speed control of pmsm motor
TRANSCRIPT
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Digital Implementation of Speed regulation for PMSM
using GA
Content
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Proposed system
4. Various control techniques
5. Literature surey
!. "o#t$are description
%. &loc' dia(ram
). Adanta(es
*. +e#erences
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ABSTRACT:
,i(ital control technolo(y has rapidly been deeloped #or po$er electronics
and electrical dries- and it has been the impetus to the $idespread use o# a
permanent ma(net synchronous motor in many industrial applications such
as chip mount machines- semiconductor production machines- hi(h
resolution computeri/ed numerically controlled machine tools- robotics- and
hard dis' dries. A P0"0 has lo$ noise- lo$ inertia- hi(h torquetocurrent
ratio- hi(h e#ciency- robustness- and lo$ maintenance cost. e propose a
(enetic al(orithm A based speed re(ulator system #or a permanent
ma(net synchronous motor. &y usin( the A the motor acceleration
obserer as $ell as a speed re(ulator is desi(ned. In terms o# linear matri6
inequalities- su#cient conditions #or the e6istence o# the re(ulator and
obserer are deried.
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INTRODUCTION
! G"N"RA#
7he deelopment and aailability o# ery hi(hener(y density permanentma(net materials has contributed to an increased use o# the permanent ma(net
synchronous motor P0"0 in hi(h per#ormance applications. 8i(hspeed
electric machines are o# interest as direct dries #or hi(hspeed millin(
machines- compressors and pumps- yieldin( a hi(h output po$er at rather small
machine dimensions. 7he hi(hspeed P0"0 permanent ma(net "ynchronous
motor $ith sinusoidal currents is the best choice #or hi(hspeed operation
because o# the hi(h e##iciency- lo$ torque ripple- lo$ noise- and e6cellent
control per#ormance. 7he P0"0 eliminates rotational co((in( torque due to
permanent ma(net pre#erred positions- decreases core loss and thus increases
e##iciency- proider9 e6cellent torqueto olume and po$erto olume ratios-
and has a linear current ersus torque relation. In the P0"0- in order to
(enerate smooth torque and thus reduce noise and ibration- the current
ae#orm should match the shape o# the motor electromotie #orce em#.
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!$ OB%"CTI&"
7he ob:ectie o# the pro:ect is to drie the permanent ma(net
synchronous motor by three phase sinusoidal stator currents.
7he trape/oidal current drie systems are popular because o# the "implicity ;#
their control circuits but su##er #rom a torque ripple problem durin(
commutation. 7rape/oidal commutation is inadequate to proide smooth and
precise motor control o# P0"0- particularly at lo$ speeds. "inusoidal
commutation soles this problem. In order to (enerate smooth "inusoidal
current $ae#orm- hi(h resolution rotor position #eedbac' is required. 7his hi(h
resolution rotor position is typically proided by an Incremental encoder or
resoler attached to the sha#t o# the motor.
8all sensors$hich are installed in the stator by themotor manu#acturer
are o#ten used. 8all sensors require little olume in comparison to the resoler
or
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!' #IT"RATUR" SUR&"(
1.Appli)ation Note *+,-*./No01$--*2 from N"C ele)troni)spresents a 3
phase permanent ma(net synchronous motor control so#t$are deeloped #or
>
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motor theory. Part 7$o relates brushless commutation usin( a alil 0otion
Controller. Part 7hree includes some real$orld cases o# brushless motor
e6amples- includin( tips and tric's to ma6imi/e the per#ormance o# a brushless
application.
4. Sali3 aris o;tur64/D"C1$--
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position in#ormation $ith the resolution o# *= electrical de(rees. 7he
conersion and compensation o# the rotor position si(nal based on Phase
Loc'ed Loop PLL are analy/ed.
