spectrum-domain communications:domain communications · sh h i r h c t f wi lshanghai research...

Spectrum-Domain Communications:Spectrum Domain Communications:

－ An outlook on 5G－ An outlook on 5G

H li H (P f /D )Honglin Hu (Prof./Dr. )胡宏林

Sh h i R h C t f Wi lShanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications (WiCO)

Outline

1 Introduction1. Introduction

2. Fundamental of spectrum-domain communicationsdomain communications

3 S t d i3. Spectrum-domain communications Systemsy

4 Testbed development2

4.Testbed development

Outline






Expansion of human territory

Conventional 3-D space

Electromagnetic fieldg

Dose other dimension exist

for human territory?

3-D space

4

Dimension expansion for information transmission

Frequency

Data2 Data4

Data1

Time

Data2 Data1

Time

Data3

?!Frequency

?!Time

5Space

What is the next?

Today

2G 3G 3G/4G

1991 2008 2015 ？

2G 3G B3G/4G 5G？

？TDMA CDMA OFDMA MIMO ？Time-frequency

domainTime-frequency-

space domainTime, frequency , space Spectrum domain？

In addition to conventional time, frequency, and space domains, does other transmission domain exist?

6

Outline






What’s spectrum-domain communications?

2G 3G B3G/4G 5G

Time-frequency- Time-frequency- Spectrum-

Signal design with deterministic Statistical

q ydomain comm.

q yspace- domain comm. domain comm.

Signal design with deterministic characteristics

Statistical characteristics

Spectrum domain communications specify a digitalSpectrum-domain communications specify a digital transmission procedure over statistical spectrum-domain, in which the transmitter maps binary digitsdomain, in which the transmitter maps binary digits into the statistical characteristics of transmit signals and the receiver recoveries these digits by

8extracting the modulated statistical characteristicsof the received signals.

Modulation strategy over spectrum domain

• Design purposely induced cyclostationaryDesign purposely induced cyclostationary communication signal:

B d idth t d i fl iblBandwidth cost and inflexible

• Exploit cyclostationarity in conventional i ti i lcommunication signals:

Green communications and flexibleGreen communications and flexible

9

Digital modulation：A mapping between binary digits and symbols

Primitive communications：Mapping binary digit into grin or smile

Binary digit

Expression symbol

Detection methoddigit symbol

0

110

Traditional digital modulation

Digital modulation over traditional domain: A mapping between binary digits and deterministic pp g y g

characteristics of transmit signal.Binary digits modulate the amplitude, phase and

frequency of transmit signal

Binary digit Transmit signal Detection method

frequency of transmit signal.

0 Classify the0 Classify the deterministic

characteristicscharacteristicsof signals

111

1

Digital modulation over spectrum domain

Binary digits Cyclic delay vector Statistical characteristics of transmit signalg

Binary digits modulate pulse positions of the Cyclic AutocorrelationFunction (CAF) of the CDD-OFDM signal.

Binary digit Cyclostationary spectrum of transmit signal

Detection method

0 Classify the

commonCP-inducedcomponents

Am

plitude of CAF

distinguishableCDD-inducedsignature

0 statistical characteristics

f i l

05

1015

2025

3035

-40-30

-20-10

010

2030

40

F

Lag parameter

Cycle frequency

of signals

1commonCP-inducedcomponents

distinguishableCDD-inducedsignature

Am

plitude of CAF

121 0

510

1520

2530

35-40

-30-20

-100

1020

3040

Cycle frequency Lag parameter

Exploration for spectrum-domain communications

Cyclostationarysignatures in OFDM

Cyclic Delay Modulation（CDM）signatures in OFDM

1 P D Sutton et al IEEE

Modulation（CDM）

1 H Guo H Hu and Y1. P. D. Sutton et. al. , IEEE JSAC. vol. 26, pp. 13-24, Jan. 2008.

1. H. Guo, H. Hu and Y. Yang, IEEE ICC 2009

2. Design CAF through 2. Design CAF through

time-frequency domain. 3. Show the possibility to

space domain.3. A overlaying scheme

over a CDD-OFDM3. Show the possibility to send information over spectrum domain

4 I ti l

over a CDD OFDM system (standard compatibility)

4 Practical and green4. Impractical5. unable to achieve

multiplexing gain due to

4. Practical and green communications

5. Capability to achieve

13

p g gspectrum domain multiplexing gain due to

spectrum domain

CDD-OFDM systems

CDD-OFDM transmitter（3GPP-LTE standard）

1[ ]ls kCyclic

2ΔCyclic P fi

,1[ ]lCyclic Prefix

,2[ ]ls k

OFDM Modulation 1 TN

Δ Cyclic fi

2 Prefix..., [ ]

Tl ns k

[ ]ls k1, 0{ }N

l k kc −=

TnΔ Prefix

NΔCyclic

..., [ ]

Tl Ns kTNΔ Prefix

14

CDD-OFDM: Appealing features

Standard conformability

• Implement only in transmitter being transparent to receiver side1. Standard

• It can be incorporated within the OFDM

conformability within the OFDM-based standards such as WiMAX, 3GPP-LTE,as WiMAX, 3GPP LTE, and IEEE 802.11a etc.

