SPRING 2010

FINAL EXAM REVIEW

•John Locke was a huge influence on all of Thomas Jefferson's philosophical thoughts and ideals. •For example, Jefferson paraphrases Locke's ideas in the Declaration of Independence, changing "life, liberty, and property" to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

• Locke also wrote that government is an instrument of the people's will, and the people have the right to rebel if the government is bad.

Unit 7 1. What influence did John Locke have on Thomas Jefferson? What inspired him?

Unit 7, #1

Unit 7 #2: Why did Peter the Great visit western Europe?

•Peter had a fascination with modern tools and machines•He wanted Russia to be able to compete with more

modern countries of Western Europe•He embarked on the “Great Embassy” in 1698 to learn

more about European culture and manufacturing techniques

•After he returned, he made a goal for the westernization of Russia

Which French king boasted, “I am the state”? Why is he important? (Unit 7, #3)

• Louis the XIV said that he was the state.• He is important because he helped France

grow economically, and he balanced the power of the nobles and the intendments

- Chad Raker

How was Napoleon defeated in Russia?

• He took his troops to far into Russia, while the Russians were destroying all the supplies Napoleon was going to take.

• He had to stay for the winter in Russia with limited supplies, and many of his troops died during the winter.

• He finally fled back to France because of all the loses he had.

- Chad Raker

Unit 7# 4

Divine Right of Kings (UNIT 7, # 5)

• Originated from the Theory of Absolutism, when the king or queen held all of the power within the boundaries or their state.

• Idea that God created the monarchy as his representatives on Earth.

• Absolute monarch answered only to God, not to other Earthly people or ideas.

http://www.nndb.com/people/229/000092950/philip-ii-3-sized.jpg Hannah Rampley

Unit 7 #6Question: What is the Glorious Revolution? Who cam to England's throne?

• In 1685 James II became king

• William led his army to London in 1688 to overthrow the king. King James fled to France

• The bloodless overthrow of English King James II and his replacement by William and Mary

Unit 7: Question #7•Political and Social Inequalities

The nobles and clergy enjoyed special privileges. They did not have to pay taxes. The common people did not have power and freedom in politics. They worked hard and had to pay heavy taxes. The common people became discontented with the privileged classes.

•Bankruptcy of the Government Louis XIV had spent too much. His successors did not cut down expenses.

Louis XVI also failed to improve the financial situation. He dismissed ministers who tried to introduce financial reforms. By 1789, the government was bankrupt.

•Influence of the Enlightenment and the American Revolution The ideas and writings of Enlightenment thinkers like Montesquieu, Voltaire,

and Rousseau became widespread. The French people were inspired to go against their king. The success of the Americans to overthrow British rule encouraged the French to fight for their freedom.

Unit 7 number 8 Effects of the French revolution

•social reforms, such as the abolishment of slavery in French colonies (1794, reinstated in 1802) and laws that granted more rights to women. • a rising sense of nationalism•Napoleon Bonaparte became emperor after they overthrew their King and organized a government run by a Council, Napoleon was recognized for his leadership in the Army that fought in Egypt so he was elected to be the First Council.

Why is the Haitian Revolution important?Unit 7 #9

• First Latin American territory to free itself from European rule.

• Toussaint L’Ouverture became leader as the Africans rose in revolt.

• He freed all enslaved Africans and taken control of the entire island.

• General Dessalines declared the colony independent.

http://www.marxists.org/history/haiti/images/haiti-map.jpg

Unit 7, number 12 (:Kristen Grisham

12. What were the three main goals of the congress of Vienna?

•Matternich (leader of congress) wanted to prevent future French aggression by surrounding France with strong countries.

•He wanted to restore the balance of power, so that no country would be a threat to the others.

•He wanted to restore Europe’s royal families to the thrones they had before Napoleon’s conquests.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Klemens_von_Metternich_by_Lawrence.jpg

The Age

Of Enlighten

ment

Unit 7, #14

1. An 18th Century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society.

2. Social critics in this time where known as philosophes, they believed that people could apply reason to all aspects of life, just as Isaac Newton had applied reason to science.

3. Woman even picked up on these themes of life. Mary Wollstonecraft urged woman to enter the male-dominated fields of medicine & polotics.

What is absolutism?Unit 7 #15

• A form of government in which all power is in a single ruler.

• Goal: to control every aspect of society.

• Believed in divine rights.