*! Au1Ru4 5!= Oi6onomou4 N. presents Controlled ac dries $ithout speed
sensors o# the motor sha#t are in increasin( demand. V
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SO,TAR" US"D
0A7LA& "I0DLI>E
enetic Al(orithm Implementation in 0A7LA&
"@ISTING S(ST"M:
ADAPTI&" CONTRO# SC5"M" ,OR MOTORS
7he ?ollo$in( are the Adaptie Control "cheme used #or "peed +e(ulation
! Model Referen)ing Adapti0e Control /MRAC2
0+AC is a controller that can modi#y its behaiour in response to the chan(es
in dynamics o# the processes and the disturbances actin( on the process. "lidin(
0ode Control techniques
$! Self1Tuning Regulator /STR2
7he (ain schedulin( and 0+A" are called direct methods- because the
ad:ustment rule tells directly ho$ the controller parameters should be updated.
A di##erence scheme is obtained i# the estimates o# the process parameters are
updated and the controller parameters are obtained #rom the solution o# a
desi(n problem usin( the estimated parameters.
'! Gain s)3eduling S)3eme /GS2
ain schedulin( is an adaptie control strate(y- $here the (ain o# the system is
determined and based on its alue the controller parameters are chan(ed. 7his
approach is called (ain schedulin( because the scheme $as ori(inally used to
measure the (ain and then chan(e- that is- schedule the controller to compensate
#or chan(es in the process (ain.
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Draa)6s of t3e S8stem
It is an openloop adaptation scheme- $ith no real learnin( or intelli(ence
7he desi(n required #or its implementation is enormous
It is 8ard to Implement #or Certain 0otors
PROPOS"D S(ST"M:
Digital Implementation of Speed regulation for PMSM using GA
7he proposed A speed controller is robust because it does not depend on load
torque ariations. It is also proed that the speed error o# the closedloop system
coner(es to /ero. Via simulation and e6perimental results- it $as clearly
proen that the proposed method (ies ery remar'able speed control
per#ormance under model parameter and load torque ariations.
7he A has #ound application in the area o# the automatic tunin( process #or
conentional and intelli(ent controllers. "ame research has been conducted
usin( (enetic al(orithms to help online or o## line control systems. It has
primarily been utili/ed as an o##line technique #or per#ormin( a directed search
#or the optimal solution to a problem. In this paper- the A is used online in
realtime controller implementation to adaptiely search throu(h a population o#
Controllers and determine the member most #it to be implemented oer a (ien
samplin( period
Ad0antages of GA ased Speed Control
Concept o# ?le6ibility and
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"upports multiob:ectie optimi/ation
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7he speed #eedbac' is (ien to the controller i.e is compared $ith the
required speed depends on the di##erence alue P0 (atin( si(nals are
(enerated.
MOD"#ING O, PMSM DRI&" S(ST"M
7he con#i(uration o# P0"0 drie system is (ien in ?i(. 7he drie system arecomposed o# speed controller enetic PI or conentional PI- a current
re(ulator- a hysteresis band current controller- a three phase P0 inerter and
a position encoder
B#OC> DIAGRAM
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F is rotor position- r G actual speed and H - H - Ha b c i i i re#erence phase
currents. G e speed error is di##erence bet$een H rG re#erence speed and r G
actual speed. Dsin( G e speed error- the speed controller (eneratesI H called as
re#erence current or control current.
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7he synthesis o# a control system includes both the controller selection and the
ad:ustment o# its parameters. In some cases- the type o# controller mi(ht be
conentional PI. In this case- the tunin( problem must be satis#actorily soled.7o improe limitations o# conentional PI controller especially $hen applied to
hi(h order systems- $e propose enetic PI controller #or the &,C0. 7he
structures o# the proposed controller $ere motiated by the problems o#
conentional PI controllers that they (enerally (ie ineitable oershoot $hen
one tries to reduce rise time o# response especially $hen a system o# order
hi(her than one is under consideration. "ince the undesirable characteristics o#
the conentional PI controller are caused by inte(ratin( operation o# the
controller- een thou(h the inte(rator itsel# is introduced to oercome steady
state error in response- $e propose enetic PI controller that clear out
inte(rated quantities accordin( to situation. 7he enetic PI (ies reduced rise
time as $ell as small oershoot. 7his initial tunin( has been tested #or the
system and a qualitatie tunin( has also been established.
