special skills training module - rcog · the basic principles and theories of adult learning...

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

Special Skills Training Module

Medical Education

May 2004

Published by the RCOG Pressat the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

Registered Charity No. 213280

© Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists 2004

Further copies of this module can be obtained from:

Postgraduate Training DepartmentRoyal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists27 Sussex PlaceRegent’s ParkLondonNW1 4RG

Telephone: +44 (0) 20 7772 6200Facsimile: +44 (0) 20 7723 0575Website: www.rcog.org.uk

Printed by Manor Press, Unit 1, Priors Way, Maidenhead, Berks. SL6 2EL

CONTENTS

Page

INTRODUCTION 3

Entry criteria 3

Training programme components 4

The logbook (guide to learning) 4

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 5

TRAINING DETAILS 7

EDUCATIONAL THEORY – ADULT EDUCATION 8

TEACHING SKILLS 9

TEACHING PROGRAMME 14

TRAINING SKILLS 15

APPRAISAL AND ASSESSMENT SKILLS 20

EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISION 21

EVALUATION AND REFLECTIVE PRACTICE 24

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH SKILLS 25

REGISTRATION FORM 27

NOTIFICATION OF COMPLETION OF TRAINING PROGRAMME 28

REGISTRATION FORM FOR NON-TRAINING GRADES 29

NOTIFICATION OF COMPLETION OF TRAINING 31

Medical Education Special Skills Training Module 1

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INTRODUCTION

All doctors practicing obstetrics and gynaecology have an educational role, which may be directedtowards patients, trainees, colleagues or other professionals. The aim of this module is to provideindividuals with the educational knowledge and skills that will equip them to work as a CollegeTutor or to take on other major educational roles at local, regional and national level. It is alsorecommended for all those planning to work in a teaching hospital.

By the end of the course, the candidate will:

● understand the basic principles and theories of adult learning

● know how to present and run a variety of teaching sessions (lectures and small group sessions)

● understand how to design and organise a teaching programme

● know how to train postgraduates on the ward, in the clinic and in theatre

● understand the importance and principles of feedback

● understand the principles of appraisal and assessment

● be able to develop effective learning environments and learner support systems

● understand the principles and importance of reflective practice

● have a basic understanding of educational research skills.

For further details of competencies expected under each of these headings, please refer to thedetailed learning objectives in this document.

Entry criteriaAs special skills training should follow the completion of core training, the following criteria mustbe met:

1. The trainee must have passed Part 2 MRCOG or hold an equivalent qualification.

2. The trainee must have satisfactorily completed the Core Logbook requirements.

3. The trainee must have obtained a satisfactory year three RITA.

Registration with the RCOG for special skills training can only be made when the above criteria aremet.

Specialist Registrars with fixed term training appointments (FTTA) who wish to register with theRCOG for special skills training should also fulfil the above criteria.

Training programme componentsThe following are essential components of the training programme, and all of them have to becompleted:

1. Training must be undertaken under the supervision of an identified preceptor for one year. Thepreceptor must be a skilled educator and must normally hold or have held the role of CollegeTutor or Clinical Tutor. The possession of ILT membership or equivalent would be desirable. Itmay also be desirable for preceptors to have a certificate, diploma or master’s degree inmedical education. College Tutors of more than two years standing may also make suitablepreceptors. The preceptor should undertake direct supervision of the trainee for the bulk of the


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module. On occasion, the trainee may undertake sessions under the supervision ofprofessionals other than the preceptor. In these circumstances, it is the preceptor’s duty toensure that the professional to whom the duty of training is delegated is sufficiently competent,willing and able to teach the trainee. Dual preceptorship is also acceptable. Under thesecircumstances, at least one of the preceptors should hold the MRCOG or FRCOG.

2. Trainees should obtain an application form for special skills training from the PostgraduateTraining Department of the RCOG and get it completed. The special skills training plans of thetrainee should be discussed at the year two RITA. During SpR year three, the trainee shouldobtain the chosen module and application forms from the RCOG Postgraduate TrainingDepartment, make contact with a preceptor in their chosen module, discuss rotations with theDeanery Specialist Training Committee (DSTC) and ensure that their application form iscompleted. At the Year Three RITA assessment, the trainee should ask the chairman of theDSTC to sign the application form in support of the module and send a copy of the completedform to the RCOG.

