specimen collection and processing for bacteriology.pdf

8/10/2019 SPECIMEN COLLECTION and Processing for BACTERIOLOGY.pdf

1/19

SPECIMEN COLLECTION,

HANDLING ,ANDPROCESSINGFOR

MICROBIOLOGY TESTING


2/19

GENERALCONCEPTSFORSPECIMEN

COLLECTION, HANDLINGANDPROCESSING

Quality of the clinical specimen is extremelyimportant

Careful and appropriate collection techniques

must be observed

Transport to the laboratory must be timely, avoid

delay

The clinical specimen must be processed

immediately, avoid delay


3/19

GENERALGUIDELINES

Collect specimen prior to administration of

antibiotics

Timing is important

Collect adequate amount of sample Know the criteria for acceptance and rejection of

clinical specimens

Evaluate whether the agent isolated and

identified would point out to an infectious processor merely points out to contamination


4/19

SPECIMENCOLLECTION, HANDLINGAND

PROCESSINGFORBACTERIOLOGICTESTING

Clinical Specimen

1. Urine

2. Stool

3. Sputum and lower resp. tract (LRT) samples

4. Throat and upper resp. tract (URT) samples

5. CSF

6. Blood

7. Skin, wound and tissue

8. Genital discharge


5/19

1. URINECULTURE

For diagnosis of UTI

Collection techniques:

1. midstream, clean-catch

2. catheter3. SPA

Pointers: Use sterile container

Cleanse area first with soap and water

before sample is collected; for SPA disinfect skinfirst


6/19

URINECULTURE

Transport: within 24hrs at 40C

Storage before processing: 24 hrs at 40C

Plating media: BAP, MacConkey agar

(+Anaerobic agar for SPA): Perform colony count

(plate quantitatively on BA)

Direct examination: GS


7/19

2. STOOLCULTURE

For diagnosis of GIT bacterial infections

Collection techniques:

1. direct

2. rectal swab Pointers: Use sterile container

Use transport medium when delay in

processing is expected

An enrichment media is used (GNbroth or Selenite broth)


8/19

STOOLCULTURE

Transport: 24hrs at 40C use transport media

Storage before processing: 72hrs at 40C

Plating media: BAP, Campy BA, CCF, CIN,

MacConkey or EMB, HE ,SSA, XLD, TCBS Direct examination: MB for fecal leukocytes


9/19

3. SPUTUMANDLOWER RESP. TRACT

CULTURES

For diagnosis of LRTIs

Collection technique:

1. deep cough method in AM

2. aspiration of gastriccontents (for children)

3. BAL (less invasive)

4. TTA, thin needleaspiration, open-lung biopsy, thoracentesis

(pleural fluid)5. induced sputum collection


10/19

SPUTUMANDLOWER RESP. TRACT

CULTURES

Pointers: Use sterile container

Choice of method for collection must be

considered

Collect specimen with minimum or lesscontamination

Evaluate the quality of specimen


11/19

SPUTUMANDLOWER RESP. TRACT

CULTURES

Transport: 24hrs at RT


Plating media: BAP, CAP, MacConkey

Direct examination: GS, AFB or other specialstains


12/19

4. THROATANDUPPER RESP. TRACT

CULTURES

For diagnosis of URTIs


1. Throat swab (pharynx)

2. Nasopharyngeal swab Pointers: Use sterile container

Ensure proper swabbing of collection

area

Use transport medium (Amies orStuarts)

Link:resp_sx
http://localhost/Desktop/Microppt/resp_sx_collection.pptxhttp://localhost/Desktop/Microppt/resp_sx_collection.pptx


13/19

THROATANDUPPER RESP. TRACT

CULTURES

Transport: 24 hrs at RT


Plating media: BAP, CAP, CTA, Loefflersagar

slant, MTM agar Direct examination: use antigen testing


14/19

5. CSF

For diagnosis of CNS infections


1. Lumbar puncture

2. Collection from shunt

Pointers: Use sterile container, use aseptic

technique

Specimen must be processedIMMEDIATELY, DO NOT DELAY


15/19

CSF

Transport: immediate at RT

Storage before processing: 6hrs at 370C, for viral

culture 3 days at 40C

Plating media: BAP, CAP, MacConkey, Anaerobicagar

Direct examination: GS, MB, AO, AFB,rapid

tests


16/19

6. BLOODCULTURE

For diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSIs)


1. Venipuncture

Pointers: Use sterile containerUse aseptic technique for collection

Timing of blood collection is IMPORTANT

Number of collection (# of set) is considered

Tubes or bottles contain SPS (1 aerobic, 1

anaerobic) ; other culture media include: SCD or TSB,Columbia broth, thioglycollate broth, BHIB,supplemented peptone broth (SPB)


17/19

BLOODCULTURE

Transport: 2hrs at RT

Storage before processing: 370C incubated

Plating media: BAP, CAP, MacConkey, Anaerobic

agar, BHI agar Direct examination: GS, Giemsa, MB, AO, AFB


18/19

SKIN, WOUNDANDSOFTTISSUE

Transport:24hrs at RT; moisten swab with TM

Storage before processing: 24 hrs at RT

Plating media: BA,CA, MacConkey


19/19

URO-GENITALTRACTSPECIMEN

Transport: 24 hrs at RT

Storage before processing: 24 hrs at RT

Plating media: BA, CA, TM

specimen collection and processing for bacteriology.pdf

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