Need ,or Geneti) Algorit3m
7his paper inesti(ates the use o# (enetic al(orithm A #or tunin( the (ains o#
the conentional PI. "uch problems are ery hard in (eneral- and A o##ers a
use#ul and success#ul alternatie to e6istin( techniques. 7hus enetic Al(orithm
has made possible the establishment o# intelli(ent control. A is a (roup o#
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do not require that #itness is a per#ect measure o# quality9 they can to some
modest e6tent tolerate a #itness measure in $hich the #itter o# some pairs o#
candidates is also the poorer as a solution.
$! Sele)tion!
"elect pairs o# candidate solutions #rom the current (eneration to be used #or
breedin(. 7his may be done entirely randomly- or stochastically based on #itness
or in other $ays but usually based on #itness- such that #itter indiiduals hae
more chance o# bein( chosen.
'! Breeding!
Produce ne$ indiiduals by usin( (enetic operators on the indiiduals chosen in
the selection step. 7here are t$o main 'inds o# operatorsK
Recombination:A ne$ indiidual is produced by recombinin( #eatures o# a
pair o# parent solutions.
MutationK A ne$ indiidual is produced by sli(htly alterin( an e6istin( one
7he idea o# recombination is that use#ul components o# the members o# a
breedin( pair may combine success#ully to produce an indiidual better than
both parents9 i# the o## sprin( is poor it $ill :ust hae lo$er chance o# selection
later on. In any eent- #eatures o# the parents appear in di##erent combinations in
the o##sprin(. 0utation- on the other hand- seres to allo$ local hillclimbin(-
as $ell introduce ariation $hich cannot be introduced by recombination.
.! Population update
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7he set is altered- typically by choosin( to remoe some or all o# the indiiduals
in the e6istin( (eneration usually be(innin( $ith the least #it and replacin(
these $ith indiiduals produced in the breedin( step. 7he ne$ population thus
Produced becomes the current (eneration.
7he A is an optimi/ation routine based on the principles o# ,ar$inian 7heory
and natural (enetics. "ince the inception o# the A concept by 8olland in 1*%5
it has been use#ul in solin( a $ide ariety o# problem. In the use o# the A-
there are t$o important aspects9
Chromosome codin(
,e#inin( the ealuation criteria
7he A per#orms a parallel search o# a parameter space by usin( (enetic
operators to manipulate a set o# encoded chromosome $hich represents system
parameters. 7he operation o# the A chan(es sli(htly dependin( on the base o#
the numbers to apply the (enetic operators crossover, mutation, reproduction,elitism.
In the enetic PI controller tunin(- each chromosome has a (enes as a possible
proportional and inte(ral (ain alues. Chromosome #itness is eoled durin(
eolution usin( the inte(ral $ith respect to time o# the absolute speed error
International JII.
T5" G"N"TIC A#GORIT5M ,OR T5" PMSM
7he enetic PI controller #or the P0"0 dries is sho$n in ?i( the A uses the
principles o# eolution and (enetics to select and adapt the controller parameters
Kp and Ki. 7he controller parameters are coded by decimal numbers in
chromosome. 7he candidate controllers o# the enetic PI controller are de#ined
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as members o# the population. ,urin( time step- each member o# the population
is ealuated on ho$ $ell it minimi/es the I7A
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( Produce the ne6t (eneration usin( A operators and let t3 t/ (o to step d
h 7he ma6imally #it $ibecomes $* and send the chan(e o# control action
i*(k) to control the drie. here i* ( k ) is the in#erred chan(e o# re#erence
current by the controller
At the kth samplin( time and de#ined as
i* ( k ) M i* ( k O 1)Oi( k ) 11
here- i* ( k O 1) is the preious re#erence current
GA Based PI for PMSM Dri0es
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COMPON"NTS US"D
! P"RMAN"NT MAGN"T S(NC5RONOUS MOTOR
$! CONSTRUCTION
A permanent ma(net synchronous motor P0"0 is a motor that uses
permanent ma(nets to produce the air (ap ma(netic #ield rather than usin(
electroma(nets. 7hese motors hae si(ni#icant adanta(es- attractin( the interest
o# researchers and industry #or use in many Applications.
