spongesjellyfish
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Phylum Porifera & CnidariaPhylum Porifera & Cnidaria
![Page 2: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SpongesSponges
• Belong to phylum Porifera• Sessile• Around 10,000 species• Less specialized than other animals• No true tissues or organs• Grow in many shapes, sizes, & colors• Can be as small as 1 cm or as large as 2 m
• Belong to phylum Porifera• Sessile• Around 10,000 species• Less specialized than other animals• No true tissues or organs• Grow in many shapes, sizes, & colors• Can be as small as 1 cm or as large as 2 m
![Page 3: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Body PlanBody Plan
• Tube-like & asymmetrical• Osculum: • Opening at top of sponge. Water leaves through it• Collar cells:• Also called “choanocytes”• Innermost lining of sponge• Lined with flagella, draws water in and circulates it• Spongin & spicules:• Make up skeletons of sponges• Helps to support body of sponge under water pressure
• Tube-like & asymmetrical• Osculum: • Opening at top of sponge. Water leaves through it• Collar cells:• Also called “choanocytes”• Innermost lining of sponge• Lined with flagella, draws water in and circulates it• Spongin & spicules:• Make up skeletons of sponges• Helps to support body of sponge under water pressure
![Page 4: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 5: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Feeding & DigestionFeeding & Digestion
• Filter feeders
• Food includes: bacteria, protozoans, algae, etc
• Food is digested by collar cells
• Nutrients pass to amoebocytes….
• Amoebocytes:
• Cells that crawl/migrate to different parts of the sponge and deliver food
• Filter feeders
• Food includes: bacteria, protozoans, algae, etc
• Food is digested by collar cells
• Nutrients pass to amoebocytes….
• Amoebocytes:
• Cells that crawl/migrate to different parts of the sponge and deliver food
![Page 6: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ReproductionReproduction
• Reproduce asexually by budding
• Can regenerate broken body parts
• Reproduce sexually also
• Sperm released from one sponge enter pores of another
• Collar cells….amoebocytes…..eggs….fertilization
• Forms a larva
• Some sponges are separate sexes
• Most hermaphroditic
• Reproductive success!! Why??
• Reproduce asexually by budding
• Can regenerate broken body parts
• Reproduce sexually also
• Sperm released from one sponge enter pores of another
• Collar cells….amoebocytes…..eggs….fertilization
• Forms a larva
• Some sponges are separate sexes
• Most hermaphroditic
• Reproductive success!! Why??
![Page 7: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Phylum CnidariaPhylum Cnidaria
• Bodies constructed of two cell layers:
• Epidermis, gastrodermis
• Gut = “gastrovascular cavity”
• Two body types:
• Polyp (sessile)
• Medusa (motile)
• Bodies constructed of two cell layers:
• Epidermis, gastrodermis
• Gut = “gastrovascular cavity”
• Two body types:
• Polyp (sessile)
• Medusa (motile)
![Page 8: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 9: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 10: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 11: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Feeding & DefenseFeeding & Defense
• Cnidocytes = stinging cells
• Nematocyst = stinging structure
• Uses a trigger mechanism
• Poison from stingers paralyzes prey
• Cnidocytes = stinging cells
• Nematocyst = stinging structure
• Uses a trigger mechanism
• Poison from stingers paralyzes prey
![Page 12: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 13: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ClassesClasses
• Class Hydrozoa:
• Portugese Man o’ War
• Hydras (exist only as polyps). Fresh, salt water
• Class Scyphozoa:
• Jellyfish
• Class Anthozoa: (flower-like)
• Coral reefs
• Class Hydrozoa:
• Portugese Man o’ War
• Hydras (exist only as polyps). Fresh, salt water
• Class Scyphozoa:
• Jellyfish
• Class Anthozoa: (flower-like)
• Coral reefs
![Page 14: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 15: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 16: Spongesjellyfish](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062418/554ed444b4c905de468b57be/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Jellyfish LifecycleJellyfish Lifecycle
• Medusas release gametes
• Gametes form zygote
• Zygote morphs into a planula larva
• Planula attaches to ocean floor
• Matures into a polyp
• Polyp buds out, making young medusas
• Young medusas mature, and cycle starts again
• Medusas release gametes
• Gametes form zygote
• Zygote morphs into a planula larva
• Planula attaches to ocean floor
• Matures into a polyp
• Polyp buds out, making young medusas
• Young medusas mature, and cycle starts again