spirit intent precedence de jure constitution or romans 13 gaming the system de facto

7/30/2019 Spirit Intent Precedence de Jure Constitution or Romans 13 Gaming the System de Facto

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Spirit Intent Precedence

De jure Constitution or Romans 13 gaming the system De facto?

Rule of Law Rule by Man or Rule by Law?

Edict

proclamation, announcement, pronouncement, law, decree, statute, act, diktat

De facto

De facto (Englishpronunciation:/d i f k t o/, /d e/,[1]Latin pronunciation:[de fakto ] ) is a Latin expression that

means "concerning fact."

In law, it often means "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially

established."

It is commonly used in

contrast to

de jure (which means "concerning the law")when referring to matters oflaw, governance, or technique (such as standards) that are found in the commonexperience as created or developed without or contrary to a regulation.

When discussing a legal situation, de jure designates what the law says,

while de facto designates action of what happens in practice.

It is analogous and similar to the expressions "for all intents and purposes" or "in fact".

The term can also be used in the context of conducting activity as a "matter of course" e.g. copying an individual on

an email de facto.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Act,_1982The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is abill of rights.

The Charter is intended toprotect certain political and civil rights of people in Canada

****from****the policies and actions of all levels of government.

It is also supposed to unify Canadians around a set of principles that embody those rights.[3][4]

The Charter was preceded by the Canadian Bill of Rights, which was introduced by the government of

John Diefenbakerin 1960.However, the Bill of Rights was only a federalstatute, rather than a constitutional document.

Therefore, it was limited in scope and was easily amendable. This motivated some within government to

improve rights protections in Canada.The movement forhuman rights and freedoms that emerged afterWorld War II also wanted to entrench

the principles enunciated in the

Universal Declaration of Human Rights.[5]

Hence, the government ofPrime MinisterPierre Trudeau enacted the Charter in 1982.

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Whereas Canada is founded on principles that recognize the

Supremacy of God and the Rule of Law

The following was extracted from the Law Society of Upper Canada - Lawyers Pro Conduct

103) Interpretation

(f) rules of professional conduct

cannot address every situation,

and a lawyer should observe

the rules in the spirit as well as in the letter.

Rule of Lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law

The Rule of law in its most basic form is no one is above the law.

Perhaps the most important application of the rule of law is the principle that governmental authority is

legitimately exercised only in accordance with,

publicly disclosed laws,adopted and enforced in accordance with established procedural steps that are referred to as due process.

The rule of law is hostile to dictatorship and to anarchy.

According to modern Anglo-American thinking, hallmarks of adherence to the rule of law commonly

include

a clear separation of powers,

legal certainty,the principle of legitimate expectation and equality of all before the law.

The concept is not without controversy, and it has been said that

"the phrase the rule of law has become meaningless thanks to ideological abuse and general over-use"

GO POE

General Over-use Proclamations Only Elusivity

publicly disclosed laws

52. (1) The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of Canada,

and any law that is inconsistent with the provisions of the Constitution

is,

to the extent of the inconsistency,

of no force or effect.www.pots2013.com

Power of the Spirit

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_and_spirit_of_the_law

The letter of the law versus the spirit of the law is an idiomaticantithesis. When one obeys the letter of thelaw but not the spirit, one is obeying the literal interpretation of the words (the "letter") of the law, but

not the intent of those who wrote the law.Conversely,

when one obeys the spirit of the lawbut

not the letter,

one is doing what the authors of the law intended,though not necessarily adhering to the literal wording.

"Law" originally referred tolegislative statute, but in the idiom may refer to any kind of rule.

Intentionally following the letter of the law but not the spirit may be accomplished through exploiting

technicalities, loopholes, and ambiguous language. Following the letter of the law but not the spirit is alsoa tactic used by oppressive governments. [edit] Shakespeare

William Shakespeare wrote numerous plays dealing with the letter v. spirit antithesis, almost always

coming down on the side of "spirit", often forcing villains (who always sided with the letter) to make

concessions and remedy. In one of the best known examples, The Merchant of Venice, he introducesthe quibble as a plot device to save both the spirit and the letter of the law. The moneylenderShylockhas

made an agreement with Antonio that if he cannot repay a loan he will have a pound of flesh from him.