$!! STATOR
?i(.2.1stator
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7he stator dia(ram o# P0"0 is sho$n in the aboe #i(ure. 7hree $indin(s A-
&- C are placed in 12= de(ree electrically in the stator. 7hree 8all orth > and "outh " poles. &ased on the required
ma(netic #ield density in the rotor- the proper ma(netic material is chosen to
ma'e the rotor. ?errite ma(nets are traditionally used to ma'e permanent
ma(nets. As the technolo(y adances- rare earth alloy ma(nets are (ainin(
popularity. 7he #errite ma(nets are less e6pensie but they hae the
disadanta(e o# lo$ #lu6 density #or a (ien olume. In contrast- the alloy
material has hi(h ma(netic density per olume and enables the rotor to
compress #urther #or the same torque. Also- these alloy ma(nets improe the
si/eto$ei(ht ratio and (ie hi(her torque #or the same si/e motor usin( #errite
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ma(nets. >eodymium >d- "amarium Cobalt "mCo and the alloy o#
>eodymium- ?errite and &oron >d?e& are some e6amples o# rare earth alloy
ma(nets. Continuous research is (oin( on to improe the #lu6 density to
compress the rotor #urther. Aboe ?i(.2.2 sho$s the cross sections o# di##erent
arran(ements o# ma(nets in a rotor. +ecent aailability o# hi(h ener(ydensity
permanent ma(net P0 materials at competitie prices- continuin(
brea'throu(hs and reduction in cost o# po$er#ul #ast di(ital si(nal processors
,"Ps and microcontrollers combined $ith the remar'able adances in
semiconductor s$itches and modern control technolo(ies hae opened up ne$
possibilities #or permanent ma(net brushless motor dries in order to meet
competitie $orld$ide mar'et demands.
$!$ ,"ATUR"S O, PMSM
1. 8i(h e##iciency
2. 8i(h torque to inertia ratio
3. 8i(h torque to inertia ratio
4. 8i(h torque to olume ratio
5. 8i(h air (ap #lu6 density
!. 8i(h po$er #actor
%. 8i(h acceleration and deceleration rates
). Lo$er maintenance cost
*. "implicity and ru((edness
1=. Compact structure
11. Linear response in the e##ectie input olta(e
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Permanent ma(nets that proide a constant ma(netic #ield on the rotor
#ollo$ the rotatin( stator ma(netic #ield at a constant speed. 7his speed is
dependent on the applied #requency and pole number o# the motor. "ince the
s$itchin( #requency is deried #rom the rotor- the motor cannot lose its
synchronism. 7he current is al$ays s$itched be#ore the permanent ma(nets
catch up9 there#ore the speed o# the motor is directly proportional to the current
s$itchin( rate. +ecent deelopments in the area o# semiconductor s$itches and
coste##ectie ,"Ps and microprocessors hae opened a ne$ era #or the
ad:ustable speed motor dries. "uch adances in the motor related subareas
hae helped the #ield o# motor dries by replacin( complicated hard$are
structures $ith so#t$are based control al(orithms. 7he result is considerable
improement in cost $hile proidin( better per#ormance o# the oerall drie
system. 7he synchronous motor is a constantspeed motor $hich al$ays rotates
at synchronous speed dependin( on the #requency o# the supply olta(e and the
number o# poles. 7he permanent ma(net synchronous motor is a 'ind o#
synchronous motor i# its electrically e6cited #ield $indin(s are replaced by
permanent ma(nets $hich proide a constant rotor ma(netic #ield.
$!' AD&ANTAG" O, PMSM O&"R CON&"NTIONA#
S(NC5RONOUS
MOTOR
1. o rotor copper losses (enerated in the #ield $indin(s o# $ound#ield
synchronous motor.
3. 8i(her e##iciency because o# #e$er losses.
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4. "ince there is no circuit creatin( heat on the rotor- coolin( o# the motor :ust
throu(h the stator in $hich the copper and iron loses are obsered is more easily
achieed. +eduction o# machine si/e because o# hi(h e##iciency
5. ,i##erent si/e and di##erent arran(ements o# permanent ma(nets on the rotor
$ill lead to hae $ide ariety o# machine characteristics.
