Speeds & Feeds

Mastercam Handbook Volume 1 D-1

Drill Cycle Speeds

Cutting speeds depend on many factors, including material properties, tool diameter, depth of cut, machine rigidity and setup rigidity. Mastercam has built in material libraries that recommend speeds and feeds. It also includes a speed and feed calculator. You can manually calculate speeds and feeds using the formulas and data below. Tooling suppliers are also excellent sources of speeds and feeds data. Drilling & Reaming Surface Feet per Minute (SFM) Material Drilling Reaming Counterbore Steel, 1018 90 65 45 Steel, 4140 80 60 40 Steel, 4340 60 45 30 Stainless Steel, 303 100 50 50 Stainless Steel, 304 50 35 25 Aluminum, 6061-T6 250 300 125 Wood 240 - 120 Plastic 300 180 150 Polycarbonate 240 160 120 Use the following formula to calculate drill speeds:

Speed =SFM x 4

Cutter Diameter

Speeds & Feeds D

Appendix D

Mastercam X2

D-2

For example, to calculate the speed for a HSS drill in Aluminum:

Test you knowledge by calculating cutting speed for the following:

Example Operation Drilling

Material Aluminum 6061-T6 Tool .25 HSS Twist Drill SFM 250

Solution

Try It Operation Drilling

Material Stainless Steel, 303 Tool .201 HSS Twist

Drill SFM

Solution

Try It

Speeds & Feeds

Mastercam Handbook Volume 1 D-3

Drill Cycle Feeds

Drill cycle feeds are calculated using the following formulas:

Drill Feed Drill Diameter Feed (IPR)

Under .125 .001-.002 .125 - .25 .002-.004 .25 - .50 .004-.007

.50 1.00 .007-.015 Counterbore Feed

Counterbore Diameter Feed (IPR) .375 .004 .625 .005 .875 .006

Reamer Feed

Reamer Diameter Feed (IPR) Under .125 .003-.006 .125 - .25 .005-.009 .25 - .375 .007-.012 .375 - .50 .010-.015 .50 - .75 .015-.031

Tap Feed Tap Feed = Speed / Threads per inch Use the following formula to calculate drilling cycle feeds (except taps):

Feed = Speed x IPR

Appendix D

Mastercam X2

D-4

Example Operation Drilling

Material Aluminum 6061-T6 Tool .25 HSS Twist Drill

Speed 4,000 IPR .004

Solution

Try It Operation Reaming

Material Aluminum 6061-T6 Tool .25 Reamer

Speed IPR

Solution

Try It Operation Tapping

Material Aluminum 6061-T6 Tool -20 Tap

Speed IPR

Solution

Try It

Try It

Speeds & Feeds

Mastercam Handbook Volume 1 D-5

Contour/ Pocket Speeds

Cutting speeds depend on many factors, including the material properties, tool diameter, machine and setup rigidity and more. Mastercam has a built in speeds and feeds calculator and material library, or you can use the data and formulas below to manually calculate speeds and feeds. If the resulting speed exceeds the machine limit, use the machine max spindle speed in the feed calculation. Contour/Pocket Machining Surface Feet per Minute (SFM) Material HSS Carbide Steel, 1018 180 550 Steel, 4140 120 450 Steel, 4340 120 450 Stainless Steel, 303 175 450 Stainless Steel, 304 110 360 Aluminum, 6061-T6 800 1300 Wood 400 2250 Plastic 300 400 Polycarbonate 400 600 Use the following formula to calculate cutting speed: Example: Operation 2D Contour

Material Aluminum 6061-T6 Tool .5 Carbide End Mill SFM 1300

Max Spindle Speed = 10,000

Solution:

Speed =SFM x 4

Cutter Diameter

Appendix D

Mastercam X2

D-6

Contour/ Pocket Feeds

Contour feeds use the number of cutting flutes, cutting speed and chip load. Chip load is the amount of material removed with each swipe of the cutting flute. Contour/Pocket Machining Chip Load (IPR) Material 1/8 End

Mill 1 End Mill

Steel, 1018 .0007 .005 Steel, 4140 .0005 .003 Steel, 4340 .0003 .002 Stainless Steel, 303 .001 .003 Stainless Steel, 304 .001 .004 Aluminum, 6061-T6 .003 .009 Wood .005 .010 Plastic .001 .003 Polycarbonate .001 .003 Use the following formula to calculate contour feeds:

Feed = Number of Flutes x Speed x IPR Example: Operation 2D Contour Rough

Material Aluminum 6061-T6 Tool .5 Carbide End Mill

2 Flutes Speed 10,000

IPR .005

Solution:

The information here should be considered as a starting point only. For long or small diameters, reduce speeds and feeds by up to 75% to reduce tool chatter or breakage. Reduce feeds when the setup lacks rigidity, when a better surface finish is required, or in cases of tool chip or breakage.