3. Trainees must participate in an RCOG ‘Training the Trainers’ course, which should provide theessential knowledge component of training for this module. It is expected that trainees willalso supplement their knowledge by reading standard textbooks and other literature. Thecourse can be attended at any time after registration.

4. The practical component will involve presentation, training, design of teaching programmes,educational supervision and appraisal.

5. Trainees must submit four dissertations, a teaching programme plan and a research projectproposal, as described in the accompanying logbook. These must be completed to thepreceptor’s satisfaction.

Training will be deemed to be complete when all the components have been completed to thesatisfaction of the preceptor. The Completion of Training Certificate should be signed by the trainee,preceptor and Chairman of the Deanery Specialist Training Committee and sent to the PostgraduateTraining Department at the RCOG.

The logbook (guide to learning)The logbook provides a record of trainees’ competencies and achievement of learning objectives. Itprovides a record that allows the preceptor and trainee to monitor progress and identifydeficiencies. It is important to note that the logbook is a record of competence rather thanexperience. The trainee should attach to this a copy of the training programme they have designed,their dissertations and their research project proposal.

It is imperative that all participants appreciate that the trainee’s progress has to meet standardsthat satisfy the preceptor. At the end of the training programme, the preceptor has to certify thatthe skills attained by the trainee are to his or her satisfaction.

4 Special Skills Training Module – Medical Education

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Understand the basic principles and theories of adult learning.

a. Critically describe the different theories of adult learning.

b. Link theories with medical education.

2. Know how to present and run a variety of teaching sessions (lectures, small group sessions).

a. Present to different-sized groups.

b. Use different methods of small-group teaching effectively.

3. Understand how to design and organise a teaching programme.

a. Define the components of a teaching programme.

b. Understand the use of learning resource packs, open learning materials andinformation technology.

c. Organise a teaching programme.

4. Know how to train postgraduates on the ward, in clinic and in theatres.

a. Correctly distinguish between teaching and training.

b. Demonstrate skills necessary for successful training.

5. Understand the importance and principles of feedback.

a. Apply a suitable and effective feedback approach to training practice.

6. Understand the principles of appraisal and assessment.

a. Correctly define appraisal and assessment.

b. Distinguish between appraisal and assessment.

c. Understand how to manage the ‘difficult’ appraisal.

d. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of different methods of assessment.

7. Show an ability to develop effective learning environments and learner support systems.

a. Demonstrate principles of educational supervision.

b. Organise and arrange effective educational supervision for a trainee.

c. Demonstrate skills needed as an educational supervisor.

d. Discuss other methods of developing effective learning environments.

8. Understand the principles and importance of reflective practice.

a. Analyse significant incidents in relation to educational practice.

b. Relate critical incidents to past experiences.

c. Actively seek feedback on practice as an educator.

d. Plan appropriate changes in future practice.


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9. Have a basic understanding of educational research skills.

a. Discuss different research paradigms used in educational research.

b. Formulate appropriate research questions.

c. Understand the advantages and disadvantages of different research methodologies.

d. Use this knowledge to design an appropriate educational research project.


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TRAINING DETAILS


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Trainee name:

Address:

National Training Number:

Preceptor:

Address:

Date of commencement of training:

Date of attendance at theoretical course:

Date of completion of training:

EDUCATIONAL THEORY:ADULT EDUCATION

Learning Objective covered: Objective 1

TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

The basic principles and theories of adult learning underpin the content of the entire medicaleducation module and should be borne in mind by the trainee throughout the training period. Thus,the trainee is expected to demonstrate an understanding of these principles and theories throughtheir practise of teaching, training and assessment. In order to specifically satisfy the two elementsof the learning objective, the trainee is required to complete, to the Preceptor’s satisfaction, adissertation of between 2000 and 3000 words that defines learning theory in general and adultlearning theory in particular, constructively criticises the theories of adult learning and discusses theimportance of these theories in relation to medical education. This dissertation should includerelevant exemplar material and should be structured to comprise an abstract, an introduction, themain text and a discussion and conclusion. Reference must be made to appropriate articles fromthe literature.