$!. ROTOR POSITION "STIMATION M"T5ODS
7he stator $indin(s are ener(i/ed sequentially by the P0 inerter $ith
the re#erence o# rotor position- It is important to 'no$ the rotor position in order
to understand $hich $indin( $ill be ener(i/ed #ollo$in( the ener(i/in(
sequence. 7$o ma:or methods are used to estimate the rotor position- one is by
usin( the sensors li'e 1.8all e##ect sensor- 2.
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o# the conductor. 7he presence o# this measurable transerse olta(e is called
the 8all
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?i(.2.5 ;ptical Interrupter ?i(.2.! "lotted ,isc
An encoder is a rotary deice that outputs di(ital pulses in
response to incremental an(ular motion. C
systems to accurately position the J table. A rotary encoder typically has 2
outputs. 7hese outputs emit si(nals that are *= de(rees out o# phase $ith respect
to each other. 7he output si(nals may be square $ae or sine $ae. "ine $ae
outputs are typically used in hi(her resolution encoder applications. ;ptical
Interrupter and "lotted ,isc are sho$n in?i(2.5 and2.5 respectiely
T5R"" P5AS" IN&"RT"R
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7hreephaseinerters are used #or ariable#requency drieapplications and #or
hi(h po$er applications such as 8V,Cpo$er transmission. A basic three
phase inerter consists o# three sin(lephase inerter s$itches each connected to
one o# the three load terminals. ?or the most basic control scheme- the operation
o# the three s$itches is coordinated so that one s$itch operates at each !=
de(ree point o# the #undamental output $ae#orm. 7his creates a linetoline
output $ae#orm that has si6 steps. 7he si6step $ae#orm has a /eroolta(e
step bet$een the positie and ne(atie sections o# the square$ae such that the
harmonics that are multiples o# three are eliminated as described aboe. hen
carrierbased P0 techniques are applied to si6step $ae#orms- the basic
oerall shape- or envelope- o# the $ae#orm is retained so that the 3rd harmonic
and its multiples are cancelled.
7o construct inerters $ith hi(her po$er ratin(s- t$o si6step threephase
inerters can be connected in parallel #or a hi(her current ratin( or in series #or
a hi(her olta(e ratin(. In either case- the output $ae#orms are phase shi#ted to
obtain a 12step $ae#orm. I# additional inerters are combined- an 1)step
inerter is obtained $ith three inerters etc. Althou(h inerters are usually
combined #or the purpose o# achiein( increased olta(e or current ratin(s- the
quality o# the $ae#orm is improed as $ell.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-phase_electric_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-frequency_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_direct_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-phase_electric_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-frequency_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_direct_current -
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Rectifier and inverter pulse numbers
+ecti#ier circuits are o#ten classi#ied by the number o# current pulses that #lo$
to the ,C side o# the recti#ier per cycle o# AC input olta(e. A sin(lephase
hal#$ae recti#ieris a onepulse circuit and a sin(lephase #ull$ae recti#ieris
a t$opulse circuit. A threephase hal#$ae recti#ier is a threepulse circuit and
a threephase #ull$ae recti#ier is a si6pulse circuit.ith threephase recti#iers- t$o or more recti#iers are sometimes connected in
series or parallel to obtain hi(her olta(e or current ratin(s. 7he recti#ier inputs
are supplied #rom special trans#ormers that proide phase shi#ted outputs. 7his
has the e##ect o# phase multiplication. "i6 phases are obtained #rom t$o
trans#ormers- t$ele phases #rom three trans#ormers and so on. 7he associated
recti#ier circuits are 12pulse recti#iers- 1)pulse recti#iers etc.
hen controlled recti#ier circuits are operated in the inersion mode- they
$ould be classi#ied by pulse number also. +ecti#ier circuits that hae a hi(her
pulse number hae reduced harmonic content in the AC input current and
reduced ripple in the ,C output olta(e. In the inersion mode- circuits that
hae a hi(her pulse number hae lo$er harmonic content in the AC output
olta(e $ae#orm.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier#Half-wave_rectificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier#Half-wave_rectificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier#Full-wave_rectificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier#Half-wave_rectificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier#Half-wave_rectificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier#Full-wave_rectification -
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PI CONTRO##"R 1 Proportional F Integral Controllers
Proportional O Inte(ral PI controllers $ere deeloped because o# the desirable
property that systems $ith open loop trans#er #unctions o# type 1 or aboe hae
/ero steady state error $ith respect to a step input.