• Louis XIV was famous for his absolute monarch.

http://www.gameo.org/encyclopedia/images/Louis-XIV-of-France.jpg

Unit 7 Question 16 (:Kristen Grisham

16. What was the purpose of the English Bill of Rights?

•This Bill of Rights was to clear limits of royal power in 1689.

•The Documented listed things that a ruler was not allowed to do, such as; no suspending of Parliaments laws and no levying taxes without a grant from parliament.

•Also there was no interfering with freedom of speech in parliament along with no penalty for a citizen who petitions the king.

Unit 7 Question #17The Declaration of the rights of man

and citizens. •Idea inspired by the U.s Declaration of Independence,

Constitution, etc.•Accepted by National Assembly on August 26, 1789

•Reflected ideas of enlightment•Gave freedom and equal rights to all men

•Gave rights to access public office based on talent and end to exemptions from taxation

•Citizens were given right to take part in law making and rights to freedom of speech.

•Unit 7,#18•What ideas from Montesquieu were included in the U.S. Constitution?•Montesquie’s book was admired by political leaders in the British colonies.•His ideas from the book about separation of powers and checks and balances became the basis for the United States Constitution.•Montesquieu proposed that separation of powers would keep an individual group from gaining all power. •Oversimplified the British System.

Unit 7, #19Gravity: Isaac Newton

• Isaac Newton was an English scientist who helped bring together Copernicus’, Kepler’s, and Galileo's single theory of motion.

• Newton came up with the discovery that the same force ruled the planets and all matter on Earth. Known as gravity.

• This key idea that linked motion in the heavens with motion here on Earth was known as the law of universal gravitation, according to Newton.

Unit 8• 1. What factors contributed to the beginning of the

Industrial Revolution in Great Britain?• One big factor was the Enlightenment, and this meant that

there was not only a larger educated population but also more modern views on work.

• Another reason for the Industrial Revolution in Britain is the natural and financial resources that Britain received from its many overseas colonies that fueled industrial investment.

• Another reason that the Industrial Revolution occurred in Britain is their new government of a constitutional monarchy was able and ready to do anything to boost Britain’s economy and gain support of the people.

Unit 8Question 2

• Laissez-faire is the idea that government should not interfere with or regulate industries and businesses.

• It stemmed from French economic philosophers of the Enlightenment.

• The term is French for “to do” which is short for “let people do as they please”

•Unit 8,#3•What book did Adam Smith write? What was it about?•The book was called The Wealth of Nations•The book defended the idea of free economy or free markets.•3 natural laws of economics: the law of self- intrest, the law of competition, & the law of supply and demand.

Unit 8, Question #4• What is urbanization?

– The growth of cities and the migration of people to them.

– Between 1800 and 1850, European cities experienced urbanization mainly due to industrial reasons.

– Manchester’s 1760’s population of 45,000 grew to a population of 300,000 by 1850.

Unit 8, #6

What was the Communist Manifesto About?

The structure of a communist government. Thorough and detailed work of Karl MarxismSupported belief that each class of people had an opposing class that was trying to destroy the lesser one. Marx believed this should be achieved through force.

•The Russo-Japanese War developed out of the rivalry between Russia and Japan for dominance in Korea and Manchuria.

•Japan wanted the Russians to stay out of Korea.

•Russia wanted to take over the northern part of China and Korea so it can bud linking Moscow to a Korea city so it can ship goods in warm water.

Unit 8, #8

Unit 8 #9

• Japanese drove Russian troops out of Korea and captured Russia's Pacific fleet and destroyed its Baltic fleet.

• They began a peace negotiation in 1905 and Theodore Roosevelt helped draft the treaty, the treaty gave Japan the captured countries.

• It forced Russia to withdraw from Manchuria and stay out of Korea.

Unit 8, number 11.Why were the Chinese reluctant to trade with the outside

world?

▪ China was very self-sufficient so they had very little interest in trading with the West.

▪ Out of pride, China looked down on all foreigners. ▪ China also wanted to protect themselves from any type of war, and they believed that trading with the outside world

might cause this.

Why was the Opium War fought?Unit 8, Number 12

The British wanted to find a product that they could sell to China in large quantities so China would actually trade with them instead of just with Guangzhou.

The British smuggled Opium in to China so it could be used as a narcotic instead of for medical use and 12 million Chinese people got addicted.

The Qing Emperor wrote a letter to Britain’s Queen Victoria requesting to stop the Opium trade, the British refused resulting in an open clash between the British and the Chinese.