When the debt is not repaid in timePortia at first pleads for mercy in a famous speech: "The quality ofmercy is not strain'd, It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven Upon the place beneath. It is twice blest:

It blesseth him that gives and him that takes." (IV,i,185). When Shylock refuses, she finally saves Antonio

by pointing out that Shylock's agreement with him mentioned no blood, and therefore Shylock can havehis pound of flesh only if he sheds no blood.

[edit]U.S. Constitutional lawInterpretations of the U.S. Constitution have historically divided on the "Letter v. Spirit" debate. For

example, at the founding, theFederalist Party argued for a looser interpretation of the Constitution,granting Congress broad powers in keeping with the spirit of the broader purpose of some founders

(notably including the Federalist founders' purposes). The Federalists would have represented the "spirit"

aspect. In contrast, the Democratic-Republicans, who favored a limited federal government, argued forthe strict interpretation of the Constitution, arguing that the federal government was granted only those

powers enumerated in the Constitution, and nothing not explicitly stated; they represented the "letter"

interpretation.Modern Constitutional interpretation also divides on these lines. Currently, Living Constitution scholars

advocate a "spirit"-esque interpretative strategy, although one grounded in a spirit that reflects broad

powers. Originalist orTextualist scholars advocate a more "letter"-based approach, arguing that theAmendment process of the Constitution necessarily forecloses broader interpretations that can beaccomplished simply by passing an amendment.

[edit]The Bible

This article contains weasel words: vague phrasing that oftenaccompaniesbiasedorunverifiableinformation. Such statements should be clarified or

removed. (September 2009)

See also:Law in Christianity

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Constitution of the United Kingdom

The constitution of the United Kingdom is the set of laws and principles under which theUnited Kingdom is governed.[1]

Unlike many nations, the UK has no single core constitutional document.

It is therefore often said that the country has an

uncodified orde facto

constitution.[2]However, much of the British constitution is embodied in the written form, within statutes, court judgments, and treaties.

The constitution has other unwritten sources, includingparliamentaryconstitutional conventionsand

royal prerogatives.

Since the English Civil War, the bedrock of the British constitution has traditionally been the doctrine of

parliamentary sovereignty,according to which the statutes passed by Parliament are the UK's supreme and final source of law.[3]

It follows that Parliament can change the constitution simply by passing new Acts of Parliament.

There is some debate about whether this principle remains

entirely valid today,[4]

in part due to the UK's European Union membership.[5]

Sovereigntyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereignty

Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a

territory.[1]

It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests

on a political fact for whichno purely legal explanation can be provided.

In theoretical terms, the idea of "sovereignty", historically, from Socrates to Thomas Hobbes, has always necessitated a

moral imperative on the entity exercising it.

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Rule of Law

The rule of law is alegal maxim which provides that no person is above the law, that no one can bepunished by the stateexcept for a breach of the law,

and that no one can beconvicted of breaching the law except in the manner set forth by the law itself.

The rule of law stands in contrast to the idea that the leader is above the law -

a feature ofRoman Law, Nazi law, and certain other legal systems.The phrase has been used since the 17th century, but the concept is older. For example, the Greek

philosopherAristotle said, "Law should govern".[2]

One way to be free from the rule of law is by denying that an enactment has the necessary attributesof law.

De facto

The rule of law has therefore been described as

"an exceedingly elusive notion"[3]giving rise to a "rampant divergenceof understandings".[4]

At least two principal conceptions of the rule of law can be identified: a formalist or "thin" and a

substantive or "thick" definition of the rule of law.Formalist definitions of the rule of law

do not make a judgment about the "justness" of law itself,but define specific procedural attributes that a legal framework must have in order to be in compliance

with the rule of law.

