sponge: set up cornell notes on pg. 71 topic: 12.6: visual accessory organs of the eye essential...
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Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 71
Topic:
12.6: Visual Accessory Organs of the Eye
Essential Questions:
1. What is the function of the lacrimal apparatus? Describe the pathways of the tears.
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
12.6: Visual Accessory Organs of the Eye
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SightVisual Accessory Organs• eyelids• lacrimal apparatus• extrinsic eye muscles
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Eyelid (palpebra) is composed of four layers:
1. Skin• Thinnest skin of the body• Protection
2. Muscle • orbicularis oculi (orbic-u-laris) – closes
lid• levator palperbrae superioris – opens lid
3. Connective tissue• tarsal glands – secrete oil onto eyelashes
• Helps keep lids from sticking together
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4. Conjunctiva (Con-junct-i-va)• mucous membrane; lines eyelid and covers portion of
eyeball• Lubricates eye• Prevents microbes from entering the eye• Protection• Contain an enzyme that has antibacterial properties
• Reduces eye infections• Thin/Freely movable/ transparent
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Conjunctivitis aka “Pinkeye”: inflammation of the conjunctiva• Caused by bacteria• Highly contagious
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Lacrimal Apparatus• Lacrimal gland
• lateral to eye• secretes tears
1. Canaliculi (cana-lik-u-lie)• collects tears
2. lacrimal sac• collects tears from canaliculi
3. nasolacrimal duct• collects tears from lacrimal
sac and empties tears into nasal cavity
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Figure 12.23
How does this picture explain why your nose start to run when you are crying?
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• Tear glands secrete excessively when a person is upset or when the conjunctiva is irritated
• Tears spill over the eyelid, nose fills with fluid
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The Eyes Natural Protection2m6s
Accessory Structures of the EyeStart: 2m36s
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Figure 12.24 Extrinsic Eye Muscles
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Extrinsic Eye Muscles
Superior rectus• rotates eye up and
medially
Inferior rectus• rotates eye down and
medially
Medial rectus• rotates eye medially
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Extrinsic Eye Muscles
Lateral rectus• rotates eye laterally
Superior oblique• rotates eye down
and laterally
Inferior oblique• rotates eye up and
laterally
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• SR= superior rectus
• IR= Inferior rectus
• MR= Medial rectus
• LR= lateral rectus
• SO= Superior oblique
• IO=Inferior oblique
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• The motor units of the eye muscles have the fewest muscle fibers of any muscles in the body• Move with great precision• Eyes move together
• Align when looking at something