Unit 8 #13

• Industrialization stirred ambitions in European nations because they wanted more resources to fuel industrial production.

• They competed for new markets for their goods. Africa was looked at a source of raw materials.

• Resulting in colonial powers seizing vat areas of Africa during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Why was India Great Britain’s most important colony?

• Britain treasured India for its raw materials for the Industrial Revolution.

• India’s 300 million people were a large potential market for Great Britain’s manufactured goods.

• India was called “the jewel in the crown” since it was the most valuable to Britain’s economy.

Unit 8Question 14

UNIT 8#15

What happened at the Berlin Conference?

In 1885, the powers of Europe got together at Berlin to divide Africa. This

conference was held to divide Africa without causing tension in Europe

http://westerncivguides.umwblogs.org/files/2009/11/ColonialAfrica_1914.png

5 MAIN CAUSES OF WWI• M- militarism European countries competed with each other for the strongest military,

preparing for war without declaring it. This made the countries want to declare their superiority.

• A- alliances These were made for each countries own security, but the unallied countries felt insecure so they allied to become enemies. All countries in the allies had to fight if any of their allies declared war.

• N- nationalism European people’s pride for their country led to the belief that they were superior to all other countries, giving them the ‘right’ to take underdeveloped and smaller countries

• I- imperialism Countries have friction because of the need for more colonies for industrialization.

• A- assassination The assassination of the Archduke of Austria by a Bosnian revolutionary was the spark that set off the rest of Europe to begin WWI.

Unit 9 #1

SPARK!

Unit 9 question 2What is militarism?

•Militarism is the belief of maintaining a strong military force to carry out the needs of the people .

• It is the idea that a country should be prepared to use its military aggressively to defend or promote national interests.

•Militarism is the policy of increasing military strength and power, or to control the government by military power.

Why did the United States get involved in WW1?

•. Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats which got American people frustrated. (unrestricted submarine warfare)•Germany then “Agreed” to stop attacking ships, but then they went and shot down 3 more American boats.•Americans intercepted a telegram written by Germany saying that they would help Mexico reconquer the US.

UNIT: 9# 3

By: Sam Leonard

http://mjusino.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/woodrow-wilson.jpg

Fourteen Point Plan (unit 9, # 5)

•A proposal that President Wilson outlined for a plan to achieve a lasting peace after WWI.•Presented plan to US congress in January of 1918.•Most important point was the fourteenth which created the League of Nations, or an organization to address and solve issues to prevent wars in the future.Hannah Rampley

Unit 9, #7

What was the ‘war guilt clause’?

• The article, in which Germany was assigned the responsibility for damages caused by World War I.

• Text of the article reads:“The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.”

• By blaming only Germany for causing the war, Article 231 has been cited as one of the causes that led to the rise of national socialism in Germany.

• While various German politicians interpreted Article 231 as implying "war guilt", historian Sally Marks has claimed that the Article was deliberately as a way of gaining international sympathy for Germany.

Unit 9• 8. What was unrestricted submarine warfare?• Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval

warfare in which German U-Boats sunk merchant ships without warning.

• The Germans used unrestricted submarine warfare in World War 1 to stop supplies and ammunition to be shipped to the allies in Europe.

• Unrestricted submarine warfare was a result of desperation and the belief that the ferocity of such a tactic might just keep America out of the war if the results were frightening enough.

How did Germany feel after the war?

• Germans were angry that they had to pay reparations for a war that they didn’t fully start.

• They were also upset that they lost their land to surrounding areas and that they couldn’t have a full army.

- Chad Raker

Unit 9#9

• Many Americans objected President Wilson’s League of Nations.

• Americans believed that the United States best hope for peace was to stay out of European affairs

Unit 9, #11How did WW1 affect most European

Countries?• Caused depression in Germany• Caused economic and physical destruction to

most countries• Left most countries in debt• Populations decreased

By: Kelly Crumpton

Unit 914.What is totalitarianism?

• Absolute control by the state or a governing branch of a highly centralized institution.

• During WWII there were many totalitarian governments.

• Examples – Italy under Benito Mussolini 1922–45; Germany under Adolf Hitler 1933–45; the USSR under Joseph Stalin from the 1930s until his death in 1953

Unit 9, #16 What were some of Thomas Edison's inventions?

•The first great invention developed by Edison was the tin foil phonograph.