Substantive conceptions of the rule of law go beyond this and include certain substantive

rights that are said to be based on, or derived from,the rule of law.[5]

Different people have different interpretations about exactly what "rule of law" means.

According to political theoristJudith N. Shklar, "the phrase 'the Rule of Law'

has become meaningless thanks to ideological abuse and general over-use",

but nevertheless this phrase has in the past had specific and important meanings.[22]Among modernlegal theorists, most views on this subject fall into three general categories:

the formal (or "thin") approach,

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the substantive (or "thick") approach,

and

the functional approach.[23][24]

The "formal" interpretationis more widespread than the

"substantive" interpretation.

Formalists hold that the law must be prospective, well-known, and have characteristics of generality,

equality, and certainty.Other than that, the formal view contains no requirements as to the content of the law.[23]This formal approach allows laws that protect democracy and individual rights,

but

recognizes the existence of"rule of law"

in countries that

do not necessarily have such lawsprotecting democracy or individual rights.

The substantive interpretation holds

that the rule of law intrinsicallyprotects some

or

all individual rights.

The functional interpretationof the term"rule of law",

consistent with the

traditional English meaning,

contraststhe "rule of law" with the "rule of man."[24]According to the functional view, a society

in which government officers

have a great deal of discretion hasa low degree of

"rule of law",whereas a society in which government officers have little discretion has a high degree of "rule of law".

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[24]

The rule of law is thus somewhat at odds with flexibility, even when flexibility may be preferable.[24]

Rule of manis absence of

rule of law.It is a society in which one person, or a group of persons, rules arbitrarily. The Sovereign exercises

absolute authority and is not bound by any law, he as a person stands outside law. The philosopherThomas Hobbes advocated such a society, saying that a society would be better if it had one absolute

monarch as he would be free to choose and do what he thinks is best for the society without taking into

account the opinions of others.Others dissent by historical evidence that points in the opposing direction claiming the impermanence of

the systems brought on by dictators likeJoseph Stalin, Adolf HitlerandMao Zedong which are

remembered in having fared more by despotism than government system and thereby typifying theexertion of "rule of man" within their reigns. The results of which comprised violations to internationally

recognized basic human rights. Relating the common inference of warning against the utility of such

regimes that many have cited within the adage that Power corrupts and absolute power corruptsabsolutely.

The ancient concept ofrule of law can be distinguished from

rule by law,according to political science professor Li Shuguang:

"The difference....is that, under the rule of law,

the law is preeminent and

can serve as a check againstthe abuse of power.

Under rule by law,

the law is a mere tool for a government,that suppresses in a legalistic fashion."[25]

Renewed interests?

The General Assembly has considered rule of law as an agenda item since 1992, with renewed interest

since 2006 and has adopted resolutions at its last three sessions.[41] The Security Council has held anumber of thematic debates on the rule of law,[42]and adopted resolutions emphasizing the importance

of these issues in the context of women, peace and security, [43]children in armed conflict,[44] and the

protection of civilians in armed conflict.[45] The Peacebuilding Commission has also regularly addressed

rule of law issues with respect to countries on its agenda.[46][edit] International Bar Association

2009The Council of the International Bar Association passed a resolution in 2009 endorsing a substantive

or "thick" definitionof the rule of law:[47]

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-Stephenson-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-Stephenson-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autarchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligarchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacebuilding_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rule_of_law&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Bar_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-Stephenson-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-Stephenson-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autarchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligarchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacebuilding_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rule_of_law&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Bar_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law#cite_note-46


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An independent, impartial judiciary; the presumption of innocence; the right to a fair and public trial

without undue delay; a rational and proportionate approach to punishment; a strong and independent legalprofession;

strict protection of confidential communications between lawyer and client;

equality of all before the law;these are all fundamental principles of the Rule of Law. Accordingly, arbitrary arrests; secret trials;

indefinite detention without trial; cruel or degrading treatment or punishment; intimidation or corruption

in the electoral process, are all unacceptable. The Rule of Law is the foundation of a civilized society. Itestablishes a transparent process accessible and equal to all. It ensures adherence to principles that both

liberate and protect. The IBA calls upon all countries to respect these fundamental principles. It also calls

upon its members to speak out in support of the Rule of Law within their respective communities.

