

Mother:

Undo:

Mother:

Undo:

• do the washing up (.r)

• take the dog for a walk (.r)

• buy some milk (~)

• make your bed (.r)

• do your homework (.1)

Hello.

Hi linda. How are you?

I'm fine. Thanks.

Well, 1) the washing up?

Yes, and I 2) ................. the dog for a

walk. But I 3) ...................... any milk.

4) ... ................................... your bed?

Yes, but I 5) ................. my homework.

That's okay. You can do it now.

OK, Mum.

Past Simp'le (Irregular verbs) m 8

9

1

2

3

4

5

Fill in the blanks with the verbs in

brackets In the past simple.

In ancient times, Prince Paris from Troy

1) .................. . (fall) in love with the beautiful Greek queen Helen, and 2) ................... (take) her back to Tray with him. The Greeks 3) ............. .. .. .. (sail) to Tray to fight for their queen.

The Greeks 4) .... ... ....... .... . (fight) for ten years, but they 5) .... .... ....... .. .. (noVwin) Helen back. Then, Athena, the goddess of war, 6) ........ .. .... .. .. . (give) Ulysses an idea to end the war . The Greeks 7) ........ .. ......... (build) a big wooden horse in their

camp and some men 8) ......... .. ........ (hide) inside it. When the Trojans 9) ................... (find) the horse, they 10) ............................. (noVknow)

what it 11) ................... (be). They 12) .. ................ . (tie) ropes around it and 13) ........ ... ........ (pun) it into the city. That night, Ulysses and his men 14) ....... .. ......... (come) out of the horse and 15) ... ... .... ... ..... . (kill) all the sleeping Trojans. Then they 16) .. .. ..... .. .. ... ... (rescue) their queen and 17) ...... ... .... .... .. (go) back home. Did this story really happen? Well, Homer 18) .........

(write) about it in The Odyssey, but no one really knows for sure.

Write sentences about yourself. Use the expressions.

• yesterday morning • last night

• in 2008 • last week • three days ago

.................. . .... . .. ..........................•.•...........

..................................................................

.........................•........................................

..................................................................

MODU LE B

97

Page 96: Spark 1 grammar

ID Past Simple (irregular verbs)

MODULl S

98

10 Complete with the past simple form of the verbs in brackets.

1 A: What [1

lunch? (you / have) for

B: 1 .......... (eat) an apple and a sandwich.

2 A: How ........................... ...... (Sarah/ get)

to the train station last night?

B: She ................. .. (wake up) la te, so she

..... .............. (take) a taxi.

3 A: .................................. .. ... (you/ go) out

last night? B: No, I ............................. (stay) in and

...................... (play) computer games.

4 A: Wha t time ........................................... . (Paul/ leave) the house?

B: He ......................... ( leave) at 8 o'clock

this morning.

5 A: What ................................. (you/ have)

for lunch yesterday?

B: I ...................... .... (not/ want) to cook,

so I .............................. (stop) at a fast

food restaurant on my way home and

........................ (buy) a burger.

6 A: What ..................... ....... (you/ do) afte r

school yesterday?

B: I .. .. ................. (go) to the shops with

my sister and then we ......................... .

(meet) some friends.

7 A: What ................................ (you/ wear)

to the party last Satu rday?

B: I ...................... (buy) a black dress last

month, so I ...................... (wear) that.

8 A: ............................................. (you/ do)

anything special last night?

B: Not really. I just ..................... (watch)

a DVD and ............ .. .. ............. (go) to

bed early.

11 Use the words to write sentences, as In

the example.

1 (Ba rry/ not go to China/ last summer - India)

2 (Moliy/not eat pizza for dinner/last nigh t -

cheeseburger and chips)

3 (Peter/not rent/ moto rbi ke - car)

4 (Janice/not see/horror film - comedy)

5 (Mark/ not play polo/ last week - tennis)

...•....... ... .. ..... . .. ........................................ ..

6 (Mr &. Mrs l awson/ not go to the park/

yesterday - restaurant)

7 (Jenny/not wash the dishes/yesterday -

clothes)

12 Complete the email with the past simple form of the verbs In brackets.

Hi Barry, How are you? I 1) ... ......... (read) your emaillast night. I'm glad you 2) ................... (have) a nice time in Spain. Well, last month I 3) .............. (go) to an extreme sports camp in Wales. The most exciting sport was sandboarding! At first I 4) ................ (make) lots of mistak.es and I even 5) .......... . (fall) a few limes. But 16) ................. ...... .... (noVhurt) myself and I eventually 7) .... ........ ...... . (learn) how to stay on the board! I 8) ... .... ....... ... .. (spend) six days at the camp and 9) .............. .. .. . (meet) a lot of nice people , 1\ was great! Well, that's all my news. I hope to hear for you soon, Henry

Page 97: Spark 1 grammar

--~-~~,--_~~P~a~st SimPle.m

13 FlU In the gaps with the correct form

of the verbs In the post limple.