•Thomas Edison is well known for the invention of the light bulb

•Until the 80’s Edison invention the carbon microphone, which was used in all telephones, along with the bell receiver.It was later used in radio broadcasting.

What was the purpose of the Soviet’s Five-Year Plans?

Unit 9, Number 17• Created by Joseph Stalin to help the development of

the Soviet Union’s economy.• The Soviet Unions Five-Year Plans set impossibly high

quotas to increase the output of steel, coal, oil, and electricity.

• The Five-Years Plan limited the production of consumer goods.

• Resulted in people facing severe shortages of housing, food, clothing, and other goods.

• Produced impressive economic results.

Unit 10, #2Appeasement

• Appeasement was the making of concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid war.

• This strategy was used when Hitler was in power. The French and British thought they could give Hitler what he wanted in order to avoid war.

• Unfortunately this did not work. Hitler ended up doing all the things he did in the first place such as taking over the Rhineland. He even admitted that he would have backed down if the British and the French had challenged him instead of giving him what he wanted.

Unit 10, #3The Nonaggression Pact

• The Nonaggression Pact was a treaty signed during World War II.This treaty was between The Soviet Union and Germany in an agreement to not fight each other.

• In this treaty they also agreed to split Poland between them after they had taken it over.

• The USSR was also guaranteed Finland and the Baltic countries of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia.

Unit 10 #4The Phony War 1939-1940

• The Phony War occurred after the blitzkrieg attack on Poland, and was declared to support Poland. It was referred to as the “sitting war” considering nothing really happened.

• It was between Britain and Germany but France had helped Britain. It was Declared by Neville Chamberlain the Prime Minister of Great Britain. In September 1939.

• None of the European powers had launched a significant attack on each other. Little to no fighting was done on the ground.

What is rationing? Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, or services.

Rationing controls the size of the ration or one's portion.

During WWII, A national speed limit of 35 miles per hour was imposed to save fuel and rubber for tires.

Unit 10 Number 5

Unit 10 – Question 6

What is Propaganda?

• One- sided information that governments used.

• Propaganda was designed to persuade, and keep up morale and support for the war.

• This could also be used to help or harm a group or nation.

• Leaders believed that honest reporting of the war would turn people against it, and that’s where propaganda came into place.

Unit 10. Question 8.

• Leaders of the United States, Britain, & the Soviet Union met at the Soviet Black Sea resort of Yalta

• Agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupation controlled by the allied military forces

• Germany also would have to pay Soviet Union to compensate for its loss of life and property. Stalin agreed to join war against Japan.

Unit 10. Question 10.Why did Japan seek an empire in the

1930s?• Economic power• Military power• Raw resources• New markets• Military strategy

Unit 10 - Question 11

• A six-week period following the Japanese capture of the city of Nanjing, the former capital of the Republic of China, on December 13, 1937.

• Between 200,000 and 300,000 Chinese lost their lives to Japanese soldiers.

• Many Chinese women were raped by many Japanese soldiers during the Rape of Nanking.

Unit 10 #12 Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?

• Pearl Harbor was the home to the US Pacific Fleet, at the time Japan did not want the US in the war because we had the greatest Naval Force.

• Japan thought that if they destroyed our Navy that we would not be able to stop them from further expanding.

• The US got lucky this day because all of the aircraft carriers that Japan was trying to destroy were all out on missions at the time of their attack!

Unit 10 #13 Question: What was the strategy of Island – Hopping?

• U.S. army would actually “island hop.” this meant they would move from one island to another working towards the Japanese in WWII.

•These islands usually had a strategic value like an airfield. .

• Once marines landed on island they were able to receive supplies such as ammo and food from army planes.

Unit 10 #14. What was the Manhattan Project? Why did President Truman agree to use it?

• Was the code name for a project during World War II to develop the first atomic bomb.

• It refers to the period of the project from 1942–1946.

• President Truman agreed to use it because he thought it would end the war quicker and in the long run save more lives.

*Unit 10, Question #15-What was the Marshall Plan? -The Marshall Plan provided economic prosperity. -The plan was over rebuilding Europe. -The United States paid for the rebuilding.

Unit 10 #16Nuremberg Trials

• 22 Nazi leaders were accused of war aggression and crimes of inhumanity on 11 million people.

• 4 leaders committed suicide and 18 received the death penalty or life in prison.

• German guilt will never go away and the leaders were burned in concentration camps in the same ovens of their burned victims.