Preceptor’s confirmation of trainee’s satisfactorycompletion of the required dissertation(signature):

Note: the dissertation should accompany this logbook.


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TEACHING SKILLS

Learning Objectives covered: Objectives 2, 8(c)

TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

Trainees must demonstrate effective teaching skills by presenting to different-sized groups and mustdemonstrate the use of different methods of small-group teaching. This should involve the deliveryof a minimum of three lectures and the facilitation of at least four small-group sessions employinga variety of the following approaches as appropriate:

● brainstorming

● snowballing

● buzz groups

● doughnut rounds

● discussion groups

● role play

● goldfish bowl.

An ability to make appropriate use of visual aids must be demonstrated during the course of thesesessions and the trainee must actively seek evaluation and feedback from the teaching session (notethat the latter is required in order to satisfy element ‘c’ of Learning Objective 8). Confirmation ofthese achievements must be made by the Preceptor in commenting upon and signing off the variousactivities.


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PRESENTATIONS GIVEN


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Date Title of Size of AV aids lecture/session group used


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Teaching methods Evaluation Preceptor’s employed signature

PRESENTATIONS GIVEN


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Date Title of Size of AV aids lecture/session group used


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Teaching methods Evaluation Preceptor’s employed signature

TEACHING PROGRAMME


TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

In order to demonstrate the fulfillment of this learning objective, the trainee is required to formulatea teaching programme. This should take the form of a clear, written, organisational plan definingthe components of the programme and describing the use of appropriate learning resources (withparticular reference to the adoption of different media).


Note: the teaching programme plan should accompany this logbook.


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TRAINING SKILLS

Learning Objectives covered: Objectives 4 and 5

TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

Trainees must know how to train postgraduates on the ward, in clinic and in operating theatres.Trainees are required to facilitate at least four training sessions in each of these three types ofsurroundings and, through doing this, to demonstrate to the Preceptor’s satisfaction an ability todistinguish between teaching and training and the acquisition and implementation of the skillsnecessary for successful training. This must include demonstration of an ability to evaluateeffectively and provide feedback to those being trained by the trainee. Trainees must also attend andcomplete a two-day RCOG ‘Training the Trainers’ course.

Preceptor’s confirmation of trainee’s attendanceat an RCOG ‘Training the Trainers’ course(signature):

Note: the certificate of attendance should accompany this logbook.


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ON TRAINING ON WARDS, IN CLINIC OR IN THEATRE

Date Venue Skills used


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Evaluation Preceptor’s signature


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ON TRAINING ON WARDS, IN CLINIC OR IN THEATRE

Date Venue Skills used


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APPRAISAL AND ASSESSMENTSKILLS


TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

Appraisal and assessment are issues of utmost importance in undergraduate and postgraduateeducation, as well as in the realms of continuing professional development and revalidation.Consequently, demonstration of a sound understanding of the principles of appraisal and assess-ment is a vital component of the medical education module. In order to satisfy the requirements ofthis learning objective, the trainee is required to complete, to the Preceptor’s satisfaction, adissertation of between 2000 and 3000 words that defines and differentiates appraisal andassessment and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods of assessmentin relation to medical education. This dissertation must include relevant exemplar material,including at least one difficult appraisal scenario (which, if real, must respect confidentiality inrelation to all parties) and should be structured to comprise an abstract, an introduction, the maintext and a discussion and conclusion. Reference should be made to appropriate articles from theliterature.



NB. See overleaf for Learning Objectives 4 and 5.


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EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISION


TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

The trainee must actively contribute to the establishment of an effective learning environment forlearners. Since this can be demonstrated in a variety of ways, achievement of Learning Objective7 must be assessed by direct and indirect observation of the activities the candidate has organisedand undertaken as a project supervisor, personal tutor, provider of learning resources, one-to-oneadvisor/supporter and/or counsellor. Relevant work in at least three of these areas should be loggedbelow and actively discussed with the Preceptor, who must be satisfied that the candidateunderstands the principles and skills of educational supervision in the context of their own activitiesand in terms of developing effective learning environments.