• go • drink • be • go • see • eat

• do • feel • come • have

•• c + ) ---,

t hope you're well!

I 1) to the cinema last night. I 2) .................. . a nice film called Lottery Ticket. It 3) ...... ..... . .

very funny! My brother and sister 4) .. . .............. to see it with me. We 5) ................... a great time.

After the film , we 6) .. .. ............... dinner near the cinema. I also 7) ................... a huge milkshake. I 8) .. .. ... ....... "." .. a bit sick after that!

What 9) ..................... yesterday? 10)

........ ... . " .. anywhere exciting?

Write soon,

Uz

14 Put the verbs In brackets Into the past simple.

Michael Jackson 1) (be) an American singer who many people 2) ..................... (call) the King of Pop. He 3) ..................... (have) a very successful

music career and he 4) ..................... (be) famous all over the world. His career 5) .... .. ............... (start) when he was only five years old. He 6) .................... . (perform) in a group with his older brothers, The Jackson 5. Later, he 7) ..................... (leave) the

group 10 start his own career.x He 6) .................... .

'I (become) the biggest pop star ;' of all time. His albums

9) ..................... (be) very popular. 10) ............................... .

(Michael Jackson/sing) only? T "'''"'' No, he 11) ..................... (can)

dance very well , too. He

.~;,.~ ... \ 12) ..................... (make) the 'moonwalk' one of the

~~ .. I best-known dance moves in the world. Jackson

13) ..................... (die) at Ihe age of fifty, but he is still one of the best-selllng

music artists in the world.

15 Complete the questions with the verbs

below. Choose the corred answer and

write full sentences as In the example .

1

2 3

• dress • fight • live • rea lise • return

• ride

Quiz Time 1 Where Hua Mulan ve?

A in ancient China B in ancient Greece

2 Which weapon ....... she ............... with? A a sword B a pen

3 Which animal ....... she ............... very well? A an elephant B a horse

4 What ........ Mulan ............... as to join the army? A a man B a woman

5 When ........ Mulan ............... home from the war? A ten months later B ten years later

6 When ........ her friends ............... that Mulan was a woman? A at her home B in the army

11/1)n Ived In OIlC nr ('1 no

4 ................................................................. . 5

6

Speaking 16 In pairs, ask and answer questions

about what you did last Saturday.

, tup lr J1 0 od tr

Writing 17 Write a short paragraph about what

you did last Saturday.

Last Saturdo) I or tip very 'arty. t had breakfast

Grid then t went shopping with my broth(

MODULE B

99

Page 98: Spark 1 grammar

Exploring Grammar (Units 28-33)

1 • ast Simple

a) Read the text and fill in the gaps

with the verbs below In the past

simple.

• can • perform • become • go

• write • spend • begin • come

Jilliam Sh-1lk(;sp(;arC;;

Will iarn Sha kespeare 'Ias born in 156-1 in Stratford­upoll-A10 II . England. His fa ther sold 1\'001 and made gloves and, according 10

records. his mother I) .......................... from a 'I'ea l th ~ fa lllil~ . Shakespea re 2) ................... ..... .. to the local Grammar School. blu he didn 't ha\'e a uni,cn.ity degree. \rill i,1Il1 Shakespeare 3) ................ .. ........ his career in Ihe theatre as ,Ill actor and ('I ell though he 4) ....................... famous for l\riling plays, such as f10mlet ami UO/lleo al/djllhrl. he cominucd to take small aClillg roles in his plays. Shakespeare 5) .......................... also wrile poetry as well as plays. From l5!};l to 139-1 , the theatres in London wert! closed due to rh e Plague, and he 6) .. .............. ...... .... much or his lime writing poetry II'llich becamc \"e r ~' popular. Shakcspcar~ was one or lhe owners of a playing company ca lled The King's ~Itn · . The\" 7) .......................... all of Shakespeare's plays and t\'en had their own lheatre. \\'ill iam Shakcsp~a re 8) ........................... many plars in his lifetime. The audiences lored them and by the time he died. in 1616. Shakespeare was a \'en rich and famous man.

2

3

4 1

• Was/Were

a) What Is the past simple of the verb

'to be'? Find examples in the text.

b) How do we form the interrogative

and negative past simple forms of the

verb 'to be'?

