spectrum management tools and techniques 2020 … · 1 spectrum management tools and techniques...

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Spectrum Management Tools and Techniques 2020 -Tria l for an outlook to the next decade

Cédric GonzalezLS telcom SAS, France

ITU-D Regional Development Forum for the Africa Reg ion onModern Spectrum Management and transition from Anal ogue to

Digital Broadcasting - Trends and TechnologiesBanjul, 14 – 16 July 2010

© 2010 LS telcom AG Spectrum Management in a changing environment Page 2

Agenda

� Challenges Ahead

� Possible Cure's

� Flexible Licensing: Need for Smart Monitoring Systems

� Exempt, Temporary and Micro Cell Licensing: Need for Self Managing Devices & Band Databases

� Improved Spectrum Management Systems

� Summary

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Rising Spectrum Demand

Challenges Ahead


Challenges (1/4)

� Modified user demands and habits…

� Open Broadband access everywhere, Fixed, Nomadic and Mobile

� High Definition TV

� Still rising mobile communication demand

� Event Communication increases rapidly

� New Services coming up

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Challenges (2/4)

� Other requirements …

� Non Civilian Usage increases: - Remote control of robots and vehicles

- Video surveillance

- Tactical Communication

� Health issues

� Carbon Balance

We need smart methods to manage and use our Spectrum more e fficiently !


Spectrum Consumption per Service

Challenges (3/4)

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Where is Spectrum consumed?

Challenges (4/4)

Band usage in UK. Source: Ofcom


Possible Cure: Flexible Licensing

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Flexible Licensing (1/3)

� Technology and Service Neutral Licenses

� Frequencies and whole Spectrum shall be granted for arbitrary

technology as long as band masks are obeyed

� Method to overcome technology blocking of granted licenses

� Problem is to keep the definitions general- Encouraging change of technology

- Avoiding interference in adjacent bands and regions

� Better Analysis and Measurement coverage may be required

� Inter-Service Co-Ordination may be complex


� Technology Neutral Licenses: Band masks

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

050 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250

Atte

nuat

ion

in d

Bc

Frequency Separation from the Center Frequency in Percent of Carrier Width


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� Spectrum trading and secondary usage

� Re-Sale of granted frequency space will be widely in place

� Allowing Re-Use of assigned Spectrum when business models do not pay out or demand is gone

� Very different models in place and under discussion- Simple trade of complete frequency or spectrum block

- Sub-Use of residual Spectrum (not for high availability services)

- Time Slot defined use

To ensure Quality of service, the monitoring needs to be improved !



Needed Support: Smart Monitoring Devices

allowing

“Interactive Frequency Assignment”

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� Distributed Spectrum Monitoring Systems

� Small, IP based units with Omni, Directed or DF Antennas

� Units are usually programmable, often based on an embedded Windows or Linux System

� Reduces the effort of mobile campaigns and is permanently available

� Costs usually substantially lower than for standard equipment

� Provides permanent sensing capabilities with a narrow mesh

Measurement Location

TX Location

Smart Monitoring (1/3)

Classic Scenario Meshed Scenario



� Distributed Spectrum Monitoring Systems: Examples

Agilent N6841

CRFS RFeye

Thales TRC 6200

R&S UMS120

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t1 t1+Delta tMeasurement Location

TX Location

� Time Difference on Arrival� Location without directive antennas

� Very efficient in Cities

� Needs at least 3-4 stations for successful location analysis

Delta t

Trigger Time to Trigger Time to

Trigger

Event

Trigger

Event



Possible Cure:

Exempt, Temporary and Micro Cell Licensing

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Elimination of Neighbourhood Problems