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Date Activities organised and undertaken

EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISION


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EVALUATION ANDREFLECTIVE PRACTICE


TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

In order to satisfy the requirements of this learning objective, the candidate is required to complete,to the Preceptor’s satisfaction, a written assessment in two parts.

Part 1

The trainee should identify a significant negative or positive incident in relation to their role aseither an educator or learner and reflect on this incident by writing a brief dissertation of between800 and 1000 words, structured as follows:

1. Introduction to the incident (background, what happened, the trainee’s thoughts before, duringand after the incident, behaviour of those involved.

2. Analysis of the incident (the sense the candidate made of what happened, themes and issuesidentified, and assumptions made).

3. Relation of aspects of the incident to either the trainee’s past experiences or any publishedliterature.

4. The future (how the trainee’s experience may influence what they do and a summary ofpersonal plans and goals as a result of the incident).

Both preceptor and candidate must respect confidentiality with regard to the candidate and/or anythird party.

Preceptor’s confirmation of trainee’s satisfactorycompletion of the required part 1 dissertation(signature):


Part 2

With particular reference to appropriate evaluation and feedback data obtained from a teachingsession or presentation delivered by the trainee, the trainee should repeat the process outlinedabove for Part 1 of the assessment (i.e. produce a dissertation of between 800 and 1000 words)using the teaching session in question as the significant incident. Both preceptor and candidatemust respect confidentiality with regard to the candidate and/or any third party.

Preceptor’s confirmation of trainee’s satisfactorycompletion of the required part 2 dissertation(signature):



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EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHSKILLS


TRAINEE ASSESSMENT

In order to satisfy the requirements of this learning objective, the trainee is required to complete, tothe Preceptor’s satisfaction, a written proposal of between 1000 and 1500 words outlining aresearch project that they would like to undertake in the field of medical education. This mustinclude the following elements:

● context and rationale

● objectives (including the research question/s to be asked)

● methods to be used (including a brief discussion of the different research paradigms commonlyemployed in educational research)

● a realistic work-plan/timescale.

The trainee is not actually required to undertake the project but may wish to undertake a smallamount of pilot research work to demonstrate its feasibility.

Preceptor’s confirmation of trainee’s satisfactorycompletion of the required research proposal(signature):

Note: the research proposal should accompany this logbook.


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NOTES


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To be completed and returned to the:Special Skills Secretary,Postgraduate Training Department, RCOG, 27 Sussex Place, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RG.

Please complete both sides of the form in block letters in black ink.

TO BE COMPLETED BY TRAINEE

SURNAME: .....................................................................................................................................................

OTHER NAMES: .............................................................................................................................................

RCOG REG NO: (V)NTN:__ __ __/__ __ __/__ __ __/__ MALE ■■ FEMALE ■■

ENTRY CRITERIA: (you must have possession of the MRCOG)

Date obtained MRCOG: __ __/__ __/__ __

NAME AND ADDRESS OF TRAINING CENTRE:

........................................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................................

DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF TRAINING: __ __/__ __/__ __

I WILL/HAVE ATTEND(ED) THE APPROVED THEORETICAL COURSE:

If you have attended please give date: __ __/__ __/__ __

Would you like to receive information on the approved theoretical course: YES ■■ NO ■■

Trainee’s signature: ........................................................................Date: .........................................................

Please complete overleaf

Please insert name of module:


SPECIAL SKILLS TRAINEE REGISTRATION FORM

TO BE COMPLETED BY PRECEPTOR(S)

Name of preceptor(s) in charge of training:

1. Name: .................................................................. 2. Name: ..................................................................

Post: ......................................................................... Post: .........................................................................

Department address: Department address:

................................................................................. .................................................................................

................................................................................. .................................................................................

................................................................................. .................................................................................

I agree to provide the training necessary for the completion of this Special Skills Module.

Preceptor name (1): Preceptor name (2):

................................................................................. .................................................................................