15


Delay diversity gain• Convert MISO channel

into an equivalent SISOchannel with increased1. Standard channel with increased frequency diversity.conformability

2 D l di it • Transform delay diversityinto frequency diversity

2. Delay diversity gain

• Collect increased diversity by an outer error control coding such as convolutional coding

16


Saturation effect1 St d d

• In the saturation region, the system can achieve

1. Standard conformability

almost the same delay diversity gain approaching to the

2. Delay diversity gain pp g

maximum.

S t ti ff t ll

gain

3. Saturation • Saturation effect allows

for tuning cyclic delays for other metrics, while

effect

keeping the desirable performance of antenna system.

17

y


Cyclostationarity1 Standard

• CP-induced CAF l At th

1. Standard conformability

pulses: At the fixed positions2. Delay diversity

gain

• CDD-induced

g

3. Saturation effectCAF pulses: Its position can be

4. Cyclostationarity

tuned by cyclic-delay intervals.

18

CAF of the received CDD-OFDM

2 4Δ = 2 10Δ =

common commoncommonCP-inducedcomponents

Am

p

distinguishablecyclic delay

commonCP-inducedcomponents

distinguishableli d l

Am

pplitude of CAF

modulatedcomponents

cyclic-delay modulatedcomponents

plitude of CAF

05

1015

1020

3040

FCycl

05

1015

1020

3040

Cycle f2025

3035

-40-30

-20-10

010

Lag par

amete

r

cle frequency

2025

3035

-40-30

-20-10

010e frequency

Lag par

amete

r

19

Outline






Parallel transmission based on Cyclic-Delay Modulation (CDM)

CDM Channel E d

CDM VectorMapper

CAFEstimator

CDM Channel D C d

CDM VecotorDecision

CDM Vector

D

CDM Channel over Spectrum-Domain

CDMb̂CDMb

Encoder Mapper

S/P

Binary Data

Estimator DeCoder

P/S

Decision Unit Demapper

Binary Data

OFDMChannel Encoder

QAMOFDM/CDMWaveformGenerator

...OFDM

Demodulator

OFDMChannel Encoder

OFDM Channel over Frequency-Domain

OFDMb OFDMb̂

B3G/4G transceiverC DMb

Practical green-communications[ ]

C D M V ectorM apper

C D M /O FD M W aveform G enerator { }

1

Q

q q =∈δ δ

• Increasing the transmit rate without the cost of bandwidth and power, while keeping the performance of original system

• Sending digital data in a embedded manner; robustness againstIFFT

1

TNTnΔ C P

2Δ C P

,1 [ ]ls nC P

...

..

, 2 [ ]ls n

, [ ]Tl ns n

1, 0{ }N

l k kc −=

[ ]ls kC yclic D elay

C yclic D elayQ A M

...

...OFDMb

21

Sending digital data in a embedded manner; robustness against stationary noise and timing offset TNΔ C P

., [ ]

Tl Ns nC yclic D elay

.

Parallel digital transmission

Multiplexing of CDM channel and OFDM channel

c o m m o nC P - i n d u c e dc o m p o n e n t s

C D M W a v e fo r m

c o m p o n e n t s

Am

plitude of CA

F

d i s t i n g u i s h a b l ec y c l i c d e l a ym o d u l a t e dc o m p o n e n t s

C D MC h a n n e l

O v e rS p e c tr u m

S ig n a l D e s ig n w ith S t a t is t ic a l

C h a r a c te r is t ic s0

51 0

1 52 0

2 53 0

3 5- 4 0

- 3 0- 2 0

- 1 00

1 02 0

3 04 0

F

L a g p a ram e te rC ycle frequency

D o m a in

- 4 0

y

O F D M C h l S i l D i ith

O F D M W a v e fo r m

C h a n n e lO v e r

F r e q u e n c yD o m a in

S ig n a l D e s ig n w ith D e t e r m in is t ic

C h a r a c te r is t ic s

22

Mapping from binary digits to statistical waveforms

Binary digits modulate the pulse position of CAF of the CDD OFDM signal

4 00100Δ = ⇔ 10 01010Δ ⇔

of the CDD-OFDM signal.

2 4 00100Δ = ⇔2 10 01010Δ = ⇔

common commoncommonCP-inducedcomponents

Am

plitud

distinguishablecyclic delaymodulatedcomponents

CP-inducedcomponents

distinguishablecyclic-delay modulatedcomponents

Am

plitude

05

10 3040

de of CA

F

p

05

10 3040

components e of CA

F

C1015

2025

3035

-40-30

-20-10

010

2030

Lag parameter

Cycle frequency

1015

2025

3035

-40-30

-20-10

010

2030Cycle frequency Lag parameter

23

0

What’s spectrum-domain communications?

2G 3G B3G/4G 5G

Time-frequency- Time-frequency- Spectrum-

Signal design with deterministic Statistical

q ydomain comm.

q yspace- domain comm. domain comm.

Signal design with deterministic characteristics

Statistical characteristics

Spectrum domain communications specify a digitalSpectrum-domain communications specify a digital transmission procedure over statistical spectrum-domain, in which the transmitter maps binary digitsdomain, in which the transmitter maps binary digits into the statistical characteristics of transmit signals and the receiver recoveries these digits by

24extracting the modulated statistical characteristicsof the received signals.

Outline






Instrument-based prototype

26

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spectrum-domain communications:domain communications · sh h i r h c t f wi lshanghai research...

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