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.85

0.90

0.95

1.00

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

Size of License Area in 1000 km²

Rs= 1 km

Rs= 5 km

Rs= 10 km

Rs= 20 km

Rs= 50 km

Sha

ring

Effi

cien

cy

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.85

0.90

0.95

1.00

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

Size of License Area in 1000 km²

Rs= 1 km

Rs= 5 km

Rs= 10 km

Rs= 20 km

Rs= 50 km

Sha

ring

Effi

cien

cy

Digital PMR

Cellular Mobile

PMP NLOS

Digital TV

Analogue TV

�� Micro cell structures are more spectrum efficient

Possible Cure: Microcell Licensing


Possible Cure: Modified Band Packing

� Filling in add on services in free time or free loc ations

A

A

A

A A

A

A AA

A

C

F

D E

B

H IG

A A

A

A

A

AAA

A B

D

A

E

ABC

One Operator

One Service Multiple Services

Multiple Operators

A

A

A

A A

A

A AA

A

A

A

A A

A

A AA

A

C

F

D E

B

H IG

A

C

F

D E

B

H IG

A A

A

A

A

AAA

A A

A

A

A

AAA

A B

D

A

E

ABC

A B

D

A

E

ABC

One Operator

One Service Multiple Services

Multiple Operators

This method requires Self Managing Devices or a Real Time M anager !

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Needed Support: Self Managing Devices

allowing

“Fully Automated Frequency Assignment”


Self Managing Devices (1/2)

� Cognitive-Software Defined Radios (CR) according FC C:

� Frequency Agility

� Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS)

� Adaptive Modulation

� Transmit Power Control (TPC)

� Location Awareness

� Negotiated Use

Fre

qu

ency

Time

Control Channel

Device 2

Device 1

Device 3

Device 4Device 5

Device 6

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� Cognitive-Software Defined Radios (CR):

� Defined distribution rules

� Soft-regulator

� Control channel

� Defined Protocol

Self Managing Devices (2/2)


Needed Support: Band Databases

allowing

“Real Time Frequency Assignment”

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Band Databases (1/2)

� White-Space databases

� Where are which frequencies and which services when in use

� Is the frequency open for secondary usage

� Is use negotiable?

� At which costs and restrictions?

Time

Amplitude

Frequency

Frequency White-Space

White-Space in Time

Local White-Space


White Space Database Set-Up for TVBD FCC

Band Databases (2/2)

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Possible Cure:

Improved Spectrum Management Systems


� Service Oriented Architecture allows smarter intera ctions

� Automated Processes can be realized much easier

DB App.General

EMC

WEB App.Service Analysis

Improved SMS: WEB serviced tools

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Licensing Process

New Application

Frequency Assignment

Print Application Receipt

Calculate Fee

Technical Analysis

Load Channel Arrangement

National Coordination

International Coordination

ITU Notification

Technical Analysis Complete

Interference Analysis

Licensing

Technical

Monitoring

Finance

Departments

Business

Process

Engine Wiz

ards

External Monitoring System

Spectrum Monitoring

MonitoringOrder

MeasurmentResult

External CRM System

New Application Data EntryAddress Data

Status Data

External Finance System

Print ProposalInvoice Data

PaidIssue License

Dep

artm

ents

Licensee

Improved SMS: Fully automated processes


Improved SMS: WEB serviced networks

� Networked systems improve speed and quality

White Space

database

Monitoring

sensor

Monitoring

sensor

Monitoring

sensor

Cognitive

Radio

ITU

Databases

Regional

Databases

Regulator

SMS

Regulator

Users

Regulator

Stakeholder

Private Calc.

Service

Military

Regulator

ITU Calc.

Services

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Summary


Summary

� There will be significant changes in Policy and Tec hnology

� Licensing will face� Technology neutrality

� Spectrum Trading

� Secondary/White Space usage

� Cognitive Radio is under way but will unfold its si gnificance not before the mid of the next decade due to price and availability

� Monitoring will become a more important role in fre quency assignment

� White Space Databases will speed up frequency assig nment

� Future SMS Software might look different:� More involved entities

� Usage of Web services will better link the world

� Interactive licensing will become a common mean

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Thank You for your attention!

Any Questions?

spectrum management tools and techniques 2020 … · 1 spectrum management tools and techniques...

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