7unin( PI Controllers eneral approach to tunin(K
1. Initially hae no inte(ral (ain 7I lar(e
2. Increase EP until (et satis#actory response
3. "tart to add in inte(ral decreasin( 7I until the steady state error is remoed
in satis#actory time may need to reduce EP i# the combination becomes
oscillatory
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Anti1indup in I F PI )ontrollers
Dnder some operatin( conditions nonlinearity in the plant or controller can
stop an Inte(ral controller #rom remoin( the steady state error. I# the Inte(rator
output is not limited- then durin( this time the total o# the inte(rated summed
error QEIetdtR $ill continue to build. ;nce the restrictions are #inally
remoed- problems can arise because this built up Sener(yT must be remoed
be#ore the inte(ral control can act normallyU this can ta'e a lon( time. 7o
aoid this- anti$indup circuits are added that place limits on the inte(ral
total. 7hese limits are usually placed on the summed output o# the PI
controller as $ell
MOTOR DRI&"R
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7he 0otor ,rier is the Inte(rated Part $ith 0otor Po$er and Control
Components. 7he ,rier Controls the 0otor ,rie accordin( to the input
command #rom 0otor Controller and po$er Circuit. In the aboe dia(ram
,+V)3=1 is an >e$ desi(ns o# po$er electronics systems are the norm due to ne$
applications and lac' o# standardi/ation in speci#ications is because o#
aryin( customer demands. Accurate simulation is necessary to minimi/e
costly repetitions o# desi(ns and bread boardin( and hence reduce the oerall
cost and the concepttoproduction time.
7here are many bene#its o# simulation in the desi(n process- some
o# them are listed belo$ hereK
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"imulation is $ell suited #or educational purpose. It is an e##icient $ay #or
desi(ner to Learn ho$ a circuit and its control $or'in(.
It is normally much cheaper to do a thorou(h analysis than to build
the actual circuit in $hich component stresses are measured. A
simulation can discoer the possible problems and determine optimal
parameters- increasin( the possibility o# (ettin( the prototype
>e$ circuit concepts and parameter ariation includin( tolerances on
components are easily tested. Chan(es in the circuit topolo(y are
implemented at no cost. 7here is no need #or components to be aailableon short notice.
"imulated $ae#orms at di##erent places in the circuit are easily monitored
$ithout the hindrance o# measurement noise. As s$itchin( #requencies
increases- the problem o# laboratory measurements becomes increasin(ly
di##icult. 7hus- simulations may become more accurate than measurement
,estructie tests that cannot be done in the lab- either because o# sa#ety or
because o# costs inoled- can easily be simulated. +esponse to #aults and
abnormal conditions can also be thorou(hly analy/ed.
7he so#t$are tool used #or the simulation studies is 0A7LA&@"I0DLI>E.
0A7LA& is a hi(h per#ormance lan(ua(e #or technical computin(. It
inte(rates computation- isuali/ation- and pro(rammin( in an easy to use
enironment $here problems and solutions are e6pressed in #amiliar
mathematical notation. 7ypical uses include 0ath and computation al(orithm
deelopment ,ata acquisition modellin( simulation and prototypin( data
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analysis e6ploration and isuali/ation scienti#ic and en(ineerin( (raphics
application deelopment includin( (raphical user inter#ace buildin(.
0A7LA& is an interactie system $hose basic data element is an
array that does not require dimensionin(. 7his allo$s you to sole many
technical computin( problems- especially those $ith matri6 and ector
#ormulations- in a #raction o# the time it $ould ta'e to $rite a pro(ram in a
scalar noninteractie lan(ua(e such as C or ?;+7+A>. 0A7LA& has
eoled oer a period o# years $ith input #rom the users. In industry- 0A7LA&
is the tool o# choice #or hi(hproductiity research- deelopment and analysis.