Unit 10, chapter 17What was the purpose of the United

Nations?•The United Nations was a league of nations that sought to maintain peace throughout theworld.

•The purpose of the United Nations was to protect its members against aggression. The charter for this new organization created a large body called the General Assembly. There, each nation could cast votes on a broad range of issues including war and pollution control. •The United States and the former Soviet Union were two of the nations that were included in the United Nations.

Iron Curtain - Unit 11 Question 1

• The Iron curtain was the term used to define the boundary that was between Warsaw Pact countries and NATO countries.

• This was from 1945 to the end of the Cold War in 1991.

• This decision represented the way Europe was viewed after WWII .

What is Containment?

• Containment is the U.S. Policy of stopping the spread of Communism influence.

• Used to prevent the movement of the Soviet Union into Europe, China, Korea, and Vietnam.

• Started by President Harry Truman.

Unit 11, # 2

The Truman Doctrine – Unit 11 - #3

• Presented to Congress on March 12, 1947, by President Truman.• Made it Foreign Policy to aid countries that are under the threat of communist control.• Gave 400 million dollars of aid to Greece and Turkey.• Signed into law on May 22, 1947•Followed later by the Marshall Plan.

•Unit 11, question 5•What was brinkmanship?•A policy of threatening to go to war in response to any enemy aggression.•The policy led from one crisis to another.•Brinkmanship made nuclear war seem possible.

Unit 11 Number 6: What is Sputnik?

•Sputnik was an unmanned Russian satellite that orbited the earth on October 4,1957.

•Sputnik weighed 184 pounds, and could travel at a speed of 17,000 mph.

•Although it did little more than transmit a monotonous beep, the successful orbit of the beach ball-sized satellite became a seminal moment in the 20th century.

•The war led to nothing. All it did was prevent communism from spreading into South Korea. No other gains were made, only many losses.

•The Korean War started on June 25th, 1950 and ended on July 27th, 1953. The Korean War was fought between North Korea and the United States with South Korea. It was a fight against communism.

•A ceasefire stopped the fighting on July 27, 1953.. Korea is still split into North Korea, which is communist, and South Korea which is non-communist.

•The "De-Militarized Zone" which designates the border between North and South Korea has remained one of the most heavily-armed stretches of land on Earth.

•The stability of the region is threatened by the development of nuclear weapons by North Korea.

Unit 11, #10 10. After three years of fighting how did the Korean War end .

Unit 11 Question 11-What was the Domino theory? Did it ultimately happen?

The Domino Theory was a foreign policy theory during the 1950s to 1980s, promoted at times by the government of the United states, that speculated that if one land in a region came under the influence of communism , then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect.

The domino theory is saying that some change will cause change nearby.

The domino theory was used by the U.S. administrations during the cold war.

Unit 11- Question 12Why did Soviet missile sites in Cuba alarm the U.S.? How did the U.S. address the problem? What was the real threat of the time?

• With Cuba being so close to the U.S., The U.S. considered these missile sites to be a threat.

• President John F. Kennedy demanded removal of the sites, and also announced a naval blockade of Cuba to prevent Soviets from installing more missiles. This demand put the U.S. and Soviet Union on a collision course.

• The real threat of the time was the fear of going to nuclear war.

Q:13 Unit 11.What did Iranian students do to protest President Carter allowing the Shah to

come to the U.S. in 1979? How long did it last?

• In 1979 groups of Iranian students and militants took hold of the American embassy on Nov. 4, 1979, to protest President Carter’s actions of allowing the Shah to come to the United States.

• They captured 66 American hostages and held them for 444 days. 13 were released on Nov. 19 and 20, 1979. One was released on July 11, 1980 and the remaining 52 were released on Jan. 20, 1981.

• The hostage crisis ended with the signing of the Algiers Accords on January 19, 1981 and the 52 remaining were formally released the next day while new President Ronald Reagan was getting sworn into office.

• The treaty stated that The US would not intervene politically or militarily in Iranian internal affairs, The US would remove a freeze on Iranian assets and trade sanctions on Iran, and Iranian debts to US institutions would be paid.

Unit 11•Question: What was détente?

• Détente is a policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the United States during the time when Richard Nixon.

•Nixon’s move towards détente grew out of a philosophy called realpolitik.

• Détente is a French word meaning “a loosening”

Richard Nixon

Lauren Hagood

Question # 15

Unit 11 #17

What problems did all the former communist countries of Eastern Europe Suffer?