• Had - Could

a) What Is the past form of the verb

'to have'? Find an example in the text.

How do we form the interrogative past

simple form of the verb 'to have'?

b) What Is the past form of 'can'? Find

an example In the text . How do we form

the negative past form of the verb 'can?

Rewrite the sentences In the negative

or affirmative.

Shakespeare didn't have a wife.

2 He could act very well when he was young.

3 Shakespeare cou ldn't write poetry.

4 Shakespeare had a printi ng company.

5 • There was/There were

a) When do we use there was/ there were?

b) Complete the sentences using there

WQs/ wQsn 't or there were/ weren 't.

1 ................................ a DVD of Romeo and b) List all the verbs In the past simple. Juliet. (I")

Which are regular? Which are Irregular?

c) How do we form the Interrogative

a nd negative past forms ? How do we

fo rm short answers In the past simple?

2 ............ ........... ......... many people in the

cinema. (1 )

3 ............................... . a lot of famous actors

in the f ilm. (,I )

4 .. ...... ........................ t ime to watch another

film. (X) MODULE a

100

Page 99: Spark 1 grammar

Circle the correct Item.

1 ...... to work tomorrow?

A Do you go

B You going

C Are you going

2 Paula doesn't want ...... milk in her coffee.

A a B any C some

3 My friends and I love ...... in the summer.

A to surfing B surfing C go surfing

4 My parents ... ... to the cinema last night.

A are going B go C went

5 "Could you ride a bicycle when you were

six?"

"Yes, I ....... "

A do B cou ld C did

6 Steven can ride a bike, but he ...... drive a car.

A don't B can' t C didn't

7 ...... Italians love spaghetti.

A A B The C An

8 " ...... is this skateboard?"

" It's mine."

A Whose B Which C Who's

9 You ...... take your shoes off! They're dirty.

A can 8 must C would

10 When did you ...... that dress?

A buying B bought C buy

Revision (Units 1-33)

11 The ...... notebook is on the desk.

A girl B gi rl 's C girls

12 Jeft ...... got black hair and blue eyes.

A does B has C is

13 You ...... talk in class.

A haven't B won't C mustn't

14 ...... Mandy like pizza?

A Do B Does C Don't

15 There many people on the bus

yesterday.

A aren't B weren't C wasn't

16 Vanessa ...... buy the car. It is too expensive.

A isn't going to

B hasn't

C don't

17 Could you pass me ...... book, please?

A th is B those C that

18 This is my brother, John. l ook at .. .... .

A he 8 him C his

19 I can't talk now. I ...... dinner.

A cooked B am cooking C cook

20 Timothy is better at Maths ...... Andy.

A of B than C from

MOOIJLl'

101

Page 100: Spark 1 grammar

102

Revision Exercises

1

Circle the correct Item.

This is a

bag.

A a

bag. There is a notebook in

B an C the

2 Kale is my best friend. I like ...... very much. A her B she C us

3 I ...... at 10 o'dock last night.

A sleep B am sleeping

C 'Iept

4 Daniel ...... from Scotland. He's Irish.

A is B are C isn't

5 Is ...... a green bus?

A these B those C that

6 We've got six ...... .

A tomato B tomatoes C tomatos

7 There is ...... armchair in our living room.

A a B an C the

8 There ...... four oranges in the fridge.

A is B are C isn't

9 The bookcase is ...... the living room.

A on B behind C in

10 The cooker is ...... the cupboard and the

fridge.

A in B under C between

11 I like going to the cinema ... ... Sundays.

A in B at C on

12 Her favourite song is playing on the radio

A last night B every day C at the moment

13 They ...... photographs at the moment.

A is taking B isn't taking

C are taking

14 A giraffe is an ...... tall animal.

A not very B extremely C qUite

15 " ...... do you go to the gym?"

"Every day."

A How long B Where C How often

16 I ...... go to school on Sundays.

A always B never C every day

17 They always walk to school.. .. .. the

morning.

A in B on C at

18 " ...... do you start school in the morning?"

"At nine o'clock."

A What B When C Why

19 There is ...... bread in the basket.

A any 8 some C a

20 There aren't ...... oranges left.

A some 8 an C any

21 My mum ...... the house this afternoon.

A cleans B will clean

C is going to clean

22 I ...... sing when I was six.

A can't B cou ldn't C mustn't

23 ...... there any posters on the wall?

A Were B Was C Is

24 This is my ...... car.

A dad B dad', C dad,'

25 ...... camera is this?