0A7LA& #eatures a #amily o# addon applicationspeci#ic solutions called
toolbo6es. Very important to most users o# 0A7LA&- toolbo6es allo$ you to
learn and apply speciali/ed technolo(y. 7oolbo6es are comprehensie
collections o# 0A7LA& #unctions that e6tend the 0A7LA& enironment to
sole particular classes o# problems. Areas in $hich toolbo6es are aailable
include si(nal processin(- control systems- neural net$or's- #u//y lo(ic-
$aelets- simulation and many others. 7he 0A7LA& ersion used is %.).=.
"imPo$er "ystems toolbo6 is mainly used.
simulatin( basic electrical circuits and detailed electrical po$er systems. 7hese
tools let one model the (eneration- transmission- distribution- and consumption
o# electrical po$er- as $ell as its conersion into mechanical po$er. "im Po$er
"ystems is $ell suited to the deelopment o# comple6- sel#contained po$er
systems- such as those in automobiles- aircra#t- manu#acturin( plants- and po$er
utility applications.
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"im Po$er "ystems operates in the "imulin' enironment. 7he
libraries contain models o# typical po$er equipment such as trans#ormers- lines-
machines- and po$er electronics. 7he "im Po$er "ystems main library- po$er
lib- or(ani/es its bloc's into libraries accordin( to their behaiour. 7he po$er
lib library $indo$ displays the bloc' library icons and names. ,oubleclic' a
library icon to open the library and access the bloc's. 7he main "im Po$er
"ystems po$er lib library $indo$ also contains the Po$er (ui bloc' that opens
a (raphical user inter#ace #or the steadystate analysis o# electrical circuits.
"teps inoled in the simulation are as #ollo$s-
1. "tart 0A7LA&- by double clic'in( on the 0A7LA& icon
2. In the 0A7LA&- clic' the "imulin' icon
3. "elect >e$ #rom the ?ilemenu $hich creates a ne$ $or'space $here the
&loc' dia(ram o# the system $ill be created
4. Connect all the components as per the circuit dia(ram usin( the "imulin'
bro$ser
5. "elect the simulation parameters and set the start time and stop time
!. "tart the simulation and ie$ the $ae#orms at the respectie scope
"7A+7I> 0A7LA&
;n indo$s plat#orms- start 0A7LA& by doubleclic'in( the
0A7LA& shortcut icon on your indo$s des'top. ;n D>IJ plat#orms- start
0A7LA& by typin( matlab at the operatin( system prompt. ou can customi/e
0A7LA& startup. ?or e6ample- you can chan(e the directory in $hich
0A7LA& starts or automatically e6ecute 0A7LA& statements in a script #ile
named startup menu.
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0A7LA& ,
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Ad0antage of GA ased Speed Control
,i(ital speed control
It response sudden chan(es in load and it commanded speed
V"I method is used
Pro6imity sensor is used
CONC#USIONS
In this paper- a enetic al(orithm based PI speed controller #or P0"0 drie
system is presented. 0athematical model o# a P0"0 #ed by three phase
inerter is reali/ed- enetic PI speed controller #or speed control o# P0"0 are
desi(ned. 7he enetic PI and conentional PI controller are desi(ned and
simulated indiidually and results are (ien. ?rom the simulation results- it is
clear that the desi(ned the enetic PI controller has better speed response than
conentional PI controller
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+
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Induction 0otor ,ries at Very Lo$ and `ero "peeds Dsin( >eural
>et$or' ?lu6 ;bserers-TI222 ransactions on Industrial
2lectronics- ol. 5!- no. )- 2==*.
W15X C. Lascu- I. &oldea- ?. &laab:er(- SA Class o# "peed"ensorless
"lidin(0ode ;bserers #or 8i(hPer#ormance Induction 0otor,ries-TI222 ransactions on Industrial 2lectronics- . 5!@*- 2==*.
W1!X oun("u E$on- Yeon(8um Lee- "an(8o 0oon- &yun(Ei E$on-
Chan(8o Choi- YulEi "eo'- S"tandstill Parameter Identi#ication o#
VectorControlled Induction 0otors Dsin( the ?requency
Characteristics o# +otor &ars-TI222 ransactions on Industr&
0pplications- ol. 45- no. 5- 2==*.