• Keana Reyes

• The eastern communist countries were:• Hungary 1919 • Poland 1926• Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, and Romania turned

into a strong man rule.

• How they Suffered:• They all had a dictatorship.• Their countries went through unemployment.• Suffered through brutality and violence, many

people died during their dictatorship.

Who was the leader of Turkey when it became independent after World War II? Why was he important to the country

(Unit 12, #1)

• The leader was Mustafa Kemal and he was later given the nickname Ataturk, the father of the Turks.

• He was important because he successfully led Turkish nationalists in fighting back the Greeks and their British backers to become the Republic of Turkey.

• He also created many reforms that helped out the country a lot.

- Chad Raker

What was the United Nations plan to partition Palestine? How was the land to be divided? (unit 12, # 2)

•Approved November 29, 1947•Recommended division of British Mandate of Palestine•States were to be divided into two states, a Jewish and an Arab with the Jerusalem Bethlehem not being controlled by either side. Hannah Rampley

Unit 12 #3What has been the relationship between Israel and its Arab neighbors since Israel’s creation in

1948?

Since 1948, when Israel became independent, its bordering countries have been very hostile towards the Israelis. A day after Israel pronounced itself a state, six of Israel’s bordering countries invaded Israel. This invasion led to the Arab-Israeli Wars.

Unit 12 #5.Who was Mohandas Gandhi? What tactics did he practice?

•Unit 12, #5•Gandhi first employed non-violent civil disobedience .•Gandhi agreed to actively recruit Indians for World war 1.•Gandhi employed non-violence and peaceful resistance as his weapons in the struggle against British .

•By the Indian practice of nonviolence, Gandhi held, Great Britain too would eventually consider violence useless and would leave India.

Unit 12- Question 6Once India was granted with independence, what was the

new problem it faced?

• Their first leader in years of independence, Nehru died in 1964.

• His death left Congress Party with no leader strong enough to hold together the many political factions that emerged with India’s independence.

• India could not find a reliable leader after Nehru’s death.

Unit 12Question 7

•The Africans were split up by the European Nations at the Berlin Conference.

•The European Nations lead the Africans, and once they left the Africans were forced to start from scratch.

•Many new countries were also plagued by great ethnic strife.

Unit 12 #8Question: What was the first independent nation in Sub-Saharan Africa? Who was

their leader and how did he achieve this?

• Ghana gained their independence in 1957

•Dr Kwame Nkrumah was their leader at the time.

•In 1949 he formed the Convention People's Party, which got rid of nonviolent protests, strikes, and noncooperation with the British authorities

• ANC leader who was Imprisoned when the ANC was banned by the South African government.

• Elected president in 1994. • Helped end apartheid in South Africa.

Unit 12, #12O.P.E.C

Organization of Petroleum-Exporting Countries

• It was an organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum

• The five main members of this organization were Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela.

• The economy began to decline.

Unit 12 Q:13 By: Delaina Snarski•Genocide:The systematic killing of an entire

race.• Germany know as the Holocaust in 1933

•Rwanda genocide between Hutus and Tutsis in 1994.

Unit 12• What is terrorism?

Question # 14

• Terrorism is the use of force or threats to frighten people or governments to change their policies.

• Terrorist acts usually involve violence. The bomb and the bullet are the most commonly used weapons by the terrorists.•Terrorist groups usually attack on very crowded places, where people usually feel safe. Some attack what symbolizes what they are against.

• Reasons for terrorism: gaining independence, expelling foreigners, or changing society. • Many terrorists are willing to die to ensure the success of their attacks.

Lauren Hagood

Technology -- Unit 12 Question 15• Technology changed the

worlds economy by new weaponry. The new weaponry helped determined the outcome of the war.

• Medicine: surgical innovations, chemical medicines, and techniques.

• Industry: technologies employed at factories and production,distribution centers.

• Weaponry: ships, vehicles, aircraft, artillery, rocketry, small arms, and atomic weapons.

• Logistical support: vehicles necessary for transporting soldiers and supplies, such as trains, trucks, and aircraft.

• Communications and intelligence: devices used for navigation, communication, and spys.

Unit 12 # 16: GLOBAL ECONOMY

• Includes all financial interactions among people, businesses, and governments that cross international borders.

• Did not take place until the 1800s

• the telephone was a big linkage to global financial transactions. Multinational corporations developed around the world.