Date: ........................................................................ Date: ........................................................................

TO BE COMPLETED BY THE RCOG COLLEGE TUTORI confirm that the trainee can undertake this module of Special Skills Training under the supervision of thepreceptor(s) listed above.

Please print name:

................................................................................. Signature: .................................................................

Date: ........................................................................

TO BE COMPLETED BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE DEANERY SPECIALISTTRAINING COMMITTEEI confirm that the trainee has completed core training and that the Deanery Specialist Training Committee hasapproved the training module for the trainee, preceptor(s) and programme of training.

Please print name:

................................................................................. Signature: .................................................................

Date: ........................................................................

IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE TRAINEE TO OBTAIN THE REQUIRED SIGNATURES FOR THISFORM BEFORE FORWARDING TO THE COLLEGE

To be completed and returned to the:Special Skills Secretary,Postgraduate Training Department, RCOG, 27 Sussex Place, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RG.

Please complete both sides of the form in block letters in black ink.

TO BE COMPLETED BY DOCTOR

SURNAME: .....................................................................................................................................................

OTHER NAMES: .............................................................................................................................................

RCOG REG NO:........................................................................ MALE ■■ FEMALE ■■

ENTRY CRITERIA: (you must have possession of the MRCOG)

Date obtained MRCOG: __ __/__ __/__ __

NAME AND ADDRESS OF TRAINING CENTRE:

........................................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................................

DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF TRAINING: __ __/__ __/__ __

I WILL/HAVE ATTEND(ED) THE APPROVED THEORETICAL COURSE:

If you have attended please give date: __ __/__ __/__ __

Would you like to receive information on the approved theoretical course: YES ■■ NO ■■

Doctor’s signature: ........................................................................Date: .........................................................

Please complete overleaf

Please insert name of module:


SPECIAL SKILLS REGISTRATION FORM FOR NON-TRAINING GRADES

TO BE COMPLETED BY PRECEPTOR(S)

Name of preceptor(s) in charge of training:

1. Name: .................................................................. 2. Name: ..................................................................

Post: ......................................................................... Post: .........................................................................


................................................................................. .................................................................................

................................................................................. .................................................................................

................................................................................. .................................................................................

I agree to provide the training necessary for the completion of this Special Skills Module.


................................................................................. .................................................................................

Date: ........................................................................ Date: ........................................................................

TO BE COMPLETED BY THE CLINICAL DIRECTORI confirm that the doctor can undertake this module of Special Skills Training under the supervision of thepreceptor(s) listed above.

Please print name:

................................................................................. Signature: .................................................................

Date: ........................................................................

TO BE COMPLETED BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE DEANERY SPECIALISTTRAINING COMMITTEEI confirm that the trainee has completed core training and that the Deanery Specialist Training Committee hasapproved the training module for the doctor, preceptor(s) and programme of training.

Please print name:

................................................................................. Signature: .................................................................

Date: ........................................................................

IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE DOCTOR TO OBTAIN THE REQUIRED SIGNATURES FOR THISFORM BEFORE FORWARDING TO THE COLLEGE


NOTIFICATION OF COMPLETION OF TRAINING MODULE(To be completed by preceptor)

I certify that

has completed the training module Medical Education to my satisfaction. I confirm that I have had regular assessment sessions with the doctor and each of the required skills

in the logbook has been attained.

Date of commencement of practical training: __ __/__ __/__ __

Date satisfactorily completed theoretical course: __ __/__ __/__ __

Doctor’s name: ................................................................................................................................................

Doctor’s signature: ................................................................... Date: .........................................................

Preceptor(s) in charge of training.


................................................................................. .................................................................................


................................................................................. .................................................................................

Date: ........................................................................ Date: ........................................................................


................................................................................. .................................................................................

................................................................................. .................................................................................

................................................................................. .................................................................................

Authorised by the Chairman of the Deanery Specialist Training Committee

Please print name:............................................. Signature: .........................................................................

Date: .................................................................

This certificate of completion of training should be sent to the

Special Skills Secretary, Postgraduate Training Department, RCOG, 27 Sussex Place, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RG.

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