A Whose B Who's C Who

26 What t ime ...... breakfast in the morning?

A does you have B you do have

C do you have

27 Barry loves ...... science-fiction films.

A watch B watches C watching

28 We have no food at home; ...... to a

restaurant.

A let's go B go C don't go

Page 101: Spark 1 grammar

29 ...... your room! It's a mess!

A Tidy B Don't tidy C Tidying

30 Whe re ...... yo u buy that skateboard?

A are B did C had

31 They're from Paris. They ...... English. A can't B haven 't C aren't

32 You ...... wear a helmet when you're on your

bike.

A must B mustn't C have

33 Jim is a doctor; he ...... wear a white coat at

work.

A can B has to C mustn't

34 What ...... tonight?

A do you do B will you do

C are you doing

35 There is ...... tea left. Would yo u like some?

A a few B a lot C a little

36 Are there ...... eggs in the fridge?

A much B lots C many

37 Where ...... you yesterday?

A was B were C are

38 Peter ...... a CD playe r when he was young.

A have B had C was

39 ...... Rome last yea r?

A Do they visit

C Did they visi t

8 Did they visited

40 Did you ...... any bi rthday cake at the party?

A ate B eats C eat

41 Turn down the music or I ...... the police.

A will call 8 am going to call

C call

42 Is ...... bag on the table?

A me 8 my C I

43 That is ...... teacher, Miss Cha rl es.

A we B our C them

Revision Exercises

44 Are ...... you r trainers?

A these B this C that

45 Who is ...... student in yo ur class?

A good 8 the best C better

46 There is an atlas, an eraser and a pencil on

...... desk.

A a B an C the

47 look at ....... He's my brother, Tom.

A he B him C her

48 My sisters ...... got blonde hair.

A are 8 have C has

49 ...... parents can speak French.

A His B He C They

50 They are her .......

A child B chi lds C ch ildren

51 That tree hasn't got .......

A leaves B leafs C leaf

52 There are two ...... in my bag.

A scarf B scarfs C scarves

53 ...... you play the guitar?

A Must B Can C Have

54 "Can you ski?"

"No, I ...... "

A can't B don't have to

C mustn't

55 Are there ...... flowers in the vase?

A some B any C a

56 Is there a bookcase in ...... bedroom?

A a B some C the

57 B . I I . I I e qUiet, pease ....... In c ass.

A Ta lk B Don't talk C Do talk

58 The dog is ...... the table.

A under B in C between

103

Page 102: Spark 1 grammar

Revision Exercises

59 There weren't many people on the train

A tonight 8 tomorrow C yesterday

60 I ...... my bike to school every morning.

A rides B ride

C doesn't ride

61 We ...... our rooms every day.

A tidies B don't tidy C don't tidies

62 Do you like ...... ? A fishing B fished C to fishing

63 Can you answer the phone, please? I ..... .

dinner now.

A made B am making C make

64 She's got ...... time to rest.

A a little B a few C a lot

65 A cat is ...... than a mouse.

A more big B bigger C biggest

66 Rabbits are ...... big.

A not very B much C very not

67 1/ •••••• does Jack live?"

" In London."

A Where B How C Which

68 t •.•.•• my homework now.

A do B 'm doing C does

69 I really ...... the summer time!

A am loving B loves C love

70 Is there ...... tomato on the plate?

A a B any ( some

71 There is ...... sugar in this coffee.

A much B a lot of ( many

72 I ...... my cousins next weekend.

A 'm going to visit

B visit

( go to visit

R.vl.lon

104

73 You ...... talk with your friends in class.

A can't B don't have ( mustn't

74 lack ...... in the library last night.

A is B was ( were

75 My sisters ...... to the theatre last night.

A are going B go ( went

76 ...... she speak French when she was young?

A (an B Was ( Could

77 There ...... any paintings in the museum.

A were B was C weren't

78 They ...... to school every day last week.

A walked B walk

( are walking

79 Ray ...... to fly lo Paris tomorrow.

A will B going C is going

80 ...... a teddy bear when you were five?

A Have you B Had you

( Did you have

81 She ...... to school in the morning.

A walks always B always wa lking

( always walks

82 These are the ...... dresses.

A girls B girls' ( g irl

83 Tim is ill. He ...... go to the doctor.

A has B can C must

84 How old ...... your cousin?

A is B are ( aren't

85 ...... you got a computer?

A Is 8 Hasn't (Have

86 An elephant is ...... than a horse.

A more heavy B heavier ( heaver

87 I ...... a happy baby.

A could 8 was C be

Page 103: Spark 1 grammar

Irregular Verbs

Infinitive Past