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Popular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the peopleis

the beliefthat the legitimacy of thestate is created by the will orconsent of its people, who are the source of all

political power.It is closely associated to the social contract philosophers, among whom areThomas Hobbes, John Locke

andJean-Jacques Rousseau.Popular sovereignty expresses a concept and does not necessarily reflect or describe a political reality.[1]

It is often contrasted with the conceptofparliamentary sovereignty, and with individual sovereignty.

Law by Man? Nope just a puppet Romans 13 Substantive Thick de facto!!!Attorney General wears far too Many

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent_of_the_governedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent_of_the_governedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent_of_the_governedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_contracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lockehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_sovereignty#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_sovereigntyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_sovereigntyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent_of_the_governedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_contracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lockehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_sovereignty#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_sovereigntyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_sovereignty


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HATS

Honor Among Thieves

RUNS 13

Responsibly Unaccountable Nuances Substantive

Attorney General, guardian of the public interest

13. (1) The Attorney General for Ontario shall serve as the guardian of the public interest in all matterswithin the scope of this Act or having to do in any way with the practice of law in Ontario or the

provision of legal services in Ontario, and for this purpose he or she may at any time require theproduction of any document or thing pertaining to the affairs of the Society. R.S.O. 1990, c. L.8, s. 13 (1);

1998, c. 21, s. 7 (1); 2006, c. 21, Sched. C, s. 13.

Admissions

(2) No admission of any person in any document or thing produced under subsection (1) is admissible inevidence against that person in any proceedings other than proceedings under this Act. R.S.O. 1990,

c. L.8, s. 13 (2); 1998, c. 21, s. 7 (2).

Protection of Minister(3) No person who is or has been the Attorney General for Ontario is subject to any proceedings of theSociety or to any penalty imposed under this Act for anything done by him or her while exercising the

functions of such office. R.S.O. 1990, c. L.8, s. 13 (3); 1998, c. 21, s. 7 (3).

Ultimately the Attorney General is accountable to the people of the province,

through the Legislature,for decisions relating to criminal prosecutions. Such accountability can only occur, of course, once the

prosecution is completed or when a final decision has been made not to prosecute. The sub judicae rule

bars any comment on a matter before the courts that is likely to influence the matter. The sub judicae rulestrictly prohibits the Attorney General from commenting on prosecutions that are before the courts. Given

the stature of the Attorney General's position,

any public comment coming from the officewould be seen as an attempt to influence the case.

Heck No!! Wouldnt want to be seen!!!

The Attorney General does not, however, direct or cause charges to be laid.

While the Attorney General and the Attorney General's agents may provide legal advice to the police, the

ultimate decision whether or not to lay charges is for the police.

Once the charge is laidthe decision as to whether the prosecution should proceed,

and in what manner, is for the Attorney General and the Crown Attorney.

The role has been referred to as "judicial-like" and as the

"guardian of the public interest".

As chief law officer, the Attorney General

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has a special responsibilityto be the guardian of

that most elusive concept- the rule of law.

The rule of law is a well established legal principle,

but hard to easily define.It is the rule of law that protects individuals,

and society as a whole,from arbitrary measures and safeguards personal liberties.

Legal Certainty?The Attorney General has a special role to play in advising Cabinet to ensure the rule of law is maintained

and that Cabinet actions are legally and constitutionally valid.

The responsibility is to present the case fairly - not necessarily to convict. This is a fundamental precept

of criminal law, even if it is not a particularly well-understood concept among the general public.

One of the Attorney General's responsibilities in fostering public respect for the rule of law,is to assist the public in understanding the nature and limits of the prosecutorial function

.

A tree grows in Crooklandwww.Tree13.com

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spirit intent precedence de jure constitution or romans 13 gaming the system de facto

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